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2-2
FRONT SUSPENSION AND STEERING LINKAGE
Condition
SERVICE DIAGNOSIS-Continued
Possible Cause
Correction
HARD STEERING
EXCESSIVE PLAY
IN
STEERING
FRONT WHEEL
SHIMMY
(9) Weak or broken rear spring.
(h)
Incorrect front wheel alignment or suspension
(j) Shock absorber inoperative.
heights.
(a) Ball joints need lubrication.
(b)
Low or uneven tire pressure.
IC)
Low power steering fluid level.
(d)
Lack of assist of power steering system.
(e) Low front suspension height.
(f) Incorrect front wheel alignment (Particularly
caster) resulting from:
(a) Upper control arm bent.
(b) Lower control arm bent.
(c) Steering knuckle or steering knuckle arm
bent.
(g) Steering gear low on
(h)
Steering gear not adjusted properly.
(i)
Idler arm binding.
(a) Worn or loose front wheel bearings.
(b)
Incorrect steering gear adjustment.
(c) Loose steering gear to frame mounting bolts,
(d)
Worn tie rod ends.
(e) Worn steering gear parts.
(f)
Worn upper control arm ball joints.
(g) Worn lower control arm
ball
joints.
(h) Worn idler arm bushings.
(a) Tire and wheel out of balance.
(b) Uneven tire wear, or excessively worn tires.
(c) Worn or loose wheel bearings.
(d)
Worn tie rod ends.
(e) Strut mounting bushings loose or worn.
(f) Incorrect front wheel alignment and car height
(9) Upper
ball
joints loose or excessively worn.
(particularly caster).
VEHICLE PULLS TO
ONE
SIDE
(a) l o w or uneven tire pressure.
(b)
Front brake dragging.
(c) Grease, lubricant or brake fluid leaking onto
(d)
Loose strut bushings.
(e) Power steering control valve out of adjustment.
(f)
Incorrect front wheel alignment (particularly
(9) Broken or sagging front or rear spring.
(h) Excessively worn suspension pivot bushings.
brake lining.
caster).
(g) Replace spring.
(h) Measure and adjust front wheel alignment and
(i)
Replace shock absorber.
suspension heights.
(a) Lubricate ball joints.
(b)
Inflate tires to the recommended pressures.
(c)
Fill
power steering pump reservoir to correct
(d)
Inspect and test power steering pump and
(e) Adjust heights to specifications.
(f)
Replace bent parts and adjust front wheel
level.
gear. Service as required.
alignment.
(9)
Fill
steering gear to the correct level.
(h) Adjust steering gear.
(i) Free-up idler arm.
(a) Adjust or replace wheel bearings as necessary.
(b) Adjust steering gear.
(c) Tighten steering gear to frame bolts.
(d)
Replace tie rods as necessary.
(e) Replace worn steering gear parts and adjust
steering gear as necessary.
(f) Replace ball joints.
(9) Replace ball joints.
(h)
Replace bushing.
(a) Balance wheel and tire assembly.
(b) Rotate or replace tires as necessary.
(c) Replace or adjust wheel bearings.
(d) Replace tie rod ends.
(e) Replace strut mounting bushings.
(f) Adjust front wheel alignment and car height.
(9) Tighten to specifications or replace as neces-
sary.
(a) Inflate tires to the recommended pressure.
(b)
Adjust brakes.
(c) Replace brake shoe and lining as necessary
(d) Inspect bushings and replace as necessary.
(e) Adjust steering gear control valve.
(f) Adjust front wheel alignment.
and eliminate all leaks.
(9) Replace spring.
(h) Replace bushings.
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