ABB 615 series Technical Manual
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ABB 615 series Technical Manual

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Table of Contents

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RELION® PROTECTION AND CONTROL
615 series ANSI
Technical Manual

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Summary of Contents for ABB 615 series

  • Page 1 — RELION® PROTECTION AND CONTROL 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 3 Document ID: 1MAC059074-MB Issued: 2018-04-23 Revision: A Product version: 5.0 FP1 © Copyright 2018 ABB. All rights reserved...
  • Page 4 Copyright This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used, copied, or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
  • Page 5 ABB is not liable for any such damages and/or losses.
  • Page 6 (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standards EN 50263 and EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Product documentation set..............36 Document revision history..............36 Related documentation..............37 Symbols and conventions...............37 Symbols.....................37 Document conventions..............37 Functions, codes and symbols............38 Section 2 615 series overview.............45 Overview....................45 Product series version history............46 PCM600 and relay connectivity package version......47 Local HMI....................48 Display....................49 LEDs....................49 Keypad....................
  • Page 8 Binary input inversion..............106 Oscillation suppression..............107 Binary outputs..................107 Power output contacts ..............108 Dual single-pole power outputs PO1 and PO2 in power supply module..................108 Double-pole power outputs PO3 and PO4 with trip circuit supervision in power supply module...........109 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 9 Function block................129 Functionality................130 Settings..................130 IEC 61850-9-2 LE sampled values receiving SMVRECEIVER..130 Function block................130 Functionality................130 Signals..................130 ULTVTR function block..............131 Function block................131 Functionality................131 Operation principle..............131 Signals..................132 Settings..................132 Monitored data................133 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 10 Function block................138 Functionality................138 Signals..................139 GOOSERCV_CMV function block........... 139 Function block................139 Functionality................139 Signals..................139 GOOSERCV_ENUM function block..........140 Function block................140 Functionality................140 Signals..................140 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block..........140 Function block................140 Functionality................140 Signals..................141 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 11 Function block................146 Functionality................146 Signals..................147 T_TCMD_BIN function block............147 Function block................147 Functionality................147 Signals..................148 T_BIN_TCMD function block............148 Function block................148 Functionality................148 Signals..................149 Configurable logic blocks..............149 Standard configurable logic blocks..........149 OR function block............... 149 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 12 Signals..................171 Settings..................172 Technical data................172 Time delay on (8 pcs) 62TON............173 Identification................173 Function block................173 Functionality................173 Signals..................174 Settings..................174 Technical data................175 Set reset (8 pcs) SR................ 175 Identification................175 Function block................175 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 13 Signals..................189 Settings..................189 Monitored data................190 Generic control point (16 pcs) SPC..........191 Identification................191 Function block................191 Functionality................191 Signals..................192 Settings..................194 Generic up-down counter CTR............196 Identification................196 Function block................196 Functionality................196 Operation principle..............197 Signals..................198 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 14 Section 4 Protection functions............211 Three-phase current protection............211 Three-phase non-directional overcurrent protection 51P, 50P, 50P-3....................211 Identification................211 Function block................211 Functionality................211 Operation principle..............212 Measurement modes..............215 Timer characteristics..............215 Application.................. 217 Signals..................224 Settings..................226 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 15 49F............268 Identification................268 Function block................269 Functionality................269 Operation principle..............269 Application.................. 272 Signals..................273 Settings..................274 Monitored data................274 Technical data................275 Technical revision history............275 Three-phase thermal overload protection, two time constants 49T.275 Identification................275 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 16 Operation principle..............289 Application.................. 290 Signals..................291 Settings..................291 Monitored data................292 Technical data................292 Technical revision history............292 Loss of phase 37................293 Identification................293 Function block................293 Functionality................293 Operation principle..............293 Application.................. 295 Signals..................295 Settings..................296 Monitored data................297 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 17 Directional ground-fault protection 67/51N, 67/50N......326 Identification................326 Function block................326 Functionality................326 Operation principle..............326 Directional ground-fault principles..........332 Measurement modes..............338 Timer characteristics..............339 Directional ground-fault characteristics........340 Application.................. 350 Signals..................352 Settings..................353 Monitored data................357 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 18 Identification................401 Function block................401 Functionality................401 Operation principle..............402 Application.................. 405 Signals..................406 Settings..................407 Monitored data................408 Technical data................408 Technical revision history............409 Wattmetric-based ground-fault protection 32N........ 409 Identification................409 Function block................409 Functionality................409 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 19 Monitored data................459 Technical data................460 Differential protection................460 Line differential protection with in-zone power transformer 87L..460 Identification................460 Function block................460 Functionality................461 Operation principle..............461 Commissioning................483 Application.................. 489 Signals..................495 Settings..................496 Monitored Data................498 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 20 High-impedance differential protection 87A, 87B, 87C....550 Identification................550 Function block................550 Functionality................551 Operation principle..............551 Application.................. 553 Example calculations for busbar high-impedance differential protection..................561 Signals..................564 Settings..................565 Monitored data................567 Technical data................567 Technical revision history............568 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 21 Functionality................594 Operation principle..............594 Application.................. 596 Signals..................597 Settings..................598 Monitored data................598 Technical data................598 Technical revision history............599 Phase reversal protection 46R............599 Identification................599 Function block................599 Functionality................599 Operation principle..............600 Application.................. 600 Signals..................601 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 22 Monitored data................617 Technical data................617 Technical revision history............618 Three-phase undervoltage protection 27.........618 Identification................618 Function block................618 Functionality................618 Operation principle..............618 Timer characteristics..............623 Application.................. 623 Signals..................624 Settings..................625 Monitored data................626 Technical data................626 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 23 Functionality................637 Operation principle..............637 Application.................. 638 Signals..................639 Settings..................640 Monitored data................640 Technical data................641 Technical revision history............641 Overexcitation protection 24............641 Identification................641 Function block................642 Functionality................642 Operation principle..............642 Timer characteristics..............646 Application.................. 651 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 24 Identification................672 Function block................673 Functionality................673 Operation principle..............673 Application.................. 675 Signals..................676 Settings..................676 Monitored data................677 Technical data................677 Frequency protection................678 Frequency protection 81..............678 Identification................678 Function block................678 Functionality................678 Operation principle..............678 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 25 Monitored data................705 Technical data................706 Three-phase underimpedance protection 21G........706 Identification................706 Function block................706 Functionality................707 Operation principle..............707 Application.................. 710 Signals..................715 Settings..................715 Monitored data................716 Technical data................717 Power protection...................717 Underpower protection 32U.............717 Identification................717 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 26 Technical data................740 Arc protection AFD................740 Identification..................740 Function block................. 741 Functionality..................741 Operation principle................741 Application..................743 Signals.....................747 Settings....................748 Monitored data.................748 Technical data................. 749 Technical revision history..............749 Motor start-up supervision 66/51LRS........... 749 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 27 Functionality..................767 Operation principle................768 Application..................769 Signals.....................770 Settings....................771 Monitored data.................771 Technical data................. 772 Technical revision history..............772 Circuit breaker failure protection 50BF..........772 Identification..................772 Function block................. 772 Functionality..................773 Operation principle................773 Application..................780 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 28 Identification..................794 Function block................. 795 Functionality..................795 Operation principle................795 Application..................797 Signals.....................798 Settings....................799 Technical data................. 800 Technical revision history..............800 Emergency start-up 62EST..............800 Identification..................800 Function block................. 800 Functionality..................801 Operation principle................801 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 29 Functionality..................832 Operation principle................832 Application..................833 Signals.....................833 Settings....................833 Monitored data.................834 Technical data................. 834 Section 6 Supervision functions............835 Trip circuit supervision TCM..............835 Identification..................835 Function block................. 835 Functionality ................... 835 Operation principle................835 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 30 Technical data................. 861 Technical revision history..............861 Protection communication supervision PCS.........861 Identification..................861 Function block................. 861 Functionality..................862 Operation principle................862 Application..................864 Signals.....................865 Settings....................865 Monitored data.................865 Technical revision history..............866 Fuse failure supervision 60..............866 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 31 Circuit breaker operation monitoring.......... 881 Breaker contact travel time............882 Operation counter...............885 Accumulation of I t..............885 Remaining life of circuit breaker..........887 Circuit breaker spring-charged indication........888 Gas pressure supervision............889 Application..................889 Signals.....................893 Settings....................894 Monitored data.................895 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 32 Identification................913 Function block................914 Signals..................914 Settings..................914 Monitored data................915 Technical data................915 Technical revision history............916 Residual voltage measurement VG..........916 Identification................916 Function block................916 Signals..................916 Settings..................917 Monitored data................917 Technical data................918 Technical revision history............918 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 33 Settings..................928 Monitored data................928 Technical data................930 Technical revision history............930 Single-phase power and energy measurement SP, SE....930 Identification................930 Function block................931 Signals..................931 Settings..................931 Monitored data................932 Technical data................937 Digital fault recorder DFR..............937 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 34 Technical revision history..............956 Section 9 Control functions............... 957 Circuit breaker control 52, Disconnector control 29DS and Grounding switch control 29GS............957 Identification..................957 Function block................. 958 Functionality..................958 Operation principle................959 Application..................964 Signals.....................965 Settings....................968 Monitored data.................970 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 35 Master and slave scheme............993 Thermal overload blocking............994 Operation principle................995 Signal collection and delay logic..........996 Shot initiation................1000 Shot pointer controller.............. 1004 Reclose controller..............1005 Sequence controller..............1007 Protection coordination controller..........1008 Circuit breaker controller............1009 Counters..................1011 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 36 Function block................1037 Functionality.................. 1037 Operation principle................ 1038 Application..................1039 Signals...................1039 Settings..................1039 Monitored data................1040 Technical revision history.............. 1040 Voltage variation PQSS..............1041 Identification.................. 1041 Function block................1041 Functionality.................. 1041 Operation principle................ 1042 Phase mode setting..............1042 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 37 Voltage based inverse definite minimum time characteristics.... 1111 IDMT curves for overvoltage protection.........1111 Standard inverse-time characteristics for overvoltage protection1114 User programmable inverse-time characteristics for overvoltage protection.............. 1118 IDMT curve saturation of overvoltage protection......1118 IDMT curves for undervoltage protection........1119 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 38 COM0023 jumper locations and connections ......1154 COM0008 and COM0010 jumper locations and connections.. 1160 COM0032-COM0034 jumper locations and connections..1163 Section 14 Technical data..............1167 Section 15 Protection relay and functionality tests......1175 Section 16 Applicable standards and regulations......1179 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 39 Table of contents Section 17 Glossary................1181 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 41: Section 1 Introduction

    The system engineer must have a thorough knowledge of protection systems, protection equipment, protection functions and the configured functional logic in the protection relays. The installation and commissioning personnel must have a basic knowledge in handling electronic equipment. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 42: Product Documentation

    Product series- and product-specific manuals can be downloaded from the ABB Web site http://www.abb.com/relion. 1.3.2 Document revision history Document revision/date Product series version History A/2018-04-23 5.0 FP1 First release Download the latest documents from the ABB Web site http://www.abb.com/substationautomation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 43: Related Documentation

    Section 1 1MAC059074-MB A Introduction 1.3.3 Related documentation Product series- and product-specific manuals can be downloaded from the ABB Web site http://www.abb.com/substationautomation. Symbols and conventions 1.4.1 Symbols The electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard which could result in electrical shock.

  • Page 44: Functions, Codes And Symbols

    3I>> -> (1) 67/50P-1 67/50P-1 67/50P-1 overcurrent protection, DPHHPDOC2 3I>> -> (2) 67/50P-2 high stage Three-phase voltage- PHPVOC1 3I(U)> (1) dependent overcurrent protection Non-directional ground- EFLPTOC1 Io> (1) fault protection, low stage Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 45 FRPFRQ4 f>/f<,df/dt (4) 81-4 81-4 81-4 FRPFRQ5 f>/f<,df/dt (5) 81-5 81-5 FRPFRQ6 f>/f<,df/dt (6) 81-6 81-6 Overexcitation protection OEPVPH1 U/f> (1) 24-1 24-1 (2) OEPVPH2 U/f> (2) 24-2 24-2 (2) Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 46 AFD-3 AFD-3 AFD-3 (2) Multipurpose protection MAPGAPC1 MAP (1) MAP-1 MAP-1 MAP-1 MAP-1 MAP-1 MAPGAPC2 MAP (2) MAP-2 MAP-2 MAP-2 MAP-2 MAP-2 MAPGAPC3 MAP (3) MAP-3 MAP-3 MAP-3 MAP-3 MAP-3 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 47 LVRTPTUV2 U<RT (2) 27RT-2 LVRTPTUV3 U<RT (3) 27RT-3 Voltage vector shift VVSPPAM1 VS (1) 78V-1 protection Power quality Current total demand CMHAI1 PQM3I (1) PQI-1 PQI-1 PQI-1 distortion CMHAI2 PQM3I(B) Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 48 IA, IB, IC (2) IA, IB, IC (2) Sequence current CSMSQI1 I1, I2, I0 (1) I1, I2, I0 I1, I2, I0 I1, I2, I0 I1, I2, I0 I1, I2, I0 (1) measurement Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 49 SCA4 (1) SCA4-1 SCA4-1 SCA4-1 SCA4-1 SCA4-1 SCA4GAPC2 SCA4 (2) SCA4-2 SCA4-2 SCA4-2 SCA4-2 SCA4-2 SCA4GAPC3 SCA4 (3) SCA4-3 SCA4-3 SCA4-3 SCA4-3 SCA4-3 SCA4GAPC4 SCA4 (4) SCA4-4 SCA4-4 SCA4-4 SCA4-4 SCA4-4 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 50 Generic up-down counters UDFCNT1 UDCNT (1) CTR-1 CTR-1 CTR-1 CTR-1 CTR-1 UDFCNT2 UDCNT (2) CTR-2 CTR-2 CTR-2 CTR-2 CTR-2 UDFCNT3 UDCNT (3) CTR-3 CTR-3 CTR-3 CTR-3 CTR-3 UDFCNT4 UDCNT (4) CTR-4 CTR-4 CTR-4 CTR-4 CTR-4 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 51: Section 2 615 Series Overview

    615 series overview Overview 615 series is a product family of relays designed for protection, control, measurement and supervision of utility substations and industrial switchgear and equipment. The design of the relay has been guided by the IEC 61850 standard for communication and interoperability of substation automation devices.

  • Page 52: Product Series Version History

    1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview 2.1.1 Product series version history Product series version Product series history 1.0.1 First product from 615 series REF615 released • Circuit breaker condition monitoring • Replaced EFIPTOC3 with EFLPTOC3 • New communication modules COMB11A, COMB12A, COMB13A and COMB14A •...

  • Page 53: Pcm600 And Relay Connectivity Package Version

    Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview Product series version Product series history • User programming through Application Configuration tool • Frequency measurement protection • Load shedding and restoration • Single phase power and energy measurement • Load profile recorder •...

  • Page 54: Local Hmi

    REG615 Connectivity Package Ver.5.1 or later • REM615 Connectivity Package Ver.5.1 or later • RET615 Connectivity Package Ver.5.1 or later Download connectivity packages from the ABB Web site http://www.abb.com/substationautomation or directly with Update Manager in PCM600. Local HMI The LHMI is used for setting, monitoring and controlling the protection relay. The LHMI comprises the display, buttons, LED indicators and communication port.

  • Page 55: Display

    Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview 2.2.1 Display The LHMI includes a graphical display that supports one character size. The character size depends on the selected language. The amount of characters and rows fitting the view depends on the character size.

  • Page 56: Keypad

    Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview There are 11 matrix programmable LEDs on front of the LHMI. The LEDs can be configured with PCM600 and the operation mode can be selected with the LHMI, WHMI or PCM600. There are two additional LEDs which are embedded into the control buttons They represent the status of breaker 1 (CBXCBR1).
  • Page 57 Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview WHMI offers several functions. • Programmable LEDs and event lists • System supervision • Parameter settings • Measurement display • DFR records • Fault records • Load profile record • Phasor diagram •...

  • Page 58: Authorization

    Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview Authorization Four user categories have been predefined for the LHMI and the WHMI, each with different rights and default passwords. The default passwords in the protection relay delivered from the factory can be changed with Administrator user rights.
  • Page 59 The protection relay utilizes Ethernet communication extensively for different purposes. The exact services depend on the ordered product variant and enabled functionality. HSR/PRP is available in 615 series Ver.5.0 FP1 ANSI. HSR/PRP availability depends on the product ordering information. See the Rear communication modules chapter for information on HSR/PRP supported COM cards.

  • Page 60: Self-Healing Ethernet Ring

    Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview 2.5.1 Self-healing Ethernet ring For the correct operation of self-healing loop topology, it is essential that the external switches in the network support the RSTP protocol and that it is enabled in the switches.

  • Page 61: Ethernet Redundancy

    PRP principle to rings and to the rings of rings to achieve cost-effective redundancy. Thus, each device incorporates a switch element that forwards frames from port to port. The HSR/PRP option is available for all 615 series protection relays. However, RED615 supports this option only over fiber optics.
  • Page 62 Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview COM600 SCADA Ethernet switch Ethernet switch IEC 61850 PRP GUID-334D26B1-C3BD-47B6-BD9D-2301190A5E9D V2 EN Figure 7: PRP solution In case a laptop or a PC workstation is connected as a non-PRP node to one of the PRP...
  • Page 63 Section 2 1MAC059074-MB A 615 series overview GUID-207430A7-3AEC-42B2-BC4D-3083B3225990 V2 EN Figure 8: HSR solution 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 65: Section 3 Basic Functions

    Secondary current 1=0.2A 2=1A Secondary current 2=1A 3=5A Amplitude corr. 0.9000...1.1000 0.0001 1.0000 Amplitude correction Reverse polarity 0=False 0=False Reverse the polarity of the residual CT 1=True Angle correction -20.0000...20.0000 0.0001 0.0000 Angle correction factor 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 66 Primary voltage 0.100...440.000 Secondary voltage 60...210 Secondary voltage Amplitude corr. 0.9000...1.1000 0.0001 1.0000 Amplitude correction Angle correction -20.0000...20.0000 0.0001 0.0000 Angle correction factor 1) In 9-2 applications, Primary voltage maximum is limited to 126 kV. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 67 Binary input settings Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Threshold voltage 16...176 Digital input threshold voltage Input osc. level 2...50 events/s Digital input oscillation suppression threshold Input osc. hyst 2...50 events/s Digital input oscillation suppression hysteresis 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 68 2) m = For example, 1, 2, depending on the serial number of the binary input in a particular BIO or AIM card Table 14: Ethernet front port settings Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description IP address 192.168.0.254 IP address for front port (fixed) Mac address XX-XX-XX-XX- Mac address for front port XX-XX 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 69 Default view 1=Measurements 1=Measurements LHMI default view 2=Main menu 3=SLD page 1 Backlight timeout 1...60 LHMI backlight timeout Web HMI mode 1=Active read only 3=Disabled Web HMI functionality 2=Active 3=Disabled Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 70 End delay 0...20 End delay in character times for serial connections CRC order 0=Hi-Lo 0=Hi-Lo Selects between normal or swapped byte order 1=Lo-Hi for checksum for serial connection. Default: Hi- Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 71 ControlStructPWd 7 **** Password for control operations using Control Struct mechanism, which is available on 4x memory area. ControlStructPWd 8 **** Password for control operations using Control Struct mechanism, which is available on 4x memory area. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 72 1=Disable Unsolicited responses mode 2=Enable UR retries 0...65535 Unsolicited retries before switching to UR offline mode UR TO 0...65535 5000 Unsolicited response timeout UR offline interval 0...65535 Unsolicited offline interval Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 73 1=32 bit counter event; 2=16 bit counter event; 2=2:16bit Cnt evt evt&time 5=32 bit counter event with time; 6=16 bit 5=5:32bit Cnt counter event with time. evt&time 6=6:16bit Cnt evt&time Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 74 3=3:32bit AO time; 5=float AO event; 6=double AO event; evt&time 7=float AO event with time; 8=double AO event 4=4:16bit AO with time. evt&time 5=5:float AO evt 6=6:double AO evt 7=7:float AO evt&time 8=8:double AO evt&time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 75 1=RS485 2Wire Serial mode 2=RS485 4Wire 3=RS232 no handshake 4=RS232 with handshake CTS delay 0...60000 CTS delay RTS delay 0...60000 RTS delay Baudrate 1=300 6=9600 Baudrate 2=600 3=1200 4=2400 5=4800 6=9600 7=19200 8=38400 9=57600 10=115200 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 76: Self-Supervision

    The self-supervision signal output operates on the closed-circuit principle. Under normal conditions, the protection relay is energized and the contact gaps 3-5 in slot X100 is closed. If the auxiliary power supply fails or an internal fault is detected, the contact gaps 3-5 are opened. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 77 Figure 9: Output contact The internal fault code indicates the type of internal relay fault. When a fault appears, the code must be recorded so that it can be reported to ABB customer service. Table 23: Internal fault indications and codes...
  • Page 78 RTD card error,X130 permanent fault. Temporary error has occurred too many times within a short time. Internal Fault Error in the COM card. COM card error For further information on internal fault indications, see the operation manual. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 79: Warnings

    LHMI. The warning indication message can be manually cleared. If a warning appears, record the name and code so that it can be provided to ABB customer service. Table 24: Warning indications and codes...

  • Page 80: Led Indication Control

    Measurement error in RTD card located in RTD meas. error,X130 slot X130. For further information on warning indications, see the operation manual. LED indication control 3.3.1 Function block GUID-B5D22C6D-951D-4F34-BE68-F5AF08580140 V2 EN Figure 10: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 81: Functionality

    IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE identification identification identification Programmable LEDs 3.4.2 Function block GUID-00339108-34E4-496C-9142-5DC69F55EE7A V1 EN Figure 11: Function block 3.4.3 Functionality The programmable LEDs reside on the right side of the display on the LHMI. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 82 The ALARM input has a higher priority than the OK input. Each LED is seen in the Application Configuration tool as an individual function block. Each LED has user-editable description text for event description. The state ("None", 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 83 "Follow-S". The alarm input latched modes can be cleared with the reset input in the application logic. GUID-58B6C3F2-873A-4B13-9834-9BB21FCA5704 V1 EN Figure 14: Symbols used in the sequence diagrams "Follow-S": Follow Signal, ON In this mode ALARM follows the input signal value, Non-latched. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 84 This mode is a latched function. At the activation of the input signal, the alarm starts flashing. After acknowledgement, the alarm disappears if the signal is not present and gives a steady light if the signal is present. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 85: Signals

    BOOLEAN 0=False Ok input for LED 7 ALARM BOOLEAN 0=False Alarm input for LED 7 RESET BOOLEAN 0=False Reset input for LED 7 BOOLEAN 0=False Ok input for LED 8 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 86: Settings

    3=LatchedAck-F-S Description Programmable Programmable LED description LEDs LED 3 Alarm mode 0=Follow-S 0=Follow-S Alarm mode for programmable LED 4 1=Follow-F 2=Latched-S 3=LatchedAck-F-S Description Programmable Programmable LED description LEDs LED 4 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 87 Alarm mode for programmable LED 10 1=Follow-F 2=Latched-S 3=LatchedAck-F-S Description Programmable Programmable LED description LEDs LED 10 Alarm mode 0=Follow-S 0=Follow-S Alarm mode for programmable LED 11 1=Follow-F 2=Latched-S 3=LatchedAck-F-S Description Programmable Programmable LED description LEDs LED 11 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 88: Monitored Data

    Status of programmable LED 1=Ok 3=Alarm Programmable LED Enum 0=None Status of programmable LED 1=Ok 3=Alarm Programmable LED Enum 0=None Status of programmable LED 1=Ok 3=Alarm Programmable LED Enum 0=None Status of programmable LED 1=Ok 3=Alarm 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 89: Time Synchronization

    “Basic IEEE1588” and “Power Profile”. In the “Power Profile” mode, the TLVs required by the IEEE C37.238-2011 Power Profile are included in announce frames. IEEE 1588 v2 time synchronization requires a communication card with redundancy support (COM0031...COM0037). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 90: Signals

    3.5.1.3 Signals Table 28: GNRLLTMS output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Time synchronization alarm WARNING BOOLEAN Time synchronization warning [1] The line differential protection is available only in RED615. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 91: Settings

    Local time offset in minutes Table 32: Time settings Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description IP SNTP primary 10.58.125.165 IP address for SNTP primary server IP SNTP secondary 192.168.2.165 IP address for SNTP secondary server 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 92 5=May 6=June 7=July 8=August 9=September 10=October 11=November 12=December DST off day (weekday) 0=reserved 0=reserved Daylight saving time off, day of week 1=Monday 2=Tuesday 3=Wednesday 4=Thursday 5=Friday 6=Saturday 7=Sunday DST offset -720...720 Daylight saving time offset 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 93: Parameter Setting Groups

    When binary input BI_SG_4 is FALSE, setting groups 1-3 are selected with binary inputs BI_SG_2 and BI_SG_3. When binary input BI_SG_4 is TRUE, setting groups 4-6 are selected with binary inputs BI_SG_5 and BI_SG_6. Value of the SG_LOGIC_SEL output is TRUE. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 94 Active group FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE The setting group 1 can be copied to any other or all groups from HMI (Copy group 1). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 95: Test Mode

    IED test and blocked Protection working as in “Normal mode” but TRUE protection functions are working in parallel with test parameters. ACT configuration can be used to block physical outputs to process. Control function commands blocked. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 96: Application Configuration And Test Mode

    3.7.5 Application configuration and Control mode The physical outputs from commands to process are blocked with “Blocked“ mode. If physical outputs need to be blocked totally, meaning also commands from the binary 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 97: Authorization

    BI_SG_2 BOOLEAN Setting group 2 is active BI_SG_3 BOOLEAN Setting group 3 is active BI_SG_4 BOOLEAN Setting group 4 is active BI_SG_5 BOOLEAN Setting group 5 is active BI_SG_6 BOOLEAN Setting group 6 is active 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 98 Name Type Description BOOLEAN Control OFF LOCAL BOOLEAN Control local STATION BOOLEAN Control station REMOTE BOOLEAN Control remote BOOLEAN Control all BEH_BLK BOOLEAN Logical device LD0 block status BEH_TST BOOLEAN Logical device LD0 test status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 99: Fault Recorder Flr

    The maximum current value collects the maximum fault currents during the fault. In case frequency cannot be measured, nominal frequency is used for frequency and zero for Frequency gradient and validity is set accordingly. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 100: Settings

    Trig mode 0=Trip or Pickup 0=Trip or Pickup Triggering mode 1=Trip only 2=Pickup only Table 45: FLR settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Measurement mode 1=RMS 2=DFT Selects used measurement mode 2=DFT 3=Peak-to-Peak 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 101: Monitored Data

    18=EFLPTOC2 19=EFLPTOC3 22=EFHPTOC1 23=EFHPTOC2 24=EFHPTOC3 25=EFHPTOC4 30=EFIPTOC1 31=EFIPTOC2 32=EFIPTOC3 35=NSPTOC1 36=NSPTOC2 -7=INTRPTEF1 -5=STTPMSU1 -3=JAMPTOC1 41=PDNSPTOC 44=T1PTTR1 46=T2PTTR1 48=MPTTR1 50=DEFLPDEF1 51=DEFLPDEF2 53=DEFHPDEF 56=EFPADM1 57=EFPADM2 58=EFPADM3 59=FRPFRQ1 60=FRPFRQ2 61=FRPFRQ3 62=FRPFRQ4 63=FRPFRQ5 64=FRPFRQ6 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 102 88=LOFLPTUC1 90=TR2PTDF1 91=LNPLDF1 92=LREFPNDF1 94=MPDIF1 96=HREFPDIF1 100=ROVPTOV 101=ROVPTOV 102=ROVPTOV 104=PHPTOV1 105=PHPTOV2 106=PHPTOV3 108=PHPTUV1 109=PHPTUV2 110=PHPTUV3 112=NSPTOV1 113=NSPTOV2 116=PSPTUV1 118=ARCSARC 119=ARCSARC 120=ARCSARC -96=SPHIPTOC -93=SPHLPTOC -92=SPHLPTOC -89=SPHHPTOC -88=SPHHPTOC -87=SPHPTUV4 -86=SPHPTUV3 -85=SPHPTUV2 -84=SPHPTUV1 615 series ANSI Table continues on next page Technical Manual...
  • Page 103 27=EFHPTOC6 37=NSPTOC3 38=NSPTOC4 45=T1PTTR2 54=DEFHPDEF 75=DPHHPDOC 89=LOFLPTUC2 103=ROVPTOV 117=PSPTUV2 -13=PHPTUC3 3=PHLPTOC3 10=PHHPTOC5 11=PHHPTOC6 28=EFHPTOC7 29=EFHPTOC8 107=PHPTOV4 111=PHPTUV4 114=NSPTOV3 115=NSPTOV4 -30=PHDSTPDI -29=TR3PTDF1 -28=HICPDIF1 -27=HIBPDIF1 -26=HIAPDIF1 -32=LSHDPFRQ -31=LSHDPFRQ 70=LSHDPFRQ 80=MAPGAPC4 81=MAPGAPC5 82=MAPGAPC6 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 104 83=MAPGAPC7 -102=MAPGAPC -101=MAPGAPC -100=MAPGAPC -99=MAPGAPC9 -98=RESCPSCH -57=FDEFLPDE -56=FDEFLPDE -54=FEFLPTOC -53=FDPHLPDO -52=FDPHLPDO -50=FPHLPTOC -47=MAP12GAP -46=MAP12GAP -45=MAP12GAP -44=MAP12GAP -43=MAP12GAP -42=MAP12GAP -41=MAP12GAP -40=MAP12GAP -37=HAEFPTOC -35=WPWDE3 -34=WPWDE2 -33=WPWDE1 52=DEFLPDEF3 84=MAPGAPC8 93=LREFPNDF2 97=HREFPDIF2 -117=XDEFLPD -116=XDEFLPD Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 105 -111=XEFIPTOC -110=XEFHPTO -109=XEFHPTO -108=XEFLPTO -107=XEFLPTO -66=DQPTUV1 -65=VVSPPAM1 -64=PHPVOC1 -63=H3EFPSEF -60=HCUBPTO -59=CUBPTOC1 -72=DOPPDPR1 -69=DUPPDPR1 -61=COLPTOC1 -106=MAPGAPC -105=MAPGAPC -104=MAPGAPC -103=MAPGAPC -76=MAPGAPC1 -75=MAPGAPC1 -62=SRCPTOC1 -74=DOPPDPR3 -73=DOPPDPR2 -70=DUPPDPR2 -58=UZPDIS1 -36=UEXPDIS1 14=MFADPSDE -10=LVRTPTUV -8=LVRTPTUV2 -6=LVRTPTUV3 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 106 Max diff current IB FLOAT32 0.000...80.000 Maximum phase B differential current Max diff current IC FLOAT32 0.000...80.000 Maximum phase C differential current Diff current IA FLOAT32 0.000...80.000 Differential current phase A Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 107 Positive sequence current (b) Current I2B FLOAT32 0.000...50.000 Negative sequence current (b) Max current IA3 FLOAT32 0.000...50.000 Maximum phase A current (c) Max current IB3 FLOAT32 0.000...50.000 Maximum phase B current (c) Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 108 Negative sequence voltage 49 thermal level FLOAT32 0.00...99.99 49 calculated temperature of the protected object relative to the trip level PDNSPTOC1 rat. FLOAT32 0.00...999.99 46PD ratio I2/I1 I2/I1 Frequency FLOAT32 30.00...80.00 Frequency Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 109: Non-Volatile Memory

    Up to 1024 events are stored. The stored events are visible in LHMI and WHMI only • Recorded data • Fault records (up to 128) • Maximum demands • Circuit breaker condition monitoring • Latched alarm and trip LEDs' statuses • Trip circuit lockout • Counter values • Load profile 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 110: Sensor Inputs For Currents And Voltages

    Application nominal current Sensor-rated primary current Network nominal frequency Sensor-rated voltage at the rated current in mV In this example, the value is as calculated using the equation. × 5 625 (Equation 2) GUID-13DE42A0-29C0-4FE0-B00B-1215B37E3B7B V2 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 111: Binary Input

    VT connection parameter which is always set to “WYE” type. The division ratio for ABB voltage sensors is most often 10000:1. Thus, the Division ratio parameter is usually set to “10000”. The primary voltage is proportionally divided by this division ratio.

  • Page 112: Binary Input Inversion

    (for example Input 1 filter). Table 49: Input filter parameter values Parameter Values Default Input # filter time 5...1000 ms 5 ms 3.11.2 Binary input inversion The parameter Input # invert is used to invert a binary input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 113: Oscillation Suppression

    The protection relay provides a number of binary outputs used for tripping, executing local or remote control actions of a breaker or a disconnector, and for connecting the protection relay to external annunciation equipment for indicating, signalling and recording. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 114: Power Output Contacts

    They can be arranged to trip the circuit breakers when the trip circuit supervision is not available or when external trip circuit supervision relay is provided. The power outputs are included in slot X100 of the power supply module. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 115: Double-Pole Power Outputs Po3 And Po4 With Trip Circuit Supervision In Power Supply Module

    PO1 for breaking duty. The trip circuit supervision hardware and associated functionality which can supervise the breaker coil both during closing and opening condition are also provided. Contacts PO3 and PO4 are almost always used for energizing the breaker trip coils. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 116: Dual Single-Pole High-Speed Power Outputs Hso1, Hso2 And Hso3 In Bio0007

    5...6 ms shorter than when using output contacts with conventional mechanical output relays. The high-speed power outputs have a continuous rating of 6 A. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 117: Signal Output Contacts

    3.12.2.1 Internal fault signal output IRF The internal fault signal output (change-over/form C) IRF is a single contact included in the power supply module of the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 118: Signal Outputs So1 And So2 In Power Supply Module

    Signal outputs (normally open/form A or change-over/form C) SO1 (dual parallel form C) and SO2 (single contact/form A) are part of the power supply module of the protection relay. X100 X100 GUID-83F96C39-652F-494A-A226-FD106568C228 V1 EN Figure 27: Signal outputs SO1 and SO2 in power supply module 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 119: Signal Outputs So1, So2, So3 And So4 In Bio0005

    Signal outputs SO1, SO2 and SO3 in BIO0006 The optional card BIO0006 provides the signal outputs SO1, SO2 and SO3. Signal outputs SO1 and SO2 are dual, parallel form C contacts; SO3 is a single form C contact. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 120: Rtd/Ma Inputs

    3.13.2.1 Selection of input signal type The function module inputs accept current or resistance type signals. The inputs are configured for a particular type of input type by the channel-specific Input mode setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 121: Selection Of Output Value Format

    "Ohm". When Value unit is set to “Ohm”, the linear scaling is not possible, but the default range (0…2000 Ω) can be set smaller with the Value maximum and Value minimum settings. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 122: Input Linear Scaling

    If the measured input value is outside the limits, minimum/maximum value is shown in the corresponding output. The quality of the corresponding output is set accordingly to indicate misbehavior in the RTD/mA input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 123: Self-Supervision

    AI_RANGE# and has a value in the range of 0 to 4: • 0: “normal” • 1: “high” • 2: “low” • 3: “high-high” • 4: “low-low” The range information changes and the new values are reported. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 124: Deadband Supervision

    3.13.2.8 Deadband supervision Each input has an independent deadband supervision. The deadband supervision function reports the measured value according to integrated changes over a time period. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 125 ( ) ≈ ° − ° (Equation 4) GUID-F47EF6B6-9A14-44A2-AD19-BC067E4A7D78 V3 EN Table 55: Settings for RTD analog deadband supervision Function Setting Maximum/minimum (=range) RTD analog input Value deadband Value maximum / Value minimum (=20000) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 126: Rtd Temperature Vs. Resistance

    601.75 3.13.2.10 RTD/mA input connection RTD inputs can be used with a 2-wire or 3-wire connection with common ground. When using the 3-wire connection, it is important that all three wires connecting the sensor are 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 127 Basic functions symmetrical, that is, the wires are of the same type and length. Thus the wire resistance is automatically compensated. GUID-BC4182F7-F701-4E09-AB3D-EFB48280F097 V1 EN Figure 33: Three RTD/resistance sensors connected according to the 3-wire connection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 128 Section 3 1MAC059074-MB A Basic functions GUID-2702C0B0-99CF-40D0-925C-BEC0725C0E97 V1 EN Figure 34: Three RTD/resistance sensors connected according to the 2-wire connection X130 Sensor Shunt Transducer (44 Ω) GUID-88E6BD08-06B8-4ED3-B937-4CC549697684 V1 EN Figure 35: mA wiring connection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 129: Rtd/Ma Card Variants

    Resistance and temperature sensors can be connected to the 6RTD/2mA board with 3- wire and 2-wire connections. X110 Resistor sensor RTD1 RTD2 RTD3 GUID-CEF1FA63-A641-4F5E-89A3-E1529307D198 V2 EN Figure 36: Three RTD sensors and two resistance sensors connected according to the 3-wire connection for 6RTD/2mA card 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 130 This type of card accepts one milliampere input, two inputs from RTD sensors and five inputs from VTs. The Input 1 is assigned for current measurements, inputs 2 and 3 are for RTD sensors and inputs 4 to 8 are used for measuring input data from VT. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 131 Two RTD and resistance sensors connected according to the 3-wire connection for RTD/mA card X130 Resistor sensor RTD1 RTD2 GUID-F939E7EE-B932-4002-9D27-1CEA7C595E0B V2 EN Figure 40: Two RTD and resistance sensors connected according to the 2-wire connection for RTD/mA card 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 132: Signals

    RTD input, Connectors 7-8-11c, instantaneous value AI_VAL5 FLOAT32 RTD input, Connectors 9-10-11c, instantaneous value AI_VAL6 FLOAT32 RTD input, Connectors 13-14-12c, instantaneous value AI_VAL7 FLOAT32 RTD input, Connectors 15-16-12c, instantaneous value AI_VAL8 FLOAT32 RTD input, Connectors 17-18-12c, instantaneous value 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 133: Settings

    Maximum analogue input value for mA or resistance scaling Input minimum 0...20 Minimum analogue input value for mA or resistance scaling Value unit 1=Dimensionless 1=Dimensionless Selected unit for output value format 5=Ampere 23=Degrees celsius 30=Ohm Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 134: Monitored Data

    AI_DB4 FLOAT32 -10000.0...10000 RTD input, Connectors 7-8-11c, reported value AI_RANGE4 Enum 0=normal RTD input, Connectors 1=high 7-8-11c, range 2=low 3=high-high 4=low-low AI_DB5 FLOAT32 -10000.0...10000 RTD input, Connectors 9-10-11c, reported value Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 135: Smv Function Blocks

    3.14.1 IEC 61850-9-2 LE sampled values sending SMVSENDER 3.14.1.1 Function block SMVSENDER GUID-6CB54826-9591-4688-8A23-AE49795C9E60 V1 EN Figure 42: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 136: Functionality

    The SMVRECEIVER function block is used for activating the SMV receiving functionality. 3.14.2.3 Signals Table 62: SMVRECEIVER Output signals Name Type Description INT32-UL1 IEC61850-9-2 phase 1 voltage INT32-UL2 IEC61850-9-2 phase 2 voltage INT32-UL3 IEC61850-9-2 phase 3 voltage INT32-Uo IEC61850-9-2 residual voltage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 137: Ultvtr Function Block

    The SMV Max Delay values include sampling, processing and network delay. The MINCB_OPEN input signal is supposed to be connected through a protection relay's binary input to the NC auxiliary contact of the miniature circuit breaker protecting the VT 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 138: Signals

    Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Primary voltage 0.100...440.000 0.001 20.000 Primary rated voltage Secondary voltage 60...210 Secondary rated voltage VT connection 1=Wye 2=Delta Voltage transducer measurement connection 2=Delta 3=VAB 4=VA Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 139: Monitored Data

    The RESTVTR function is used in the receiver application to perform the supervision for the sampled values of analog residual voltage and to connect the received analog residual voltage input to the application. Synchronization accuracy, sampled value frame transfer delays and missing frames are being supervised. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 140: Operation Principle

    The WARNING output is always internally active whenever the ALARM output is active. 3.14.4.4 Signals Table 66: RESTVTR Input signals Name Type Default Description INT32-UL0 IEC 61850-9-2 residual voltage Table 67: RESTVTR Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm WARNING BOOLEAN Warning 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 141: Settings

    VALID output indicates invalid status. The IN input is defined in the GOOSE configuration and can always be seen in SMT sheet. Settings The GOOSE function blocks do not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 142: Goosercv_Bin Function Block

    VALID BOOLEAN Output signal 3.15.2 GOOSERCV_DP function block 3.15.2.1 Function block GUID-63C0C3EE-1C0E-4F78-A06E-3E84F457FC98 V1 EN Figure 47: Function block 3.15.2.2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_DP function is used to connect the GOOSE double binary inputs to the application. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 143: Signals

    The GOOSERCV_MV function is used to connect the GOOSE measured value inputs to the application. 3.15.3.3 Signals Table 71: GOOSERCV_MV Output signals Name Type Description FLOAT32 Output signal VALID BOOLEAN Output signal 3.15.4 GOOSERCV_INT8 function block 3.15.4.1 Function block GUID-B4E1495B-F797-4CFF-BD19-AF023EA2D3D9 V1 EN Figure 49: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 144: Functionality

    The CL output signal indicates that the position is closed. Default value (0) is used if VALID output indicates invalid status. The OK output signal indicates that the position is neither in faulty or intermediate state. The default value (0) is used if VALID output indicates invalid status. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 145: Signals

    The ANG output passes the received GOOSE (angle) value for the application. Default value (0) is used if VALID output indicates invalid status. 3.15.6.3 Signals Table 74: GOOSERCV_CMV Output signals Name Type Description FLOAT32 Output signal (amplitude) FLOAT32 Output signal (angle) VALID BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 146: Goosercv_Enum Function Block

    BOOLEAN Output signal 3.15.8 GOOSERCV_INT32 function block 3.15.8.1 Function block GUID-61FF1ECC-507D-4B6D-8CA5-713A59F58D5C V1 EN Figure 53: Function block 3.15.8.2 Functionality The GOOSERCV_INT32 function block is used to connect GOOSE 32 bit integer inputs to the application. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 147: Signals

    The OUT output indicates quality good of the input signal. Input signals that have no quality bits set or only test bit is set, will indicate quality good status. 3.16.1.3 Signals Table 77: QTY_GOOD Input signals Name Type Default Description Input signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 148: Qty_Bad Function Block

    The OUT output indicates quality bad of the input signal. Input signals that have any other than test bit set, will indicate quality bad status. 3.16.2.3 Signals Table 79: QTY_BAD Input signals Name Type Default Description Input signal Table 80: QTY_BAD Output signals Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 149: Qty_Goose_Comm Function Block

    (1) state, the GOOSE communication is active. The value false (0) indicates communication timeout. 3.16.3.3 Signals Table 81: QTY_GOOSE_COMM Input signals Name Type Default Description Input signal Table 82: QTY_GOOSE_COMM Output signals Name Type Description COMMVALID BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 150: T_Health Function Block

    (0) is used and the ALARM is activated in the T_HEALTH function block. 3.16.4.3 Signals Table 83: T_HEALTH Input signals Name Type Default Description Input signal Table 84: T_HEALTH Output signals Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal WARNING BOOLEAN Output signal ALARM BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 151: T_F32_Int8 Function Block

    T_F32_INT8 Input signals Name Type Default Description FLOAT32 Input signal Table 86: T_F32_INT8 Output signal Name Type Description INT8 INT8 Output signal 3.16.6 T_DIR function block 3.16.6.1 Function block GUID-BD31ED40-3A32-4F65-A697-3E7344730096 V1 EN Figure 59: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 152: Functionality

    Direction forward BOOLEAN Direction backward 3.16.7 T_TCMD function block 3.16.7.1 Function block GUID-1CE485AE-2BCA-4D1E-92F5-417340F2589F V1 EN Figure 60: Function block 3.16.7.2 Functionality The T_TCMD function is used to convert enumerated input signal to Boolean output signals. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 153: Signals

    BOOLEAN Lower command 3.16.8 T_TCMD_BIN function block 3.16.8.1 Function block GUID-A5C813D8-399A-4FBC-B1A0-E62E5C423EA5 V1 EN Figure 61: Function block 3.16.8.2 Functionality The T_TCMD_BIN function is used to convert 32 bit integer input signal to Boolean output signals. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 154: Signals

    Function block 3.16.9.2 Functionality The T_BIN_TCMD function is used to convert Boolean input signals to 32 bit integer output signals. Table 95: Conversion from Boolean to integer RAISE LOWER FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 155: Signals

    Lower command Table 97: T_BIN_TCMD output signals Name Type Description INT32 Output signal 3.17 Configurable logic blocks 3.17.1 Standard configurable logic blocks 3.17.1.1 OR function block Function block GUID-A845F2F1-DCC2-40C9-8A77-893EF5694436 V1 EN Figure 63: Function blocks 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 156 Input signal 3 BOOLEAN Input signal 4 BOOLEAN Input signal 5 BOOLEAN Input signal 6 BOOLEAN Input signal 7 BOOLEAN Input signal 8 BOOLEAN Input signal 9 BOOLEAN Input signal 10 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 157 Table 102: OR6 Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal Table 103: OR20 Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 158: And Function Block

    AND has two inputs, AND6 six inputs and AND20 twenty inputs. Signals Table 104: AND Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN Input signal 1 BOOLEAN Input signal 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 159 BOOLEAN Input signal 15 BOOLEAN Input signal 16 BOOLEAN Input signal 17 BOOLEAN Input signal 18 BOOLEAN Input signal 19 BOOLEAN Input signal 20 Table 107: AND Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 160: Xor Function Block

    The output signal is TRUE if the input signals are different and FALSE if they are equal. Signals Table 110: XOR Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN Input signal 1 BOOLEAN Input signal 2 Table 111: XOR Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 161: Not Function Block

    NOT Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600. 3.17.1.5 MAX3 function block Function block GUID-5454FE1C-2947-4337-AD58-39D266E91993 V1 EN Figure 67: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 162: Min3 Function Block

    The minimum function MIN3 selects the minimum value from three analog values. Disconnected inputs and inputs whose quality is bad are ignored. If all inputs are disconnected or the quality is bad, MIN3 output value is set to 2^21. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 163: R_Trig Function Block

    TRUE. At the next execution round, the output is returned to FALSE despite the state of the input. Signals Table 118: R_TRIG Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN Input signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 164: F_Trig Function Block

    Table 120: F_TRIG Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN Input signal Table 121: F_TRIG Output signal Name Type Description BOOLEAN Output signal Settings The function does not have any parameters available in LHMI or PCM600. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 165: T_Pos_Xx Function Blocks

    T_POS_CL Input signals Name Type Default Description Double binary Input signal Table 124: T_POS_OP Input signals Name Type Default Description Double binary Input signal Table 125: T_POS_OK Input signals Name Type Default Description Double binary Input signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 166: Switchr Function Block

    GUID-63F5ED57-E6C4-40A2-821A-4814E1554663 V1 EN Figure 72: Function block Functionality SWITCHR switching block for REAL data type is operated by the CTL_SW input, selects the output value OUT between the IN1 and IN2 inputs. CTL_SW FALSE TRUE 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 167: Switchi32 Function Block

    OUT between the IN1 and IN2 inputs. Table 131: SWITCHI32 CTL_SW FALSE TRUE Signals Table 132: SWITCHI32 input signals Name Type Default Description CTL_SW BOOLEAN Control Switch INT32 Input signal 1 INT32 Input signal 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 168: Sr Function Block

    Table 134: Truth table for SR flip-flop 1) Keep state/no change Signals Table 135: SR Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN 0=False Set Q output when set BOOLEAN 0=False Resets Q output when 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 169: Rs Function Block

    Table 137: Truth table for RS flip-flop 1) Keep state/no change Signals Table 138: RS Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN 0=False Set Q output when set BOOLEAN 0=False Resets Q output when 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 170: Minimum Pulse Timer

    (in milliseconds). The timers are used for setting the minimum pulse length for example, the signal outputs. Once the input is activated, the output is set for a specific duration using the Pulse time setting. Both timers use the same setting parameter. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 171 62TP Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Pulse time 0...60000 Minimum pulse time Technical revision history Table 144: 62TP Technical revision history Technical revision Change Outputs now visible in menu Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 172: Minimum Pulse Timer 62Tps

    A = Trip pulse is shorter than Cold load time setting, B = Trip pulse is longer than Cold load time setting Signals Table 145: 62TPS Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN 0=False Input 1 BOOLEAN 0=False Input 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 173: Minimum Pulse Timer 62Tpm

    The Minimum minute pulse timer function 62TPM contains two independent timers. The function has a settable pulse length (in minutes). The timers are used for setting the minimum pulse length for example, the signal outputs. Once the input is activated, the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 174: Pulse Timer Function Block 62Pt

    Default Description Cold load time 0...300 Cold load time 3.17.3 Pulse timer function block 62PT 3.17.3.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Pulse timer (8 pcs) PTGAPC 62PT 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 175: Function Block

    BOOLEAN 0=False Input 2 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 3 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 4 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 5 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 6 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 7 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 8 status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 176: Settings

    ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 3.17.4 Time delay off (8 pcs) 62TOF 3.17.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Time delay off (8 pcs) TOFGAPC 62TOF 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 177: Function Block

    62TOF Input signals Name Type Default Description BOOLEAN 0=False Input 1 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 2 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 3 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 4 status BOOLEAN 0=False Input 5 status Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 178: Settings

    Off delay time 7 0...3600000 Off delay time Off delay time 8 0...3600000 Off delay time 3.17.4.6 Technical data Table 159: 62TOF Technical data Characteristic Value Operate time accuracy ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 179: Time Delay On (8 Pcs) 62Ton

    Once the input is activated, the output is set after the time set by the On delay time setting has elapsed. dt = On delay time GUID-B74EE764-8B2E-4FBE-8CE7-779F6B739A11 V1 EN Figure 87: Timer operation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 180: Signals

    On delay time On delay time 5 0...3600000 On delay time On delay time 6 0...3600000 On delay time On delay time 7 0...3600000 On delay time On delay time 8 0...3600000 On delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 181: Technical Data

    S# or R# inputs, respectively. The function contains eight independent set-reset flip-flop latches where the SET input has the higher priority over the RESET input. The status of each Q# output is retained in the nonvolatile memory. The 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 182: Signals

    0=False Set Q8 output when set BOOLEAN 0=False Resets Q8 output when set Table 166: SR Output signals Name Type Description BOOLEAN Q1 status BOOLEAN Q2 status BOOLEAN Q3 status Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 183: Settings

    Reset Q7 0=Cancel 0=Cancel Resets Q7 output when set 1=Reset Reset Q8 0=Cancel 0=Cancel Resets Q8 output when set 1=Reset 3.17.7 Move (8 pcs) MV 3.17.7.1 Function block GUID-3BBB09B3-6115-4E5D-912A-980A52B44016 V1 EN Figure 89: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 184: Functionality

    Settings Table 170: MV Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Description MVGAPC1 Q1 Output description Description MVGAPC1 Q2 Output description Description MVGAPC1 Q3 Output description Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 185: Integer Value Move Mvi4

    The integer input range is from -2147483648 to 2147483647. 3.17.8.3 Signals Table 171: MVI4 Input signals Name Type Default Description INT32 Integer input value 1 INT32 Integer input value 2 INT32 Integer input value 3 INT32 Integer input value 4 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 186: Analog Value Scaling Sca4

    The scaled value is available on the AOn_VALUE output. Analog input range is from -10000.0 to 10000.0. Analog output range is from -2000000.0 to 2000000.0. If the value of the AIn_VALUE input exceeds the analog input range, AOn_VALUE is set to 0.0. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 187: Signals

    Scale ratio 2 0.001...1000.000 0.001 1.000 Scale ratio for analog value 2 Scale ratio 3 0.001...1000.000 0.001 1.000 Scale ratio for analog value 3 Scale ratio 4 0.001...1000.000 0.001 1.000 Scale ratio for analog value 4 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 188: Local/Remote Control Function Block Control

    FALSE TRUE LOCAL = TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE STATION = TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE REMOTE = TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE ALL = TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE OFF = TRUE 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 189: L/R Control Access

    When station authority level “L,R” is used, control access can be selected using R/L button or CONTROL function block. IEC 61850 data object CTRL.LLN0.LocSta and CONTROL function block inputs CTRL_STA and CTRL_ALL are not applicable for this station authority level. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 190: Station Authority Level "L,R,L+R

    REMOTE LOCAL IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 IEC 61850 remote remote remote remote remote remote remote remote GUID-10D77281-14C3-4066-B641-98A6F8904E39 V1 EN Figure 94: Station authority is “L,R,L+R” 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 191: Station Authority Level "L,S,R

    Station authority level “L,S,R” adds station control access. In this level IEC 61850 command originator category validation is performed to distinguish control commands with IEC 61850 command originator category set to “Remote” or “Station”. There is no multilevel access. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 192 Remote TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE 1) Station client reserves the control operating by writing controllable point LocSta. 2) Client IEC 61850 command originator category is remote. 3) Client IEC 61850 command originator category is station. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 193: Station Authority Level "L,S,S+R,L+S,L+S+R

    When station authority level “L,S,S+R,L+S,L+S+R” is used, control access can be selected using R/L button or CONTROL function block. IEC 61850 data object CTRL.LLN0.LocSta and CONTROL function block input CTRL_STA are applicable for this station authority level. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 194 1) Station client reserves the control operating by writing controllable point LocSta. 2) Client IEC61850 command originator category is remote. 3) Client IEC61850 command originator category is station. 4) CTRL_STA unconnected in application configuration. Station client reserves the control operating by writing controllable point LocSta. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 195: Signals

    1=LR key LR control through LR key or binary input 2=Binary input Station authority 1=L,R 1=L,R Control command originator category usage 2=L,S,R 3=L,R,L+R 4=L,S,S+R,L+S,L +S+R Control mode 1=Enable 1=Enable Enabling and disabling control 2=Blocked 5=Disable 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 196: Monitored Data

    22=Open not enabled 23=Device in IRF 24=Already close 25=Wrong client 26=RL station allowed 27=RL change 28=Maximum 3 seconds unbalance voltage LR state Enum 0=Disable LR state monitoring for PCM 1=Local 2=Remote 3=Station 4=L+R 5=L+S 6=L+S+R 7=S+R 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 197: Generic Control Point (16 Pcs) Spc

    Description setting. If Operation mode is "Toggle", the output state is toggled for every control request received. If Operation mode is "Pulsed", the output pulse of a preset duration (the Pulse length setting) is generated for every control request received. The 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 198: Signals

    Input of control point 4 BOOLEAN 0=False Input of control point 5 BOOLEAN 0=False Input of control point 6 BOOLEAN 0=False Input of control point 7 BOOLEAN 0=False Input of control point 8 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 199 Output 8 status BOOLEAN Output 9 status BOOLEAN Output 10 status BOOLEAN Output 11 status BOOLEAN Output 12 status BOOLEAN Output 13 status BOOLEAN Output 14 status BOOLEAN Output 15 status BOOLEAN Output 16 status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 200: Settings

    Description SPCGAPC1 Generic control point description Output 6 Operation mode 0=Pulsed -1=Off Operation mode for generic control point 1=Toggle -1=Off Pulse length 10...3600000 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 201 Operation mode 0=Pulsed -1=Off Operation mode for generic control point 1=Toggle -1=Off Pulse length 10...3600000 1000 Pulse length for pulsed operation mode Description SPCGAPC1 Generic control point description Output 14 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 202: Generic Up-Down Counter Ctr

    The counter value output can be reset to zero or preset to some other value if required. The function provides up-count and down-count status outputs, which specify the relation of the counter value to a loaded preset value and to zero respectively. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 203: Operation Principle

    Counter load value. DNCNT_STS is set to "True" when the CNT_VAL is zero. The RESET input is used for resetting the function. When this input is set to "True" or when Reset counter is set to "reset", the CNT_VAL is forced to zero. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 204: Signals

    3.18 Factory settings restoration In case of configuration data loss or any other file system error that prevents the protection relay from working properly, the whole file system can be restored to the original factory 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 205: Load Profile Record Loadprof

    Phase-to-phase AB voltage Phase-to-phase BC voltage Phase-to-phase CA voltage Phase-to-ground A voltage Phase-to-ground B voltage Phase-to-ground C voltage VAB2 Phase-to-phase AB voltage, B side VBC2 Phase-to-phase BC voltage, B side Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 206 Reactive power, phase A, B side Reactive power, phase B, B side Reactive power, phase C, B side PFA2 Power factor, phase A, B side PFB2 Power factor, phase B, B side PFC2 Power factor, phase C, B side 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 207: Length Of Record

    C:\LDP\COMTRADE folder. The load profile record consists of two COMTRADE file types: the configuration file (.CFG) and the data file (.DAT). The file name is same for both file types. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 208: Clearing Of Record

    COMTRADE configuration file is changed. Also, if data source for selected quantity is removed, for example, with ACT, the load profile recorder stops recording and previously collected data are cleared. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 209: Configuration

    The levels for MEM_WARN and MEM_ALARM are set by two parameters Mem.warn level and Mem. Alarm level. 3.19.3 Signals Table 198: LOADPROF Output signals Name Type Description MEM_WARN BOOLEAN Recording memory warning status MEM_ALARM BOOLEAN Recording memory alarm status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 210: Settings

    Section 3 1MAC059074-MB A Basic functions 3.19.4 Settings 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 211 31=SC 32=PA 33=PB 34=PC 35=QA 36=QB 37=QC 38=PFA 39=PFB 40=PFC 41=SA2 42=SB2 43=SC2 44=PA2 45=PB2 46=PC2 47=QA2 48=QB2 49=QC2 50=PFA2 51=PFB2 52=PFC2 Mem. warning level 0...100 Set memory warning level Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 212: Monitored Data

    ETHERNET channel supervision function blocks 3.20.1 Redundant Ethernet channel supervision RCHLCCH 3.20.1.1 Function block GUID-CD9E923F-7B50-45C0-AE3E-39F576E01906 V1 EN Figure 102: Function block 3.20.1.2 Functionality Redundant Ethernet channel supervision RCHLCCH represents LAN A and LAN B redundant Ethernet channels. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 213: Signals

    The "None" mode is used with normal and Self- healing Ethernet topologies. 3.20.1.5 Monitored data Monitored data is available in four locations. • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Activity/CHLIV_A • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Activity/REDCHLIV_B • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Link statuses/LNKLIV_A • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Link statuses/REDLNKLIV_B 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 214: Ethernet Channel Supervision Schlcch

    "True" if the port is receiving Ethernet Redundant mode frames. Valid only when is set to "None" or port is not one of the redundant ports (LAN A or LAN B). LNK2LIV Link status of Ethernet port X2/LAN. Down 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 215: Settings

    “HSR” or “PRP” and port is one of the redundant ports (LAN A or LAN B). 3.20.2.5 Monitored data Monitored data is available in six locations. • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Activity/CH1LIV • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Activity/CH2LIV • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Activity/CH3LIV • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Link statuses/LNK1LIV • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Link statuses/LNK2LIV • Monitoring/Communication/Ethernet/Link statuses/LNK3LIV 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 217: Section 4 Protection Functions

    The function picks up when the current exceeds the set limit. The trip time characteristics for low stage 51P and high stage 50P can be selected to be either definite time (DT) or 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 218: Operation Principle

    The protection relay does not accept the Pickup value or Pickup value Mult setting if the product of these settings exceeds the Pickup value setting range. The pickup value multiplication is normally done when the inrush detection function (INR) is connected to the ENA_MULT input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 219 The functionality of the timer in the reset state depends on the combination of the Operating curve type, Type of reset curve and Reset delay time settings. When the DT characteristic is selected, the reset timer runs until the set 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 220 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 221: Measurement Modes

    IEEE C37.112 and six with the IEC 60255-3 standard. Two curves follow the special characteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD. In addition to this, a user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable. The DT characteristics can be chosen by selecting the Operating curve type values "ANSI Def.
  • Page 222 Reset time characteristics supported by different stages Reset curve type Note (1) Immediate Available for all reset time curves (2) Def time reset Available for all reset time curves (3) Inverse reset Available only for ANSI and user programmable curves 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 223: Application

    Low 51P • High 50P • Instantaneous 50P-3 51P is used for overcurrent protection. The function contains several types of time-delay characteristics. 50P and 50P-3 are used for fast clearance of very high overcurrent situations. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 224 The overcurrent and contact based circuit breaker failure protection 50BF is used to confirm the protection scheme in case of circuit breaker malfunction. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 225 With blocking channels, the operating time of the protection can be drastically shortened if compared to the simple time selective protection. In addition to the busbar protection, this blocking principle is applicable for the protection of transformer 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 226 100 ms, which reduces the fault current to a half. After this the incoming feeder relay unit of the faulted bus section trips the breaker in approximately 250 ms (relaying time), which becomes the total fault clearing time in this case. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 227 This is important in order to maintain selectivity and also for the protection to operate without additional time delays. For additional information about available measuring modes and current transformer requirements, see the Measurement modes chapter in this manual. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 228 In this way, the pickup value is multiplied with a predefined setting during the inrush situation and nuisance tripping can be avoided. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 229 All the points mentioned earlier, required to define the overcurrent protection parameters, can be expressed simultaneously in a coordination plan. In Figure 110, the coordination plan shows an example of operation characteristics in the LV-side incoming feeder and radial outgoing feeder. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 230: Signals

    50P Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for current multiplier 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 231 Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Table 215: 50P Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Table 216: 50P-3 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 232: Settings

    2=2 out of 3 3=3 out of 3 Curve parameter A 0.0086...120.0000 28.2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0.0000...0.7120 0.1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 233 12=IEC Ext Inv 15=IEC DT 17=Programmable Table 222: 50P Group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Type of reset curve 1=Immediate 1=Immediate Selection of reset curve type 2=Def time reset 3=Inverse reset 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 234 Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Num of pickup phases 1=1 out of 3 1=1 out of 3 Number of phases required for trip activation 2=2 out of 3 3=3 out of 3 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 235: Monitored Data

    1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled Table 230: 50P-3 Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time 50P-3 Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 236: Technical Data

    1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact Pickup value = 2.5 × I Pickup value multiples in range of 1.5...20 3) Maximum 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 237: Technical Revision History

    Three-phase directional overcurrent protection 67/51P, 67/50P 4.1.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase directional overcurrent DPHLPDOC 3I> -> 67/51P protection, low stage Three-phase directional overcurrent DPHHPDOC 3I>> -> 67/50P protection, high stage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 238: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 67/51P, 67/50P can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 239 The directional operation can be selected with the Directional mode setting. The user can select either "Non-directional", "Forward" or "Reverse" operation. By setting the value of Allow Non Dir to "True", the non-directional operation is allowed when the directional information is invalid. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 240 When the voltage is below Min trip voltage and hysteresis and the fictive voltage is unusable, the fault direction cannot be determined. The fictive voltage can be unusable for two reasons: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 241 Pickup value, the level detector reports the exceeding of the value to the phase selection logic. If the ENA_MULT input is active, the Pickup value setting is multiplied by the Pickup value Mult setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 242 Operating curve type setting, the time characteristics are according to DT or IDMT. When the operation timer has reached the value of Trip delay time in the DT mode or the maximum value defined by the inverse time curve, the TRIP output is activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 243 The influence of the BLOCK signal activation is preselected with the global setting Blocking mode. The Blocking mode setting has three blocking methods. In the "Freeze timers" mode, the operation timer is frozen to the prevailing value, but the TRIP output is not deactivated 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 244: Measurement Modes

    Characteristic angle setting that has been rotated 180 degrees. Relay characteristic angle (RCA) is set positive if the operating current lags the polarizing quantity and negative if the operating current leads the polarizing quantity. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 245 The ANGLE_X is in the forward sector 1 = forward The ANGLE_X is in the reverse sector 2 = backward (The ANGLE_X is in both forward and reverse 3 = both sectors, that is, when the sectors are overlapping) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 246 In an example case of the phasors in a single-phase ground fault where the faulted phase is phase A, the angle difference between the polarizing quantity V and operating quantity is marked as φ. In the self-polarization method, there is no need to rotate the polarizing quantity. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 247 B and C, the angle difference is measured between the polarizing quantity V operating quantity I in the self-polarizing method. GUID-7CBA5DD4-CABC-4365-A4E3-4B5F73527ECA-ANSI V1 EN Figure 117: Two-phase short circuit, short circuit is between phases B and C 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 248 φ in an example of the phasors in a single-phase ground fault where the faulted phase is phase A. The polarizing quantity is rotated with 90 degrees. The characteristic angle is assumed to be ~ 0 degrees. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 249 In an example of the phasors in a two-phase short-circuit failure where the fault is between the phases B and C, the angle difference is measured between the polarizing quantity V and operating quantity I marked as φ. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 250 The equations are valid when network rotating direction is counter- clockwise, that is, ABC. If the network rotating direction is reversed, 180 degrees is added to the calculated angle difference. This is done automatically with a system parameter Phase rotation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 251 ANGLE A ϕ − ϕ − ϕ GUID-7BCB8B12-2484-49AD-92A3-839A39BE5D01-ANSI V1 EN ANGLE B ϕ − ϕ − ϕ − GUID-E4D7718C-A73E-46C6-89A6-8EEFDBEAB046-ANSI V1 EN ANGLE C ϕ − ϕ − ϕ GUID-6BCAA5DE-778A-4623-B196-2433045A5B2A-ANSI V1 EN Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 252 When the phase-to-ground voltages are used as the polarizing method, the network rotating direction change has no effect on the direction calculation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 253: Application

    67/51P, 67/50P is used. This can also be done in the closed ring networks and radial networks with the generation connected to the remote in the system thus giving fault current infeed in reverse direction. Directional overcurrent protection relays are also 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 254 67/51P, 67/50P can be used for parallel operating transformer applications. In these applications, there is a possibility that the fault current can also be fed from the LV-side up to the HV-side. Therefore, the transformer is also equipped with directional overcurrent protection. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 255 Directional overcurrent functions can be used in closed ring applications. The arrows define the operating direction of the directional functionality. The double arrows define the non-directional functionality where faults can be detected in both directions. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 256: Signals

    SIGNAL Positive phase sequence voltage SIGNAL Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for current multiplier NON_DIR BOOLEAN 0=False Forces protection to non-directional 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 257: Settings

    Pickup value Pickup value mult 0.8...10.0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Time multiplier 0.05...15.00 0.01 1.00 Time multiplier in IEC/ANSI IDMT curves Trip delay time 40...200000 Trip delay time Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 258 Selection of reset curve type 2=Def time reset 3=Inverse reset Voltage Mem time 0...3000 Voltage memory time Pol quantity 1=Self pol 5=Cross pol Reference quantity used to determine fault 4=Neg. seq. volt. direction 5=Cross pol 7=Pos. seq. volt. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 259 Pickup value Pickup value mult 0.8...10.0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Directional mode 1=Non-directional 2=Forward Directional mode 2=Forward 3=Reverse Time multiplier 0.05...15.00 0.01 1.00 Time multiplier in IEC/ANSI IDMT curves Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 260 Curve parameter E 0.0...1.0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Num of pickup phases 1=1 out of 3 1=1 out of 3 Number of phases required for trip activation 2=2 out of 3 3=3 out of 3 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 261: Monitored Data

    Direction phase B 1=forward 2=backward -1=both DIR_C Enum 0=unknown Direction phase C 1=forward 2=backward -1=both ANGLE_A FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Calculated angle difference, Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Calculated angle difference, Phase B Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 262 Phase A ANGLE_B FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Calculated angle difference, Phase B ANGLE_C FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Calculated angle difference, Phase C VMEM_USED BOOLEAN 0=False Voltage memory in use status 1=True 67/50P Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 263: Technical Data

    Table 257: 67/50P Technical revision history Technical revision Change Added a new input NON_DIR Time Step value changed from 0.05 to 0.01 for the multiplier setting. Monitored data VMEM_USED indicating voltage memory use. Internal improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 264: Three-Phase Voltage-Dependent Overcurrent Protection 51V

    The function picks up when the input phase current exceeds a limit which is dynamically calculated based on the measured terminal voltages. The operating characteristics can be selected to be either inverse definite minimum time IDMT or definite time DT. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 265: Operation Principle

    The calculated effective pickup value per phase, EFF_ST_VAL_A, EFF_ST_VAL_B, EFF_ST_VAL_C, is available in the Monitored data view and is used by the Level detector module. All three phase-to-phase voltages should be available for the function to operate properly. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 266 In this example, V represents the measured input voltage. This voltage step characteristic is graphically represented in Figure. Effective pickup value Pickup value Pickup value low Voltage high limit =   Voltage low limit GUID-D4FB20C7-61E4-4BF0-9F3F-B86FE500FFAE V1 EN Figure 128: Effective pickup value for voltage step characteristic 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 267 Here V represents the measured input voltage. The voltage slope characteristic is graphically represented. Starting current Pickup value Pickup value low Voltage Voltage   low limit high limit GUID-E3667B8C-7352-4970-BE53-56EA702DAA47 V1 EN Figure 129: Effective pickup value or voltage slope characteristic 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 268 If the measured value exceeds the calculated effective pickup value, the Level detector reports the exceeding value to the phase selection logic. If the ENA_MULT input is active, the effective pickup value is multiplied by the Pickup value Mult setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 269 IDMT operating curves. If another operating curve type is selected, an immediate reset occurs during the drop-off situation. The Time multiplier is used for scaling the IDMT trip and reset times. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 270: Application

    Two voltage control characteristics, voltage step and voltage slope, are available in 51V. The choice is made based on the system conditions and the level of protection to be provided. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 271: Signals

    Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for current multiplier ENA_LOW_LIM BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for voltage dependent lower pickup value Table 260: 51V Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 272: Settings

    1=1 out of 3 Number of phases required for trip activation 2=2 out of 3 3=3 out of 3 Curve parameter A 0.0086...120.0000 28.2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 273: Monitored Data

    Ratio of pickup time / trip time EFF_ST_VAL_A FLOAT32 0.00...50.00 Effective pickup value for phase A EFF_ST_VAL_B FLOAT32 0.00...50.00 Effective pickup value for phase B EFF_ST_VAL_C FLOAT32 0.00...50.00 Effective pickup value for phase C Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 274: Technical Data

    Three-phase thermal protection for feeders, cables and distribution transformers 49F 4.1.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase thermal protection for T1PTTR 3Ith>F feeders, cables and distribution transformers 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 275: Function Block

    The function uses ambient temperature which can be measured locally or remotely. Local measurement is done by the protection relay. Remote measurement uses analog GOOSE to connect AMB_TEMP input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 276 Current values with the corresponding conductor temperatures are given in cable manuals. These values are given for conditions such as ground 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 277 TRIP output is activated and is not reset until the device temperature has cooled down below the set value of the Reclose temperature setting. The Maximum temperature value must be set at least two degrees above the set value of Reclose temperature. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 278: Application

    The lines and cables in the power system are constructed for a certain maximum load current level. If the current exceeds this level, the losses will be higher than expected. As a consequence, the temperature of the conductors will increase. If the temperature of the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 279: Signals

    AMB_TEMP FLOAT32 The ambient temperature used in the calculation Table 268: 49F Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup ALARM BOOLEAN Thermal Alarm BLK_CLOSE BOOLEAN Thermal overload indicator. To inhibite reclose. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 280: Settings

    °C The calculated temperature of the protected object TEMP_RL FLOAT32 0.00...99.99 The calculated temperature of the protected object relative to the trip level T_TRIP INT32 0...60000 Estimated time to trip Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 281: Technical Data

    Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 4.1.5 Three-phase thermal overload protection, two time constants 4.1.5.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase thermal overload T2PTTR 3Ith>T/G/C protection, two time constants 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 282: Function Block

    Remote measurement uses analog GOOSE to connect AMB_TEMP input. If the quality of remotely measured temperature is invalid or communication channel fails the function uses ambient temperature set in Env temperature Set. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 283 The Temperature rise setting is used when the value of the reference temperature rise corresponds to the Current reference value. The temperature values with the corresponding transformer load currents are usually given by transformer manufacturers. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 284 . The higher the value of the Weighting factor p setting, the larger is the share of the steep part of the heating curve. When Weighting factor p =1, only Short- time constant is used. When Weighting factor p = 0, only Long time constant is used. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 285 AMB_TEMP input. The Env temperature Set setting is also used when the ambient temperature measurement connected to 49T is set to “Not in use” in the X130 (RTD) function. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 286: Application

    During stressed situations in power systems, it is required to overload the transformers for a limited time without any risks. The thermal overload protection provides information and makes temporary overloading of transformers possible. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 287 Weighting factor p setting is set to zero and the time constant value is set to the value of the Long time constant setting. The thermal image corresponds to the one time constant model in that case. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 288: Signals

    Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode AMB_TEMP FLOAT32 The ambient temperature used in the calculation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 289: Settings

    Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Table 282: 49T Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Initial temperature, 0.0...100.0 80.0 Temperature raise at startup percent value 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 290: Monitored Data

    ±2.0% of the theoretical value or ±0.50 s Trip time accuracy 1) Overload current > 1.2 x Trip level temperature 4.1.5.10 Technical revision history Table 285: 49T Technical revision history Technical revision Change Added the AMB_TEMP input Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 291: Motor Load Jam Protection 51Lr

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 51LR can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 292 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 293: Application

    51LR Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Pickup value 0.10...10.00 0.01 2.50 Pickup value Trip delay time 100...120000 2000 Trip delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 294: Monitored Data

    Retardation time <35 ms Trip time accuracy in definite time mode ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 4.1.6.10 Technical revision history Table 292: 51LR Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 295: Loss Of Load Supervision 37M

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 37M can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 296: Application

    The minimum load current can be determined by studying the characteristics of the connected load. When the current drawn by the motor is less than the minimum load current drawn, it can be inferred that the motor 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 297: Signals

    Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Pickup value low 0.01...0.50 0.01 0.10 Current setting/Pickup value low Pickup value high 0.01...1.00 0.01 0.50 Current setting/Pickup value high Trip delay time 400...600000 2000 Trip delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 298: Monitored Data

    Retardation time <35 ms Trip time accuracy in definite time mode ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 4.1.7.10 Technical revision history Table 300: 37M Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 299: Loss Of Phase 37

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 37 can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 300 The time characteristic is according to DT. When the operation timer has reached the value set by Trip delay time, the TRIP output and the phase-specific TRIP_X output are activated. If the fault disappears before the module trips, the reset timer is activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 301: Application

    In case of undercurrent-based motor protection, see the Loss of load protection. 4.1.8.6 Signals Table 301: 37 Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase Bcurrent SIGNAL Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block all binary outputs by resetting timers 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 302: Settings

    Operation mode 1=Three Phase 1=Three Phase Number of phases needed to pickup 2=Single Phase Table 305: 37 Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 303: Monitored Data

    ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 4.1.9 Thermal overload protection for motors 49M 4.1.9.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Thermal overload protection for motors MPTTR 3Ith>M 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 304: Function Block

    Remote measurement uses analog GOOSE to connect AMB_TEMP input. If the quality of remotely measured temperature is invalid or communication channel fails the function uses ambient temperature set in Env temperature Set. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 305 FLC is calculated based on the ambient temperature taken as an input through the Env temperature Set setting. When the Env temperature mode setting is on "Use input" mode, the internal FLC is calculated from temperature data available through resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) using the AMB_TEMP input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 306       − τ   θ  + × × − ×     × ×        (Equation 17) GUID-9C893D3E-7CAF-4EA6-B92D-C914288D7CFC V2 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 307 GUID-A19F9DF2-2F04-401F-AE7A-6CE55F88EB1D V2 EN Figure 143: Thermal behavior The required overload factor and negative sequence current heating effect factor are set by the values of the Overload factor and Negative Seq factor settings. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 308 BLK_RESTART output is activated. The time for the next possible motor start-up is available through the monitored data view from the T_ENARESTART output. The T_ENARESTART output estimates the time for the BLK_RESTART deactivation considering as if the motor is stopped. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 309 12 percent of Current reference or the thermal content drops below 100 percent. The activation of the BLOCK input blocks the ALARM, BLK_RESTART and TRIP outputs. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 310 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 3840 1920 GUID-F3D1E6D3-86E9-4C0A-BD43-350003A07292 V1 EN Figure 144: Trip curves when no prior load and p=20...100 %. Overload factor = 1.05. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 311 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 3840 1920 160 320 480 640 GUID-44A67C51-E35D-4335-BDBD-5CD0D3F41EF1 V1 EN Figure 145: Trip curves at prior load 1 x FLC and p=100 %, Overload factor = 1.05. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 312 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 3840 1920 GUID-5CB18A7C-54FC-4836-9049-0CE926F35ADF V1 EN Figure 146: Trip curves at prior load 1 x FLC and p=50 %. Overload factor = 1.05. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 313: Application

    50 percent, which will properly distinguish between short-time thermal stress and long-time thermal history. After a short period of thermal stress, for example a motor start-up, the thermal level starts to decrease quite sharply, simulating the leveling 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 314 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 315 The influence of Weighting factor p at prior load 1xFLC, timeconstant = 640 s, and Overload factor = 1.05 Setting the overload factor The value of Overload factor defines the highest permissible continuous load. The recommended value is 1.05. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 316 For example, if the rated current of a motor is 230 A, start-up current is 5.7 x I Negative Seq factor = (Equation 21) GUID-DF682702-E6B1-4814-8B2E-31C28F3A03DF V1 EN Setting the thermal restart level The restart disable level can be calculated as follows: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 317: Signals

    Signal for indicating the need for emergency start AMB_TEMP FLOAT32 The ambient temperature used in the calculation Table 311: 49M Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip ALARM BOOLEAN Thermal Alarm BLK_RESTART BOOLEAN Thermal overload indicator, to inhibit restart 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 318: Settings

    49M Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Current reference 0.30...2.00 0.01 1.00 The load current leading to Temperature raise temperature Initial thermal Val 0.0...100.0 74.0 Initial thermal level of the motor 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 319: Monitored Data

    Current measurement: ±1.5% of the set value or ±0.002 × I (at currents in the range of 0.01...4.00 × ±2.0% of the theoretical value or ±0.50 s Trip time accuracy 1) Overload current > 1.2 × Operate level temperature 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 320: Technical Revision History

    BLOCK PICKUP BLOCK PICKUP ENA_MULT ENA_MULT ENA_MULT GUID-7EBE9C0C-3933-49AD-90BB-C4DF391547D6 V1 EN Figure 148: Function block 4.2.1.3 Functionality The non-directional ground-fault protection function 51N, 51G, 50N, 50G, 50N-3, 50G-3 is used as non-directional ground-fault protection for feeders. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 321: Operation Principle

    The protection relay does not accept the Pickup value or Pickup value Mult setting if the product of these settings exceeds the Pickup value setting range. The pickup value multiplication is normally done when the inrush detection function (INR) is connected to the ENA_MULT input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 322 The value is available in the monitored data view. Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function. The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting in Configuration/System/Blocking 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 323: Measurement Modes

    IEEE C37.112 and six with the IEC 60255-3 standard. Two curves follow the special characteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD. In addition to this, a user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable. The user can choose the DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values "ANSI...
  • Page 324 Reset curve type 51N, 51G 50N, 50G Note (1) Immediate Available for all reset time curves (2) Def time reset Available for all reset time curves (3) Inverse reset Available only for ANSI and user programmable curves 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 325: Application

    Enable signal for current multiplier Table 322: 50N,50G Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Ground current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for current multiplier 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 326 Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Table 325: 50N,50G Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup Table 326: 50N-3,50G-3 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 327: Settings

    Parameter B for customer programmable curve Curve parameter C 0.02...2.00 2.00 Parameter C for customer programmable curve Curve parameter D 0.46...30.00 29.10 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0.0...1.0 Parameter E for customer programmable curve 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 328 Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Curve parameter A 0.0086...120.0000 28.2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0.0000...0.7120 0.1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 329 Table 337: 50N-3,50G-3 Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time IG/I0 signal Sel 1=Measured IG 1=Measured IG Measured IG or calculated I0 2=Calculated I0 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 330: Monitored Data

    1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled Table 340: 50N-3,50G-3 Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time 50N-3,50G-3 Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 331: Technical Data

    Pickup value step changed to 0.005 Added a setting parameter for the "Measured IG" or "Calculated I0" selection Time Step value changed from 0.05 to 0.01 for the multiplier setting Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 332: Directional Ground-Fault Protection 67/51N, 67/50N

    The function contains a blocking functionality. It is possible to block function outputs, timers or the function itself, if desired. 4.2.2.4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 333 CT and VT ratios entered in Residual current IG: Configuration/Analog inputs/Current (IG,CT): 100 A : 1 A. The Residual voltage VG: Configuration/Analog inputs/Voltage (VG,VT): 11.547 kV : 100 V. The Pickup value 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 334 If Pol quantity is set to "Zero. seq. volt", the residual current and residual voltage are used for directional calculation. If Pol quantity is set to "Neg. seq. volt", the negative sequence current and negative sequence voltage are used for directional calculation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 335 When the residual voltage is used as the polarizing method, the network rotating direction change has no effect on the direction calculation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 336 Directional ground-fault characteristics section in this manual. For definitions of different directional ground-fault characteristics, refer to general function block features information. The directional calculation module calculates several values which are presented in the monitored data. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 337 "Inverse reset", the reset time depends on the current during the drop-off situation. The PICKUP output is deactivated when the reset timer has elapsed. The "Inverse reset" selection is only supported with ANSI or user programmable types of the IDMT operating curves. If another operating 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 338: Directional Ground-Fault Principles

    The Characteristic angle setting, also known as Relay Characteristic Angle (RCA), Relay Base Angle or Maximum Torque Angle (MTA), is used in the "Phase angle" mode to turn the directional characteristic if the expected fault current angle does not coincide with the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 339 Figure 152: Definition of the relay characteristic angle, RCA=0 degrees in a compensated network Example 2 The "Phase angle" mode is selected, solidly grounded network (φRCA = +60 deg) => Characteristic angle = +60 deg 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 340 Figure 153: Definition of the relay characteristic angle, RCA=+60 degrees in a solidly grounded network Example 3 The "Phase angle" mode is selected, isolated network (φRCA = -90 deg) => Characteristic angle = -90 deg 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 341 Min reverse angle or Max reverse angle. Figure 155 illustrates a simplified equivalent circuit for an ungrounded network with a ground fault in phase C. For definitions of different directional ground-fault characteristics, see Directional ground-fault principles. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 342 0 degrees and the operation criteria to "IoCos" or "Phase angle". Figure 156 illustrates a simplified equivalent circuit for a compensated network with a ground fault in phase C. ΣI ΣI ΣI ΣI A070444-ANSI V1 EN Figure 156: Ground-fault situation in a compensated network 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 343 Directional mode is set to "Reverse"). The Max forward angle setting should be set to cover the possible measurement inaccuracies of current and voltage transformers; a typical value is 80 degrees (Max reverse angle in case Directional mode is set to "Reverse"). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 344: Measurement Modes

    "Peak-to-Peak". The measurement mode is selected with the Measurement mode setting. Table 348: Measurement modes supported by 67/51N, 67/50N stages Measurement mode 67/51N 67/50N Peak-to-Peak For a detailed description of the measurement modes, see the Measurement modes section in this manual. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 345: Timer Characteristics

    IEEE C37.112 and six with the IEC 60255-3 standard. Two curves follow the special characteristics of ABB praxis and are referred to as RI and RD. In addition to this, a user programmable curve can be used if none of the standard curves are applicable. The user can choose the DT characteristic by selecting the Operating curve type values "ANSI...

  • Page 346: Directional Ground-Fault Characteristics

    Characteristic angle setting (180 degrees phase shift) . The relay characteristic angle (RCA) is set to positive if the operating current lags the polarizing quantity. It is set to negative if it leads the polarizing quantity. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 347 Angle between the polarizing and operating quantity 2 = backward is in the reverse sector. Angle between the polarizing and operating quantity 3 = both is in both the forward and the reverse sectors, that is, the sectors are overlapping. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 348 FAULT_DIR and DIRECTION outputs are set to 0 = unknown, except when the Allow non dir setting is "True". In that case, the function is allowed to operate in the directional mode as non-directional, since the directional information is invalid. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 349 Operating characteristic Iosin(φ) in forward fault The operating sector is limited by angle correction, that is, the operating sector is 180 degrees - 2*(angle correction). Example 2. Iosin(φ) criterion selected, reverse-type fault => FAULT_DIR = 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 350 = -90 deg IGsin Min operating current Forward Backward operating zone operating zone GUID-20659C27-4886-497F-82E3-6EE27C8B9984 V1 EN Figure 160: Operating characteristic Iosin(φ) in reverse fault Example 3. Iocos(φ) criterion selected, forward-type fault => FAULT_DIR = 1 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 351 IGcos Correction angle non-tripping zone Min operating current Backward tripping zone GUID-5D6DC72B-7B8F-4B8B-B345-767CC1302BC2 V1 EN Figure 161: Operating characteristic Iocos(φ) in forward fault Example 4. Iocos(φ) criterion selected, reverse-type fault => FAULT_DIR = 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 352 70 degrees at the fixed sector side. This makes the protection more selective, which means that the phase angle measurement errors do not cause faulty operation. There is no sector rounding on the other side of the sector. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 353 Operating characteristic for phase angle classic 80 / % of Min forward angle 80 deg Forward area 3% of 70 deg Non- 1% of operating area GUID-49D23ADF-4DA0-4F7A-8020-757F32928E60-ANSI V1 EN Figure 164: Phase angle classic 80 amplitude 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 354 85 degrees to 88 degrees • If the current amplitude is more than 100 percent of the nominal current, the sector limit is 88 degrees. There is no sector rounding on the other side of the sector. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 355 Operating characteristic for phase angle classic 88 / % of 88 deg 100% Min forward angle Forward area 85 deg Non- 73 deg operating 1% of area GUID-F9F1619D-E1B5-4650-A5CB-B62A7F6B0A90-ANSI V1 EN Figure 166: Phase angle classic 88 amplitude 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 356: Application

    In resonance-grounded networks, the capacitive fault current and the inductive resonance coil current compensate each other. The protection cannot be based on the reactive current measurement, since the current of the compensation coil would disturb the operation of 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 357 Also the grounding of the cable sheath must be taken into notice when using core balance current transformers. The following figure describes how measuring transformers can be connected to the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 358: Signals

    SIGNAL Negative phase sequence current SIGNAL Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode ENA_MULT BOOLEAN 0=False Enable signal for current multiplier RCA_CTL BOOLEAN 0=False Relay characteristic angle control 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 359: Settings

    Pickup value Pickup value mult 0.8...10.0 Multiplier for scaling the pickup value Directional mode 1=Non-directional 2=Forward Directional mode 2=Forward 3=Reverse Time multiplier 0.05...15.00 0.01 1.00 Time multiplier in IEC/ANSI IDMT curves Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 360 Selection of reset curve type 2=Def time reset 3=Inverse reset Operation mode 1=Phase angle 1=Phase angle Operation criteria 2=IoSin 3=IoCos 4=Phase angle 80 5=Phase angle 88 Enable voltage limit 0=False 1=True Enable voltage limit 1=True 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 361 Measured IG or calculated I0 2=Calculated I0 Vg or V0 1=Measured VG 1=Measured VG Selection for used Uo signal 2=Calculated V0 Pol quantity 3=Zero seq. volt. 3=Zero seq. volt. Reference quantity used to determine fault 4=Neg. seq. volt. direction 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 362 Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Curve parameter A 0.0086...120.0000 28.2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0.0000...0.7120 0.1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 363: Monitored Data

    Values (Range) Unit Description FAULT_DIR Enum 0=unknown Detected fault direction 1=forward 2=backward 3=both PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time DIRECTION Enum 0=unknown Direction information 1=forward 2=backward 3=both Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 364 2=backward 3=both ANGLE_RCA FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Angle between polarizing and operating quantity ANGLE FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Angle between operating angle and characteristic angle I_OPER FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Calculated operating current 67/50N Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 365: Technical Data

    1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact Pickup value = 2.5 × I Pickup value multiples in range of 1.5...20 3) Maximum 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 366: Technical Revision History

    Minimum trip time changed from “60 ms” to “50 ms”. 4.2.3 Transient/intermittent ground-fault protection 67NIEF 4.2.3.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Transient/intermittent ground-fault INTRPTEF Io> -> IEF 67NIEF protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 367: Function Block

    The operation of 67NIEF can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. Timer 1 TRIP Fault Transient indication detector logic PICKUP Level Timer 2 detector BLK_EF Blocking BLOCK logic GUID-500A035B-0431-4278-B5ED-DD22992685E4 V1 EN Figure 169: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 368 Depending on the set Operation mode, 67NIEF has two independent modes for detecting ground faults. The "Transient EF" mode is intended to detect all kinds of ground faults. The "Intermittent EF" mode is dedicated for detecting intermittent ground faults in cable networks. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 369 Voltage pickup value. If there is no TRIP activation, for example, the fault disappears momentarily, PICKUP stays activated until the the Reset delay time elapses. After TRIP activation, PICKUP and TRIP signals are reset as soon as VG falls below Voltage pickup value. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 370 Reset delay time elapses, that is, reset takes place if time between transients is more than Reset delay time. After TRIP activation, a fixed pulse length of 100 ms for TRIP is given, whereas PICKUP is reset after Reset delay time elapses 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 371 The BLOCK input can be controlled by a binary input, a horizontal communication input or an internal signal of the protection relay's program. The influence of the BLOCK signal activation is preselected with the global setting Blocking mode. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 372: Application

    (IG) and in residual voltage (VG), can be repeatedly measured. Typically, the fault resistance in case of an intermittent ground fault is only a few ohms. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 373 At the same time, the voltages of the healthy phases increase and the related capacitances are charged (→ charge transient). If the fault is permanent (non-transient) in nature, only the initial fault transient in current and voltage can be measured, whereas the intermittent fault creates repetitive transients. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 374: Signals

    Step Default Description Directional mode 1=Non-directional 2=Forward Directional mode, Non-directional / Forward / 2=Forward Reverse 3=Reverse Trip delay time 40...1200000 Trip delay time Voltage pickup value 0.05...0.50 0.01 0.20 Voltage pickup value for transient EF 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 375: Monitored Data

    ±1.5% of the set value or ±0.002 × VG Trip time accuracy ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms Suppression of harmonics DFT: -50 dB at f = n × f , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 376: Technical Revision History

    Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Admittance-based ground-fault EFPADM Yo> -> 21YN protection 4.2.4.2 Function block 21YN TRIP PICKUP BLOCK RELEASE GUID-1F42E8A5-E97D-4C47-BF81-87E82687CC36 V1 EN Figure 174: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 377: Functionality

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 21YN can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 378 V0 cannot be calculated from the phase-to-phase voltages. When the residual voltage exceeds the set threshold Voltage pickup value, a ground fault is detected and the neutral admittance calculation is released. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 379 Residual voltage during the fault [Volts] fault Prefault residual current [Amperes] prefault Prefault residual voltage [Volts] prefault ΔIG Change in the residual current due to fault [Amperes] ΔVG Change in the residual voltage due to fault [Volts] 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 380 In compensated networks the compensation degree does not affect the result. This enables a straightforward setting principle for the neutral admittance protection: admittance characteristic is set to cover the value Yo = –Y with a suitable margin. Fdtot 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 381 Due to inaccuracies in voltage and current measurement, the small real part of the calculated neutral admittance may appear as positive, which brings the measured admittance in the fourth quadrant in the admittance plane. This should be considered when setting the admittance characteristic. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 382 10 A (Rf = 0 Ω), the theoretical value for the measured admittance during a ground fault in the reverse direction, that is, outside the protected feeder, can be calculated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 383 GUID-A59B653A-E421-4A65-BD70-77512A1106BE V1 EN Compensated network: Yo Y Bgtot (Equation 31) GUID-F3810944-D0E1-4C9A-A99B-8409F4D3CF05 V1 EN + ⋅ ⋅ − − gTot ≈ (Equation 32) GUID-8F6E7E63-7784-46F1-B1B4-5872F11BDF8C V1 EN High-resistance grounded network: Yo Y Bgtot (Equation 33) GUID-F91DA4E4-F439-4BFA-AA0D-5839B1574946 V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 384 Basically, the imaginary part of the measured admittance is due to the phase-to-ground capacitances of the background network, and the resistive part is due to the neutral grounding resistor and the leakage losses of the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 385 Tot Under‐ comp. (K<1) Re(Yo) Resonance (K=1) Reverse fault: Y o ≈  ‐ j*I Over‐ comp. (K>1) Forward fault, compensated network: Yo ≈ (I + j*(I *(1‐ K)  ‐ I ))/U r cc eTot GUID-99A93925-B7EF-4154-A90B-AE3DFC3ABFA1 V1 EN Figure 177: Admittance calculation during a forward fault 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 386 The sign of the admittance characteristic settings should be considered based on the location of characteristic boundary in the admittance plane. All forward-settings are given with positive sign and reverse-settings with negative sign. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 387 Operation is achieved when the calculated neutral admittance Yo moves outside the characteristic (the operation area is marked with gray). The settings defining the admittance characteristics are given in primary milliSiemens (mS). The conversion equation for the admittance from secondary to primary is: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 388 CT ratio is 100/1 A and the VT ratio is 11547/100 V. The admittance setting in the primary can be calculated. 100 1 5 00 milliSiemens 4 33 milliSiemens ⋅ 11547 100 (Equation 37) GUID-9CFD2291-9894-4D04-9499-DF38F1F64D59 V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 389 • Susceptance reverse • Susceptance reverse • Conductance reverse • Conductance tilt Ang • Susceptance tilt Ang • Susceptance tilt Ang • Conductance tilt Ang • Susceptance forward • Susceptance reverse • Susceptance tilt Ang GUID-77B6138F-168E-4A98-B8D8-018164E79A6B V1 EN Figure 178: Admittance characteristic with different operation modes when Directional mode = "Non-directional" 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 390 • Circle radius • Conductance forward • Susceptance forward • Susceptance tilt Ang • Conductance forward • Conductance tilt Ang • Susceptance tilt Ang • Conductance tilt Ang • Susceptance forward • Susceptance tilt Ang GUID-8E434DF4-F67C-473A-AB3E-6492ADD364BC V1 EN Figure 179: Admittance characteristic with different operation modes when Directional mode = "Forward" 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 391 Admittance characteristic with different operation modes when Directional mode = "Reverse" Timer Once activated, the timer activates the PICKUP output. The time characteristic is according to DT. When the operation timer has reached the value set with the TRIP delay 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 392: Neutral Admittance Characteristics

    Circle conductance and Circle susceptance settings. Default values for Circle conductance and Circle susceptance are 0.0 mS, that is, the characteristic is an origin- centered circle. Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves outside the circle. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 393 Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves over either of the boundary lines. The non-directional overconductance criterion is applicable in high- resistance grounded and compensated networks. It must not be applied in ungrounded networks. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 394 Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves over the boundary line. The forward directional overconductance criterion is applicable in high- resistance grounded and compensated networks. It must not be applied in ungrounded networks. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 395 Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves over the boundary line. The forward directional oversusceptance criterion is applicable in ungrounded networks. It must not be applied to compensated networks. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 396 Compared to the overadmittance criterion, the combined characteristic improves sensitivity in high-resistance grounded and compensated networks. Compared to the non- directional overconductance criterion, the combined characteristic enables the protection to be applied also in ungrounded systems. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 397 Conductance forward and the Susceptance reverse setting must be set to a smaller value than Susceptance forward. Operation is achieved when the measured admittance moves outside the characteristic. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 398 Left figure: the Conductance tilt Ang and Susceptance tilt Ang settings equal zero degrees. Right figure: the setting Conductance tilt Ang > 0 degrees and the setting Susceptance tilt Ang < 0 degrees. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 399: Application

    Admittance-based ground-fault protection provides a selective ground-fault protection for high-resistance grounded, ungrounded and compensated networks. It can be applied for the protection of overhead lines as well as with underground cables. It can be used as 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 400 Such information should be available to verify the correct Voltage pickup value setting, which helps fulfill the requirements for the sensitivity of the protection in terms of fault resistance. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 401 The leakage resistance is assumed to be 30 times larger than the absolute value of the capacitive reactance of the network. Parallel resistor of the compensation coil is assumed to be disconnected. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 402 A ground-fault current of 10 A can be converted into admittance. 1 15 ≈ ⋅ Fdtot (Equation 38) GUID-3631BAB9-7D65-4591-A3D6-834687D0E03C V2 EN A parallel resistor current of 15 A can be converted into admittance. 1 73 ≈ (Equation 39) GUID-4B7A18DE-68CB-42B2-BF02-115F0ECC03D9 V2 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 403 0.7, so that sufficient margin for CT/VT-errors can be achieved. Susceptance forward By default, this setting should be based on the minimum trip current of 1 A. Susceptance forward: 1 A/(15 kV/sqrt(3)) = +0.1 mS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 404: Signals

    Table 379: 21YN Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Residual current SIGNAL Residual voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode RELEASE BOOLEAN 0=False External trigger to release neutral admittance protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 405: Settings

    Tilt angle of conductance boundary line Susceptance tilt Ang -30...30 Tilt angle of susceptance boundary line Table 383: 21YN Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 406: Monitored Data

    Characteristic Value At the frequency f = f Operation accuracy ±1.0% or ±0.01 mS (In range of 0.5...100 mS) Minimum Typical Maximum Pickup time 56 ms 60 ms 64 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 407: Technical Revision History

    Figure 192: Function block 4.2.5.3 Functionality The harmonics-based ground-fault protection function 51NHA is used instead of a traditional ground-fault protection in networks where a fundamental frequency component of the bround-fault current is low due to compensation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 408: Operation Principle

    (for example, in a 50 Hz network the cutoff frequency is 100 Hz), that is, summing the harmonic components of the network from the second harmonic. The output of the filter, later referred to as the harmonics current, is fed to the Level detector and Current comparison modules. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 409 If the locally measured harmonics current is lower than I_REF_RES, the fault is not in that feeder. The detected situation blocks Timer internally, and simultaneously also the BLKD_I_REF output is activated. The module also supervises the communication channel validity which is reported to the Timer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 410 Type of reset curve setting can be set to "Immediate", "Def time reset" or "Inverse reset". The reset curve type "Immediate" causes an immediate reset. With the reset curve type "Def time reset", the reset time depends on the Reset delay time setting. With the reset 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 411: Application

    TRIP output is not activated. 4.2.5.5 Application During a ground fault, 51NHA calculates the maximum current for the current feeder. The value is sent over an analog GOOSE to other protection relays of the busbar in the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 412: Signals

    Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Residual current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode I_REF_RES FLOAT32 Reference current Table 390: 51NHA Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 413: Settings

    Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Curve parameter A 0.0086...120.0000 28.2000 Parameter A for customer programmable curve Curve parameter B 0.0000...0.7120 0.1217 Parameter B for customer programmable curve Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 414: Monitored Data

    Typically 77 ms 1)2) Pickup time Reset time Typically 40 ms Reset ratio Typically 0.96 Trip time accuracy in definite time mode ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 415: Technical Revision History

    The wattmetric-based ground-fault protection function 32N can be used to detect ground faults in ungrounded networks, compensated networks (Petersen coil-grounded networks) or networks with a high-impedance grounding. It can be used as an alternative solution to the traditional residual current-based ground-fault protection functions, for 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 416: Operation Principle

    The minus sign (-) is needed to match the polarity of calculated and measured residual currents. The operation of 32N can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 417 If the angle difference lies between -90° to 0° or 0° to +90°, a forward-direction fault is considered. If the phase angle difference lies within -90° to -180° or +90° to +180°, a reverse-direction fault is detected. Thus, the normal width of a sector is 180°. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 418 Characteristic angle setting is set to -90°, and in case of a compensated network, the Characteristic angle setting is set to 0°. In general, Characteristic angle is selected so that it is close to the expected fault angle value, which results in maximum sensitivity. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 419 Characteristic angle should be set to a positive value if the operating signal lags the polarizing signal and to a negative value if the operating signal leads the polarizing signal. Type of network Recommended characteristic angle Compensated network 0° Ungrounded network -90° 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 420 (RCA = 0˚) -VG (Polarizing quantity) IG (Operating quantity) Forward Forward area area Zero torque line Correction angle Correction angle Minimum operate current Backward Backward area area GUID-80D74A1C-3D75-4548-ABA5-318F2E65F91F V1 EN Figure 200: Definition of correction angle 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 421 Configuration/Analog inputs/Voltage (VG, VT). If "Calculated V0" is selected, the nominal values for primary and secondary are obtained from the voltage transformer ratio entered for phase voltage channels Configuration/Analog inputs/ Voltage (3V, VT). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 422 Residual current I0: Configuration/Analog inputs/Current (3I, CT): 100 A:1 A Residual voltage V0: Configuration/Analog inputs/Current (3V, VT): 20.000 kV:100 Residual Current pickup value of 1.0 × In corresponds then 1.0 × 100 A = 100 A in primary 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 423: Timer Characteristics

    In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 4.2.6.5 Timer characteristics In the wattmetric IDMT mode, the TRIP output is activated based on the timer characteristics: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 424: Measurement Modes

    "Peak-to-Peak". The measurement mode is selected with the Measurement mode setting. 4.2.6.7 Application The wattmetric method is one of the commonly used directional methods for detecting the ground faults especially in compensated networks. The protection uses the residual power 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 425 A typical network with the wattmetric protection is an undercompensated network where the coil current I is the total ground-fault current of the network and I Ctot Ctot is the ground-fault current of the healthy feeder). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 426 In such networks, the characteristic angle is chosen as 0º. Often the magnitude of an active component is small and must be 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 427: Signals

    Minimum trip residual current for deciding fault direction Voltage pickup value 0.010...1.000 0.001 0.010 Pickup value for residual voltage Power pickup value 0.003...1.000 0.001 0.003 Pickup value for residual active power Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 428 Pol reversal 0=False 0=False Rotate polarizing quantity 1=True Io signal Sel 1=Measured IG 1=Measured IG Selection for used Io signal 2=Calculated I0 Vg or V0 1=Measured VG 1=Measured VG Selection for used polarization signal 2=Calculated V0 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 429: Monitored Data

    = phase-to-ground voltage during ground fault in compensated or ungrounded network, the residual power value before fault = 0.0 pu, f = 50 Hz, results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 430: Technical Revision History

    Po = VGIGCosϕ. The change has an effect on Power pickup value definition. The previous equation is in use in the 615 Ver.4.0 with SW revision 4.0 and 615 Ver.4.0 FP1 with SW revision 4.1. All newer versions of 615 series have the updated equation. Internal improvement 4.2.7 Third harmonic-based stator ground-fault protection 27/59THN 4.2.7.1...

  • Page 431: Operation Principle

    Voltage selection setting is set to "Measured VG" if the terminal side voltage is fed from an open delta voltage connection of the voltage transformer. In this case, the terminal side third harmonic voltage is same as the measured open delta 3H T 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 432 Neutral side third harmonic voltage phasor 3H N The magnitude of the third harmonic differential voltage UD_3H and the phase angle difference between the terminal side and neutral side third harmonic voltage U_3HANGL_T_N are available in the Monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 433 Once activated, the Timer activates the PICKUP output. The Timer characteristic is according to DT. When the operation timer has reached the value set by Trip delay time, the TRIP output is activated. If the fault disappears before the module operates, the reset 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 434: Application

    15...20% from the neutral point along the stator winding. To achieve a complete stator ground-fault protection, two protection functions should always run in parallel. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 435 1% and 10% of the terminal voltage, depending on the generator design philosophy. However, for a particular generator the magnitude of third harmonics on the neutral side and terminal side depends also on the active power generated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 436 3H T 3H N parts. is approximately in the opposite direction to that of the , however the 3H T 3H N actual no-fault angle between those two phasors depends on the type of generator 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 437 VTs on the terminal side are connected between phase-to-phase, the differential protection in Equation 52 cannot work. In such case, the Voltage selection setting is set to "No Voltage" and 27/59THN operates as a simple neutral side third harmonic undervoltage protection. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 438 Beta setting value "1.0", protection guarantees a stability margin of 25%. This requires the value of Beta to be increased so as to increase the stability of protection. The recommended value of the Beta setting is at least “1.2”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 439 If there is no generator breaker, the capacitive coupling to ground is the same under all operating conditions. However, the generator breaker normally exists between the protected generator and its power transformer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 440 Beta setting with a set constant CB open factor setting. CB open factor Beta ≥ ⋅ ⋅ (Equation 53) GUID-DE97C93B-50F3-48EA-A558-9FF3ED57FC62 V1 EN The CB Open factor setting is obtained during commissioning. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 441: Signals

    Beta 0.50...10.00 0.01 3.00 Portion of neutral side 3rd harmonic used as bias Voltage N 3.H Lim 0.005...0.200 0.001 0.010 Pickup value for 3rd harmonic residual undervoltage protection Trip delay time 20...300000 Trip delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 442: Monitored Data

    3rd harmonic differential voltage amplitude UB_3H FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 3rd harmonic bias voltage amplitude U_3H_T FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Terminal side 3rd harmonic voltage amplitude U_3H_N FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Neutral side 3rd harmonic voltage amplitude Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 443: Technical Data

    2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 4.2.8 Multifrequency admittance-based ground-fault protection 67YN 4.2.8.1 Identification Description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Multifrequency admittance-based MFADPSDE Io> ->Y 67YN ground-fault protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 444: Function Block

    The operation characteristic is defined by a tilted operation sector, which is universally valid for ungrounded and compensated networks. The operating time characteristic is according to the definite time (DT). The function contains a blocking functionality to block function outputs, timers or the function itself. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 445: Operation Principle

    The setting Voltage pickup value defines the basic sensitivity of the 67YN function. To avoid unselective pickup or trip, Voltage pickup value must always be set to a value which exceeds the maximum healthy-state zero-sequence voltage value, taking into 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 446 The fundamental frequency conductance, Re Y The fundamental frequency susceptance, Im Y Harmonic susceptance   ⋅   = ⋅     −     (Equation 56) GUID-67114C57-781D-4665-A69A-5E43C9E19937 V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 447 Using the discrete sum admittance phasors in different time instants osum ...t ), the corresponding accumulated sum admittance phasor is calculated. osum CPS This phasor is used as directional phasor in determining the direction of the fault. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 448 The higher the frequencies, the compensation coil appears as very high impedance and the harmonics are not affected by compensation coil and degree of compensation. When harmonics are 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 449 As no harmonic components are present, the phase angle of the accumulated phasor is determined by the compensation degree of the network. With high degree of overcompensation, the phasor turns towards the negative axis (as phasor 4). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 450 Tilt angle setting should be. Typical setting value of 5 degrees is recommended. The detected fault direction is available in the Monitored data view as parameter DIRECTION. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 451 The fundamental frequency zero-sequence voltage phasor calculated utilizing the Cumulative Phasor Summing (CPS) technique. The real-part of stabilized fundamental frequency conductance estimate. o stab The imaginary part of stabilized fundamental frequency susceptance estimate. o stab 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 452 When “Amplitude” is selected, the set minimum trip current threshold is compared to the amplitude of . This selection can be used in ungrounded networks. o stab In compensated networks, setting Operating quantity should be set to “Adaptive”. This enables secure and dependable directional 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 453 IRtot The total resistive ground-fault current of the network corresponding to the resistive current of the parallel resistor of the coil and the natural losses of the system (typically in order of 1...5 % of the total capacitive ground-fault current of the network). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 454 Transient detector affects the operation of 67YN (PICKUP and TRIP outputs) when operation mode is “Intermittent EF”. For other operation modes, (“General EF”, “Alarming EF”), PEAK_IND and 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 455 GUID-A5B0DD30-710A-4E95-82F8-1D2692452239 V2 EN Figure 215: Example of operation of Transient detector: indication of detected transient by PEAK_IND output and detection of restriking or intermittent ground fault by INTR_EF output (setting Peak counter limit = 3) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 456 Reset delay time should be set to a value exceeding the maximum expected time interval between fault spikes (obtained at full resonance condition). Recommended value is at least 300 ms. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 457 In “Alarming EF” mode, the operate timer is started during the following conditions. • Ground fault is detected by the GFC • Fault direction equals Directional mode setting • Estimated stabilized fundamental frequency residual current exceeds the set Min trip current level 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 458 Reset delay time should be set to a value exceeding the maximum expected time interval between fault spikes (obtained at full resonance condition). The recommended value is at least 300 ms. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 459 “Intermittent EF” mode. The application of “Intermittent EF” mode is limited to low ohmic intermittent or restriking ground faults. In the “Intermittent EF” mode, the operate timer is started when the following conditions are met. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 460 To keep the operate timer activated between current spikes during intermittent or restriking ground fault, Reset delay time should be set to a value exceeding the maximum expected time interval between (obtained at full resonance condition). The recommended value is at least 300 ms. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 461 The influence of the BLOCK signal activation is preselected with the global setting Blocking mode. The Blocking mode setting has three blocking methods. In the "Freeze timers" mode, the operation timer is frozen to the prevailing value. In the "Block all" mode, the whole 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 462 Activation of the BLOCK input deactivates the BLK_EF output and resets Timer. GFC release Reset timer BLK_EF Reset delay time Reset delay time Pickupt delay time Pickup delay time GUID-A2A55E4C-395C-43BB-A942-2991EA37E3A4 V1 EN Figure 219: Activation of BLK_EF output (indication that fault is located opposite to the set operate direction) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 463: Application

    67YN provides reliability and sensitivity of protection with a single function. This enables simpler implementation of protection schemes as separate fault type dedicated ground- fault functions and coordination between them are not necessarily required. Other 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 464: Signals

    67YN Group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operating quantity 1=Adaptive 1=Adaptive Operating quantity selection 2=Amplitude Min trip current 0.005...5.000 0.001 0.010 Minimum alarm current Characteristic tilt angle 2.0...20.0 Characteristic tilt angle 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 465: Monitored Data

    FAULT_DIR Enum 0=unknown Detected fault direction 1=forward 2=backward 3=both DIRECTION Enum 0=unknown Direction information 1=forward 2=backward 3=both ANGLE FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Angle between operating angle and characteristic angle 67YN Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 466: Technical Data

    Line differential protection with in-zone LNPLDF 3Id/I> power transformer 4.3.1.2 Function block I_LOC_A TRIP I_LOC_B PICKUP I_LOC_C STR_LS_LOC I_REM_A STR_LS_REM I_REM_B OPR_LS_LOC I_REM_C OPR_LS_REM BLOCK OPR_HS_LOC BLOCK_LS OPR_HS_REM ENA_MULT_HS BLKD2H_LOC BLKD2H_REM PROT_ACTIVE GUID-802DA45B-DC38-44F8-8BA2-ABCCD8338C6D V1 EN Figure 220: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 467: Functionality

    The function can also be set into test mode by setting the Operation setting to “test/ blocked”. The operation of 87L can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the following sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 468 • Small steady state line charging current • In-zone transformer no load current • Impact of tap changer positions The timer is activated according to the calculated differential, stabilizing current and the set differential characteristic. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 469 < End section 1. The differential current required for tripping is constant. The value of the differential current is the same as the basic setting (Low trip value) selected for the function. The basic setting allows the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 470 RSTD2H_LOC and RSTD2H_REM outputs will also be activated at the same time depending on whether the inrush has been detected on local or remote end or on both ends. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 471 ) of the protection relay is obtained on both ends with the formula: (Equation 66) GUID-9C08695B-8241-4B74-AA2A-B64783F9C288 V2 EN The stabilizing current I ) of the protection relay is obtained on both ends with the bias formula: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 472 The CT secondary current often differs from the rated current at the rated load of the power transformer. The CT transforming ratio can be corrected on both sides of the power transformer with the CT ratio Correction setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 473 An example shows how the CT ratio correction settings are calculated; when the rated power of the transformer is 5 MVA, the ratio of CTs on the 20 kV side is 200/1 and that on the 10.5 kV side is 300/1. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 474 CT connection type setting parameter is “Type 2”. The connection examples of “Type 2” are as shown in the Figure 230 Figure 231. • The default value of the CT connection type setting is “Type 1”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 475 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-022848B7-518F-4410-939D-B6646E7419D2 V1 EN Figure 228: Connection example of current transformers of Type 1 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 476 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-C42E6AC5-E9A4-45DD-AFF4-BF6F8D40B42E V1 EN Figure 229: Connection example of current transformers of Type 1 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 477 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A X120 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-FD0C1731-3D13-4317-9B84-86DA2434E3B9 V1 EN Figure 230: Connection example of current transformers of Type 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 478 Connection example of current transformers of Type 2 Transformer vector group matching Before differential and bias currents can be calculated, the phase difference of the currents must be vector group matched based on the transformer connection type. The vector group 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 479 1 internal compensation value +30° and winding 2 internal compensation value 0°: − − − − AmHV (Equation 70) GUID-DB4A8A17-38B7-41B3-874B-B93776082C6E V1 EN − − − − BmHV (Equation 71) GUID-147F5433-7B16-4BC7-A502-90D5B0F00B06 V1 EN − − − − CmHV (Equation 72) GUID-11FB9BCE-F16E-4795-9AAD-FDCA4024241A V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 480 HV & LV side Yyn0 LV side Not needed YNy2 (Automatic) YNyn2 (Automatic) Yyn2 (Automatic) Not needed YNy4 (Automatic) YNyn4 (Automatic) Yyn4 (Automatic) Not needed YNy6 HV side YNyn6 HV & LV side Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 481 Not needed Not needed Dyn1 (Automatic) Not needed Dyn5 (Automatic) Not needed Dyn7 (Automatic) Dy11 Not needed Dyn11 (Automatic) Not needed YNz1 (Automatic) YNzn1 LV side Yzn1 (Automatic) Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 482 Zy11 Not needed Zyn11 (Automatic) ZNyn11 HV side ZNy11 (Automatic) Not needed Dzn0 LV side Not needed Dzn2 (Automatic) Not needed Dzn4 (Automatic) Not needed Dzn6 LV side Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 483 ZNz4 (Automatic) ZNzn4 (Automatic) Zzn4 (Automatic) Not needed ZNz6 HV side ZNzn6 HV & LV side Zzn6 LV side Not needed ZNz8 (Automatic) ZNzn8 (Automatic) Zzn8 (Automatic) Zz10 Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 484   (Equation 76) GUID-7C504C11-31C0-47A2-8253-E05020CA1CF7 V1 EN − − − − −   − × LOC B LOC B LOC A LOC B LOC C     (Equation 77) GUID-6FEF478B-7DA1-4012-9F59-43B21AF813E3 V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 485 Trip delay time in the DT mode, the maximum value defined by the inverse time curve, the OPR_LS_LOC output is activated. When the operation mode is according to IDMT, Low trip value is used as reference value 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 486 The direct-intertripping of the line differential protection is included into 87L. The TRIP output is combined to operate the signal from both stages, local and remote, so that it can be used for the direct inter-trip signal locally. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 487 BLOCK (when TRUE) blocks both stages and also the PROT_ACTIVE output is updated according to the BLOCK input status, as described in the Fail safe function chapter. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 488 Remote phasors Remote phasors Time align Sample latency Time align PCSRTPC PCSRTPC I_INST_REM I_INST_REM I_INST_LOC I_INST_LOC Operation ”On” Operation ”On” GUID-6B900ECD-6BB0-47D4-95F7-F7037FDBD6BA V1 EN Figure 235: Operation during the normal operation of the line differential protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 489: Commissioning

    PC with related software, a Web browser for WHMI The setting and configuration of the protection relay must be completed before testing. The terminal diagram, available in the technical manual, is a general diagram of the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 490 The CTs must be connected in accordance with the terminal diagram provided with the protection relay, both with regards to phases and polarity. The following tests are recommended for every primary CT or CT core connected to the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 491 If there is no need to test a particular input, the corresponding wiring can be disconnected from the terminal of the protection relay during testing. Check all the connected signals so that both input voltage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 492 Select the correct auxiliary voltage source according to the power supply module of the protection relay. Select the correct auxiliary voltage source according to the power supply module of the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 493 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 494 When the test mode is active, the CT connection type is still used by the line differential protection function as in the normal operation mode. The setting can be used for shifting the phase (0 or 180 degrees). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 495: Application

    87L is designed for the differential protection of overhead line and cable feeders in a distribution network. 87L provides absolute selectivity and fast trip times as unit protection also in short lines where distance protection cannot be applied. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 496 The protection includes the transformer from the protection field. In case D, the connection between two substations and a small distribution transformer is located at the tapped load. The use of 87L is not limited to these applications. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 497 (instance 2) of the over current protection. These are used to give backup protection for the remote end feeder protection relay. In situations where the selectivity is weaker than usually, the protection should still be available for the system. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 498 In-zone transformer example about CT ratio correction calculation The CT ratio correction calculation starts with the rated load current calculation for HV and LV sides. The rated load current is defined as the rated power of the transformer 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 499 PROTECTED ZONE 33kV 500kVA              GUID-F1B36FF9-7463-4D8D-8EDC-70A09B52CAE9 V2 EN Figure 244: Influence of the tapped transformer load current to the stabilized low stage setting 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 500 The inrush detection information is changed between two ends so that fast and safe blocking of the stabilized stage can be issued on both ends. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 501: Signals

    I_LOC_B SIGNAL Phase B local current I_LOC_C SIGNAL Phase C local current I_REM_A SIGNAL Phase A remote current I_REM_B SIGNAL Phase B remote current I_REM_C SIGNAL Phase C remote current Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 502: Settings

    Slope section 2 10...50 Slope of the second line of the operating characteristics End section 2 200...2000 Turn-point between the second and the third line of the operating characteristics Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 503 Zro A elimination 1=Not eliminated 1=Not eliminated Elimination of the zero-sequence current 2=Winding 1 3=Winding 2 4=Winding 1 and 2 Restraint mode 1=None 1=None Selects what restraint modes are in use 2=Harmonic2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 504: Monitored Data

    B I_ANGL_DIFF_C FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Current phase angle differential between local and remote, phase C Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled IA-diff FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Differential current phase A Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 505: Technical Data

    Technical revision Change Time Step value changed from 0.05 to 0.01 for the multiplier setting. Support for in-zone transformer added. Differential and bias currents are shown as rated currents in the Measurements view. Internal Improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 506: Stabilized And Instantaneous Differential Protection For Two

    The setting characteristic can be set more sensitive with the aid of tap changer position compensation. The correction of transformation ratio due to the changes in tap position is done automatically based on the tap changer status information. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 507: Operation Principle

    Waveform blocking GUID-C4FFDFA8-A197-4983-87D4-A6A426FE1BF1 V1 EN Figure 248: Functional module diagram Differential calculation 87T operates phase-wise on a difference of incoming and outgoing currents. The positive direction of the currents is towards the protected object. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 508 The Winding 1 type parameter determines the connection on winding 1 (”Y”, ”YN”, ”D”, ”Z”, ”ZN”). The Winding 2 type parameter determines the connections of the phase windings on the low voltage side (“y”, ”yn”, ”d”, ”z”, ”zn”). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 509 In this example there is no neutral current on either side of the transformer (assuming there are no grounding transformers installed). In the previous example, however, the matching is done differently to have the winding 1 neutral current compensated at the same time. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 510 1 side to automatically eliminate the zero-sequence component of the phase currents on that side (and the "d" side does not have them). In those cases, explicit elimination is not needed. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 511 GUID-317C68F8-A517-458A-A5D0-32FCE6C5F547 V1 EN Figure 250: Simplified presentation of the high voltage and medium voltage windings with demonstration of the Max winding tap, Min winding tap and Tap nominal parameters 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 512 The second harmonic ratios I_2H_RAT_x are given in Monitored data. The ratio to be used for second harmonic blocking is, therefore, calculated as a weighted average on the basis of the ratios calculated from the differential currents of the three 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 513 If the ratio of the fifth harmonic and the fundamental component of the differential current exceeds the Stop value 5.H parameter, the blocking removal is enabled. The enabling and disabling of deblocking feature is also done through the Harmonic deblock 5.H parameter. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 514 (or generator). In the case of transformer protection, a false differential current can be caused by: • CT errors • Varying tap changer positions (if not automatically compensated) • Transformer no-load current 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 515 In the protection of generators, the false differential current can be caused by various factors. • CT errors • CT saturation at high currents passing through the generator GUID-0E927DF9-5641-4CAE-B808-0B75EA09EA95-ANSI V1 EN Figure 252: Operation logic of the biased low stage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 516 BLKDWAV output is activated according to the phase information. When required, the trip outputs of the biased low stage can be blocked by the BLK_OPR_LS or BLOCK external control signals. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 517 In section 1, where 0 percent Ir < Ib < End section 1, End section 1 being fixed to 50 percent Ir, the differential current required for tripping is constant. The value of the differential current is the same as the Low trip value selected for the function. Low trip 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 518 Setting range for biased low stage If the biasing current is small compared to the differential current of the phase angle between the winding 1 and winding 2 phase currents is close to zero (in a normal situation, 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 519 The internal blocking signals of the differential function do not prevent the trip signal of the instantaneous differential current stage. When required, the trip outputs of the instantaneous high stage can be blocked by the BLK_OPR_HS and BLOCK external control signals. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 520: Application

    TRIP output can be activated only by the biased low stage (if not blocked as well). 4.3.2.5 Application 87T is a unit protection function serving as the main protection for transformers in case of winding failure. The protective zone of a differential protection includes the transformer, 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 521 If the distance between the measuring points is relatively long in line protection, interposing CTs can be required to reduce the burden of the CTs. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 522 The most important rule in these applications is that at least 75 percent of the short-circuit power has to be fed on the side of the power transformer with only one connection to the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 523 The filter suppresses frequencies other than the set fundamental frequency, and therefore the protection relay is not adapted for measuring the output of the frequency converter, that is, 87T is not suited for protecting of a power transformer or motor fed by a frequency converter 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 524 First, the rated load of the power transformer must be calculated on both sides when the apparent power and phase-to-phase voltage are known. × (Equation 89) GUID-B5467DB8-17EB-4D09-A741-1F5BB23466AA-ANSI V1 EN rated load of the power transformer rated power of the power transformer rated phase-to-phase voltage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 525 = 25 MVA / (1.732 x 21 kV) = 687.3 A nT_Wnd2 Settings: CT ratio Cor Wnd 1= 300 A / 131.2 A = “2.29” CT ratio Cor Wnd 2= 1000 A / 687.3 A = “1.45” 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 526 Not needed Yy10 Clk Num 10 Not needed YNy10 Clk Num 10 Not needed YNyn10 Clk Num 10 Not needed Yyn10 Clk Num 10 Not needed Clk Num 1 Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 527 YNzn7 Clk Num 7 LV side Yzn7 Clk Num 7 Not needed Yz11 Clk Num 11 Not needed YNz11 Clk Num 11 Not needed YNzn11 Clk Num 11 LV side Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 528 Clk Num 0 HV side Clk Num 2 Not needed ZNd2 Clk Num 2 Not needed Clk Num 4 Not needed ZNd4 Clk Num 4 Not needed Clk Num 6 Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 529 Clk Num 0 HV & LV side Yyn0 Clk Num 0 LV side Clk Num 2 Not needed YNy2 Clk Num 2 Not needed YNyn2 Clk Num 2 Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 530 Clk Num 10 Not needed Clk Num 1 Not needed Dyn1 Clk Num 1 Not needed Clk Num 5 Not needed Dyn5 Clk Num 5 Not needed Clk Num 7 Not needed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 531 HV side ZNy5 Clk Num 5 Not needed Clk Num 7 Not needed Zyn7 Clk Num 7 Not needed ZNyn7 Clk Num 7 HV side ZNy7 Clk Num 7 Not needed Clk Num 0 Not needed 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 532 -120 deg, the phase order is wrong on the high voltage side. If the angle values I_ANGL_A2_B2, I_ANGL_B2_C2 and I_ANGL_C2_A2 show -120 deg, the phase order is wrong on the low voltage side. If the angle values I_ANGL_A1_B1, 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 533: Ct Connections And Transformation Ratio Correction

    CT connection type setting parameter is "Type 2". The connection examples of "Type 2" are as shown in Figure 264 Figure 265. • The default value of the CT connection type setting is "Type 1". 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 534 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-0558BCDF-6310-43EB-B699-47A9C4577861 V1 EN Figure 262: Connection example of current transformers of Type 1 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 535 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-87B5CBC1-6128-4D49-AE38-A95F544EF5BE V1 EN Figure 263: Alternative connection example of current transformers of Type 1 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 536 Section 4 1MAC059074-MB A Protection functions 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-8A96C683-A9F6-4CCD-9407-1A3521D22C4B V1 EN Figure 264: Connection of current transformers of Type 2 and example of the currents during an external fault 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 537: Signals

    I_A(1) SIGNAL Phase A primary current I_B(1) SIGNAL Phase B primary current I_C(1) SIGNAL Phase C primary current I_A(2) SIGNAL Phase A secondary current I_B(2) SIGNAL Phase B secondary current Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 538: Settings

    9=2.h + 5.h + wav Pickup value 2.H 7...20 The ratio of the 2. harmonic to fundamental component required for blocking Pickup value 5.H 10...50 The ratio of the 5. harmonic to fundamental component required for blocking 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 539 4 -> both on HV and LV 4=Winding 1 and 2 CT ratio Cor Wnd 1 0.40...4.00 0.01 1.00 CT ratio correction, winding 1 CT ratio Cor Wnd 2 0.40...4.00 0.01 1.00 CT ratio correction, winding 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 540: Monitored Data

    B status BLKD5H_C BOOLEAN 0=False 5th harmonic restraint block 1=True phase C status BLKDWAV_A BOOLEAN 0=False Waveform blocking phase A 1=True status BLKDWAV_B BOOLEAN 0=False Waveform blocking phase B 1=True status Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 541 Differential Current FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Differential Current phase C phase C Restraint Current FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Restraint Current phase A phase A Restraint Current FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Restraint Current phase B phase B Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 542 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled IA-diff FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured differential current amplitude phase IA IB-diff FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured differential current amplitude phase IB IC-diff FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured differential current amplitude phase IC Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 543: Technical Data

    = 50 Hz. 4.3.2.11 Technical revision history Table 441: 87T Technical revision history Technical revision Change 5th harmonic and waveform blockings taken to event data set Slope section 3 . Added input Added setting TAP_POS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 544: Numerically Stabilized Low-Impedance Restricted Ground-Fault Protection 87Lozref

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 87LOZREF can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 545 A correct value for CT connection type is determined by the connection polarities of the current transformer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 546 The value is available in the monitored data view. (Equation 92) GUID-E162EE11-DEDF-49BA-B60F-E22ECF1ACAE8 V2 EN ID_COSPHI/ In TRIPPING Trip value NON TRIPPING IB/In GUID-9D592151-7598-479B-9285-7FB7C09F0FAB-ANSI V1 EN Figure 268: Operating characteristics of the stabilized ground-fault protection function 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 547 At the recovery inrush, the magnetizing current of the transformer to be protected increases momentarily when the voltage returns to normal after the clearance of a fault outside the protected area. The sympathetic inrush is caused by the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 548: Application

    This protection system remains stable for all the faults outside the protected zone. 87LOZREF provides higher sensitivity for the detection of ground faults than the overall transformer differential protection. This is a high-speed unit protection scheme applied to 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 549 CT connection type is "Type 2". 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 550 Figure 271: Connection of the current transformers of Type 1. The connected phase currents and the neutral current have opposite directions at an external ground-fault situation. Both groundings are outside the area to be protected. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 551 Connection of the current transformers of Type 2. The phase currents and the neutral current have equal directions at an external ground-fault situation. Phase grounding is outside and neutral grounding is inside the area to be protected. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 552 = 0 c = 0 For external fault Reference is Neutral Current Operate for Restrain for internal fault external fault GUID-FAC5E4AD-A4A7-4D39-9EAC-C380EA33CB78 V2 EN Figure 274: Current flow in all the CTs for an external fault 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 553 Blocking the pickup of the restricted ground-fault protection at the magnetizing inrush is based on the ratio of the second harmonic and the fundamental frequency amplitudes of 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 554: Signals

    Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Minimum trip time 40...300000 Minimum trip time Restraint mode 1=None 1=None Restraint mode 2=Harmonic2 Pickup value 2.H 10...50 The ratio of the 2. harmonic to fundamental component required for blocking 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 555: Monitored Data

    ±2.5% of the set value or ±0.002 x I Minimum Typical Maximum 1)2) Pickup time Trip = 2.0 × set 37 ms 41 ms 45 ms Fault value Reset time Typically 40 ms Reset ratio Typically 0.96 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 556: Technical Revision History

    High-impedance differential protection HIBPDIF dHi_B> for phase B High-impedance differential protection HICPDIF dHi_C> for phase C 4.3.4.2 Function block TRIP TRIP TRIP BLOCK PICKUP BLOCK PICKUP BLOCK PICKUP GUID-936A0B51-A681-4814-A3C8-742DDC670FCF V1 EN Figure 276: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 557: Functionality

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 87A, 87B, 87C can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 558 Once activated, Timer activates the PICKUP output. The time characteristic is according to DT. When the operation timer reaches the value set by Trip delay time, the TRIP output is activated. If the fault disappears before the module operates, the reset timer is activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 559: Application

    If there is a fault outside the zone, a high current, known as the through-fault current, can go through the protected object. This can cause partial saturation in the CTs. The relay operation is avoided with a stabilizing resistor (R ) in the protection relay measuring 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 560 ) is not included. The wiring resistances are presented as total wiring resistances R and R is the maximum wiring resistance concerning all incoming feeder sets, whereas R is the maximum wiring resistance concerning all outgoing feeder sets. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 561 The relay measures the sum of the currents as a differential and trips the circuit breaker. If the fault current goes through only one CT, its secondary emf magnetizes the opposite CT, that is, E ≈ E 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 562 CT. As a result, the relay operation is avoided, that is, the relay operation is stabilized against the CT saturation at through-fault current. The stabilizing voltage V is the basis of all calculations. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 563 The secondary circuit voltage can easily exceed the isolation voltage of the CTs, connection wires and the protection relay because of the stabilizing resistance and CT saturation. A voltage dependent resistor (VDR, R ) is used to limit the voltage as shown in Figure 278. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 564 A fault in the busbar results in an imbalance between the incoming and the outgoing current. The difference current flows through the protection relay, which generates a trip signal. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 565 With the bus coupler in the closed position, the current also flows from one busbar section to another busbar section. Thus, the current flowing through the bus coupler needs to be 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 566 Stabilizing resistors are not needed in this application as core balance current transformers are used instead. They must be wired so that the measured current will be the differential current between the motor terminal and the neutral sides. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 567: Example Calculations For Busbar High-Impedance Differential Protection

    87A, 87B, 87C uses the peak-to-peak measurement mode. 4.3.4.6 Example calculations for busbar high-impedance differential protection The protected object in the example for busbar differential protection is a single-bus system with two zones of protection. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 568 Bus data: 20 kV 2000 A 25 kA kmax 10 feeders per protected zone including bus coupler and incomer. CT data is assumed to be: 2000/1 A 15.75 Ω 436 V <7 mA (at U 1Ω 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 569 The sensitivity of the protection is obtained as per Equation 99, assuming I = 0. 2000 0 035 10 0 0034 ⋅ ⋅ ≈ prim (Equation 99) GUID-357A9480-16D5-488E-B92C-A6C14FD3708B V2 EN The power of the stabilizing resistor is calculated: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 570: Signals

    Phase A current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 452: 87B Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase B current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 571: Settings

    Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Table 459: 87A Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 572 Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Table 465: 87C Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 573: Monitored Data

    Pickup = 2.0 × set 12 ms 16 ms 24 ms Fault value Pickup = 10 × set 10 ms 12 ms 14 ms Fault value Reset time <40 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 574: Technical Revision History

    GUID-DB494388-9E4F-42FE-B03F-F4705B717173 V1 EN Figure 287: Function block 4.3.5.3 Functionality The motor winding failure protection function 87G, 87M is a unit protection function. The possibility of internal failures of the motor is relatively low. However, the consequences 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 575: Operation Principle

    Figure 288: Functional module diagram Differential and bias calculation Differential calculation module calculates the differential current. The differential current is the difference in current between the phase and neutral sides of the machine. The phase 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 576 If an internal fault occurs during a through fault, an angle less than 50 degrees clearly indicates an internal fault and the TF module overrules, that is, deblocks the presence of any blocking due to CT saturation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 577 Therefore, the operation of the differential protection is biased with respect to the load current. In the biased differential protection, the higher the differential current required for the protection of operation, the higher the load current. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 578 In section 3, where I > End section 2, the slope of the characteristic can be set by Slope section 3 that defines the increase in the differential current to the corresponding increase in the biasing current. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 579 30 percent of the differential current, a fault has most likely occurred in the area protected by 87G, 87M. Then the internal blocking signals (CT saturation and DC blocking) of the biased stage are inhibited. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 580 The internal blocking signals of the function block do not prevent the operation of the instantaneous stage. When required, the trip signal due to instantaneous operation can be blocked by the binary inputs BLK_OPR_HS or BLOCK. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 581: Application

    The fast fault clearance of this fault type is of greatest importance to limit the damages and the economic loss. To limit the damages in connection to the stator winding short circuits, the fault clearance time must be as short as possible (instantaneous). The fault current contributions from 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 582 5 percent. The approximate value of the actual accuracy limit factor F corresponding to the actual CT burden can be calculated on the basis of the rated accuracy limit factor F (ALF) at the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 583 The angular frequency, that is, 2 x π x f The time to saturate, that is, the duration of the saturation-free transformation The remanence factor 1/(1-r), where r is the maximum remanence flux in pu from the saturation flux 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 584 It is assumed to be 40 percent here. On the other hand, the fault current is now smaller and since the ratio of the resistance and reactance is greater in this location, having a full DC offset is not possible. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 585 Alternative 2 is more cost-effective and therefore often better, although the sensitivity of the scheme is slightly reduced. Example 2 Here the actions according to alternative 2 are taken to improve the actual accuracy limit factor. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 586 CT connection type setting parameter is "Type 2". The connection examples of "Type 2" are as shown in figures and 294. • The default value of the CT connection type setting is "Type 1". 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 587 1/5A GUID-BEF98DEF-6AF9-4510-B8DC-1DB02A7F4DC7 V1 EN Figure 291: Connection of current transformer of Type 1, example 1 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-51666F94-A1D6-4E80-8502-ABC0998CF70D V1 EN Figure 292: Connection of current transformer of Type 1, example 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 588 Figure 293: Connection of current transformer of Type 2, example 1 S1 S2 S1 S2 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A 1/5A GUID-A8CAC49E-5AED-4265-9ACF-0D7F4FDAC9AC V1 EN Figure 294: Connection of current transformer of Type 2, example 2 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 589 Because of the DC component, the flux reaches its maximum value at 0.07 seconds, causing saturation. As the DC component decays, the CT recovers gradually from the saturation. GUID-505C1447-5FA4-43B7-8AD7-9E2449CC10C3 V1 EN Figure 296: DC saturation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 590: Signals

    Slope of the second line of the operating characteristics End section 1 0...100 Turn-point between the first and the second line of the operating characteristics End section 2 100...300 Turn-point between the second and the third line of the operating characteristics 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 591: Monitored Data

    Biasing current phase A IB_B FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Biasing current phase B IB_C FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Biasing current phase C I_ANGL_A1_B1 FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Current phase angle phase A to B, line side Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 592 FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured differential current amplitude phase IC IA-bias FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured bias current amplitude phase IA IB-bias FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured bias current amplitude phase IB IC-bias FLOAT32 0.00...80.00 Measured bias current amplitude phase IC 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 593: Technical Data

    Unbalance protection 4.4.1 Negative-sequence overcurrent protection 46 4.4.1.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Negative-sequence overcurrent NSPTOC I2> protection 4.4.1.2 Function block A070758-ANSI V1 EN Figure 297: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 594: Functionality

    The measured negative sequence current is compared to the set Pickup value. If the measured value exceeds the set Pickup value, the level detector activates the timer module. If the ENA_MULT input is active, the set Pickup value is multiplied by the set Pickup value Mult. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 595 The timer calculates the pickup duration value PICKUP_DUR, which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time. The value is available in the monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 596: Application

    Multiple time curves and time multiplier settings are also available for coordinating with other devices in the system. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 597: Signals

    4=ANSI Mod Inv 5=ANSI DT 6=LT Ext Inv 7=LT Very Inv 8=LT Inv 9=IEC Norm Inv 10=IEC Very Inv 11=IEC Inv 12=IEC Ext Inv 13=IEC ST Inv 14=IEC LT Inv 15=IEC DT 17=Programmable 18=RI Type 19=RD Type 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 598: Monitored Data

    0...60000 Reset delay time 4.4.1.8 Monitored data Table 484: 46 Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 599: Technical Data

    Step value changed from 0.05 to 0.01 for the Time multiplier setting Internal improvement Internal Improvements 4.4.2 Phase discontinuity protection 46PD 4.4.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Phase discontinuity protection PDNSPTOC I2/I1> 46PD 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 600: Function Block

    “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 46PD can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. GUID-1A3E3A3D-D45B-4A88-8D65-CBE389ED1518 V1 EN Figure 300: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 601 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 602: Application

    Iratio (Equation 116) A070702 V2 EN Broken conductor fault situation can occur in phase A in a feeder. IECA070699-ANSI V1 EN Figure 301: Broken conductor fault in phase A in a distribution or subtransmission feeder 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 603: Signals

    Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 488: 46PD Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 604: Settings

    46PD Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy Depending on the frequency of the measured current: f ±2 Hz ±2% of the set value Pickup time <70 ms Reset time Typically 40 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 605: Technical Revision History

    46R picks up and trips when I exceeds the set limit. 46R operates on definite time (DT) characteristics. 46R is based on the calculated I , and the function detects too high I 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 606: Operation Principle

    When the motor drives fans and pumps, for example, and the rotation direction is reversed due to a wrong phase sequence, the driven process can be disturbed and the flow of the cooling air of the motor can become reversed too. With a motor designed only for a 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 607: Signals

    Pickup value 0.05...1.00 0.01 0.75 Pickup value Trip delay time 100...60000 Trip delay time Table 498: 46R Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 608: Monitored Data

    = 50 Hz, results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 4.4.3.10 Technical revision history Table 501: PREVPTOC Technical revision history46R Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 609: Negative-Sequence Overcurrent Protection For Machines 46M

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 46M can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 610 TRIP output is activated immediately. The T_ENARESTART output indicates the duration for which the BLK_RESTART output remains active, that is, it indicates the remaining time of the cooling timer. The value is available in the monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 611: Timer Characteristics

    Inv. curve A The inverse time equation for curve type A is:       (Equation 117) GUID-D8A4A304-6C63-4BA4-BAEA-E7891504557A V1 EN t[s] Trip time in seconds Machine time Mult Negative-sequence current Rated current 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 612 When the negative sequence current drops below pickup value, the subtraction in the denominator becomes negative and the cumulative sum starts to decrease. The decrease in the sum indicates the cooling of the machine and the cooling speed 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 613: Application

    4.4.4.7 Signals Table 502: 46M Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Negative sequence current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 614: Settings

    46M Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Rated current 0.30...2.00 0.01 1.00 Rated current (Ir) of the machine (used only in the IDMT) Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 615: Monitored Data

    = 50 Hz, results based on statistical distribution of 1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact Pickup value multiples in range of 1.10...5.00 4.4.4.11 Technical revision history Table 509: 46M Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 616: Voltage Protection

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 59 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 617 Num of pickup phases, the phase selection logic activates the Timer. Timer Once activated, the Timer activates the PICKUP output. Depending on the value of the set Operating curve type, the time characteristics are selected according to DT or IDMT. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 618 Reset delay time has elapsed Linear decrease Operation timer “Def time reset” “Decrease Op Operate timer is value linearly timer” reset after the set decreases during Reset delay time the drop-off has elapsed situation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 619 IDMT. The setting is applicable only when the IDMT curves are used. The Minimum trip time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to the IDMT curve, but always at least the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 620: Timer Characteristics

    Table 511: Timer characteristics supported by IDMT operate curve types Operating curve type (5) ANSI Def. Time (15) IEC Def. Time (17) Inv. Curve A (18) Inv. Curve B (19) Inv. Curve C (20) Programmable 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 621: Application

    SIGNAL Phase to ground voltage C or phase to phase voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 513: 59 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 622: Settings

    Curve parameter D 0.000...60.000 0.000 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0.000...3.000 1.000 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Voltage selection 1=phase-to-earth 2=phase-to-phase Parameter to select phase or phase-to-phase 2=phase-to-phase voltages 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 623: Monitored Data

    1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact Pickup value = 1.20 × V Pickup value multiples in range of 1.10...2.00 3) Maximum 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 624: Technical Revision History

    The function contains a blocking functionality. It is possible to block function outputs, timer or the function itself, if desired. 4.5.2.4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 625 The low-level blocking is activated by default (Enable block value is set to "True") and the blocking level can be set with the Voltage block value setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 626 Reset delay time, the Timer is reset and the PICKUP output is deactivated. When the IDMT trip time curve is selected, the functionality of the Timer in the drop-off state depends on the combination of the Type of reset curve and Reset delay time settings. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 627 Reset delay time has elapsed Linear decrease Operation timer “Def time reset” “Decrease Op Operate timer is value linearly timer” reset after the set Reset delay time decreases during the drop-off has elapsed situation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 628 The Minimum trip time setting should be used with care because the operation time is according to the IDMT curve, but always at least the value of the Minimum trip time setting. For more information, see the IDMT curves for overcurrent protection section in this manual. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 629: Timer Characteristics

    27 can be used in combination with overcurrent protections. Other applications are the detection of a no-voltage condition, for example before the energization of a high voltage line, or an automatic breaker trip in case 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 630: Signals

    SIGNAL Phase to ground voltage C or phase to phase voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 524: 27 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 631: Settings

    Curve parameter D 0.000...60.000 0.000 Parameter D for customer programmable curve Curve parameter E 0.000...3.000 1.000 Parameter E for customer programmable curve Voltage selection 1=phase-to-earth 2=phase-to-phase Parameter to select phase or phase-to-phase 2=phase-to-phase voltages 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 632: Monitored Data

    = 0.9 × set Pickup 62 ms 66 ms 70 ms Fault value Reset time Typically 40 ms Relative hysteresis Reset ratio Depends on the set Retardation time <35 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 633: Technical Revision History

    Residual overvoltage protection 59N, 59G 4.5.3.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Residual overvoltage protection ROVPTOV Uo> 59N, 59G 4.5.3.2 Function block GUID-F809C4BA-65E7-46D0-A46A-F51E7B90F1BA-ANSI V1 EN GUID-AC9C406F-1A77-4135-A0A4-6F726EB18E1E V1 EN Figure 313: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 634: Functionality

    V : 100/3 V). In this case, "Measured VG" is selected. The nominal values for residual voltage is obtained from the VT ratios entered in Residual voltage VG: Configuration/Analog inputs/Voltage (VG,VT): 11.547 kV:100 V. The residual 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 635 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 636: Application

    59N,59G Input signals Name Type Default Description VG/V0 SIGNAL Residual voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 533: 59N,59G Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 637: Settings

    ±2 Hz ±1.5% of the set value or ±0.002 × V Minimum Typical Maximum 1)2) Pickup time Pickup = 2 × set 48 ms 51 ms 54 ms Fault value Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 638: Negative-Sequence Overvoltage Protection 47

    The function contains a blocking functionality. It is possible to block function outputs, the definite timer or the function itself, if desired. 4.5.4.4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 639 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 640: Application

    4.5.4.6 Signals Table 539: 47 Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Negative phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 641: Settings

    0...60000 Reset delay time 4.5.4.8 Monitored data Table 544: 47 Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 642: Technical Data

    Technical revision Change Internal change Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 4.5.5 Positive-sequence undervoltage protection 47U, 27PS 4.5.5.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Positive-sequence undervoltage PSPTUV U1< 47U, 27PS protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 643: Function Block

    The operation of 47U, 27PS can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. Timer TRIP Level Detector PICKUP Blocking BLOCK logic GUID-E7F19717-CF62-4A4D-9F86-1CB5D376A420 V1 EN Figure 318: Functional module diagram. V is used for representing positive phase sequence voltage. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 644: Application

    The operation of the protection can cause an islanding condition, also called a loss-of-mains condition, in which a part of the network, that is, an island fed by the power station, is isolated from the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 645: Signals

    4.5.5.6 Signals Table 547: 47U,27PS Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Positive phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 646: Settings

    Relative hysteresis for operation 4.5.5.8 Monitored data Table 553: 47U,27PS Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time 47U,27PS Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 647: Technical Data

    Table 555: 47U, 27PS Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement 4.5.6 Overexcitation protection 24 4.5.6.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Overexcitation protection OEPVPH U/f> 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 648: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are "Enable" and "Disable". The operation of 24 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 649 B or BC × × × leak GUID-551F8B8A-40D2-4D99-B20D-6FC433406EFF V2 EN phase-to-ground C or CA × × × leak GUID-8B274F07-54A0-4CEC-9AAC-618F742D9EED V2 EN phase-to-phase A or AB − × × leak GUID-BA2D5CDB-BC06-4F7E-A71F-A2BEFC10F5A2 V2 EN Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 650 The excitation level (M) can be calculated: Volt Max continuous ⋅ (Equation 120) GUID-2712EB3B-0126-44B6-AABC-AA4BD2569FFB V1 EN excitation level (V/f ratio or volts/hertz) in pu internal induced voltage (emf) measured frequency nominal phase-to-phase voltage nominal frequency 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 651 BLK_RESTART output still remains active. The value is available in the Monitored data view. Timer calculates the pickup duration value PICKUP_DUR, which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and the set trip time. The value is available in the Monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 652: Timer Characteristics

    Once activated, the timer activates the PICKUP output for the IDMT curves. If the excitation level drops below the Pickup value setting before the function trips, the reset 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 653 An example of a delayed reset in the inverse time characteristics. When the pickup becomes active during the reset period, the trip time counter continues from the level corresponding to the drop-off (reset time = 0.50 · Cooling time) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 654 Table 557: Parameters a, b and c for different IDMT curves Operating curve type setting OvExt IDMT Crv1 115.00 4.886 OvExt IDMT Crv2 113.50 3.040 OvExt IDMT Crv3 108.75 2.443 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 655 The base equation for the IDMT curve “OvExt IDMT Crv4” is: 0 18 − (Equation 123) GUID-361FE32F-D157-402D-BC70-D568AB809339 V1 EN t(s) Trip time in seconds Constant delay setting in milliseconds Excitation value (V/f ratio or volts/hertz) in pu Time multiplier setting 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 656 COOL_ACTIVE is active, the TRIP output is not activated instantly. In this case, the remaining part of the cooling timer affects the calculation of the operation timer as shown Figure 324. This compensates for the heating effect and makes the overall trip time shorter. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 657: Application

    Overexcitation can occur during the start-up and shutdown of the generator if the field current is not properly adjusted. The loss-of-load or load shedding can also result in overexcitation if the voltage control and frequency governor do not function properly. The 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 658 Phase A current (I 5600∠-63.57° A Phase B current (I 5600∠176.42° A Measured frequency (f 49.98 Hz The setting Voltage Max Cont 100% Voltage selection The setting phase-to-phase Phase supervision The setting A or AB 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 659 IDMT curve operation are given as: Pickup value = 110%, Voltage Max Cont = 100%, Time multiplier = 4, Maximum trip time = 1000 s, Minimum trip time = 1 s and Cooling time = 200 s. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 660 Therefore, the exact trip times in any inverse time mode are difficult to predict. Example 4 In this case, the function operation is according to IDMT. The Operating curve type setting is selected as "OvExt IDMT Crv4". The corresponding example settings for the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 661: Signals

    Pickup value = 110% (1.1 pu) is approximately 75 s. 4.5.6.7 Signals Table 558: 24 Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current SIGNAL Positive-phase sequence current Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 662: Settings

    Selection of time delay curve type 15=IEC DT 17=OvExt IDMT Crv1 18=OvExt IDMT Crv2 19=OvExt IDMT Crv3 20=OvExt IDMT Crv4 Time multiplier 0.1...100.0 Time multiplier for Overexcitation IDMT curves Trip delay time 200...200000 Trip delay time in definite- time mode 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 663: Monitored Data

    Ratio of pickup time / trip time (in %) T_ENARESTART INT32 0...10000 Estimated time to reset of block restart VOLTPERHZ FLOAT32 0.00...10.00 Excitation level, i.e U/f ratio or Volts/Hertz Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 664: Technical Data

    27RT V_A_AB TRIP V_B_BC PICKUP V_C_CA BLOCK GUID-64E07123-ED63-4775-893C-F3575ED1F7F6 V1 EN Figure 327: Function block 4.5.7.3 Functionality The low-voltage ride-through protection function 27RT is principally a three-phase undervoltage protection. It differs from the traditional three-phase undervoltage 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 665: Operation Principle

    3", and “Exactly 3 of 3”, which are different from conventional setting options available in other functions. For example, Num of pickup phases is set to "Exactly 2 of 3", any two voltages should drop below Voltage pickup value within one cycle network for the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 666 It is necessary to set the coordinate points correctly in order to avoid maloperation. For example, setting for Recovery time 2 should be greater than Recovery time 1. Recovery time 1…Recovery time 10 are the respective time setting from the point of fault. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 667 Voltage level 2 0.8 · Un 0.7 · Un Recovery time 2 1000 ms 150 ms Voltage level 3 0.9 · Un 0.7 · Un Recovery time 3 10000 ms 700 ms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 668 V_AB PICKUP TRIP V_CA Time in ms PICKUP TRIP 100ms GUID-532E4687-DF59-4DA7-9F93-6186FBA14C64 V1 EN Figure 331: Typical example of operation of 27RT function Activation of the BLOCK input resets the timers and deactivates the function outputs. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 669: Application

    Voltage level 4 after Recovery time 4 time period. When the voltage at the point of common coupling is above the LVRT curve, the generation unit must remain connected, and must be disconnected only if the voltage takes values below the curve. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 670: Signals

    Phase-to-ground voltage C or phase-to-phase voltage SIGNAL Positive phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 567: 27RT Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 671: Settings

    Recovery time 8 0...300000 10000 8th time coordinate for defining LVRT curve Recovery time 9 0...300000 10000 9th time coordinate for defining LVRT curve Recovery time 10 0...300000 10000 10th time coordinate for defining LVRT curve 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 672: Monitored Data

    4.5.8.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Voltage vector shift protection VVSPPAM 4.5.8.2 Function block V_A_AB TRIP V_B_BC INT_BLKD V_C_CA BLOCK GUID-87689571-BB05-4911-B2A9-23CCC8EA665C V1 EN Figure 333: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 673: Functionality

    Δδ exceeds the set Pickup value setting for all the defined phases, the module sends an enabling signal to start the Pulse timer. The Voltage selection setting is used to select whether the available voltage signal is phase-to-ground or phase-to-phase voltage. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 674: Application

    The activation of the BLOCK input deactivates the TRIP binary output and resets the timer. 4.5.8.5 Application Use of distributed generation (DG) units is increasing due to liberalized markets (deregulation) and the global trend to use more renewable sources of energy. They 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 675 HV/MV substation, in which the voltage magnitude is not changed considerably (unlike in faults) can potentially cause maloperation of vector shift algorithm, if very sensitive settings are used. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 676: Signals

    V_C_CA SIGNAL Phase-to-ground voltage C or phase-to-phase voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 573: 78V Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip INT_BLKD BOOLEAN Protection function internally blocked 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 677: Settings

    1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Table 577: 78V Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Phase supervision 7=Ph A + B + C 8=Pos sequence Monitored voltage phase 8=Pos sequence 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 678: Monitored Data

    2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 4.5.9 Three-phase remnant undervoltage protection 27R 4.5.9.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase remnant undervoltage MSVPR 3U< protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 679: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 27R can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 680 BLOCK input and the global setting Configuration/System/Blocking mode which selects the blocking mode. The BLOCK input can be controlled by a binary input, a horizontal communication input or an internal signal of the protection relay 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 681: Application

    27R is used as a standard undervoltage function. The function contains a self-blocking functionality. It is possible to block function outputs, timer or the function itself, if desired. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 682: Signals

    7=A&B&C or Monitored voltage phase 2=B or BC AB&BC&CA 4=C or CA 7=A&B&C or AB&BC&CA Table 583: 27R Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 683: Monitored Data

    ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms Trip time accuracy Suppression of harmonics Operates only in RMS mode 1) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 2) Trip time delays do not account for variation due to pickup delay 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 684: Frequency Protection

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 81 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 685 This module is used for combining different protection criteria based on the frequency and the frequency gradient measurement to achieve a more sophisticated behavior of the function. The criteria are selected with the Operation mode setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 686 If the timer reaches the value set by the delay Tm df/dt setting, the operation timer resets and the PICKUP and PICKUP_FRG outputs are deactivated. The TRIP_UFRQ output is not active when this operation mode is used. Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 687 The module calculates the pickup duration value PICKUP_DUR which indicates the percentage ratio of the pickup situation and set trip time DT. The pickup duration is available according to the selected value of the Operation mode setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 688: Application

    The underfrequency is applicable in all situations where a reliable detection of a low fundamental power system voltage frequency is needed. The low fundamental frequency 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 689: Signals

    OPR_UFRQ BOOLEAN Trip signal for underfrequency OPR_FRG BOOLEAN Trip signal for frequency gradient PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup ST_OFRQ BOOLEAN Pickup signal for overfrequency ST_UFRQ BOOLEAN Pickup signal for underfrequency ST_FRG BOOLEAN Pickup signal for frequency gradient 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 690: Settings

    81 Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Pickup duration ST_DUR_OFRQ FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Pickup duration ST_DUR_UFRQ FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Pickup duration ST_DUR_FRG FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Pickup duration Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 691: Technical Data

    0.005 ×Fn /s to 0.0025 ×Fn /s. Internal improvement. Impedance protection 4.7.1 Out-of-step protection 78 4.7.1.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Out of step protection OOSRPSB φ> 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 692: Function Block

    The operation of 78 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. TRIP Timer SWING_TRIP Out of Impedance step SWING calculation detection OSB_Z2 DISABLE Blocking BLOCK logic GUID-60F5E154-F3C3-4D1D-9B33-A413F10526E8 V1 EN Figure 341: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 693 Zone 1, is separated from the upper portion, Zone 2, by a line, perpendicular to the blinders, located at a set percentage of the Forward reach setting from the origin. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 694 Settings that determine the shape of the zones should be coordinated with the settings for any distance protection functions. The zones and their respective slip counters are applicable only for Way out operations when the Oos operation mode setting option is “Way out” or “Adaptive”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 695 OSB condition. When the set Trip delay time has elapsed, the TRIP output is activated. When using the “Way in” option, the zone- related settings and zone slip counters are not applicable. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 696 Breaker open time is set to “0”, the function does not dynamically calculate a trip delay but uses the fixed Trip delay time before activating the TRIP output. The slip frequency is calculated using Equation 129. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 697 Reset time interval. If this swing is repeated for the set Max Num slips Zn3 count and the Zone 3 enable setting is “Yes”, the SWING_TR output is activated. The SWING_TR output remains activated for a time determined by the Trip dropout time setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 698: Application

    The function measures the rate of change of the impedance using two impedance measurement elements known as blinders together with a timing device. If the measured 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 699: Signals

    78 Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Positive phase sequence voltage SIGNAL Positive phase sequence current SIGNAL Negative phase sequence current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode DISABLE BOOLEAN 0=False Disable input 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 700: Settings

    Time trip output remains active V dip time 500...5000 2000 Maximum allowable time for voltage to dip Zone 2 enable 1=Yes 0=No Enable zone 2 feature 0=No Zone 3 enable 1=Yes 0=No Enable zone 3 feature 0=No 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 701: Monitored Data

    ±1.0% of the set value or ±40 ms Trip time accuracy ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms Suppression of harmonics DFT: -50 dB at f = n × f , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5... 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 702: Three-Phase Underexcitation Protection 40

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are "Enable" and "Disable". The operation of 40 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 703 V_AB, V_BC, V_CA, I_A, I_B, I_C Pos seqn { V_A,V_B,V_C } or { V_AB,V_BC,V_CA } and I_A, I_B, I_C If all three phase voltages and phase currents are fed to the protection relay, the positive-sequence alternative is recommended. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 704 The operating characteristic is a circular offset mho on the impedance plane. The operating characteristics are defined with the Offset, Diameter and Displacement settings. If the calculated impedance value enters the circle in the impedance plane, the module sends an enabling signal to start the Timer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 705 External Los Det Ena setting is set to "Enable". The total loss of excitation current or a failure in the excitation system is indicated by connecting the external binary signal to the EXT_LOS_DET input. The Timer is enabled immediately when the EXT_LOS_DET input is activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 706: Application

    The capability curve of a synchronous generator describes the underexcitation capability of the machine. An excessive capacitive load on the synchronous machine causes it to 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 707 This kind of drop-of-reactance condition can be detected by measuring the impedance of the system. The operating characteristic is an offset-mho circle in the impedance plane, and the circle is parameterized with the Offset, Diameter and Displacement setting values. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 708 Example of impedance locus in underexcitation In an example of a typical impedance locus, once the impedance locus enters the relay operation characteristics, the relay operates after a settable definite time. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 709: Signals

    Phase-to-ground voltage B or phase-to-phase voltage V_C_CA SIGNAL Phase-to-ground voltage C or phase-to-phase voltage SIGNAL Positive phase sequence voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode EXT_LOS_DET BOOLEAN 0=False External signal for excitation loss detection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 710: Settings

    1=A or AB 1=A or AB Voltage phase selection 2=B or BC 3=C or CA Table 610: 40 Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 3000 Reset delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 711: Monitored Data

    0.00...200.00 Phase-to-phase C-A impedance amplitude Z_ANGLE_CA FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Phase-to-phase C-A impedance phase angle Z1_AMPL FLOAT32 0.00...200.00 Positive sequence impedance amplitude Z1_ANGLE FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Positive sequence impedance phase angle Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 712: Technical Data

    4.7.3.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase underimpedance UZPDIS Z<G protection 4.7.3.2 Function block TRIP PICKUP V_A_AB V_B_BC V_C_CA BLOCK GUID-4C23B726-072B-4A11-BC6B-58D6B127480E V1 EN Figure 350: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 713: Functionality

    If Impedance Meas mode is set to "1Phase-phase", the Phase Sel for Z Clc setting is needed for determining which phase-phase voltages ("AB", "BC" and "CA") and currents should be used for calculating the impedance. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 714 The calculated impedances are converted to a pu impedance as the operating characteristics are defined using the Polar reach setting in %Zb. The calculated phase-phase impedance amplitudes ZAB_AMPL, ZBC_AMPL and ZCA_AMPL are available as pu values in the Monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 715 DT. When the duration of the underimpedance condition exceeds the set definite Trip delay time, the TRIP output is activated. If the impedance locus moves out of circular operating characteristics before the module operates, the reset timer is activated. If the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 716: Application

    In some situations, either of the above current settings is appropriate, but if longer tripping times are required to maintain the time selectivity, the underimpedance protection is needed. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 717 The phase voltage in a three-phase short circuit when a fault occurs at time = 0 s is shown Figure 354. The voltage drop caused by a three-phase fault provides more time for determining the fault by means of an underimpedance protection. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 718 In a typical impedance trajectory during a short circuit, the fault impedance remains inside the impedance circle for a longer time, in which case the underimpedance protection provides longer tripping delay times to maintain the time selectivity. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 719 The Polar reach setting is set to a value equal to 150 percent of the transformer short circuit impedance. The setting also provides a backup protection for the busbar and feeder faults on the HV side. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 720 In such cases, it is recommended to use the voltage-dependent overcurrent protection instead of the underimpedance protection. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 721: Signals

    Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 4.7.3.7 Settings Table 616: 21G Group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Percentage reach 1...6000 Radius of the origin centric circle Trip delay time 40...200000 Trip delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 722: Monitored Data

    Ratio of pickup time / trip time (in %) Z_AMPL_AB FLOAT32 0.00...200.00 Phase-to-phase A-B impedance amplitude Z_AMPL_BC FLOAT32 0.00...200.00 Phase-to-phase B-C impedance amplitude Z_AMPL_CA FLOAT32 0.00...200.00 Phase-to-phase C-A impedance amplitude Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 723: Technical Data

    Underpower protection 32U 4.8.1.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Underpower protection DUPPDPR P< 4.8.1.2 Function block TRIP PICKUP DISABLE BLOCK GUID-75685A44-A694-429C-BF8D-8F8174A6A775 V1 EN Figure 357: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 724: Functionality

    It is also possible to use positive-sequence components for calculating apparent power, which makes the determination of power insensitive to the possible asymmetry in currents or voltages and corresponds to the real load of the prime mover of the generator. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 725 Depending on the set Measurement mode, the power calculation calculates active power, reactive power and apparent power values from the available set of measurements. The calculated powers S, P, Q and the power factor angle, PF_ANGL, are available in the Monitored data. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 726 If the reset timer reaches the value set by Reset delay time, the operation timer resets and the PICKUP output is deactivated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 727: Application

    Where a low value of power setting is required, for example less than 2%, the correction parameters should be used to compensate for the measuring 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 728: Signals

    TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 4.8.1.7 Settings Table 624: 32U Group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Pickup value 0.01...2.00 0.01 0.10 Pickup value Trip delay time 40...300000 Trip delay time 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 729: Monitored Data

    PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time FLOAT32 -160.000...160.0 Active power FLOAT32 -160.000...160.0 Reactive power FLOAT32 0.000...160.000 Apparent power PF_ANGLE FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Power factor angle Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 730: Technical Data

    4.8.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEE C37.2 identification identification device number Reverse power/directional overpower DOPPDPR P>/Q> 32R/32O protection 4.8.2.2 Function block 32R/32O TRIP PICKUP BLOCK GUID-BBDFCB16-ED05-4ADF-94C6-8C56350F5FCD V1 EN Figure 360: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 731: Functionality

    The operation of 32R/32O can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. Level detector Timer TRIP Power calculation PICKUP U_AB U_BC Directional U_CA calculation BLOCK BLK_TRIP BLK_PICKUP FR_TIMER GUID-7AABB604-0901-4815-841F-352961249261 V1 EN Figure 361: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 732 ⋅ ⋅ Arone ⋅ − ⋅ Pos Seq = ⋅ ⋅ PhsAB ⋅ ⋅ − PhsBC ⋅ ⋅ − PhsCA ⋅ ⋅ − PhsA = ⋅ ⋅ PhsB = ⋅ ⋅ PhsC = ⋅ ⋅ 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 733 "True", the measured apparent power is turned 180 degrees. Non trippting Tripping area area Pickup value GUID-88535C85-A1BA-414B-A73C-4E9FFAF6D630 V1 EN Figure 362: Operating characteristics with the Pickup Value setting, the Power angle setting being 0 and Directional mode "Forward" 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 734 In the "Block all" mode, the whole function is blocked and the timers are reset. In the "Block TRIP output" mode, the function operates normally but the TRIP output is not activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 735: Application

    15% or more of its rated power from the system. A stiff engine may require 25% of the rated power to motor it. A well run engine may need no more than 5%. It is necessary 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 736 Tripping area Tripping Non tripping area tripping area area GUID-9E359F8D-AA8C-4954-A862-75C2B5F1327C V1 EN Figure 364: Forward active overpower characteristics (a) and forward reactive overpower characteristics (b) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 737: Signals

    Phase-to-ground voltage B or phase-to-phase voltage SIGNAL Phase-to-ground voltage C or phase-to-phase voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for activating the blocking mode Table 631: 32R/32O Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip PICKUP BOOLEAN Pickup 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 738: Settings

    Monitored data Table 635: 32R/32O Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description PICKUP_DUR FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Ratio of pickup time / trip time FLOAT32 -160.000...160.0 Active power FLOAT32 -160.000...160.0 Reactive power Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 739: Technical Data

    3) Includes the delay of the signal output contact 4.8.3 Directional reactive power undervoltage protection 32Q-27 4.8.3.1 Identification Description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Directional reactive power undervoltage DQPTUV Q> ->,3U< 32Q-27 protection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 740: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are "Enable" and "Disable". The operation of 32Q-27 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 741 To avoid false tripping, reactive power calculation is blocked if the magnitude of positive sequence current is less than the set Min PS current. The magnitude of calculated reactive power Q is available in the Monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 742 The value is available through the Monitored data view. Blocking logic There are three operation modes in the blocking function. The operation modes are controlled by the BLOCK input and the global setting Configuration/System/Blocking 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 743: Application

    85% of the rated and if reactive power is simultaneously consumed at the grid connection point (under-excited operation), the generating facility must be disconnected from the network with a time delay of 0.5 s. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 744 U<RT 32Q, 27 Q>→, 3U< 32R/32O P>/Q> 47O-/59 U2>/3V> 47U+/27 U1</3V< 50L/50NL FUSEF f</f>, df/dt GUID-1EEE1F81-BB0F-417F-BB2B-9CC55BF4DC59 V1 EN Figure 369: Application example of wind power plant as distributed power generation coupled into the utility network 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 745: Signals

    Minimum reactive power needed for function to trip Min Ps Seq current 0.02...0.20 0.01 0.05 Minimum positive sequence current Pwr sector reduction 0...10 Power sector reduction Pol reversal 0=False 0=False Reverse the definition of the positive reactive 1=True power direction 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 746: Monitored Data

    1000 measurements 2) Includes the delay of the signal output contact Arc protection AFD 4.9.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Arc protection ARCSARC 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 747: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of AFD can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 748 Once activated, the drop-off timer remains active until the input is deactivated or at least during the drop-off time. The BLOCK signal can be used to block the TRIP signal or the light signal output ARC_FLT_DET. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 749: Application

    It is possible to block the tripping and the light signal output of the arc protection stage with a binary input or a signal from another function block. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 750 The maximum recommended installation distance between the two lens sensors in the busbar area is six meters and the maximum distance from a lens sensor to the end of the busbar is three meters. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 751 When detecting the signal, the protection relay protecting the incoming feeder trips the circuit breaker of the incoming feeder and generates an external trip signal to all protection relays protecting the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 752 The busbar and the incoming feeder are protected by the sensor loop of the separate arc protection system. With arc detection at 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 753: Signals

    Arc flash detector with several protection relays and a separate arc flash detector system 4.9.6 Signals Table 644: AFD Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current SIGNAL Residual current Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 754: Settings

    Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable 4.9.8 Monitored data Table 648: AFD Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 755: Technical Data

    AFD Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal Improvement. 4.10 Motor start-up supervision 66/51LRS 4.10.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Motor start-up supervision STTPMSU Is2t n< 66/51LRS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 756: Function Block

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 66/51LRS can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 757 Motor standstill A for longer than 100 milliseconds. If any of the phase currents of the de-energized condition rises to a value 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 758 The motor start-up ends either within the value of the Str over delay time setting from the beginning of the start-up or the opening of CB or when the CB_CLOSED input is deactivated. The operation of the MOT_START output signal in this operation mode is as illustrated in Figure 378. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 759 In the “IIt” or “IIt & stall” modes, the aim of this setting is to check for the completion of the motor start-up period. The purpose of this time delay setting is to allow for short interruptions in the current without changing the state of the MOT_START output. In 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 760 OPR_IIT output is activated. The module also measures the time START_TIME required by the motor to attain the rated speed and the relative thermal stress IIT_RL. The values are available in the Monitored data view. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 761 T_ST_CNT value reduces to a value less than the value of Cumulative time Lim. The start time counter reduces at the rate of the value of Counter Red rate. The LOCK_START output becomes activated at the start of MOT_START. The output remains active for a period of Restart inhibit time. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 762: Application

    When a motor is started, it draws a current well in excess of the motor's full-load rating throughout the period it takes for the motor to run up to the rated speed. The motor starting 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 763 The starting current for slip-ring motors is less than the full load current and therefore it is advisable to use the circuit breaker in the closed position to indicate the starting for such type of motors. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 764 4 hours to allow a new start. Accordingly, the start time counter reduction should be 60 seconds in 4 hours and should thus be set to 60 s / 4 h = 15 s / h. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 765 ∑ reset (Equation 135) GUID-E7C44256-0F67-4D70-9B54-1C5042A151AF V1 EN specified start time of the motor in seconds duration during which the maximum number of motor start-ups stated by the manufacturer can be reset made; time in hours 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 766: Signals

    0...60000 Time delay to check for completion of motor startup period Table 654: 66/51LRS Group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Pickup detection A 0.1...10.0 Current value for detecting starting of motor. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 767: Monitored Data

    IIT_RL FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Thermal stress relative to set maximum thermal stress STALL_RL FLOAT32 0.00...100.00 Pickup time relative to the trip time for stall condition 66/51LRS Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 768: Technical Data

    Multipurpose protection MAP 4.11.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Multipurpose protection MAPGAPC 4.11.2 Function block AI_VALUE TRIP PICKUP BLOCK ENA_ADD GUID-D9D5B5B3-27B1-42ED-A429-A887E8D2A376 V1 EN Figure 382: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 769: Functionality

    If the input signal AI_VALUE is lower than the set Pickup value setting, the level detector value of the enables the timer module. "Over" If the input signal AI_VALUE exceeds the set value of Pickup value setting, the level detector enables the timer module. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 770: Application

    The measured temperature can be fed from the RTD sensor to the function input that detects too high temperatures in the motor bearings or windings, for example. When the ENA_ADD input is enabled, the threshold value of the internal comparator is the sum of the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 771: Signals

    1=Over 1=Over Operation mode 2=Under Table 665: MAP Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time Absolute hysteresis 0.01...100.00 0.01 0.10 Absolute hysteresis for operation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 772: Monitored Data

    Technical data Table 667: MAP Technical data Characteristic Value Operation accuracy ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 4.11.10 Technical revision history Table 668: MAP Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 773: Three-Phase Inrush Detector Inr

    I_2H and the fundamental frequency current I_1H exceeds the set value. The trip time characteristic for the function is of definite time (DT) type. The function contains a blocking functionality. Blocking deactivates all outputs and resets timers. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 774: Operation Principle

    BLK2H output is activated. After the timer has elapsed and the inrush situation still exists, the BLK2H signal remains active until the I_2H/I_1H ratio drops below the value set for the ratio in all phases, that is, until the inrush situation is over. If the drop-off situation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 775: Application

    The inrush detection function can be used to selectively block overcurrent and ground- fault function stages when the ratio of second harmonic component over the fundamental component exceeds the set value. Other applications of this function include the detection of inrush in lines connected to a transformer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 776: Signals

    Fundamental frequency phase A current I_2H_B SIGNAL Second harmonic phase B current I_1H_B SIGNAL Fundamental frequency phase B current I_2H_C SIGNAL Second harmonic phase C current I_1H_C SIGNAL Fundamental frequency phase C current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block input status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 777: Settings

    Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time 5.1.8 Monitored data Table 674: INR Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 778: Technical Data

    Circuit breaker failure protection 50BF 5.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Circuit breaker failure protection CCBRBRF 3I>/Io>BF 50BF 5.2.2 Function block GUID-12D6BD6F-2B26-453D-B62F-FC134EC98931 V3 EN Figure 387: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 779: Functionality

    Level detector Timer 1 POSCLOSE Start Retrip TRRET logic logic PICKUP Timer 2 Back-up Level trip TRBU IG OR Io detector logic Timer 3 CB_FAULT CB_FAULT_AL BLOCK GUID-982A97AE-DFE5-4AFF-B894-D12B078F25C4 V1 EN Figure 388: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 780 "Rising edge". The resetting of the function depends on the CB failure mode setting. • If CB failure mode is set to "Current", the resetting logic further depends on the CB failure trip mode setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 781 CB failure trip mode “2 out of 4" CB failure mode ”Current” Enable timer Reset POSCLOSE CB failure mode ”Breaker status” 150.0 PICKUP Pickup latching mode ”Level sensitive” BLOCK GUID-623C4380-BE93-4A7D-B65F-293C304D5691 V1 EN Figure 389: Start logic 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 782 It is often required that the total fault clearance time is less than the given critical time. This time often depends on the ability to maintain transient stability in case of a fault close to a power plant. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 783 Current value setting, whichever is longer. • If CB failure mode is set to the "Breaker status" mode, TRRET is activated if the circuit breaker is in the closed position. The TRRET output remains active for 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 784 If CB failure trip mode is set to "1 out of 3", the failure detection is based on any of the phase currents exceeding the Current value setting. Once TRBU is activated, it remains active for the time set with the Trip pulse time setting or 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 785 • If the CB failure mode setting is set to "Both", TRBU is activated when the "Breaker status" or "Current" mode conditions are satisfied. The activation of the BLOCK input deactivates the TRBU output. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 786: Application

    (unconditional). 50BF can also retrip. This means that a second trip signal is sent to the protected circuit breaker. The retrip function is used to increase the operational reliability of the breaker. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 787 The backup trip always includes a current check criterion. This means that the criterion for a breaker failure is that there is a current flow through the circuit breaker after the set backup delay time. A070696-ANSI V1 EN Figure 393: Typical breaker failure protection scheme in distribution substations 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 788: Signals

    Operating mode of function 2=Breaker status 3=Both CB fail retrip mode 1=Disabled 1=Disabled Operating mode of retrip logic 2=Without Check 3=Current check Retrip time 0...60000 Delay timer for retrip CB failure delay 0...60000 Delay timer for backup trip 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 789: Monitored Data

    Added new setting parameter Current Maximum value changed to 2.00 xIn for the value setting. Internal improvement. Current value and Current value Maximum value for Res changed from “1.00 x In” to “2.00 x In”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 790: Master Trip 86/94

    The operation of 86/94 can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 791 Trip pulse length parameter gives the minimum Non-latched pulse length for TRIP Latched TRIP is latched ; both local and remote clearing is possible. Lockout TRIP is locked and can be cleared only locally via menu or the RST_LKOUT input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 792: Application

    IO board. This signal can also be used for other purposes within the protection relay, for example when starting the breaker failure protection. 86/94 is used for simple three-phase tripping applications. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 793: Signals

    Trip RST_LKOUT BOOLEAN 0=False Input for resetting the circuit breaker lockout function Table 686: 86/94 Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN General trip output signal CL_LKOUT BOOLEAN Circuit breaker lockout output (set until reset) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 794: Settings

    Internal improvement. Trip output mode default setting is changed Setting to "Latched". Internal improvement. High-impedance fault detection HIZ 5.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number High-impedance fault detection PHIZ 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 795: Function Block

    ABB has developed a patented technology (US Patent 7,069,116 B2 June 27, 2006, US Patent 7,085,659 B2 August 1, 2006) to detect a high-impedance fault.
  • Page 796 Power system signals are acquired, filtered and then processed by individual high- impedance fault detection algorithm. The results of these individual algorithms are further processed by a decision logic to provide the detection decision. The decision logic can be modified depending on the application requirement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 797 GUID-61D297F5-783F-4CF2-BD16-18CE537C9E95-ANSI V1 EN GUID-B9AC5923-6A67-431B-A785-171FD132E1A6-ANSI V1 EN Figure 400: Validation of HIZ on gravel Figure 401: Validation of HIZ on concrete 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 798: Application

    High-impedance fault (HIZ) detection requires a different approach than that for conventional low-impedance faults. Reliable detection of HIZ provides safety to humans and animals. HIZ detection can also prevent fire and minimize property damage. ABB has 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 799: Signals

    Description Security Level 1...10 Security Level Table 693: HIZ Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable System type 1=Grounded 1=Grounded System Type 2=Ungrounded 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 800: Monitored Data

    Change Internal improvement Added inputs for Circuit Breaker Closed and Circuit Breaker Open Binary signal transfer BST 5.5.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Binary signal transfer BSTGGIO 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 801: Function Block

    The signal channel can be disabled by setting the corresponding parameter value to “Not in use”. When the signal channel is disabled locally or remotely, the corresponding RECV_SIG_1...8 signal status is always false on both ends. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 802 RECV_SIG_1...8. Also, in case the protection communication supervision detects a failure in the communication, the RECV_SIG_1...8 outputs are not set to false sooner than the minimum pulse length defined is first ensured for each signal. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 803: Application

    Local CB open Local CB open position indication position indication RED 615 RED 615 COMMUNICATION MEDIA Local CB Local CB GUID-85FE5892-DDA5-4ED9-9412-A3A48E364EFC V2 EN Figure 406: Example of usage of binary signal transfer for position indication change 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 804: Signals

    Receive signal 5 state RECV_SIG_6 BOOLEAN Receive signal 6 state RECV_SIG_7 BOOLEAN Receive signal 7 state RECV_SIG_8 BOOLEAN Receive signal 8 state SEND_SIG_A BOOLEAN General logic send signal state RECV_SIG_A BOOLEAN General logic receive signal state 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 805: Settings

    Minimum pulse time for received signal 6 Pulse time 6 0...60000 Minimum pulse time for received signal 6 Pulse time 7 0...60000 Minimum pulse time for received signal 7 Pulse time 8 0...60000 Minimum pulse time for received signal 8 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 806: Technical Data

    Internal improvement Internal improvement Emergency start-up 62EST 5.6.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Emergency start-up ESMGAPC ESTART 62EST 5.6.2 Function block GUID-3AF99427-2061-47E1-B3AB-FD1C9BF98E76-ANSI V1 EN Figure 407: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 807: Functionality

    The ST_EMERG_ENA output remains active for 10 minutes or as long as the ST_EMERG_RQ input is high, whichever takes longer. The activation of the BLOCK input blocks and also resets the timer. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 808: Application

    Type Description ST_EMERG_ENA BOOLEAN Emergency start 5.6.7 Settings Table 704: 62EST Group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Motor standstill A 0.05...0.20 0.01 0.12 Current limit to check for motor standstill condition 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 809: Monitored Data

    Table 708: ESM Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement Fault locator 21FL 5.7.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Fault locator SCEFRFLO FLOC 21FL 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 810: Function Block

    As a fundamental operation criterion, the phase current and voltage magnitudes must exceed the threshold values of 2% xIn and 3% xUn, respectively. The function can be enabled or disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable" and "Disable". 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 811: Phase Selection Logic

    The identification of the faulty phases is compulsory for the correct operation of 21FL. This is because only one of the impedance-measuring elements (fault loops) provides the correct result for a specific fault type. A three-phase fault is an exception and theoretically 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 812: Fault Impedance And Distance Calculation

    Flt loop reactance The total fault loop reactance from the substation to the fault location in primary ohms. The composition of this term is different for short-circuit and ground-faults loops as described in the following subsections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 813 Estimated is the ground return path reactance (= (X0 – X1)/3) from the substation to the fault Estimated fault resistance at the fault location fault The recorded data Flt phase reactance provides the estimated positive-sequence reactance from the substation to the fault location. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 814 The Equivalent load Dis parameter is the distance at which a single load tap corresponding to the total load of the feeder would result in a voltage drop equal to (real). The dashed curve shows the voltage drop profile in this case. drop 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 815 = 0 Ω) at that point of the feeder where the maximum actual fault voltage drop takes place. This point is typically located at the end of the main line. As a result, the calculated value is stored in the recorded data Equivalent load Dis. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 816 The following impedances are measured and stored in the recorded data of 21FL. fault Flt point resistance (Equation 144) GUID-F8007C95-5C0B-4FBA-B724-0BC45E64841F V3 EN fault Flt loop resistance (Equation 145) GUID-CB02F4ED-8E75-4C30-BB25-3F4984D75FC8 V3 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 817 21FL. Flt point resistance fault (Equation 147) GUID-2503378E-4AC5-4E9F-9D77-2E7C71592C37 V3 EN Flt loop resistance fault (Equation 148) GUID-F9E2B211-9C30-4A81-ABD4-525CC10AB7A8 V2 EN Flt loop reactance Flt phase reactance (Equation 149) GUID-049B892B-9031-4361-843B-7102E6A4DA17 V3 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 818 In case of a three- phase fault, the estimated fault point resistance equals the total fault point resistance as per phase value, for example, the arc resistance per phase. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 819 The delta-quantity describes the change in measured signal due to the fault. ∆ = fault pre fault (Equation 150) GUID-2F67A337-58A8-40F4-B752-678A8D89083E V1 EN Corresponds to the signal value during fault fault Corresponds to the signal value during healthy state just before fault pre-fault 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 820 R1 line section A and X1 line section A, R0 line section A and X0 line section A. For the short circuit loops, only positive-sequence impedances are needed. Even these can be omitted in the short circuit loops, if the setting Enable simple model equals "TRUE". 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 821 [m] between phases x and y radius [m] for single conductor GUID-F884BB08-6948-4327-843A-176A412EFF0B V1 EN Figure 416: Typical distribution line tower configurations Example values of positive-sequence impedances for typical medium voltage overhead- lines are given in the following tables. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 822 1 0 14804 ≈ Ω (Equation 152) GUID-087D1F51-4C8C-4CF4-ACE5-9F43AF0DD3FC V1 EN 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 823 The Ph capacitive React setting represents the total phase-to-ground capacitive reactance of the protected feeder per phase. Based on experience, a proper estimate for Ph leakage Ris should be about 20…40 × Ph capacitive React. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 824 XC0F Calc. This value has to be manually entered for the Ph capacitive React setting. The calculated value matches the current switching state of the feeder and thus, if the switching state of the protected feeder changes, the value should be updated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 825 A, X1 line section A, R0 line section A, X0 line section A, R1 line section B, X1 line section B, R0 line section B and X0 line section B are used for the fault distance calculation and for conversion from reactance to physical fault distance. This option should be used in the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 826 (left), and the resulting error in fault distance if the measured fault loop reactance is converted into physical fault distance by using only one line section parameters (right). Figure 419 the feeder is modelled either with one or three line sections with parameters given in Table 715. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 827 If the protected feeder consists of taps or spurs, the measured fault impedance corresponds to several physical fault locations (For example, A or B in Figure 420). The actual fault location must be identified using additional information, for example, short circuit current indicators placed on tapping points. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 828: Trigger Detection

    In case stabilization criterion has not been fulfilled, the fault distance estimate is given just before the phase currents are interrupted. The phase selection logic is a non-directional function, and thus internal triggering should not be used when directionality is required. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 829: Alarm Indication

    FLT_DISTANCE is between the settings Low alarm Dis limit and High alarm Dis limit, the ALARM output is activated. The ALARM output can be utilized, for example, in regions with waterways or other places where knowledge of certain fault locations is of high importance. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 830: Recorded Data

    Flt distance FLT_DISTANCE Flt Dist quality FLT_DIST_Q Flt loop resistance RFLOOP Flt loop reactance XFLOOP Flt phase reactance XFPHASE Flt point resistance Flt to Lod Cur ratio IFLT_PER_ILD Equivalent load Dis S_CALC XC0F Calc XC0F_CALC 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 831: Measurement Modes

    The fault distance estimates from successive trips are possible but accuracy can be decreased due to inaccurate load compensation. During the dead time of an autoreclosing sequence, the load condition of the feeder is uncertain. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 832: Signals

    BOOLEAN 0=False Signal for blocking the triggering TRIGG BOOLEAN 0=False Distance calculation triggering signal TRIGG_XC0F BOOLEAN 0=False XC0F calculation triggering signal Table 718: 21FL Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Fault location alarm signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 833: Settings

    Zero sequence line resistance, line section C X0 line section C 0.000...1000.000 ohm / pu 0.001 4.000 Zero sequence line reactance, line section C Line Len section C 0.000...1000.000 0.001 0.000 Line length, section C 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 834: Monitored Data

    7=ABC Fault -5=No fault FLT_DISTANCE FLOAT32 0.00...3000.00 Fault distance in units selected by the user FLT_DIST_Q INT32 0...511 Fault distance quality RFLOOP FLOAT32 0.0...1000000.0 Fault loop resistance in primary ohms Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 835 Pre-fault current phase B, magnitude A Pre Flt Phs B Angl FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Pre-fault current phase B, angle A Pre Flt Phs C Magn FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Pre-fault current phase C, magnitude Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 836 V Flt Phs B angle FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Fault voltage phase B, angle V Flt Phs C Magn FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Fault voltage phase C, magnitude V Flt Phs C angle FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Fault voltage phase C, angle 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 837: Technical Data

    Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Switch onto fault CBPSOF SOTF SOTF 5.8.2 Function block SOTF PICKUP TRIP PICKUP_DLYD CB_CL_CMD BLOCK GUID-3C5B975D-DA83-443A-A5B3-83A2FE5DE507 V1 EN Figure 423: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 838: Functionality

    PICKUP input is used when it is required to enable SOTF control immediately after protection function indicates a fault. • PICKUP_DLYD input is used when time delayed SOTF control enabling is needed. In this case, the delay can be set with a Trip delay time setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 839: Application

    Table 727: SOTF Output signals Name Type Description TRIP BOOLEAN Trip 5.8.7 Settings Table 728: SOTF Group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Trip delay time 0...60000 Time delay for pickup input 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 840: Monitored Data

    Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description SOTF Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 5.8.9 Technical data Table 732: SOTF Technical data Characteristic Value Trip time accuracy ±1.0% of the set value or ±20 ms 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 841: Trip Circuit Supervision Tcm

    The function contains a blocking functionality. Blocking deactivates the ALARM output and resets the timer. 6.1.4 Operation principle The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 842: Application

    Although the circuit breaker internal contact is open, TCM can see the trip circuit through R . The R resistor should have such a resistance that the current through the resistance remains small, that is, it does not harm or overload the circuit breaker's trip coil. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 843 When the circuit breaker is in the open position, the TCM sees the situation as a faulty circuit. One way to avoid TCM operation in this situation would be to block the supervision function whenever the circuit breaker is open. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 844 Buchholz relay is connected in parallel with the feeder terminal and other relays involved. The supervising current cannot detect if one or all the other contacts connected in parallel are not connected properly. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 845 Constant test current flow in parallel trip contacts and trip circuit supervision In case of parallel trip contacts, the recommended way to do the wiring is that the TCM test current flows through all wires and joints. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 846 The circuit breaker coil current is normally cut by an internal contact of the circuit breaker. In case of a circuit breaker failure, there is a risk that the protection relay trip contact is 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 847 33 kΩ, 5 W Due to the requirement that the voltage over the TCM contact must be 20 V or higher, the correct operation is not guaranteed with auxiliary operating voltages lower than 48 V DC 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 848 The following figure shows incorrect usage of a TCM circuit when only one of the contacts is used. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 849 R3 and the resistor burns immediately. As proven with the previous examples, both trip contacts must operate together. Attention should also be paid for correct usage of the trip circuit supervision while, for example, testing the protection relay. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 850: Signals

    Figure 433: Incorrect testing of protection relays 6.1.6 Signals Table 734: TCM Input signals Name Type Default Description BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block input status Table 735: TCM Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 851: Settings

    TCM Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement Current circuit supervision CCM 6.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Current circuit supervision CCSPVC MCS 3I 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 852: Function Block

    “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of CCM can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. GUID-A4F2DBEE-938F-4961-9DAD-977151DDBA13 V1 EN Figure 435: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 853 The value of the differential current is available in the monitored data view on the LHMI or through other communication tools. The value is calculated with the equation. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 854: Application

    CT cores. An unwanted blocking of protection functions during the transient stage must then be avoided. The supervision function must be sensitive and have a short trip time to prevent unwanted tripping from fast-acting, sensitive numerical protections in case of faulty CT secondary circuits. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 855 CCM compares the sum of phase currents to the current measured with the core-balanced protection relay FAIL ALARM I_REF I_REF BLOCK GUID-DA7A48EF-0F07-4665-9A09-87188E5A9982 V2 EN Figure 437: Connection diagram for reference current measurement with core- balanced current transformer 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 856 Connection diagram for current circuit supervision with two sets of three- phase current transformer protection cores When using the measurement core for reference current measurement, it should be noted that the saturation level of the measurement core is much 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 857 The currents must be measured with two independent cores, that is, the phase currents must be measured with a different core than the reference current. A connection diagram shows an example of a case where the phase currents and the reference currents are measured from the same core. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 858: Signals

    Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current I_REF SIGNAL Reference current BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for all binary outputs Table 741: CCM Output signals Name Type Description FAIL BOOLEAN Fail output ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 859: Settings

    CCM Technical data Characteristic Value <30 ms Trip time 1) Including the delay of the output contact 6.2.10 Technical revision history Table 746: CCM Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 860: Current Transformer Supervision For High-Impedance Protection Scheme Mcs-A, Mcs-B, Mcs-C

    However, by incorporating a high time delay (3 s or more), the downstream protection clears the fault before an alarm is generated. MCS-A, MCS-B, MCS-C generates an alarm when the differential current exceeds the set limit. The function operates within the DT characteristic. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 861: Operation Principle

    Functional module diagram Level detector This module compares the differential current I_A to the set Pickup value. The timer module is activated if the differential current exceeds the value set in the Pickup value setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 862: Measuring Modes

    If the bus wire is broken, differential current arises depending on the load of the feeder with the broken bus wire. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 863 CT wire in phase C. Both 87A, 87B, 87C and MCS-A, MCS-B, MCS-C receive the differential current of approximately 1.0 pu The main differential protection 87A, 87B, 87C cannot trip because of the higher current setting. All CTs must have the same ratio. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 864: Signals

    Table 750: MCS-A Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output Table 751: MCS-B Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output Table 752: MCS-C Output signals Name Type Description ALARM BOOLEAN Alarm output 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 865: Settings

    Select the operation mode for alarm output 3=Lockout Table 756: MCS-B Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Reset delay time 0...60000 Reset delay time Measurement mode 2=DFT 2=DFT Selects used measurement mode 3=Peak-to-Peak 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 866: Monitored Data

    MCS-B Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description MCS-B Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled Table 761: MCS-C Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description MCS-C Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 867: Technical Data

    Protection communication supervision PCS 6.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Protection communication supervision PCSITPC 6.4.2 Function block WARNING ALARM COMM GUID-DCE29B59-34C4-4FF9-9B6C-76BE2AEDBF31 V1 EN Figure 444: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 868: Functionality

    6.4.4 Operation principle The operation of PCS can be described by using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 869 Timer Once activated with the WARNING signal, the timer has a constant time delay value of five seconds. If the communication failure exists after the delay, the ALARM output is activated. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 870: Application

    T5→T6 time, are also measured for the station B protection relay, and vice versa. This way the time alignment factor for the local and remote samples is achieved. GUID-2DDF64E2-D635-4783-854A-A62E5EFB7186 V1 EN Figure 446: Measuring sampling latency 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 871: Signals

    Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description Health Enum 1=Ok Communication link health 2=Warning 3=Alarm -2=Waiting Alarm count INT32 0...99999 Number of alarms detected WARN_CNT INT32 0...99999 Number of warnings detected Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 872: Technical Revision History

    Function name changed from PCSRTCP to PCSITPC Fuse failure supervision 60 6.5.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Fuse failure supervision SEQSPVC FUSEF 6.5.2 Function block GUID-0A336F51-D8FA-4C64-A7FE-7A4270E621E7-ANSI V1 EN Figure 447: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 873: Functionality

    “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of 60 can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. GUID-6891B535-AE42-4785-88B9-7A1C9122C9A9 V1 EN Figure 448: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 874 The first condition requires the delta criterion to be fulfilled in any phase at the same time as the circuit breaker is closed. Opening the circuit breaker at one end and energizing the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 875 Lev for more than 5 seconds, all the phase Current dead Lin Val setting currents are below the and the circuit breaker is closed, that is CB_CLOSED is TRUE. Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 876: Application

    A fast fuse failure detection is one of the means to block voltage-based functions before they trip. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 877: Signals

    Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current SIGNAL Negative sequence current V_A_AB SIGNAL Phase A voltage V_B_BC SIGNAL Phase B voltage V_C_CA SIGNAL Phase C voltage Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 878: Settings

    Seal in voltage 0.01...1.00 0.01 0.50 Trip level of seal-in phase voltage Enable seal in 0=False 0=False Enabling seal in functionality 1=True Current dead Lin Val 0.05...1.00 0.01 0.05 Trip level for open phase current detection 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 879: Monitored Data

    1000 measurements 6.5.10 Technical revision history Table 775: 60 Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement Internal improvement Function name changed from SEQRFUF to SEQSPVC 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 880: Runtime Counter For Machines And Devices Optm

    The function can be enabled and disabled with the Operation setting. The corresponding parameter values are “Enable” and “Disable”. The operation of OPTM can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 881 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The setting has to be adjusted according to the local time and local daylight-saving time. The function contains a blocking functionality. Activation of the BLOCK input blocks both WARNING and ALARM. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 882: Application

    Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation 1=enable 1=enable Operation Disable / Enable 5=disable Warning value 0...299999 8000 Warning value for operation time supervision Alarm value 0...299999 10000 Alarm value for operation time supervision 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 883: Monitored Data

    ±0.5% Motor runtime measurement accuracy 1) Of the reading, for a stand-alone relay, without time synchronization 6.6.10 Technical revision history Table 782: OPTM Technical revision history Technical revision Change Internal improvement. Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 885: Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring 52Cm

    I t values. Alarms are generated when the calculated values exceed the threshold settings. The function contains a blocking functionality. It is possible to block the function outputs, if desired. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 886: Operation Principle

    Operation is set to “Disable”. The operation of 52CM can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. A071103 V4 EN Figure 453: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 887: Circuit Breaker Status

    The operation of the circuit breaker operation monitoring can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 888: Breaker Contact Travel Time

    A071106 V4 EN Figure 456: Functional module diagram for breaker contact travel time Traveling time calculator The travel time can be calculated using two different methods based on the setting Travel time Clc mode. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 889 The opening travel time is measured between the rising edge of the OPEN_CB_EXE command and the POSOPEN auxiliary contact. The closing travel time is measured between the rising edge of the CLOSE_CB_EXEC command and the POSCLOSE auxiliary contact. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 890 Close alarm time setting, the TRV_T_CL_ALM output is activated. It is also possible to block the TRV_T_CL_ALM and TRV_T_OP_ALM alarm signals by activating the BLOCK input. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 891: Operation Counter

    Accumulation of I Accumulation of the I t module calculates the accumulated energy. The operation of the module can be described with a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 892 The accumulated energy outputs IPOW_A (_B, _C) are available in the monitored data view on the LHMI or through tools via communications. The values can be reset by setting the parameter Initial CB Rmn life setting to true in the clear menu from WHMI or LHMI. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 893: Remaining Life Of Circuit Breaker

    The remaining life is calculated separately for all three phases and it is available as a monitored data value CB_LIFE_A (_B,_C). The values can be cleared by setting the parameter CB wear values in the clear menu from WHMI or LHMI. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 894: Circuit Breaker Spring-Charged Indication

    LHMI or through tools via communications. Alarm limit check If the time taken by the spring to charge is more than the value set with the Spring charge time setting, the subfunction generates the SPR_CHR_ALM alarm. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 895: Gas Pressure Supervision

    7.1.5 Application 52CM includes different metering and monitoring subfunctions. Circuit breaker status Circuit breaker status monitors the position of the circuit breaker, that is, whether the breaker is in an open, closed or intermediate position. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 896 Example for estimating the remaining life of a circuit breaker 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 897 Trip Curves for a typical 12 kV, 630 A, 16 kA vacuum interrupter the number of closing-opening operations allowed for the circuit breaker the current at the time of tripping of the circuit breaker Calculation of Directional Coef The directional coefficient is calculated according to the formula: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 898 A binary input is available based on the pressure levels in the function, and alarms are generated based on these inputs. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 899: Signals

    Pressure below alarm level PRES_LO BOOLEAN Pressure below lockout level OPENPOS BOOLEAN CB is in open position INVALIDPOS BOOLEAN CB is in invalid position (not positively open or closed) CLOSEPOS BOOLEAN CB is in closed position 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 900: Settings

    0...99999 The operation numbers counter initialization value Ini Acc currents Pwr 0.00...20000.00 0.01 0.00 Initial value for accumulation energy (Iyt) Life alarm level 0...99999 Alarm level for CB remaining life Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 901: Monitored Data

    IPOW_A FLOAT32 0.000...30000.00 Accumulated currents power (Iyt), phase A IPOW_B FLOAT32 0.000...30000.00 Accumulated currents power (Iyt), phase B IPOW_C FLOAT32 0.000...30000.00 Accumulated currents power (Iyt), phase C 52CM Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 902: Technical Data

    Alarm Op number range increased from 9999 to Lockout Op number setting range increased 99999. Counter initial value setting from 9999 to 99999. range increased from 9999 to 99999. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 903: Basic Measurements

    The information of the measured quantity is available for the operator both locally in LHMI or WHMI and remotely to a network control center with communication. If the measured data in LHMI or WHMI is within parentheses, there are some problems to express the data. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 904: Measurement Functionality

    These values are periodically updated with the maximum and minimum demand values. The time stamps are provided for both values. Reset of Recorded data initializes a present demand value to the minimum and maximum demand values. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 905 Phase sequence current measurement (I1, I2, I0) 1% of the nominal (In) Phase sequence voltage measurement (V1, V2, V0) 1% of the nominal (Vn) Three-phase power and energy measurement (P, E) 1.5% of the nominal (Sn) 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 906 Num of phases setting in the three- phase measurement functions IA, IB, IC and VA, VB, VC. The limit supervision boolean alarm and warning outputs can be blocked. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 907 Ps Seq V Hi high Lim , Ng Seq V Hi high Lim , Zro V Hi high Low-low limit Ps Seq V low low Lim , Ng Seq V low low Lim , Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 908 (Equation 164) GUID-5381484E-E205-4548-A846-D3519578384B V1 EN Example for IA, IB, IC: A deadband = 2500 (2.5% of the total measuring range of 40) I_INST_A = I_DB_A = 0.30 If I_INST_A changes to 0.40, the reporting delay is: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 909 (DFT). ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (Equation 165) GUID-8BF2FBFE-B33B-4B49-86AA-C1B326BBBAC1-ANSI V1 EN Once the complex apparent power is calculated, P, Q, S and PF are calculated with the equations: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 910 Depending on the unit multiplier selected with Power unit Mult, the calculated power values are presented in units of kVA/kW/kVAr or in units of MVA/MW/MVAr. GUID-9947B4F2-CD26-4F85-BF57-EAF1593AAE1B V1 EN Figure 468: Complex power and power quadrants 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 911: Measurement Function Applications

    (CTs) and voltage transformers (VTs). The proper operation of the protection relay analog measurement chain can be verified during normal service by a periodic comparison of the measured value from the protection relay to other independent meters. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 912: Three-Phase Current Measurement Ia, Ib, Ic

    Three-phase current measurement IA, IB, IC 8.1.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Three-phase current measurement CMMXU IA, IB, IC 8.1.4.2 Function block A070777-ANSI V1 EN Figure 469: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 913: Signals

    (percentage of difference between min and max as 0,001 % s) Table 797: IA,IB,IC Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Measurement mode 1=RMS 2=DFT Selects used measurement mode 2=DFT 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 914: Monitored Data

    High warning 1=True LOW_WARN BOOLEAN 0=False Low warning 1=True LOW_ALARM BOOLEAN 0=False Low alarm 1=True I_INST_A FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 IA Amplitude, magnitude of instantaneous value I_ANGL_A FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 IA current angle Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 915: Technical Data

    ±0.5% or ±0.002 × I (at currents in the range of 0.01...4.00 × I Suppression of harmonics DFT: -50 dB at f = n × f , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,… RMS: No suppression 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 916: Technical Revision History

    8.1.5.3 Signals Table 801: VA,VB,VC Input signals Name Type Default Description V_A_AB SIGNAL Phase A voltage V_B_BC SIGNAL Phase B voltage V_C_CA SIGNAL Phase C voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for all binary outputs 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 917: Settings

    Measured phase to phase voltage amplitude phase AB VBC-kV FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Measured phase to phase voltage amplitude phase BC VCA-kV FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Measured phase to phase voltage amplitude phase CA Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 918 0.00...4.00 Demand value of VCA voltage V_RANGE_CA Enum 0=normal VCA Amplitude range 1=high 2=low 3=high-high 4=low-low V_INST_A FLOAT32 0.00...5.00 VA Amplitude, magnitude of instantaneous value V_ANGL_A FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 VA angle Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 919: Technical Data

    Phase and phase-to-phase voltage angle values and demand values added to Monitored data view. Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 8.1.6 Residual current measurement IG 8.1.6.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Residual current measurement RESCMMXU 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 920: Function Block

    (percentage of difference between min and max as 0,001 % s) Table 811: IG Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Measurement mode 1=RMS 2=DFT Selects used measurement mode 2=DFT 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 921: Monitored Data

    ±0.5% or ±0.002 × I (at currents in the range of 0.01...4.00 × I Suppression of harmonics DFT: -50 dB at f = n × f , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,… RMS: No suppression 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 922: Technical Revision History

    VG Input signals Name Type Default Description SIGNAL Ground voltage BLOCK BOOLEAN 0=False Block signal for all binary outputs Table 816: VG Output signals Name Type Description HIGH_ALARM BOOLEAN High alarm HIGH_WARN BOOLEAN High warning 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 923: Settings

    VG_ANGL FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Residual voltage angle VG_DB FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Ground voltage Amplitude, magnitude of reported value VG_DMD FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Demand value of residual voltage VG_RANGE Enum 0=normal Ground voltage Amplitude 1=high range 2=low 3=high-high 4=low-low 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 924: Technical Data

    Internal improvement Internal improvement 8.1.8 Frequency measurement f 8.1.8.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Frequency measurement FMMXU 8.1.8.2 Function block GUID-7561C612-FAFD-41ED-830C-3EA81E305594 V1 EN Figure 473: Function block 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 925: Functionality

    (percentage of difference between min and max as 0,001 % s) Table 824: f Non group settings (Advanced) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Def frequency Sel 1=Nominal 1=Nominal Default frequency selection 2=Zero 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 926: Monitored Data

    35 Hz to 10 Hz. 8.1.9 Sequence current measurement I1, I2, I0 8.1.9.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Sequence current measurement CSMSQI I1, I2, I0 I1, I2, I0 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 927: Function Block

    Ng Seq A High limit 0.00...40.00 0.05 High warning current limit for negative sequence current Ng Seq A low limit 0.00...40.00 0.00 Low warning current limit for negative sequence current Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 928: Monitored Data

    I2_RANGE Enum 0=normal Negative sequence current 1=high amplitude range 2=low 3=high-high 4=low-low I1_INST FLOAT32 0.00...40.00 Positive sequence current amplitude, instantaneous value I1_ANGL FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Positive sequence current angle Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 929: Technical Data

    , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,… 8.1.9.7 Technical revision history Table 832: I1, I2, I0 Technical revision history Technical revision Change Sequence current angle values added to the Monitored data view. Internal improvement. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 930: Sequence Voltage Measurement V1, V2, V0

    Ps Seq V low limit 0.00...4.00 0.00 Low warning voltage limit for positive sequence voltage Ps Seq V low low Lim 0.00...4.00 0.00 Low alarm voltage limit for positive sequence voltage Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 931: Monitored Data

    V1-kV FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Measured positive sequence voltage V0-kV FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Measured zero sequence voltage V2_INST FLOAT32 0.00...4.00 Negative sequence voltage amplitude, instantaneous value V2_ANGL FLOAT32 -180.00...180.00 Negative sequence voltage angle Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 932: Technical Data

    ±2 Hz At voltages in range 0.01…1.15 × V ±1.0% or ±0.002 × V Suppression of harmonics DFT: -50 dB at f = n × f , where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,… 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 933: Three-Phase Power And Energy Measurement P, E

    Type Default Description SIGNAL Phase A current SIGNAL Phase B current SIGNAL Phase C current SIGNAL Phase A voltage SIGNAL Phase B voltage SIGNAL Phase C voltage RSTACM BOOLEAN 0=False Reset of accumulated energy reading 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 934: Settings

    Reset of accumulated energy 1=True reading S-kVA FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Total Apparent Power 99.9 S_DB FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Apparent power, magnitude of 99.9 reported value S_DMD FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Demand value of apparent 99.9 power Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 935 Time max dmd P Timestamp Time of maximum demand Time min dmd P Timestamp Time of minimum demand Time max dmd Q Timestamp Time of maximum demand Time min dmd Q Timestamp Time of minimum demand 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 936: Technical Data

    Internal improvement. Internal improvement. 8.1.12 Single-phase power and energy measurement SP, SE 8.1.12.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Single-phase power and energy SPEMMXU SP, SE SP, SE measurement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 937: Function Block

    Unit multiplier for presentation of the energy related values Active power Dir 1=Forward 1=Forward Direction of active power flow: forward, reverse 2=Reverse Reactive power Dir 1=Forward 1=Forward Direction of reactive power flow: forward, 2=Reverse reverse 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 938: Monitored Data

    Max demand SL1 FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Maximum demand for phase A 99.9 Max demand SL2 FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Maximum demand for phase B 99.9 Max demand SL3 FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Maximum demand for phase 99.9 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 939 Time max dmd PL2 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase B Time max dmd PL3 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase C Time max dmd QL1 Timestamp Time of maximum demand phase A Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 940 Demand value of apparent 99.9 power, phase B S_DMD_C FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Demand value of apparent 99.9 power, phase C P_INST_A FLOAT32 -999999.9...9999 Active power, magnitude of 99.9 instantaneous value, Phase A Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 941 Power factor, magnitude of instantaneous value, Phase C PF_DB_A FLOAT32 -1.00...1.00 Power factor, magnitude of reported value, Phase A PF_DB_B FLOAT32 -1.00...1.00 Power factor, magnitude of reported value, Phase B Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 942 Phase C ER_FWD_ACM_A INT64 0...999999999 kVArh Accumulated forward reactive energy value, Phase A ER_FWD_ACM_B INT64 0...999999999 kVArh Accumulated forward reactive energy value, Phase B ER_FWD_ACM_C INT64 0...999999999 kVArh Accumulated forward reactive energy value, Phase C 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 943: Technical Data

    8.2.2.1 Recorded analog inputs The user can map any analog signal type of the protection relay to each analog channel of the disturbance recorder by setting the Channel selection parameter of the corresponding 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 944: Triggering Alternatives

    Both high level and low level violation triggering can be active simultaneously for the same analog channel. If the duration of the limit violation condition exceeds the filter time of approximately 50 ms, the recorder triggers. In case of 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 945: Length Of Recordings

    The user can view the number of recordings currently in memory with the Number of recordings monitored data. The currently used memory space can be viewed with the Rec. memory used monitored data. It is shown as a percentage value. The maximum number of recordings is 100. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 946: Sampling Frequencies

    One complete disturbance recording consists of two COMTRADE file types: the configuration file and the data file. The file name is the same for both file types. The configuration file has .CFG and the data file .DAT as the file extension. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 947: Deletion Of Recordings

    Deleting all disturbance recordings at once is done either with PCM600 or any appropriate computer software, or from the LHMI via the Clear/Digital fault recorder menu. Deleting all disturbance recordings at once also clears the pre-trigger recording in progress. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 948: Storage Mode

    In this case, the event is sent via the state change (TRUE) of the Memory full parameter. When there is memory available again, another event is generated via the state change (FALSE) of the Memory full parameter. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 949: Exclusion Mode

    One analog signal type of the protection relay can be mapped to each of the analog channels of the disturbance recorder. The mapping is done with the Channel selection parameter of the corresponding analog channel. The name of the analog channel is user- 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 950: Application

    The disturbance recorder is used for post-fault analysis and for verifying the correct operation of protection relays and circuit breakers. It can record both analog and binary signal information. The analog inputs are recorded as instantaneous values and converted 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 951: Settings

    Exclusion time 0...1 000 000 The time during which triggerings of same type are ignored Storage rate 32, 16, 8 samples per Storage rate of fundamental the waveform cycle recording Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 952 Default Description Periodic trig 0...604 800 Time between time periodic triggerings Stor. mode 0=Waveform Storage mode periodic 1=Trend / cycle for periodic triggering Stor. mode 0=Waveform Storage mode manual 1=Trend / cycle for manual triggering 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 953 34=VC 35=V12B 36=V23B 37=V31B 38=VA-B 39=VB-B 40=VC-B Channel id text 0 to 64 DR analog Identification characters, channel X text for the alphanumeric analog channel used in the COMTRADE format Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 954 COMTRADE format Table 852: DFR Control data Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Trig recording 0=Cancel Trigger the 1=Trig disturbance recording Clear 0=Cancel Clear all recordings 1=Clear recordings currently in memory 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 955: Monitored Data

    New channels added to parameter Channel selection Trig Recording and Clear Selection names for Recordings updated Channel selection setting are Symbols in the updated New channels IL1C, IL2C and IL3C added to Channel selection parameter Internal improvement Internal improvement 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 956: Tap Changer Position Indication 84T

    “Enable” and “Disable”. When the function is disabled, the tap position quality information is changed accordingly. When the tap position information is not available, it is recommended to disable this function with the Operation setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 957 (BI3...BI0) have a typical factor to the natural binary coding. The sum of the values should not be more than 9. If the nibble sum is greater than 9, the tap position output validity is regarded as bad. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 958 END_POS_R and END_POS_L are connected. Table 855: Truth table of the decoding modes Inputs TAP_POS outputs SIGN_ NAT2I BCD2I GRAY2 Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 959 Section 8 1MAC059074-MB A Measurement functions Inputs TAP_POS outputs 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 960: Application

    BOOLEAN 0=False Binary input sign bit END_POS_R BOOLEAN 0=False End position raise or highest allowed tap position reached END_POS_L BOOLEAN 0=False End position lower or lowest allowed tap position reached TAP_POS INT8 Tap position indication 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 961: Settings

    Binary input sign bit 1=True END_POS_R BOOLEAN 0=False End position raise or highest 1=True allowed tap position reached END_POS_L BOOLEAN 0=False End position lower or lowest 1=True allowed tap position reached TAP_POS INT8 -63...63 Tap position indication 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 962: Technical Data

    Response time for binary inputs Typically 100 ms 8.3.10 Technical revision history Table 861: 84T Technical revision history Technical revision Change Added new input TAP_POS Internal improvement Added new inputs END_TPOS_R and END_TPOS_L Added a new output TAP_POS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 963: Circuit Breaker Control 52, Disconnector Control 29Ds And Grounding Switch Control 29Gs

    Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Circuit-breaker control CBXCBR I<->O CB Disconnector control DCXSWI I <-> O DCC 29DS Grounding switch control ESXSWI I <-> O ESC (1) 29GS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 964: Function Block

    The circuit breaker, disconnector and grounding switch control functions have an operation counter for closing and opening cycles. The counter value can be read and written remotely from the place of operation or via LHMI. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 965: Operation Principle

    However, the BLK_CLOSE input always blocks the CLOSE_ENAD output. The CB opening (OPEN_ENAD) logic is the same as CB closing logic, except that SYNC_OK is used only in closing. The SYNC_ITL_BYP input is used in both CLOSE_ENAD and OPEN_ENAD logics. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 966 The CB opening (OPEN_ENAD) logic is identical to CB closing logic. The ITL_BYPASS input is used in both CLOSE_ENAD and OPEN_ENAD logics. GUID-5C49E128-422F-4991-A7FE-6FB61B72CFD9 V1 EN Figure 483: Enabling and blocking logic for CLOSE_ENAD and OPEN_ENAD signals 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 967 Condition for enabling the close request (CL_REQ) for 52 When the open command is given from communication, via LHMI or activating the AU_OPEN input, it is processed only if OPEN_ENAD is TRUE. OP_REQ output is also available. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 968 When the Adaptive pulse is set to “TRUE”, it causes a variable pulse width, which means that the output pulse is deactivated when the object state shows that the apparatus has entered the correct state. If 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 969 AU_OPEN and AU_CLOSE inputs. AU_OPEN and AU_CLOSE control the object directly regardless of the set Control model. These inputs can be used when control is wanted to be implemented purely based on ACT logic and no additional exception 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 970: Application

    29DS and 29GS. When primary components are controlled in the energizing phase, for example, the correct execution sequence of the control commands must be ensured. This can be achieved, for example, with interlocking based on the status indication of the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 971: Signals

    0=False Signal for open position of apparatus from I/O POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0=False Signal for close position of apparatus from I/O ENA_OPEN BOOLEAN 1=True Enables opening ENA_CLOSE BOOLEAN 1=True Enables closing Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 972 0=False Apparatus open position POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0=False Apparatus close position ENA_OPEN BOOLEAN 1=True Enables opening ENA_CLOSE BOOLEAN 1=True Enables closing BLK_OPEN BOOLEAN 0=False Blocks opening BLK_CLOSE BOOLEAN 0=False Blocks closing Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 973 BOOLEAN Apparatus open position CLOSEPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus closed position OKPOS BOOLEAN Apparatus position is ok OPEN_ENAD BOOLEAN Opening is enabled based on the input status CLOSE_ENAD BOOLEAN Closing is enabled based on the input status 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 974: Settings

    Breaker operation cycles Adaptive pulse 0=False 1=True Stop in right position 1=True Event delay 0...10000 Event delay of the intermediate position Vendor External equipment vendor Serial number External equipment serial number Model External equipment model 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 975 Pulse length 10...60000 Open and close pulse length Control model 0=status-only 4=sbo-with- Select control model 1=direct-with- enhanced-security normal-security 4=sbo-with- enhanced-security Operation timeout 10...60000 30000 Timeout for negative termination Identification ESXSWI1 switch Control Object identification position 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 976: Monitored Data

    Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description POSITION Dbpos 0=intermediate Apparatus position indication 1=open 2=closed 3=faulty Table 877: 29GS Monitored data Name Type Values (Range) Unit Description POSITION Dbpos 0=intermediate Apparatus position indication 1=open 2=closed 3=faulty 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 977: Technical Revision History

    Disconnector position indication 52-TOC, 29DS and Grounding switch indication 29GS 9.2.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Disconnector position indication DCSXSWI I<->O DC 52-TOC, 29DS Grounding switch indication ESSXSWI I<->O ES 29GS 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 978: Function Block

    The binary input filtering time can be adjusted separately for each digital input used by the function block. The validity of digital inputs that indicate the object state is used as additional information in indications and event logging. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 979: Application

    Table 883: 29GS Input signals Name Type Default Description POSOPEN BOOLEAN 0=False Signal for open position of apparatus from I/O POSCLOSE BOOLEAN 0=False Signal for close position of apparatus from I/O 1) Not available for monitoring 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 980: Settings

    Vendor External equipment vendor Serial number External equipment serial number Model External equipment model Table 888: 29GS Non group settings (Basic) Parameter Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Identification ESSXSWI1 switch Control Object identification position 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 981: Monitored Data

    29GS Technical revision history Technical revision Change Maximum and default values changed to 60 s and 30 Event delay settings. s respectively for Outputs OPENPOS and CLOSEPOS are forced to “FALSE” in case status is Faulty (11). 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 982: Synchronism And Energizing Check 25

    The energizing check function checks that at least one side is dead to ensure that closing can be done safely. The function contains a blocking functionality. It is possible to block function outputs and timers if desired. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 983: Operation Principle

    Dead bus value and Dead line value settings. Similarly, the actual values of live line or bus are defined with the Live bus value and Live line value settings. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 984 The measured bus and line frequency are both within the range of 95 to 105 percent of the value of f • The measured voltages for the line and bus are less than the set value of Max energizing V. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 985 50...250 ms. The selected Closing time of CB informs the function how long the conditions have to persist. The Synchro check function compensates for the measured slip frequency and the circuit 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 986 TRUE (logic '1') and it stays TRUE as long as the conditions are fulfilled. The command input is ignored in the continuous control mode. The mode is used for situations where Synchro check only gives the permission to the control block that executes the CB closing. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 987 Maximum Syn time, the Synchro check function delivers a closing signal to the circuit breaker after the command signal is delivered for closing. Closing Closing command request GUID-2AF445C8-388A-42DF-B5B3-070C34F3C7AB V2 EN Figure 495: A simplified block diagram of 25 in the command mode operation 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 988 The CL_FAIL_AL alarm output signal is pulse- shaped and the pulse length is 500 ms. If the external command signal is removed too early, that is, before conditions are fulfilled and the closing pulse is given, the alarm timer is reset. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 989 Maximum Syn time + 5s. Maximum Syn time Close pulse GUID-4DF3366D-33B9-48B5-8EB4-692D98016753 V2 EN Figure 498: Determination of the alarm limit for a still-active command signal 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 990 In application where the power transformer is located between the voltage measurement and the vector group connection gives phase difference to the voltages between the high- and low-voltage sides, the angle adjustment can be used to meet synchronism. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 991 The rotation of the phasors is counterclockwise. The generic rule is that a low-voltage-side phasor lags the high-voltage-side phasor by clock number * 30º. This is called angle difference adjustment and can be set for 25 with the Phase shift setting. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 992: Application

    B performs a synchrocheck and, if the network and the generator are in synchronism, closes the circuit breaker. V_Line V_Line V_Bus V_Bus GUID-3C69BD5D-5D9F-44C7-87C8-D25C70829B97 V2 EN Figure 500: Synchrocheck function 79 checking energizing conditions and synchronism 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 993 The phase-to-phase voltages are measured from the busbar and also one phase-to-phase voltage from the line is measured. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 994: Signals

    Blocking signal of the synchro check and voltage check function Table 896: 25 Output signals Name Type Description SYNC_INPRO BOOLEAN Synchronizing in progress SYNC_OK BOOLEAN Systems in synchronism CL_FAIL_AL BOOLEAN CB closing failed Table continues on next page 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 995: Settings

    Voltage high limit line for energizing check Dead bus value 0.1...0.8 Voltage low limit bus for energizing check Live bus value 0.2...1.0 Voltage high limit bus for energizing check Max energizing V 0.50...1.15 0.01 1.05 Maximum voltage for energizing 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 996: Monitored Data

    Voltage difference out of limit 1=True for synchronizing PH_DIF_SYNC BOOLEAN 0=False Phase angle difference out of 1=True limit for synchronizing FR_DIFF_SYNC BOOLEAN 0=False Frequency difference out of 1=True limit for synchronizing Enum 1=Enabled Status 2=blocked 3=test 4=test/blocked 5=Disabled 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 997: Technical Data

    Added new setting the input signals V_BUS (bus voltage) and V_LINE (line voltage) between each other. Autoreclosing 79 9.4.1 Identification Function description IEC 61850 IEC 60617 ANSI/IEEE C37.2 identification identification device number Autoreclosing DARREC O -> I 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 998: Function Block

    The Control line setting is a bit mask, that is, the lowest bit controls the INIT_1 line and the highest bit the INIT_6 line. Some example combinations of the Control line setting are as follows: 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 999: Zone Coordination

    1½-breaker, double breaker or ring-bus arrangement can be achieved. One unit is defined as a master and it executes the reclosing first. If the reclosing is successful and no trip takes place, the 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 1000: Thermal Overload Blocking

    Thm block time, the AR function goes to lockout. If the BLK_THERM input is activated when the auto wait timer is running, the auto wait timer is reset and the timer restarted when the BLK_THERM input deactivates. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 1001: Operation Principle

    AR_ON is activated when reclosing operation is enabled. The operation of 79 can be described using a module diagram. All the modules in the diagram are explained in the next sections. A070864 V3 EN Figure 504: Functional module diagram 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

  • Page 1002: Signal Collection And Delay Logic

    Each channel that is capable of delaying a pickup signal has four time delays. The time delay is selected based on the shot pointer in the AR function. For the first reclose attempt, 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 1003 Str 4 delay shot 4 Normally, only two or three reclosing attempts are made. The third and fourth attempts are used to provide the so-called fast final trip to lockout. GUID-36912067-F77E-457B-87D8-637CE0FA73A6 V1 EN Figure 506: Autoreclosing configuration example 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 1004 Signal scheme of autoreclosing operation initiated with protection pickup signal The autoreclosing shot is initiated with a trip signal of the protection function after the pickup delay time has elapsed. The autoreclosing picks up when the Str 2 delay shot 1 setting elapses. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...
  • Page 1005 "63", which means that all initiation signals activate the OPEN_CB output. The lowest bit in the Tripping line setting corresponds to the INIT_1 input, the highest bit to the INIT_6 line. 615 series ANSI Technical Manual...

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