Ford Transit 2002 Owner's Manual page 868

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The fuel injector consists of two main sections.
Electrically operated solenoid control valve.
Mechanically operated fuel injection valve.
The solenoid control valve has a switching time of approximately 0.3 milliseconds. This
short switching time is achieved by keeping the moving components and the distances
required to function to a minimum. The design of the fuel injector chambers means that at
no time does the solenoid control valve work against any major forces other than that of the
solenoid valve spring.
The fuel injector needle works on a combination of hydraulic and spring control.
All injectors are calibrated to take into account manufacturing tolerances. These calibrations
are indicated on the exterior of the injector by a code. The code is used by the PCM to
adjust the duration of the injection cycle.
If the codes for the individual injector's are incorrectly matched to the codes stored in the
PCM, the engine may exhibit rough idle, increased combustion noise and black smoke
emissions.
Fuel injector working state closed
Item Part Number
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2 -
3 -
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6 -
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With the solenoid valve de-energised, the injection control valve is held in the closed
position by the injection control valve spring. Fuel pressure above and below the injection
Injector needle lower chamber fuel inlet choke
Injector needle upper chamber fuel inlet choke
Description
Solenoid valve
Injection control valve
Injector needle upper chamber
Injector needle control spring
Injector needle
Injector needle lower chamber
High-pressure fuel feed
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