Cadillac 60 Series 1963 Shop Manual page 220

ENGINE MECHANICAL
9-27
For cars in current production, pistons may
be ordered from the factory Parts Warehouse for
the entire range of cylinder sizes. Past model
standard size and .010 inch oversize pistons are
available from the factory Parts Warehouse only
in " K " , " L " , " M " , "KK", " L L " , and "MM"
code sizes. If cylinders are being reconditioned
to .020 inch or .030 inch oversize, no selectivity
is necessary. Simply order .020 inch or .030 inch
oversize pistons.
Before ordering pistons for replacement, it is
extremely important to check the sizes of the
cylinder bores by actual measurement. Actual
measurement at the time of replacement is the
only certain way to avoid error in ordering.
An outside micrometer and an inside micro-
meter are required to determine piston clearance.
The outside micrometer, used for measuring
piston diameter, must be adjusted to turn freely
so that it can be adjusted up to the piston with a
very light turning effort on the screw. If it is
adjusted to get a frictional feel over the piston,
it will show several tenths of a thousandth smaller
than its actual size. With practice, fractional
thousandths can be checked accurately.
The inside micrometer for measuring the cylin-
ders may be used with or without an extension
handle and should be adjusted so the screw turns
sufficiently tight to retain its setting while check-
ing the cylinder at the different points to be
measured.
The direct readings shown on the inside micro-
meter should not be taken as the cylinder sizes.
With one end of the micrometer contacting the
cylinder wall and the other being oscillated,
adjust the micrometer until it will just slip
through the cylinder with a light drag. Remove
the micrometer and measure its length with the
outside micrometer, obtaining the same feel as
when measuring the piston.
By this method, even if the two micrometers
do not agree in readings, no error will result
in arriving at the actual clearance of the piston
in the cylinder.
25. Cylinder Bore Reconditioning
Worn cylinder bores can be reconditioned by
reboring and honing. If cylinders are being r e -
conditioned to .020 inch or .030 inch oversize,
the bores should be finished as close to the
mean dimension as possible to obtain the most
satisfactory piston and ring fit.
26. Connecting Rod Alignment
The connecting rods are carefully aligned at
the factory and it is not necessary to check their
alignment in the field. Only in cases of damage
will they become misaligned. If this condition
does exist, the piston pin and rod assembly
should be replaced. Do not attempt to straighten
connecting rods.
27. Connecting Rod and Piston
Installation
1. Remove connecting rod cap from connecting
rod and install bearing inserts in bofch cap and
rod, being careful to locate bearing tangs in
locating notches.
2. Install piston and capless rod in cylinder
bore with "REAR" on piston toward rear of
engine, using Piston Inserting Sleeve, J-5569,
Fig. 9-30. Use Connecting Rod Guide Set, J-3224
to guard crankpin journals from rod bolts.
CAUTION: Extreme care must be exercised
when installing pistons and rods to be sure
rod is lined up with crankshaft journal and
does not stick or bind on counterweights.
3. Pull piston and connecting rod down into
position on crankshaft and remove Connecting
Rod Guide Set, J-3224.
4. Install connecting rod cap and bearing over
connecting rod bolts, making sure numbered side
of cap is on same side as numbered side of rod.
5. Install remaining seven piston and connect-
ing rod assemblies in the same manner.
NOTE: Recheck to see that numbered sides
of connecting rods on Nos. 1, 3, 5, and 7 rods
are on left side of engine, and Nos. 2, 4, 6, and
Piston
Inserting
Sleeve Tool
No. J-5569
Fig. 9-30 Piston Installation in Cylinder