High-Speed I/O Timing - Altera Cyclone IV Device Handbook

6–36
before the next edge; this may lead to pattern-dependent jitter. With pre-emphasis, the
output current is momentarily boosted during switching to increase the output slew
rate. The overshoot produced by this extra switching current is different from the
overshoot caused by signal reflection. This overshoot happens only during switching,
and does not produce ringing.
The Quartus II software allows two settings for programmable pre-emphasis
control—0 and 1, in which 0 is pre-emphasis off and 1 is pre-emphasis on. The default
setting is 1. The amount of pre-emphasis needed depends on the amplification of the
high-frequency components along the transmission line. You must adjust the setting
to suit your designs, as pre-emphasis decreases the amplitude of the low-frequency
component of the output signal.
Figure 6–20
Figure 6–20. The Output Signal with Pre-Emphasis

High-Speed I/O Timing

This section discusses the timing budget, waveforms, and specifications for
source-synchronous signaling in Cyclone IV devices. Timing for source-synchronous
signaling is based on skew between the data and clock signals.
High-speed differential data transmission requires timing parameters provided by IC
vendors and requires you to consider the board skew, cable skew, and clock jitter. This
section provides information about high-speed I/O standards timing parameters in
Cyclone IV devices.
Table 6–11
Table 6–11. High-Speed I/O Timing Definitions (Part 1 of 2)
Parameter
Transmitter channel-to-channel skew
Sampling window
Time unit interval
Receiver input skew margin
Cyclone IV Device Handbook,
Volume 1
shows the differential output signal with pre-emphasis.
Positive channel (p)
Negative channel (n)
defines the parameters of the timing diagram shown in
Symbol
The timing difference between the fastest and slowest output
(1)
TCCS edges, including t
included in the TCCS measurement.
The period of time during which the data must be valid in order for
you to capture it correctly. The setup and hold times determine
SW
the ideal strobe position in the sampling window.
T = T
SW
The TUI is the data-bit timing budget allowed for skew,
TUI
propagation delays, and data sampling window.
RSKM is defined by the total margin left after accounting for the
sampling window and TCCS. The RSKM equation is:
RSKM
RSKM
Chapter 6: I/O Features in Cyclone IV Devices
Overshoot
V
OD
Undershoot
Description
variation and clock skew. The clock is
CO
+ T + PLL jitter.
SU hd

TUI SW TCCS
– –
= --------------------------------------------------
2
High-Speed I/O Timing
Figure 6–21.
March 2016 Altera Corporation