Table of Contents
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Suspension General Diagnosis............. 2A–1
Diagnostic Information and Procedures........... 2A–1
Diagnostic Starting Point -
Suspension General Diagnosis........................ 2A–1
Symptoms - Suspension General Diagnosis ..... 2A–1
Ride Diagnosis ................................................... 2A–1
Vehicle Leads/Pulls............................................ 2A–2
Body Leans or Sways in Corners....................... 2A–3
Suspension Bottoms .......................................... 2A–3
Torque Steer ...................................................... 2A–4
Memory Steer .................................................... 2A–5
Noise Diagnosis - Front Suspension.................. 2A–5
Noise Diagnosis - Rear Suspension .................. 2A–7
Wheel Bearings Diagnosis ................................. 2A–8
Suspension Strut and
Shock Absorber Testing - On Vehicle .............. 2A–9
Ball Joint Inspection ......................................... 2A–10
Trim Height Inspection ..................................... 2A–10
Specifications.................................................... 2A–12
Trim Height Specifications ............................... 2A–12
Special Tools and Equipment .......................... 2A–14
Special Tools -
Suspension General Diagnosis...................... 2A–14
Front Suspension ................................... 2B–1
General Description ............................................ 2B–1
General Description ........................................... 2B–1
Caster Description ............................................. 2B–1
Camber Description ........................................... 2B–2
Toe Description .................................................. 2B–2
Setback Description ........................................... 2B–2
Thrust Angles Description .................................. 2B–2
Lead/Pull Description ......................................... 2B–3
Torque Steer Description ................................... 2B–3
Memory Steer Description ................................. 2B–3
Wander Description ........................................... 2B–3
Scrub Radius Description .................................. 2B–3
Diagnostic Information and Procedures........... 2B–4
Vibration Analysis - Hub and/or Axle Input ........ 2B–4
Repair Instructions ............................................. 2B–7
Stabilizer Shaft Link Replacement ..................... 2B–7
Stabilizer Shaft Insulator Replacement .............. 2B–8
Stabilizer Shaft Replacement............................. 2B–9
Lower Ball Joint Replacement ......................... 2B–10
Front Wheel Bearing and Hub Replacement ... 2B–11
Wheel Stud Replacement ................................ 2B–14
Hub/Axle Flange and
Wheel Stud Runout Inspection ...................... 2B–15
Section 2
Suspention
CONTENTS
Lower Control Arm Replacement ..................... 2B–16
Front Lower Control Arm Bushing
Replacement (Rear Bushing)......................... 2B–18
Strut Assembly Replacement........................... 2B–18
Suspension Strut Disposal ............................... 2B–20
Strut, Strut Component and/or
Spring Replacement....................................... 2B–21
Steering Knuckle Replacement........................ 2B–23
Measuring Wheel Alignment ............................ 2B–25
Front Caster Adjustment .................................. 2B–26
Front Camber Adjustment ................................ 2B–26
Front Toe Adjustment....................................... 2B–27
Specifications.................................................... 2B–28
Fastener Tightening Specifications -
Front Suspension ........................................... 2B–28
Fastener Tightening Specifications -
Wheel Alignment ............................................ 2B–28
Wheel Alignment Specifications....................... 2B–28
Special Tools and Equipment .......................... 2B–29
Special Tools - Front Suspension .................... 2B–29
Rear Suspension .................................... 2C–1
General Description ............................................ 2C–1
General Description ........................................... 2C–1
Camber Description ........................................... 2C–1
Toe Description .................................................. 2C–1
Setback Description ........................................... 2C–2
Thrust Angles Description .................................. 2C–2
Lead/Pull Description ......................................... 2C–2
Scrub Radius Description................................... 2C–2
Diagnostic Information and Procedures ........... 2C–3
Vibration Analysis - Hub and/or Axle Input......... 2C–3
Repair Instructions ............................................. 2C–5
Measuring Wheel Alignment .............................. 2C–5
Hub/Axle Flange and
Wheel Stud Runout Inspection......................... 2C–6
Stabilizer Shaft Link Replacement ..................... 2C–7
Stabilizer Shaft Insulator Replacement .............. 2C–9
Stabilizer Shaft Replacement........................... 2C–10
Rear Wheel Bearing and Hub Replacement .... 2C–11
Wheel Stud Replacement ................................ 2C–13
Rear Axle Upper Control Arm Replacement .... 2C–14
Rear Axle Lower Control Arm Replacement .... 2C–15
Shock Absorber Replacement ......................... 2C–17
Shock Absorber Disposal................................. 2C–18
Coil Spring Replacement ................................. 2C–19
Coil Spring Insulators Replacement................. 2C–21
Trailing Arm Replacement................................ 2C–22
Table of Contents 2- i
2
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Table of Contents
Troubleshooting
