Suzuki XL7 2007 Service Manual page 1000

2B-2 Front Suspension:
Camber Description
Camber is the tilting of the wheels from the vertical when
viewed from the front of the vehicle. When the wheels tilt
outward at the top, the camber is positive (+). When the
wheel tilts inward at the top, the camber is negative (−).
The amount of tilt is measured in degrees from the
vertical. Camber settings influence the directional control
and the tire wear.
Too much positive camber will result in premature wear
on the outside of the tire and cause excessive wear on
the suspension parts.
Too much negative camber will result in premature wear
on the inside of the tire and cause excessive wear on the
suspension parts.
Unequal side-to-side camber of 1 degree or more will
cause the vehicle to pull or lead to the side with the most
positive camber.
Toe Description
Toe is a measurement of how much the front and/or rear
wheels are turned in or out from a straight-ahead
position. When the wheels are turned in, toe is positive
(+). When the wheels are turned out, toe is negative (−).
The actual amount of toe is normally only a fraction of a
degree. The purpose of toe is to ensure that the wheels
roll parallel.
Toe also offsets the small deflections of the wheel
support system that occur when the vehicle is rolling
forward. In other words, with the vehicle standing still
and the wheels set with toe-in, the wheels tend to roll
parallel on the road when the vehicle is moving.
Improper toe adjustment will cause premature tire wear
and cause steering instability.
Setback Description
Setback applies to both the front and the rear wheels.
Setback is the amount that one wheel may be aligned
behind the other wheel. Setback may be the result of a
road hazard or a collision. The first clue is a caster
difference from side-to-side of more than 1 degree.
Thrust Angles Description
The front wheels aim or steer the vehicle. The rear
wheels control tracking. This tracking action relates to
the thrust angle (3). The thrust angle is the path that the
rear wheels take. Ideally, the thrust angle is
geometrically aligned with the body centerline (2).
In the illustration, toe-in is shown on the left rear wheel,
moving the thrust line (1) off center. The resulting
deviation from the centerline is the thrust angle.
If the thrust angle is not set properly the vehicle may
"dog track", the steering wheel may not be centered or it
could be perceived as a bent axle. Thrust angle can be
checked during a wheel alignment.
Positive thrust angle means the thrust line is pointing to
the right hand side (RHS) of the vehicle.