Suzuki Baleno Manual page 1543

6A3-4 ENGINE MECHANICAL (J18 TYPE ENGINE)
CYLINDER BLOCK
The cylinder block is made of cast aluminum alloy and
has 4 cylinders arranged in "In-Line".
A cylindrical cast iron sleeve is installed in each cylin-
der.
CRANKSHAFT AND MAIN BEAR-
INGS
A monoblock crankshaft made of cast iron is sup-
ported by 5 main bearings which are of precision in-
sert type. 4 crank pins on the crankshaft are posi-
tioned 1805 apart.
PISTONS, RINGS, PISTON PINS
AND CONNECTING RODS
The piston is cast aluminum alloy, and has two com-
pression rings (top and 2nd rings), and one oil ring.
The outer surface of the top ring is treated with nitrid-
ing for improvement in abrasion resistance.
The oil ring consists of two rails and one spacer.
The piston pin is offset 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) towards the
major thrust side.
This allows a gradual change in thrust pressure
against the cylinder wall as the piston travels its path.
Pins, made of chromium steel, have a floating fit in the
pistons and connecting rods. The connecting rods are
made of forged steel, and the rod bearings are preci-
sion insert type.
CYLINDER HEAD, VALVE TRAIN
AND HYDRAULIC VALVE LASH
ADJUSTERS
The cylinder head is made of cast aluminum alloy and
has 4 combustion chambers arranged in-line. The
combustion chamber is pent roof type and a spark
plug is positioned in the center of combustion cham-
ber and between intake ports and exhaust ports.
The double overhead camshafts (intake and exhaust)
driven by the crankshaft through the timing chains are
mounted on the cylinder head. Each of them has 8
cams and they operate the intake valves and exhaust
valves respectively via the hydraulic valve lash adjust-
ers.
OPERATION OF HYDRAULIC VALVE LASH
ADJUSTER
The hydraulic valve lash adjuster, located between
the camshaft and valve stem, is direct acting type.
With the engine oil delivered into it from the oil pump,
the adjuster operates as follows so as to adjust the
valve lash (clearance) to "0" automatically at all time.
1. When the camshaft doesn't push the bucket body,
the bucket body is pushed against the cam and the
body against the stem by the plunger spring force.
In this state, the valve lash is kept to "0". (At "0"
valve lash, the oil pressure becomes equal in the
chambers "A" and "B", and the check ball closes
the passage between these two chambers.)
2. When the cam crest of the camshaft starts pushing
the bucket body, the bucket body and plunger are
pushed downward and at the same time the body
is pushed upward by the counter force from the
valve stem. As a result, the chamber "B" is com-
pressed and the pressure rises high.
Then the oil in the chamber "B" leaks through the
slight clearance between the body and plunger.
However, as the compression time is very short,
the volume hardly changes and thus the bucket
body, plunger and body, substantially as one unit,
push down the valve stem to open the valve.
3. When the push of the cam crest of the camshaft
against the bucket body is over, the operation as
described in above 1 starts again. As the oil pres-
sure in the chamber "B" is lower than that in "A" (for
the oil in the chamber "B" under high pressure has
leaked gradually in above 2), the oil pressure in the
chamber "A" pushes the check ball open to allow
the oil to flow from the chamber "A" to chamber "B"
till the oil pressure becomes equal between the two
chambers.