Agilent Technologies ENA Series User Manual page 180

Fixture Simulator
Example of using fixture simulator
Figure 7-21 Measurement circuit simulated by fixture simulator
First, the effect of an undesired network can be eliminated by port extension and/or
network de-embedding. In Figure 7-20, since calibration standards cannot be connected to
the DUT terminals to perform calibration, calibration should be performed at the
connectors to the test fixture. Using port extension and/or network de-embedding enables
you to remove an undesired network by using data processing and moving the calibration
reference plane to the DUT's side equivalently. This function is performed for a
single-ended port even if balance-unbalance conversion is applied to the port.
Port reference impedance conversion converts measured S-parameters to those at arbitrary
port reference impedance. In Figure 7-20, since the single-ended port of the DUT is
connected to the E5070A/E5071A's test port (50 W, single-ended), port reference
impedance conversion is not required. This function is performed for a single-ended port
even if balance-unbalance conversion is applied to the port.
Matching circuit embedding converts measured S-parameters to those when a matching
circuit is added to the DUT's terminal. This function is performed for a single-ended port
even if balance-unbalance conversion is applied to the port.
Balance-unbalance conversion converts S-parameters measured at an unbalanced state to
mixed-mode S-parameters measured at a balanced state. The balanced port signal can be
evaluated by using differential mode and common mode signals.
Differential matching circuit embedding converts measured S-parameters to those when a
matching circuit is added to the DUT's differential mode port.
Differential port reference impedance conversion converts a differential port reference
impedance to a arbitrary impedance. Port reference impedance Z [W] at the two
single-ended ports before balance conversion is automatically converted to 2Z [W] for
differential mode port and Z/2 [W] for common mode port after balance conversion.
Accordingly, if port reference impedance conversion is not performed for the two
single-ended ports before balance conversion, differential mode port reference impedance
Zd becomes 50 W ´ 2 = 100 W, and common mode port reference impedance Zc becomes
50 W / 2 = 25 W. Since the differential port is terminated with 200 W in Figure 7-18,
differential port reference impedance Zd should be set to 200 W.
172 Chapter 7