Paragraph
Number
1.1
1.1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.1.1
1.2.1.2
1.2.1.3
1.2.1.4
1.2.1.5
1.2.2
1.2.2.1
1.2.2.2
1.2.2.3
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.4.1
1.2.4.2
1.2.5
1.2.5.1
1.2.5.2
1.2.5.3
1.2.6
1.3
Contents
CONTENTS
Tltle
Page
Number
Audience ............................................................................................................. xxii
Organization ........................................................................................................ xxii
Suggested Reading ............................................................................................. xxiii
Conventions ....................................................................................................... xxiv
Tenninology Conventions •.....•.•••..................•••••••.•..•..............•••••..•.•...•..•.•..•.. xxviii
Chapter 1
Overview
Overview .............................................................................................................. 1-1
Instruction Flow ........................................................................ .' ...................... 1-8
Fetch Unit .................................................................................................... 1-8
Decode/Dispatch Unit .................................................................................. 1-9
Completion Unit .......................................................................................... 1-9
Rename Buffers ......................................................................................... 1-10
Execution Units .............................................................................................. 1-10
Integer Units (IUs) ..................................................................................... 1-10
Load/Store Unit (LSU) .............................................................................. 1-11
Cache Implementation ..........•..•.••••••.••••••••••••••••••• , ••.......•.....................•......... 1-12
Instruction Cache ....................................................................................... 1-13
Data Cache •••.••.................••••••••.••••••..••..•.•.......................••...•••••••..••••••••••••• 1-13
(BIU) .........•.••..•••••••......•••.•...•..•.••••••.••.
1-14
Memory Accesses ..•..••••••..•............•..........•••..•••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1-16
Signals ........................................................................................................ 1-16
Signal Coofiguration .................................................................................. 1-17
Clocking ......................................................................................................... 1-18
iii