Protocols - Avaya Definity SI Maintenance Manual

Protocols

Protocols
This section describes the protocols handled by the system and the points where
these protocols change.
transmission state changes.
equipment, like a terminal or host, through DCE equipment, like a modem or data
module, into a communications port on the system. The data flow is shown by
solid lines. Below these lines are the protocols used at particular points in the data
stream.
Not shown in the
ISDN-PRI and ISDN-BRI transmissions. PRI and BRI D-channels transport
information elements that contain call-signaling and caller information. These
elements conform to ISDN level-3 protocol. In the case of BRI, the elements are
created by the terminal or data module; for the PRI, the elements are created by
the system, which inserts them into the D-channel at the DS1 port.
For ISDN transmissions, therefore, BRI terminals and data modules, and DS1
ports insert, interpret, and strip both layer-2 DCE information and layer-3
elements. Also, the DS1 port passes layer-3 elements to the system for
processing.
Layers
The Open System Interconnect (OSI) model for data communications contains
seven layers, each with a specific function. Communications to and through the
system concern themselves only with layers 1 and 2 of the model.
Layer 1, or the physical layer, covers the physical interface between devices and
the rules by which bits are passed. Among the physical layer protocols are
RS-232, RS-449, X.21, DCP, DS1, and others.
Layer 2, or the data-link layer, refers to code created and interpreted by the DCE.
The originating equipment can send blocks of data with the necessary codes for
synchronization, error control, or flow control. With these codes, the destination
equipment checks the physical-link reliability, corrects any transmission errors,
and maintains the link. When a transmission reaches the destination equipment, it
strips any layer-2 information the originating equipment may have inserted. The
destination equipment only passes to the destination DTE equipment the
information sent by the originating DTE equipment. The originating DTE
equipment can also add layer-2 code to be analyzed by the destination DTE
equipment. The DCE equipment treats this layer as data and passes it along to
the destination DTE equipment as it would any other binary bits.
Layers 3 to 7 (and the DTE-created layer 2) are embedded in the transmission
stream and are meaningful only at the destination DTE equipment. Therefore,
they are shown in the figure as "user-defined," with no state changes until the
transmission stream reaches its destination.
555-233-123
Figure 1-1 on page 1-10
Figure 1-1 illustrates the flow of data from DTE
Figure 1-1 on page 1-10
is a pictorial guide through data-
is the treatment of D-channels in
Issue 4 May 2002 1-9