Keithley SourceMeter 2600 Series Reference Manual

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Series 2600 System SourceMeter

Reference Manual

2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006

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Page 1 Series 2600 System SourceMeter ® Reference Manual 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 G R E A T E R M E A S U R E C O N F I D E N C E...
Page 2 WARRANTY Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year from date of shipment. Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
Page 4 Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page. Revision A (Document Number 2600S-901-01)..............May 2006 All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments, Inc. Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Page 5 Keithley products are designed for use with electrical signals that are rated Measurement Category I and Measurement Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Measurement Category I and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages.
Page 6 (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Getting Started Introduction ....................Capabilities and features ..............Organization of manual sections ............General information ..................Warranty information ................Contact information ................Safety symbols and terms ..............Unpacking and inspection ..............Options and accessories ..............User’s manual ..................Reference manual ................
Page 8 TSP Programming Fundamentals Introduction ....................Test Script Processor (TSP) ..............Run-time environment ................. Queries ....................Scripts ....................Named scripts ..................Functions ..................... Scripts that create functions ..............Programming overview ................What is a chunk? ................. What is a script? .................. Run-time environment .................
Page 9 Differences: remote vs. local state ............2-50 Memory considerations ................2-52 Test Script Language (TSL) reference ............. 2-53 Introduction ..................2-53 Reserved words ................. 2-53 Variables and types ................2-53 Operators ................... 2-54 Functions ................... 2-55 Tables/arrays ..................2-56 Precedence ..................2-57 Logical operators ................
Page 10 Auto zero ..................... NPLC caching ..................Triggering ....................Triggering types ................... Measurement triggering ..............4-10 Front panel triggering ................. 4-11 Remote triggering ................4-12 Basic source-measure procedure ............4-13 Front panel source-measure procedure ..........4-13 Remote source-measure procedure ..........4-14 Measure only ....................
Page 11 Sweep programming examples ............5-11 Custom sweep example ..............5-14 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Overview ....................Range ......................Available ranges .................. Maximum source values and readings ..........Ranging limitations ................Manual ranging ..................Auto ranging ..................Low range limits ................... Range considerations ................
Page 12 Source-Measure Concepts Overview ....................Compliance limit ..................Maximum compliance ................Compliance principles ................. Sweep waveforms ..................Staircase sweeps ................. Pulse sweeps ..................Overheating protection ................Power equations to avoid overheating ..........Operating boundaries ................8-10 Source or sink ..................8-10 Continuous power operating boundaries ...........
Page 13 Digital I/O Port Overview ....................10-2 Digital I/O port ..................10-2 Port configuration ................10-2 Digital I/O configuration ..............10-4 Controlling digital I/O lines ..............10-5 Output Enable (Models 2601/2602) ............10-9 Overview .................... 10-9 Operation ................... 10-9 Front panel control of Output Enable ..........10-9 Remote control of Output Enable ............
Page 14 Error messages ................11-14 Instrument Control Library Command programming notes ..............12-2 Conventions ..................12-2 Functions and attributes ..............12-3 TSP-Link nodes ................. 12-5 Logical instruments ................12-5 Reading buffers ................. 12-6 Time and date values ................ 12-8 ICL functions and attributes list ..............12-9 beeper function and attribute ..............
Page 15 Display Operations Display functions and attributes ............... 14-2 Display features ..................14-3 Display screen ................... 14-3 Measurement functions ..............14-3 Display resolution ................14-4 Display messages ..................14-4 Clearing the display ................14-5 Cursor position ................... 14-5 Displaying text messages ..............14-6 Input prompting ..................
Page 16 Calibration Introduction ....................16-2 Environmental conditions ................. 16-2 Temperature and relative humidity ............ 16-2 Warm-up period ................. 16-2 Line power ..................16-2 Calibration considerations ................ 16-3 Calibration cycle ................16-3 Recommended calibration equipment ..........16-4 Calibration errors ................16-5 Calibration ....................16-5 Calibration steps ................
Page 17 Queues ....................Status function summary ..............Clearing registers and queues ..............Programming and reading registers ............D-10 Programming enable and transition registers ........D-10 Reading registers ................D-11 Status byte and service request (SRQ) ........... D-11 Status byte register ................D-11 Service request enable register ............
Page 18 Source Measure to GPIB ..............Source Measure Pass/Fail to GPIB ............ Function/ Range Change Rates ..............Source Range Change Rate .............. Measure Range Change Rate ............Function Change Rate ................ Command Processing ................Display Character Codes Introduction ....................
Page 19 List of Illustrations Getting Started Figure 1-1 Series 2600 front panels ................. Figure 1-2 Series 2600 rear panels ................ 1-10 Figure 1-3 Display modes..................1-16 TSP Programming Fundamentals Figure 2-1 Script example..................Figure 2-2 Programming model for scripts ............. 2-10 Figure 2-3 GPIB cable ....................
Page 20 Figure 3-9 High-impedance guarding ..............3-10 Figure 3-10 Noise shield................... 3-11 Figure 3-11 Safety shield for hazardous voltage using two 2601/2602 channels (>42V) ....................3-12 Figure 3-12 Connections for test circuit shown in Figure 3-11........3-12 Figure 3-13 Safety shield for Model 2611/2612 hazardous voltage (200V maximum) ...................
Page 21 Figure 8-12 Source V configuration ................8-26 Figure 8-13 Measure only configurations ..............8-27 Figure 8-14 Contact check circuit configuration............8-28 Figure 8-15 Comparison of unguarded and guarded measurements....... 8-31 Figure 8-16 Pulse period ..................8-32 Figure 8-17 Pulse rise and fall times ................ 8-33 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Figure 9-1...
Page 22 Routine Maintenance Figure 17-1 Line fuse replacement ................17-2 Specifications Error and Status Messages Common Commands Status Model Figure D-1 Status model overview ................Figure D-2 Status model (system summary and standard event registers) ..... Figure D-3 Status model (operation event registers)..........Figure D-4 Status model (questionable event registers) ..........
Page 23 List of Tables Getting Started Table 1-1 Main menu..................... 1-20 Table 1-2 Configuration menus ................1-21 Table 1-3 Default settings..................1-25 TSP Programming Fundamentals Table 2-1 Example script to sweep V and measure I ..........2-40 Table 2-2 Example script using a function............. 2-41 Table 2-3 Example interactive chunk fragment for a script ........
Page 24 Buffer (Data Store) Table 7-1 Data store commands ................Table 7-2 Buffer storage control attributes .............. Table 7-3 Buffer read-only attributes ............... Table 7-4 Buffer control programming examples ............ Table 7-5 Buffer read-only attribute programming examples ........Table 7-6 Recall attributes ..................Table 7-7 Buffer status bits..................
Page 25 Table 15-3 Model 2611/2612 output voltage accuracy limits........15-9 Table 15-4 Model 2601/2602 voltage measurement accuracy limits ....15-11 Table 15-5 Model 2611/2612 voltage measurement accuracy limits..... 15-11 Table 15-6 Model 2601/2602 output current accuracy limits......... 15-13 Table 15-7 Model 2611/2612 output current accuracy limits ......... 15-14 Table 15-8 Model 2601/2602 current measurement accuracy limits.....
Page 26 Display Character Codes Table F-1 Display character codes (decimal 0-143) ..........Table F-2 Display character codes (decimal 144-255) ..........
Page 27 Section 1 Getting Started Section 1 topics Introduction, page 1-2 Menus, page 1-19 Capabilities and features, page 1-2 Main menu, page 1-19 Organization of manual sections, page 1-3 Configuration menus, page 1-19 General information, page 1-3 Interface selection, page 1-22 Warranty information, page 1-3...
Page 28: Getting Started
Digital I/O port: allows the Series 2600 to control other devices. 1. All Model 2611/2612 System Source Meters manufactured by Keithley Instruments support the contact check function. Only Model 2601/2602s with firmware revision 1.1.0 or later and SMU hardware revision E or later sup- port the contact check function.
Page 29: Organization Of Manual Sections
Contact information If you have any questions, please contact your local Keithley Instruments representative or call one of our Application Engineers at 888-Keithley (534-8453) or 800-552-1115 (U.S. and Canada only). You can also contact Application Engineering online at www.keithley.com.
Page 30: Unpacking And Inspection
Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The CAUTION heading used in this manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty. Unpacking and inspection Inspection for damage The Series 2600 was carefully inspected electrically and mechanically before shipment.
Page 31: Options And Accessories
Digital I/O port cables (connects Digital I/O to other devices): Model 2600-TLINK trigger cable – Connects the Digital I/O port of series 2600 instruments to other Keithley instruments equipped with Trigger Link (TLINK). CA-126-1 DB-25 cable – DB-25 male to female DB-25 cable, 1.5m (5ft) long, used to connect the Digital I/O port to other instruments.
Page 32: User's Manual
Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual User’s manual A printed copy of the User’s Manual is a supplied item for the Series 2600. It is also provided on the product information CD-ROM as a PDF. This manual provides the fundamental operating information for the instrument. Reference manual The Reference Manual is provided on the product information CD-ROM as a PDF.
Page 33: Getting Started
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started Figure 1-1 Series 2600 front panels Model 2601 and Model 2611 KEITHLEY SourceMeter POWER Model 2602 and Model 2612 KEITHLEY SourceMeter POWER NOTE The Models 2601 and 2611 have one SourceMeter channel (Channel A), and the Models 2602 and 2612 have two SourceMeter channels (Channel A and Channel B).
Page 34 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual 1 Special keys and power switch: DISPLAY Toggles between the various source-measure displays and the user message mode. Selects Model 2602/2612 single or dual-channel display. CONFIG Use to configure a function or operation. POWER Power switch –...
Page 35 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started Bottom Row LOAD Loads factory or user-defined scripts for execution. Runs last selected factory or user-defined scripts. STORE Stores readings, source values, and timestamp values in one of two internal buffers for later recall. RECALL Recalls stored readings, source values, and timestamp values from either of the two buffers.
Page 36 1-10 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 1-2 Series 2600 rear panel CHANNEL A CAT I CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 1 topics...
Page 37 Female DB-25 connector. 14 pins for digital input or output, one pin for Output Enable (2601/2602) or Safety Interlock (2611/2612); +5V and GND pins are also provided. Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1CA).
Page 38: Cooling Vents
1-12 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Cooling vents The Series 2600 has side intake and rear exhaust vents. One side must be unobstructed when rack mounted to dissipate heat. NEVER place a container of liquid (e.g., water, coffee, etc.) on the top cover. If it spills, the liquid will enter the case through the vents and cause severe damage.
Page 39: Power-Up
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-13 Power-up Line power connection Follow the procedure below to connect the Series 2600 to line power and turn on the instrument. The SourceMeter operates from a line voltage of 100V to 240V at a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz.
Page 40: Power-Up Sequence
Appendix NOTE If a problem develops while the instrument is under warranty, return it to Keithley Instruments, Inc., for repair. Assuming no errors occur, the Series 2600 will power-up as follows: • After a few seconds with the OUTPUT indicators and display pixels on, the instrument model number, firmware revision levels, and line frequency setting are briefly displayed.
Page 41: Beeper
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-15 Beeper With the beeper enabled, a beep will be issued to acknowledge the following actions: • A short beep, emulating a keyclick, is issued when a front panel key is pressed. •...
Page 42: Figure 1-3 Display Modes
1-16 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 1-3 Display modes DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 1 topics...
Page 43: Editing Controls
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-17 Editing controls Source and compliance editing When the Series 2600 is in the edit mode (EDIT annunciator on), the editing controls are used to set source and compliance values. Note that source auto ranging will turn off when editing the source value.
Page 44: Menu Navigation
1-18 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Modify the compliance limit value in either one of two ways: • Rotate the Rotary Knob to adjust the digit. Note that the digit will automatically overflow or underflow to the next digit when the minimum or maximum is reached.
Page 45: Menus
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-19 Numeric entry method Use the CURSOR keys or rotate the Rotary Knob to place the blinking cursor on the most significant digit to be edited. Key in a digit by pressing a number entry key (0 to 9). The cursor will move to the next digit on the right.
Page 46: Table 1-1 Main Menu
1-20 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 1-1 Main menu Menu selection Description Reference SAVESETUP Save/recall user and factory setups. Section 1 SAVE Save up to five user setups. RECALL Recall user setups. POWERON Set power-on default configuration. RESET Reset Series 2600 to factory defaults.
Page 47: Table 1-2 Configuration Menus
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-21 Table 1-2 Configuration menus Menu selection Shortcut Description Reference CHANNEL-A Configure channel A: V-source sense, low range; I-source low range. Section 4 MEAS MEAS V and I -Measure sense, low range; auto zero. Section 4 LIMIT LIMIT...
Page 48: Interface Selection
1-22 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Interface selection The following summarizes basic interface selection for the Series 2600. Details on the interfaces, including configuration, are provided in Section 11. Use the editing controls for Menu navigation described earlier in this section to select and config- ure the interface.
Page 49: Default Settings
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-23 Default settings The Series 2600 can be restored to one of six setup configurations: five user- saved setups, and the original factory defaults. As shipped from the factory, the Series 2600 powers up to original default settings, which are also saved in the five user setup locations.
Page 50: Remote Operation Setups
1-24 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Remote operation setups Saving and restoring user setups The setup.save and setup.recall commands are used to save and recall user setups: Save present setup in memory. setup.save(n) Recall saved user setup from memory. setup.recall(n) where: n = 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5...
Page 51: Table 1-3 Default Settings
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Getting Started 1-25 Table 1-3 Default settings Setting Default A/D Controls: Auto-zero Auto Line frequency Auto (firmware version 1.2.0 or later) No effect (firmware versions earlier than 1.2.0) Beeper Data Store No effect Digital output: Output value No effect Write protect...
Page 52: Remote Programming
1-26 Getting Started Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 1-3 (cont.) Default settings Setting Default Source: Function Voltage Current value Voltage value Current range 100nA Voltage range 100mV Speed Normal (1 PLC) Triggering: Trigger-in source Immediate Count Finite Interval Delay TSP-Link node 7.
Page 53 Section 2 TSP Programming Fundamentals Section 2 topics Introduction, page 2-2 User scripts, page 2-40 Programming overview, page 2-7 Script examples, page 2-40 Installing the Test Script Builder software, Creating a user script, page 2-43 page 2-11 System connections, page 2-11 Saving a user script, page 2-44...
Page 54: Tsp Programming Fundamentals
Keithley Instruments’ Test Script Processor based instruments can operate as conventional instruments by responding to a sequence of command messages sent by a controller. They are also capable of much more.
Page 55 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-3 Commands do not need to be sent as separate messages. The two commands from above can be combined into one message, and thereby one chunk, by concatenating the two commands together with a space separating them. The resulting chunk would be as follows: smua.source.levelv = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON Run-time environment...
Page 56 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The active script can be run at any time by sending the command script.run() The active script can be run many times without needing to re-send it. Each time command is given, the active script will be executed. script.run() Sending a new script using the messages will...
Page 57 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-5 functions, may return values. Unlike functions, scripts may not take any parameters. In order to pass parameters to a chunk, you must make a TSL function. Return to Section 2 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev.
Page 58 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Functions are created with a message in one of the following forms: MyFunction = function (parameter1, parameter2) function body end function MyFunction(parameter1, parameter2) function body end Where is a TSP chunk that will be executed when the function is function body called.
Page 59 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-7 Programming overview What is a chunk? A chunk is a single programming statement or a sequence of statements that are executed sequentially. There are non-scripted chunks and scripted chunks. Single statement chunk – The following programming statement is a chunk: print ("This is a chunk") When the above chunk is executed, it returns the following string: This is a chunk...
Page 60: Figure 2-1 Script Example
Section 2. There are two types of scripts: Factory scripts and user scripts. A factory script was created by Keithley Instruments at the factory and stored in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600 SourceMeter. Factory scripts cannot be removed from non-volatile memory.
Page 61 The fundamental programming model for scripts is shown in Figure 2-1. Factory scripts (created by Keithley Instruments at the factory) are permanently stored in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600. User-created scripts can also be stored in non-volatile memory. When the Series 2600 is turned on, all user scripts and factory script functions are recalled into the run-time environment from non-volatile memory.
Page 62 Restore scripts in the run-time environment from non-volatile memory. Figure 2-2 Programming model for scripts Host PC User’s Program Test Script Builder KEITHLEY Series 2600 Run-Time Non-Volatile Environment Memory 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 2 topics...
Page 63: Figure 2-3 Gpib Cable
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-11 Installing the Test Script Builder software To install the TSP software, close all programs, place the CD (Keithley part number: KTS-850) into your CD-ROM drive and follow the on-screen instructions.
Page 64 2-12 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The GPIB cable connectors are stackable. For additional non-Series 2600 GPIB instruments in the test system, daisy-chain a GPIB cable from one instrument to another. GPIB address At the factory, the GPIB is set for address value 26. The address value can be set to any address value between 0 and 30.
Page 65 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-13 The RS-232 settings can be changed from the communications menu. To access the menu, press the MENU key, select COMMUNICATIONS, and then select RS-232. The RS-232 settings are stored in non-volatile memory. The settings will not change when power is cycled or a reset command ( or *RST) is sent.
Page 66 2-14 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 2-5 Test Script Builder (example Script Editor Programming Interaction Project Navigator 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 2 topics...
Page 67 Start button on the task bar. For a default installation, follow this menu path to start the Test Script Builder: Start > Programs > Keithley Instruments > Test Script Builder Workspace Launcher – During the initial start-up of TSB, the Workspace Launcher window will be displayed as shown below.
Page 68 2-16 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Opening communications In order to activate communications between Test Script Builder and the SourceMeter, an instrument must be opened. The tool bar on the Instrument Console tab is used to open or close communications. Figure 2-6 illustrates how to open and close communications.
Page 69 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-17 Figure 2-6 Opening and closing communications Return to Section 2 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 70 2-18 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Creating and modifying a script The flowcharts in Figure 2-7 show the basic processes to create and modify a script using the Test Script Builder. The labels (A through G) are used to identify reference links provided after the illustration.
Page 71 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-19 Creating a project folder When a project folder is created, the following actions occur: • The project folder is added to the Project Navigator. • A script file (named “main”) is created and placed in the project folder. •...
Page 72 2-20 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Writing or modifying a script A script is a list of ICL commands and TSL statements. Figure 2-5 shows a simple example of a script. When this script is run, it performs a beeper test. After sounding the beeper for three seconds at 1kHz, the message “Test Completed”...
Page 73: Figure 2-10 Creating A New Script File
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-21 Creating new script files A script project can be made up of one or more script files. Figure 2-10 shows how to add a script file to a project folder. Figure 2-10 Creating a new script file Return to...
Page 74 2-22 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Renaming a project folder and/or script file When a new project is created, a script file (named “main”) is also created and placed in the Folder. Figure 2-11 shows a project folder and script file that has been created and added to the Project Navigator.
Page 75 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-23 Script launch configuration A script is to be loaded into the Series 2600 where it will be executed (run). The launch configuration options include the following: • Select which script files will be included in the launch. •...
Page 76 2-24 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Displaying the launch configuration window A launch is configured from the Run dialog box. As shown in Figure 2-13, use the tool bar at the top of the Test Script Builder to open the launch configuration win- dow.
Page 77 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-25 Selecting a configuration When a project is created using the Test Script Builder, a Configuration name for the launch is also created. The project name is altered to append “_Script” to it. For example, for a project named “SourceMeasure,”...
Page 78 2-26 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Script storage is set from the Script Attributes tab of the Run window and is shown Figure 2-14. In the Script Attributes tab, click Volatile or Non-volatile. After selecting non-volatile memory, Auto Run can be enabled (√) to automatically run the script whenever the SourceMeter is turned on.
Page 79 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-27 Running a TSP file A TSP (.tsp) file does not have to be launched (loaded) into the Series 2600 in order to be run. The code for a TSP file can simply be sent to the Series 2600 and executed.
Page 80 2-28 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 2-17 Importing a script (e.g., KIGeneral_Script) from memory of the Series 2600 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 2 topics...
Page 81: Figure 2-18 Instrument Console Icons
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-29 Instrument Console With communications established with the SourceMeter, the Instrument Console is used for the following operations: • Execute chunks, which are individual ICL commands and TSL programming statements. • Display returned data (readings and messages).
Page 82 Instrument – Clicking this menu item opens a submenu to select items that perform the same operations as some of the other toolbar icons. Also included in the menu is the Flash item. The Keithley Instruments Flash Programmer is used to download firmware upgrades into the Series 2600.
Page 83 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-31 • Script File – Selecting this item will open a browser that allows you to locate a TSP file stored in your computer or network. With the File Name displayed in the browser, click Open to run the TSP file. •...
Page 84 The first page of Language Help pro- vides links to the major topics of the help file. Browser View tab When on-line to the internet, this tab serves as a browser for the Keithley Instruments web site (www.keithley.com). Bookmarks tab Tasks tab This tab displays bookmarks that are placed in the Script Editor by the user.
Page 85 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-33 Navigator. When a bookmark is clicked, the first line for that function will be displayed and highlighted in the Script Editor. Figure 2-19 Programming interaction tabs: Problems, Tasks and Command Help Problems Tasks Command Help...
Page 86 2-34 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 2-20 Programming interaction tabs: Language Help, Bookmarks, Browser View Language Help Bookmarks Browser View 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 2 topics...
Page 87 Flash programmer When a firmware upgrade for the Series 2600 becomes available, it can be downloaded from the Keithley Instruments website (www.keithley.com). New or enhanced factory scripts may be included in the upgrade. The file for the firmware upgrade can then be installed in the Series 2600 using the flash programmer.
Page 88 2-36 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual 5. Type in a name for the new workspace folder (e.g., workspace2) and press Enter. 6. In the browser, click OK, and then click OK in the Workspace Launcher. Test Script Builder will close and then re-open using the new workspace.
Page 89 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-37 Importing a project from another workspace A project (along with its script files) can be imported from another workspace folder that resides in your file system. This is explained in Figure 2-22, which imports a project named KI2602Demo_ASimpleTest.
Page 90: Figure 2-23 Deleting A Project
2-38 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Deleting projects and/or script files Deleting a project To delete a project, right-click the project in the Project Navigator and then click Delete in the mouse menu to display the Confirm Project Delete window (see Fig- 2-23).
Page 91 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-39 Sending commands and statements Using your own program or the Test Script Builder, non-scripted chunks can be executed one line at a time. Responses (e.g., readings) are then transmitted back to the PC.
Page 92 2-40 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Displayed messages and input prompts are used in scripts to prompt the operator to enter parameter values from the front panel. See “Interactive script” (later in this section) for more information. User scripts User scripts can be written using your own program or the Test Script Builder.
Page 93: Table 2-2 Example Script Using A Function
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-41 Script using a function TSL facilitates grouping commands and statements using the keyword. function Therefore, a script can also consist of one or more functions. Once a script has been RUN, the host computer can then call a function in the script directly. The script in Table 2-2 contains an ICL command to set measurement speed...
Page 94 2-42 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 2-3 Example interactive chunk fragment for a script Script Chunk Fragment (Test Script Builder or User’s Program) --Prompt operator to select channel: chan = display.menu ("Select Channel", "smua smub") if (chan == "smua") then chan = smua if (chan == "smub") then...
Page 95 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-43 Creating a user script To create a script and load it, the test program (chunk) must be framed by the following shell commands: , and loadscript loadandrunscript endscript Load only – The following scripts will load only into the run-time environment of the Series 2600.
Page 96 2-44 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Saving a user script A created and loaded script does not have to be saved in non-volatile memory of the Series 2600 before it can be run. However, an unsaved script will be lost when the Series 2600 is turned off.
Page 97 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-45 Running a named script Any named script that is in the run-time environment can be run using one of the following commands. Both commands perform the same operation. myscript() myscript.run() where: is the user-defined name of the script.
Page 98 2-46 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Autoexec script One script can be designated as the autoexec script. When the Series 2600 is turned on, the autoexec script will start after all the autorun scripts have run. loadscript autoexec loadandrunscript autoexec An autoexec script can be formed by creating a new script and naming it...
Page 99 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-47 After adding a name to the User menu, the script can then be run from the front panel as follows: 1. Press the LOAD key. 2. Select User. 3. Select the user script to run and press the RUN key. Modifying a user script A user script stored in non-volatile memory can be modified by retrieving the script listing for the script.
Page 100 2-48 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The following function retrieves a script listing. The script chunk is returned, along with the shell keywords ( , and loadscript loadandrunscript endscript myscript.list() where: is the user-defined name of the script. myscript Example: Retrieve the listing for a saved script named “test7”:...
Page 101 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-49 Factory scripts A factory script is basically the same as a user script, except a factory script is cre- ated by Keithley Instruments at the factory and is permanently stored in non-volatile memory. Factory scripts are documented in Section Most of the information for “User...
Page 102 2-50 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The following command returns a catalog listing of the factory scripts stored in the Series 2600: script.factory.catalog() Example: Retrieve the catalog listing for factory scripts: for name in script.factory.catalog() do print (name) The following function retrieves a script listing.
Page 103 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-51 Local state The following actions will cancel the remote state and return the instrument to the local state: • Cycling power for the instrument. • Pressing front panel LOCAL key (if it is not locked out). •...
Page 104 2-52 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Memory considerations (run-time environment) The Series 2600 reserves 8MB of memory for dynamic run-time use. Of this memory, the firmware requires up to approximately 5MB for normal system operation. That leaves approximately 3MB of remaining memory that is available to the user.
Page 105 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-53 Test Script Language (TSL) reference Introduction A script is a program that the Test Script Processor (TSP) executes. A script is written using the Test Script Language (TSL). TSL is an efficient language, with simple syntax and extensible semantics.
Page 106 2-54 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Nil is a type with a single value, nil , whose main property is to be different from any other value. Global variables have a nil value by default—before a first assignment—and you can assign nil to a global variable to delete it.
Page 107 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-55 Functions TSL allows you to define functions. A function can take a predefined number of parameters and return multiple parameters if desired. Let's define a function and call it: function add_two(parameter1, parameter2) return(parameter1 + parameter2) print(add_two(3, 4)) Below is an alternate syntax for defining a function.
Page 108 2-56 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Tables/arrays TSL makes extensive use of the data type “table,” which is essentially a very flexible array-like data type. Define a table: -- A table with four elements, which are numbers. atable = {1, 2, 3, 4} Let's print it: -- Tables are indexed on one, NOT zero.
Page 109 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-57 Output of code above: Precedence Operator precedence in TSL follows the table below, from higher to lower priority: - (unary) .. (concatenation) < > <= >= All operators are left associative, except for ‘ ^ ’ (exponentiation) and ‘ .. ’, which are right associative.
Page 110 2-58 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Both and and or use short-cut evaluation, that is, they evaluate their second operand only when necessary. A useful TSL construct is x = x or v , which is equivalent to: if not x then x = v end For example, it sets x to a default value v when x is not set (provided that x is not...
Page 111 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-59 Branching TSL uses the “if” keyword to do conditional branching. -------------------------------- IF blocks ------------------------ -- Zero IS true! This is a contrast to C where if 0 then 0 evaluates false. In TSL, “nil” is false print("Zero is true!") and everything else is true.
Page 112 2-60 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Loop control TSL has familiar constructs for doing things repetitively and/or until an expression evaluates to false. Something to iterate list = {"One", "Two", "Three", "Four", "Five", "Six"} -------------------------------- FOR loop ---------------------------- print( "...
Page 113 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-61 Counting from one to four, in steps of two: 1 One 3 Three Counting elements in list on numeric index 1 One 2 Two 3 Three 4 Four 5 Five 6 Six Counting elements in list using repeat...
Page 114 2-62 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Returns x converted to a number. If x is already a number, or tonumber(x [,base]) a convertible string, then the number is returned; otherwise, it returns nil. An optional argument specifies the base to interpret the numeral.
Page 115 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Programming Fundamentals 2-63 Returns a copy of the string s with all uppercase letters string.lower(s) changed to lowercase. Returns a string that is the concatenation of n copies of the string.rep(s, n) string s. Returns the substring of s that starts at i and continues until j.
Page 116 2-64 TSP Programming Fundamentals Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Variable containing the value of π (3.141592654). math.pi Returns x math.pow(x, y) Returns the value of x in radians, where x is in degrees. math.rad(x) Returns the trigonometric sine function of x. math.sin(x) Returns the non-negative square root of x.
Page 117: Figure 3-1 Input/Output Terminal Blocks
Section 3 DUT Test Connections Section 3 topics Input/Output terminal blocks, page 3-2 Input/Output LO and chassis ground, page 3-3 Sensing methods, page 3-5 2-wire local sensing, page 3-5 4-wire remote sensing, page 3-5 Sense mode selection, page 3-6 Contact check connections, page 3-7 Multiple SMU...
Page 118 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Input/Output terminal blocks The Keithley Instruments Series 2600 uses screw terminal blocks for input and output connections to DUTs (Devices Under Test). The Model 2602/2612 uses two terminal blocks as shown in Figure 3-1 (one for each SMU channel).
Page 119 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-3 Figure 3-1 Input/output terminal blocks Channel B Channel A Input/Output LO and chassis ground As shown in Figure 3-2, SMU input/output LOs are available at the rear panel terminal blocks. Input/Output LOs are not connected between channels and are electrically isolated from chassis ground.
Page 120 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 3-2 Input/Output LO and chassis ground terminals HI G G G HI Figure 3-3 Low-Noise Chassis Ground Banana Jack and Chassis Screw DO NOT 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 3 topics...
Page 121 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-5 Sensing methods Source-measure operations are performed using either 2-wire local sense connections or 4-wire remote sense connections. NOTE The default sense setting is 2-wire local. See “Sense mode selec- tion” later in this section to check and or change the sense mode. 2-wire local sensing Two-wire local sensing (as shown in Figure...
Page 122: Figure 3-5 4-Wire Connections (Remote Sense)
DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 3-5 4-wire connections (remote sense) Sense mode selection The sense mode can be set for 2-wire local or 4-wire remote connections. Front panel sense selection Figure 3-1 summarizes the steps to check and/or change the sense mode front panel.
Page 123: Figure 3-6 Contact Check Connections
Section 12 for details on contact check commands. 1. All Model 2611/2612s manufactured by Keithley Instruments support the contact check function. Only Model 2601/2602s with firmware revision 1.1.0 or later and SMU hardware revision E or later support the contact check function.
Page 124 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 3-6 Contact check connections Multiple SMU connections Figure 3-7 shows how to use two SMUs to test a 3-terminal device, such as an N-channel JFET. A typical application is for SMU B to source a range of gate voltages, while SMU A sources voltage to power the device and measures current at each gate voltage.
Page 125: Figure 3-7 Two Smus Connected To A 3-Terminal Device (Local Sense)
Setting this SMU to output 0V effectively connects the source terminal of the JFET to signal low. Figure 3-8 Three SMUs connected to a 3-terminal device (local sense) Keithley Model 2602/2612-1 Keithley Model 2602/2612-2 Return to Section 3 topics...
Page 126 3-10 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Guarding and shielding Source-measure performance and safety are optimized with the effective use of guarding and shielding (noise and safety shields). Guarding A driven guard is always enabled and provides a buffered voltage that is at the same level as the Input/Output HI voltage.
Page 127 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-11 The metal noise shield surrounds the test circuit and should be connected to SMU LO (as shown in Figure 3-10), and can also be connected to the chassis ground screw on the rear panel of the Series 2600. Figure 3-10 Noise shield Safety shield...
Page 128 3-12 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 3-11 Safety shield for hazardous voltage using two 2601/2602 channels (>42V) Figure 3-12 Connections for test circuit shown in Figure 3-11 Model 2611/2612 safety shield The maximum output voltage for a Model 2611/2612 channel is 200V, which is considered hazardous and requires a safety shield (Figure 3-13).
Page 129 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-13 Figure 3-13 Safety shield for Model 2611/2612 hazardous voltage (200V maximum) Figure 3-14 Connections for test circuit shown in Figure 3-13 Using shielding and guarding together Figure 3-15 shows connections for a test system that uses a noise shield, a safety shield, and guarding.
Page 130 3-14 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 3-15 Connections for noise shield, safety shield and guarding 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 3 topics...
Page 131 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-15 Test fixture A test fixture can be used for an external test circuit. The test fixture can be a metal or nonmetallic enclosure, and is typically equipped with a lid. The test circuit is mounted inside the test fixture.
Page 132 3-16 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Floating an SMU Using an external source in the test system may require that a Series 2600 SMU float off chassis earth ground. An example of such a test system is shown in Fig- 3-16, which includes an external voltage source.
Page 133 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-17 Figure 3-16 Floating the Series 2600 – – Figure 3-17 SMU connections for the floating configuration shown in Figure 3-16 + – Return to Section 3 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 134 3-18 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Output-off states When an SMU is turned off, it may not be completely isolated from the external circuit that it is connected to. There are three output-off states for a Series 2600 SMU: Normal, High Impedance or Zero.
Page 135 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual DUT Test Connections 3-19 Selecting the Output-off state Output-off state menu The OUTPUT configuration menu can be accessed by pressing the CONFIG key and then the appropriate OUTPUT ON/OFF key. In the configuration menu, select OFF STATE to display the OUTPUT OFF STATE menu.
Page 136 3-20 DUT Test Connections Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 3 topics...
Page 137: Table 4-1 Source-Measure Capabilities
Section 4 Basic Operation Section 4 topics Overview, page 4-2 Ohms measurements, page 4-18 Ohms calculations, page 4-18 Operation overview, page 4-2 Ohms ranging, page 4-18 Source-measure capabilities, page 4-2 Basic ohms measurement procedure, page 4-18 Compliance limit, page 4-3 Ohms sensing, page 4-19...
Page 138: Basic Operation
Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The documentation in this section provides basic operating instructions and includes the following: • Operation overview • Operation considerations • Triggering • Measure only • Sink operation • Ohms measurements • Power measurements •...
Page 139 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation Table 4-1 Source-measure capabilities Model 2601/2602 Model 2611/2612 Range Source Measure Range Source Measure 100mV ±101mV ±102mV 200mV ±202mV ±204mV ±1.01V ±1.02V ±2.02V ±2.04V ±6.06V ±6.12V ±20.2V ±20.4V ±40.4V ±40.8V 200V ±202V ±204V 100nA ±101nA...
Page 140 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 4-2 Maximum compliance values Model 2601/2602 Model 2611/2612 Maximum Maximum Source compliance Source compliance range value range value 100mV 200mV 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 200V 100mA 100nA 100nA 200V 1µA 1µA 200V 10µA 10µA 200V...
Page 141: Table 4-3 Compliance Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation Remote compliance limit Table 4-3 summarizes basic commands to program the compliance limit. See Section 12 for more details on these commands. To program the compliance, simply send the command using the desired parameter. For example, the following commands set the current and voltage compliance to 50mA and 4V: smua.source.limiti = 50e-3 smua.source.limitv = 4...
Page 142 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 4-1 Fundamental source measure configuration A. Source V B. Source I 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 4 topics...
Page 143 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation Operation considerations The following paragraphs discuss the warm-up period and auto zero. Warm-up The SourceMeter must be turned on and allowed to warm up for at least two hours to achieve rated accuracies. See Appendix A for specifications. Auto zero The Series 2600 SourceMeters use a ratiometric A/D conversion technique.
Page 144: Table 4-4 Auto Zero Settings
Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual off, NPLC values stored in the cache will be used regardless of how old they are. If there are no entries in the cache for the aperture being used, the unit will acquire them when the first measurement is made.
Page 145: Table 4-5 Auto Zero Command And Options
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation Table 4-5 Auto zero command and options Command Description smuX.measure.autozero = smuX.AUTOZERO_OFF Disable auto zero. smuX.measure.autozero = smuX.AUTOZERO_ONCE Force one ref and zero. smuX.measure.autozero = smuX.AUTOZERO_AUTO Force ref and zero with each measurement.
Page 146 4-10 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Measurement triggering Figure 4-2 shows the general sequence for measurement triggering. The basic sequence is as follows: • When the output is turned on, the programmed source value is immediately applied to the DUT. •...
Page 147 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-11 Front panel triggering To control triggering from the front panel, press CONFIG followed by TRIG, then set up trigger parameters as described below: TRIGGER-IN — Use these options to select the trigger-in source: •...
Page 148 4-12 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Remote triggering Remote trigger commands Trigger commands are listed in Table 4-6. See Section 12 for more details. The trigger event detector remembers if an event has been detected since the last trigger.wait call.
Page 149 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-13 Basic source-measure procedure Front panel source-measure procedure Use the following procedure to perform the basic source-measure operations of the Series 2600 SourceMeter. The following procedure assumes that the SourceMeter is already connected to the DUT as explained in Section 3. WARNING Hazardous voltages may be present on the output and guard terminals.
Page 150 4-14 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Enter the desired limit value, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob to complete editing. Step 3: Select measurement function and range. Select measurement function and range as follows: Put the Model 2602/2612 in the single-channel display mode, then select the desired measurement function by pressing MEAS or MODE.
Page 151: Table 4-7 Basic Source-Measure Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-15 Basic source-measure commands Table 4-7 summarizes basic source-measure commands. See Section 12 more information on using these commands. Table 4-7 Basic source-measure commands Command Description smuX.measure.autorangei = smuX.AUTORANGE_ON Enable current measure auto range. smuX.measure.autorangev = smuX.AUTORANGE_ON Enable voltage measure auto range.
Page 152 4-16 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Requesting readings You can request readings by including the appropriate measurement command as the argument for the print command. For example, the following will request a channel A current reading: print(smua.measure.i()) Source-measure programming example The command sequence for a basic source-measure procedure is shown below.
Page 153 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-17 Select the lowest source range and set the source level to zero (000.000nA or 000.000mV). Set compliance to a level that is higher than the expected measurement. CAUTION When using the SourceMeter as a voltmeter, V-Compliance must be set higher than the voltage that is being measured.
Page 154 4-18 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Ohms measurements Ohms calculations Resistance readings are calculated from the sourced current and measured voltage as follows: R = V/I Where: R is the calculated resistance V is the measured voltage I is the sourced current Ohms ranging The front panel ohms function does not use ranging.
Page 155 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-19 Press the MEAS or MODE key to display voltage, then make sure that AUTO measurement range is on. Press the MEAS or MODE key to display ohms. Turn on the output, then note the reading on the display. If necessary, press the TRIG key to display continuous readings.
Page 156 4-20 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 4-4 4-wire resistance sensing Sense selection Front panel sense selection To select sensing mode: Press the CONFIG key then press MEAS. Choose V-MEAS, and then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob. Select SENSE-MODE, then press ENTER.
Page 157 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-21 Remote ohms programming The following paragraphs summarize basic commands necessary for remote ohms programming and also give a programming example for a typical ohms measurement situation. Remote ohms command Use the following command to obtain a resistance reading: reading = smuX.measure.r() Table 4-7 for more commands necessary to set up source and measure...
Page 158 4-22 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Power measurements Power calculations Power readings are calculated from the sourced and measured current or voltage as follows: × P = V Where: P is the calculated power V is the sourced or measured voltage I is the measured or sourced current Basic power measurement procedure Perform the following steps to perform power measurements.
Page 159 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-23 Remote power programming The following paragraphs summarize basic commands necessary for remote power programming and also give a programming example for a typical power measurement situation. Remote power command Use the following command to obtain a power reading: reading = smuX.measure.p() Table 4-7 for more commands necessary to set up source and measure func-...
Page 160 1. All Model 2611/2612s manufactured by Keithley Instruments support the contact check function. Only Model 2601/2602s with firmware revision 1.1.0 or later and SMU hardware revision E or later support the contact check function.
Page 161: Table 4-8 Basic Contact Check Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Basic Operation 4-25 Table 4-8 Basic contact check commands Command Description flag = smuX.contact.check() Determine if contact resistance is lower than threshold. rhi, rlo = smuX.contact.r() Return the contact resistance. smuX.contact.speed = speed.opt Set speed_opt to one of the following: 0 or smuX.CONTACT_FAST 1 or smuX.CONTACT_MEDIUM 2 or smuX.CONTACT_SLOW...
Page 162 4-26 Basic Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Contact check programming example The command sequence for a typical contact measurements is shown below. These commands set the contact check speed to fast and the threshold to 10Ω. A contact check measurement against the threshold is then made. If it fails, a more accurate contact check measurement is made, and the test is aborted.
Page 163: Table 5-2 Staircase Sweep Functions
Section 5 Sweep Operation Section 5 topics Overview, page 5-2 Section overview, page 5-2 Sweep overview, page 5-2 Sweep characteristics, page 5-3 Linear staircase sweeps, page 5-3 Logarithmic staircase sweeps, page 5-4 Pulse sweeps, page 5-6 Custom (list) sweeps, page 5-7 Sweep measurement storage, page 5-8...
Page 164 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview Section overview Following a brief “Sweep overview” of the types of sweeps (linear staircase, logarithmic staircase, custom, and pulse), the documentation in this section provides detailed information on characteristics, commands, and programming for each type of sweep as follows: •...
Page 165 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation Figure 5-1 Comparison of staircase sweep types Sweep characteristics Linear staircase sweeps As shown in Figure 5-2, this sweep type steps from a start voltage or current value to an ending (stop) value. A measurement is made at each step after a specified delay period (settling time).
Page 166 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual The sweep can be either positive-going or negative-going, depending on the relative values of the start and stop parameters. When this sweep starts, the output will go to the start source level. The output will then change in equal steps until the stop level is reached.
Page 167 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation Figure 5-3 Logarithmic staircase sweep (1V to 10V, five steps) The programmable parameters for a log sweep include the source function, channel, start and stop levels, delay (settling time), and the number of measurement points for the sweep.
Page 168 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Thus, the five log steps for this sweep are 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. The actual SourceMeter levels at these points are listed in Table 5-1 (the voltage level is the anti-log of the log step). Table 5-1 Logarithmic sweep points Measure...
Page 169 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation Figure 5-4 Pulse sweep example Custom (list) sweeps This sweep type lets you configure a customized sweep with arbitrary steps. Programmable parameters include the source function, channel, list of sweep values, delay (settling time), and the number of points. When this sweep is started, the output level goes to the first point in the sweep.
Page 170 Functions to perform staircase, pulse, and custom sweeps are discussed below. Section 13 of this manual for details on using factory scripts. NOTE Visit www.keithley.com for additional available user scripts for various tests. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to...
Page 171 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation Staircase sweep functions Functions for linear and logarithmic staircase sweeps are listed in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 Staircase sweep functions Command Description SweepILinMeasureV(smu, starti, stopi, stime, Define linear source current sweep: points) Smu: smua for channel A or smub for channel B.
Page 172 5-10 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Pulse sweep functions Functions for pulse sweeps are listed in Table 5-3. Table 5-3 Pulse sweep functions Function Description PulseIMeasureV(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points) Define fixed source current pulse sweep: Smu: smua for channel A or smub for channel B.
Page 173: Table 5-5 Sweep Example Parameters
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation 5-11 Running sweeps Front panel To run a sweep, press the LOAD key, then select the test to run. Press the RUN key, then follow the display prompts to complete the test (refer to Table 5-2 through Table 5-4...
Page 174 5-12 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Linear staircase sweep example Configure source functions. Examples – The following commands restore defaults and set the compliance to 1V: --Restore Series 2600 defaults. smua.reset() --Set compliance to 1V. smua.source.limitv = 1 Configure the sweep.
Page 175 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep Operation 5-13 Pulse sweep example Configure source functions Examples – The following commands restore defaults and set the compliance to 10V: --Restore Series 2600 defaults. smua.reset() --Set compliance to 5V. smua.source.limitv = 10 Configure the sweep.
Page 176 5-14 Sweep Operation Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Custom sweep example Configure source functions Examples – The following commands restore defaults and set the compliance to 10mA: --Restore Series 2600 defaults. smua.reset() --Set compliance to 10mA. smua.source.limiti = 10e-3 Configure the sweep.
Page 177 Section 6 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Section 6 topics Overview, page 6-2 Filters, page 6-12 Filter types, page 6-12 Range, page 6-2 Response time considerations, page 6-12 Available ranges, page 6-2 Front panel filter control, page 6-12 Maximum source values and readings, page 6-3 Remote filter...
Page 178 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The documentation in this section provides detailed information on characteristics and script programming for each of the following functions: • Range • Digits • Speed • • Filters Range The selected measurement range affects the accuracy of the measurements as...
Page 179 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Maximum source values and readings The full scale output for each voltage and current source range is 101% of the selected range, while the full scale measurement is 102% of the range. For example, ±1.01A is the full scale source value for the 1A range, and ±102mA is the full scale reading for the 100mA measurement range.
Page 180 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Low range limits The low range limits set the lowest range the Series 2600 will use when auto ranging is enabled. This feature is useful for minimizing auto range settling times when numerous range changes are involved.
Page 181 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters With source auto ranging enabled, the output level controls the range. Querying the range after the level is set will return the range the unit chose as appropriate for that source level.
Page 182: Table 6-2 Range Commands
Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 6-2 Range commands Commands Description Measure range commands: smuX.measure.autorangei = smuX.AUTORANGE_ON Enable current measure auto range. smuX.measure.autorangei = smuX.AUTORANGE_OFF Disable current measure auto range. smuX.measure.autorangev = smuX.AUTORANGE_ON Enable voltage measure auto range.
Page 183 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters --Restore Series 2600 defaults. smua.reset() --Set V source range to auto. smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON --Enable 10mA measure range. smua.measure.rangei = 1e-2 --Set lowest range to 10μA. smua.measure.lowrangei = 1e-5 --Set limit level to 10mA.
Page 184: Table 6-3 Digits Commands
Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 6-3 Digits commands Command Description display.smuX.digits = display.DIGITS_4_5 Set display to 4.5 digits. display.smuX.digits = display.DIGITS_5_5 Set display to 5.5 digits. display.smuX.digits = display.DIGITS_6_5 Set display to 6.5 digits. 1.
Page 185: Table 6-4 Speed Command
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Setting speed Speed is set from the SPEED configuration menu and is structured as follows. SPEED configuration menu Press SPEED (or use the CONFIG menu) to display the menu: •...
Page 186 6-10 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Speed programming example Use the NPLC command to set the speed. For example, send the following parameter to set the speed to 10 PLC: --Restore Series 2600 defaults. smua.reset() --Set NPLC to 10.
Page 187: Table 6-5 Rel Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters 6-11 The present rel value will be displayed. Set the desired rel value. With the desired rel value displayed, press ENTER or the Rotary Knob, and then use EXIT to back out of the menu structure. Remote rel programming Rel commands Rel commands are summarized in...
Page 188 6-12 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Filters Filter lets you set the filter response to stabilize noisy measurements. The SourceMeter uses a digital filter, which is based on reading conversions. The displayed, stored, or transmitted reading is an average of many reading conversions (from 1 to 100).
Page 189 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters 6-13 Filter configuration menu Press CONFIG and then FILTER to display the filter configuration menu: • AVERAGE-TYPE — Use this menu item to select filter type (MOVING or REPEAT). •...
Page 190 6-14 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 6-1 Moving average and repeating filters A. Type - Moving Average, Readings = 10 B. Type - Repeating, Readings = 10 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 6 topics...
Page 191: Table 6-6 Filter Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters 6-15 Remote filter programming Filter commands Table 6-6 summarizes filter commands. See Section 12 for more details. Table 6-6 Filter commands Commands Description smuX.measure.filter.count = count Set filter count (1 to 100). smuX.measure.filter.enable = smuX.FILTER_ON Enable filter.
Page 192 6-16 Range, Digits, Speed, Rel, and Filters Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 6 topics...
Page 193 Section 7 Buffer (Data Store) Section 7 topics Overview, page 7-2 Data store overview, page 7-2 Front panel data store, page 7-2 Buffer configuration, page 7-2 Buffer configuration menu, page 7-3 Storing readings, page 7-3 Recalling readings, page 7-4 Remote data store, page 7-5 Data store...
Page 194 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The documentation in this section provides detailed information on using the buffer to store data and includes the following: • Data store overview • Front panel data store • Remote data store Data store overview The SourceMeter has two buffers per channel that can store from 1 to more than 100,000 readings.
Page 195 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) Buffer configuration menu The various buffer configuration menu items include: • COUNT: Sets number of readings to store (1 to 110,000). NOTE: All of the buffers share a common memory area. Therefore, to store as many as 110,000 readings, the source values and timestamps must not be enabled for any of the buffers.
Page 196 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Perform the following steps to store readings: Set up the SourceMeter for the desired settings and buffer configuration using the configuration menu described above. Turn on the output. Press the STORE key. The asterisk (*) annunciator turns on to indicate data storage operation is enabled.
Page 197: Table 7-1 Data Store Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) Remote data store Data store commands Table 7-1 summarizes commands associated with data store operation. See Section 12 for more detailed information on data store commands. Table 7-1 Data store commands Command Description smuX.nvbuffer1.clear()
Page 198 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Reading buffers Readings can be obtained in multiple ways including synchronous or overlapped. Furthermore, the routines that make single point measurements can be configured to make multiple measurements where one would ordinarily be made. The measured value is not the only component of a reading.
Page 199 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) Table 7-2 Buffer storage control attributes Storage attribute Description The append modes are either off or on. When the append mode is off, a appendmode new measurement to this buffer will overwrite the previous contents. When the append mode is on, the first new measurement will be stored at what was formerly rb[n+1].
Page 200 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 7-4 Buffer control programming examples Command Description Enable source value storage. smua.nvbuffer1.collectsourcevalues = 1 Enable buffer append mode. smua.nvbuffer1.appendmode = 1 Disable timestamp storage. smua.nvbuffer1.collecttimestamps = 0 Set timestamp resolution to 0.001s. smua.nvbuffer1.timestampresolution = 0.001 Table 7-5 Buffer read-only attribute programming examples...
Page 201: Table 7-6 Recall Attributes
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) Table 7-6 Recall attributes Recall attribute Description An array (a LUA table) of strings indicating the function measured measurefunctions for the reading (Current, Voltage, Ohms or Watts). An array (a LUA table) of full scale range values for the measure measureranges range used when the measurement was made.
Page 202: Table 7-7 Buffer Status Bits
7-10 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Time and date values All time and date values are represented as the number of seconds since the unit was powered on. The os.clock() function returns values in this format. Representing time as the number of seconds will be referred to as “standard time format.”...
Page 203 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) 7-11 Dynamically allocated buffers RAM reading buffers can also be allocated dynamically. The buffers are created and allocated with the smuX.makebuffer(n) command, where n is the number of readings the buffer can store. For example, the following command allocates a Channel A buffer named mybuffer that can store 100 readings: mybuffer = smua.makebuffer(100) Allocated buffers can be deleted as follows:...
Page 204 7-12 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer programming examples Defined buffer example The listing below shows a programming example for storing data using the pre- defined Buffer 1 for Channel A. The SourceMeter loops for voltages from 0.01V to 1V with 0.01V steps (essentially performing a staircase sweep), stores 100 current readings and source values in Buffer 1, and then recalls all 100 readings and source values.
Page 205 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Buffer (Data Store) 7-13 Dual buffer example The listing below shows a programming example for storing both current and voltage readings using buffer 1 for current and buffer 2 to store voltage readings. The SourceMeter stores 100 current and voltage readings and then recalls all 100 sets of readings.
Page 206 7-14 Buffer (Data Store) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Dynamically allocated buffer example The listing below shows a programming example for storing data using an allocated buffer called mybuffer for Channel A. The SourceMeter stores 100 current readings in mybuffer and then recalls all the readings. --Restore Series 2600 defaults.
Page 207 Section 8 Source-Measure Concepts Section 8 topics Overview, page 8-2 Guard, page 8-29 Guard overview, page 8-29 Compliance limit, page 8-2 Guard connections, page 8-29 Maximum compliance, page 8-2 Compliance principles, page 8-3 Pulse concepts, page 8-32 Pulse period, page 8-32 Sweep waveforms, page 8-4...
Page 208 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The documentation in this section provides detailed information on source-measure concepts and includes the following information: • Compliance limit • Sweep waveforms • Overheating protection • Operating boundaries • Basic circuit configurations •...
Page 209 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts Table 8-1 Maximum compliance limits Model 2601/2602 Model 2611/2612 Maximum Maximum Source compliance Source compliance range value range value 100mV 200mV 1.5A 1.5A 1.5A 200V 100mA 100nA 100nA 200V 1µA 1µA 200V 10µA 10µA 200V...
Page 210 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Sweep waveforms Staircase sweeps There are two basic staircase sweeps: linear staircase and logarithmic staircase as shown in Figure 8-1. The linear staircase sweep goes from the start level to the stop level in equal linear steps. The logarithmic staircase sweep is similar except it functions on a log scale with a specified number of steps per decade.
Page 211 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts Pulse sweeps The Series 2600 can also perform the following pulse sweeps: • Fixed voltage pulse • Fixed current pulse These sweeps are similar to those discussed above, except, the source level at each sweep step is a pulse instead of a constant level.
Page 212 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overheating protection Proper ventilation is required to keep the SourceMeter from overheating. Even with proper ventilation, the SourceMeter can overheat if the ambient temperature is too high or the SourceMeter is being operated in sink mode for long periods of time.
Page 213 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts General SourceMeter power equation ) DC ≤ – – – The maximum power generated in a SourceMeter channel that can be properly dissipated by the SourceMeter cooling system. The ambient temperature of the SourceMeter operating environment. - 30 •...
Page 214 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual 1, 2 Maximum duty cycle equation – – – ≤ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- × – NOTE When attempting to determine the maximum duty cycle where the off state will be 0V or 0A: • is 0 •...
Page 215 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts Examples Example 1: Using a Model 2611 to charge a 5V battery with 1.5A, while operating at 50°C ambient temperature; what is the maximum duty cycle? Assuming the 20V range will be used to measure the voltage: 5 ( ) ) 0 ( ) 56 20...
Page 216 8-10 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Operating boundaries Source or sink Depending on how it is programmed and what is connected to the output (load or source), the SourceMeter can operate in any of the four quadrants. The four quadrants of operation are shown in Figure 8-3 Figure...
Page 217 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-11 Figure 8-3 Model 2601/2602 continuous power operating boundaries £ Model 2611/2612 continuous power operating boundaries The general operating boundaries for Model 2611/2612 continuous power output are shown in Figure 8-4 (see “General SourceMeter power equation”...
Page 218 8-12 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 8-4 Model 2611/2612 continuous power operating boundaries £ I -Source operating boundaries Model 2601/2602 I -Source operating boundaries Figure 8-5 shows the operating boundaries for the I-Source. Only the first quadrant of operation is covered.
Page 219 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-13 Figure 8-5 Model 2601/2602 I-Source boundaries Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 220 8-14 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Model 2611/2612 I -Source operating boundaries Figure 8-6 shows the operating boundaries for the I-Source. Only the first quadrant of operation is covered. Operation in the other three quadrants is similar. Figure 8-6A shows the output characteristics for the I-Source.
Page 221 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-15 Figure 8-6 Model 2611/2612 I-Source boundaries Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 222 8-16 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Load considerations The boundaries the SourceMeter operates in depends on the load (DUT) that is connected to its output. Figure 8-7 shows operation examples for resistive loads that are 50Ω and 200Ω, respectively. For these examples, the SourceMeter is programmed to source 100mA and limit 10V.
Page 223 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-17 Figure 8-7 I-Source operating examples Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 224 8-18 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual V-Source operating boundaries Model 2601/2602 V-Source operating boundaries Figure 8-8 shows the operating boundaries for the V-Source. Only the first quadrant of operation is covered. Operation in the other three quadrants is similar. Figure 8-8A shows the output characteristics for the V-Source.
Page 225 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-19 Figure 8-8 Model 2601/2602 V-Source boundaries Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 226 8-20 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Model 2611/2612 V-Source operating boundaries Figure 8-9 shows the operating boundaries for the V-Source. Only the first quadrant of operation is covered. Operation in the other three quadrants is similar. Figure 8-9A shows the output characteristics for the V-Source.
Page 227 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-21 Figure 8-9 Model 2611/2612 V-Source boundaries Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 228 8-22 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Load considerations The boundaries the SourceMeter operates in depends on the load (DUT) that is connected to the output. Figure 8-10 shows operation examples for resistive loads that are 2kΩ and 800Ω, respectively. For these examples, the SourceMeter is programmed to source 10V and limit 10mA.
Page 229 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-23 Figure 8-10 V-Source operating examples Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 230 8-24 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source I measure I, source V measure V The SourceMeter can measure the function it is sourcing. When sourcing a voltage, you can measure voltage. Conversely, if you are sourcing current, you can measure the output current.
Page 231 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-25 Figure 8-11 Source I conf iguration Source V When configured to source voltage (V-Source) as shown in Figure 8-12, the SourceMeter functions as a low-impedance voltage source with current limit capability and can measure current (I-Meter) or voltage (V-Meter). Sense circuitry is used to continuously monitor the output voltage and make adjustments to the V-Source as needed.
Page 232: Figure 8-12 Source V Configuration
8-26 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 8-12 Source V configuration Measure only (V or I) Figure 8-13 shows the configurations for using the SourceMeter exclusively as a voltmeter or ammeter. As shown in Figure 8-13A, the SourceMeter is configured to measure voltage-only by setting it to source 0A and measure voltage.
Page 233 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-27 Figure 8-13 Measure only configuration A. Measure Voltage Only Note: B. Measure Current Only Contact check When a contact check measurement is being performed, two small current sources are switched in between the HI and SENSE HI terminals; and the LO and SENSE LO terminals.
Page 234 8-28 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 8-14 Contact check circuit configuration 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 8 topics...
Page 235 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-29 Guard WARNING GUARD is at the same potential as output HI. Thus, if hazardous voltages are present at output HI, they are also present at the GUARD terminal. Guard overview The driven guard (available at the rear panel GUARD terminals) is always enabled and provides a buffered voltage that is at the same level as the Input/Out- put HI (or Sense HI for remote sense) voltage.
Page 236 8-30 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual A coaxial cable can be used if the guard potential does not exceed 30Vrms (42.4V peak). The center conductor is used for In/Out HI, and the outer shield is used for guard.
Page 237 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-31 Figure 8-15 Comparison of unguarded and guarded measurements SourceMeter A. Unguarded SourceMeter B. Guarded Return to Section 8 topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 238: Figure 8-16 Pulse Period
8-32 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Pulse concepts Using factory scripts, the Series 2600 can perform fixed, linear staircase, and logarithmic staircase pulse sweeps (see “Pulse sweeps” in Section 5 for more information). The following paragraphs discuss pulse period, rise and fall times, and duty cycle.
Page 239: Figure 8-17 Pulse Rise And Fall Times
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source-Measure Concepts 8-33 Figure 8-17 Pulse rise and fall times Programmed Fixed or Sweep Step Level Times Exaggerated For Clarity 0V or 0A Rise Fall Time Time Pulse duty cycle Duty cycle is the percentage of time during the pulse period that the output is on. It is calculated as follows: Duty cycle = Pulse width / (Pulse width + Off-time) For example, if the pulse width is 10msec, and the off-time is 90msec, the duty...
Page 240 8-34 Source-Measure Concepts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Settling time considerations Reduction in gain-bandwidth The settling time of the SMU can be influenced by the impedance of the DUT in several ways. One influence is caused by an interaction between the impedances of the SMU current source feedback element and the DUT.
Page 241 Section 9 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Section 9 topics Overview, page 9-2 Master and Slaves, page 9-2 System configurations, page 9-2 Connections, page 9-3 Initialization, page 9-3 Assigning node numbers, page 9-3 Resetting the TSP-Link, page 9-4 Using the expanded system, page 9-6 Accessing nodes,...
Page 242 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The TSP-Link is an expansion interface that allows the instruments to communicate with each other. The test system can be expanded to include up to 64 TSP-Link-enabled instruments. Master and Slaves In a TSP-Link system, one of the nodes (instruments) is the Master and the other nodes are the Slaves.
Page 243: Figure 9-1 Tsp-Link Connections
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual System Expansion (TSP-Link) 9-3 Connections Connections for an expanded system are shown in Figure 9-1. As shown, one unit is optionally connected to the PC using the GPIB or RS-232 interface. Details on these PC communication connections are covered in Section As shown in Figure...
Page 244 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Front panel operation The TSP-Link node number can be set from the MAIN MENU of each instrument; this process is summarized in Table 9-1. Table 9-1 Assigning a node number to an instrument from the front panel Series 2600 MAIN MENU 1) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU.
Page 245 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual System Expansion (TSP-Link) 9-5 Front panel operation The TSP-Link reset can be performed from the MAIN MENU of any instrument; this process is summarized in Table 9-2. Table 9-2 Resetting the TSP-Link from the front panel Series 2600 MAIN MENU 1) Press the MENU key to access MAIN MENU.
Page 246 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Using the expanded system Accessing nodes A TSP-Link reset creates the node table. Each unit in the system corresponds to an entry in this table, indexed by the unit's node number. The node[N] variable (where N is the node number) is used to access any node in the system.
Page 247 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual System Expansion (TSP-Link) 9-7 System behavior Using the reset() command While most TSP-Link operations target a single node in the system, the reset() command affects the system as a whole. The reset() command, by definition, resets all nodes to their default settings: -- Resets all nodes in a TSP-Link system.
Page 248 System Expansion (TSP-Link) Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 9 topics...
Page 249 Section 10 Digital I/O Port Section 10 topics Overview, page 10-2 Digital I/O port, page 10-2 Port configuration, page 10-2 Digital I/O configuration, page 10-4 Controlling digital I/O lines, page 10-5 Output Enable (Models 2601/2602), page 10-9 Overview, page 10-9 Operation, page 10-9 Front panel control of Output...
Page 250 DB-25 connector is used with the Digital I/O port. Connecting cables Use a cable equipped with a male DB-25 connector (Keithley Instruments part number CA-126-1), or a Model 2600-TLINK cable to connect the Digital I/O port to other Keithley instruments equipped with a Trigger Link (TLINK).
Page 251: Figure 10-1 Digital I/O Port
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O Port 10-3 Figure 10-1 Digital I/O port CHANNEL A CAT I CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Output Enable and Interlock line The Model 2601/2602 OE (output enable) line and the Model 2611/2612 INT (Interlock) line of the Digital I/O can be used with a switch in the test fixture or component handler.
Page 252 10-4 Digital I/O Port Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual WARNING The Digital I/O port of the Model 2601/2602 SourceMeter is not suitable for control of safety circuits and should not be used to control a safety interlock. The Model 2611/2612 SourceMeter Digital I/O port includes an Interlock line to be used as safety interlock.
Page 253 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O Port 10-5 Figure 10-2 Digital I/O port configuration DIGITAL I/O INTERFACE (All Series 2600 Models): Connector: 25-pin female D Input/Output pins: 14 open-drain I/O bits Absolute maximum input voltage: 5.25V Absolute minimum input voltage: -0.25V Maximum logic low input voltage: 0.7V @ +850mA Minimum logic high input voltage: 2.1V @ +570mA Maximum source current (flowing out of digital I/O bit): +960mA...
Page 254 10-6 Digital I/O Port Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O bit weighting Bit weighting for the digital I/O lines is shown in Table 10-1. Table 10-1 Digital I/O bit weighting Decimal Hexadecimal Line # weighting weighting 0x0001 0x0002 0x0004 0x0008 0x0010...
Page 255: Table 10-2 Digital I/O Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O Port 10-7 Select WRITE_PROTECT, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob. Set the decimal value as required to write protect digital I/O line(s) within the range of 0 to 16,383 (see Table 10-1), then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.
Page 256 10-8 Digital I/O Port Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 10-2 Digital I/O commands Command Description Commands for digital I/O triggering: digio.trigger[line].assert() Generate a trigger on digital I/O line. digio.trigger[line].clear() Clear the event detector for a trigger. digio.trigger[line].mode = mode Control I/O trigger event detector mode: digio.TRIG_FALLING (falling edge triggers).
Page 257 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O Port 10-9 Output Enable (Models 2601/2602) Overview The Model 2601/2602 Digital I/O Port provides an Output Enable line for use with a test fixture switch. When properly used, the output of the SourceMeter will turn OFF when the lid of the test fixture is opened.
Page 258 10-10 Digital I/O Port Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Remote control of Output Enable Use one of these commands to control Output Enable action: smuX.source.outputenableaction = smuX.OE_NONE smuX.source.outputenableaction = smuX.OE_OUTPUT_OFF When set to smuX.OE_NONE, the Model 2601/2602 SourceMeter will take no action when the Output Enable line goes low.
Page 259 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Digital I/O Port 10-11 Interlock (Models 2612/2612) Overview The Model 2611/2612 Digital I/O Port provides an Interlock line for use with a test fixture switch. When properly used, the output of the SourceMeter will turn OFF when the lid of the test fixture is opened.
Page 260 10-12 Digital I/O Port Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 10-4 Using Model 2611/2612 Interlock Read by firmware +220V supply INTERLOCK pin (on DIGITAL I/O connector) -220V supply Pin 24 Coil resistance 145W +/- 10% 10kW Closing Switch Enables 200V Operation To output stage...
Page 261 Section 11 Communications Interfaces Section 11 topics Overview, page 11-2 RS-232 interface operation, page 11-10 Setting RS-232 interface parameters, page 11-10 Selecting an interface, page 11-2 Sending and receiving data, page 11-11 Terminator, page 11-11 GPIB operation, page 11-3 Baud rate, page 11-12 GPIB...
Page 262 11-2 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The documentation in this section provides detailed information on using communications interfaces: • Selecting an interface • GPIB operation • General bus commands • Front panel GPIB operation • RS-232 interface operation NOTE See Section 2 for more information on the GPIB and RS-232...
Page 263: Figure 11-1 Ieee-488 Connector
To avoid possible mechanical damage, stack no more than three connectors on any one unit. To minimize interference caused by electromagnetic radiation, use only shielded IEEE-488 cables. Available shielded cables from Keithley Instruments are listed in “Options and accessories” on page 1-5.
Page 264: Figure 11-2 Ieee-488 Connections
11-4 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 11-2 IEEE-488 connections To connect the SourceMeter to the IEEE-488 bus, line up the cable connector with the connector located on the rear panel. Install and tighten the screws securely, making sure not to overtighten them.(Figure 11-3 shows the location of the connections.)
Page 265 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Communications Interfaces 11-5 Figure 11-3 IEEE-488 and RS-232 connector location CHANNEL A CAT I CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Primary address The SourceMeter ships from the factory with a GPIB primary address of 26. If the GPIB or AUTO interface selection is used, it momentarily displays the primary address on power-up.
Page 266 11-6 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Front panel primary address To set or check the primary address: Press the MENU key. Select COMMUNICATIONS, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob. Select INTERFACE_CFG, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob. Select GPIB, then press ENTER or the Rotary Knob.
Page 267: Table 11-1 General Bus Commands
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Communications Interfaces 11-7 General bus commands General commands are those commands, such as DCL, that have the same general meaning regardless of the instrument. Table 11-1 lists the general bus commands. Table 11-1 General bus commands Command Effect on SourceMeter Goes into remote when next addressed to listen.
Page 268 11-8 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual LLO (local lockout) When the unit is in remote operation, all front panel controls are disabled except the LOCAL and OUTPUT OFF keys (and of course the POWER switch). The LLO command disables the LOCAL key, but it does not affect OUTPUT OFF, which cannot be disabled.
Page 269 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Communications Interfaces 11-9 Front panel GPIB operation This section describes aspects of the front panel that are part of GPIB operation, including messages, status indicators, and the LOCAL key. Error and status messages Appendix B for a list of status and error messages associated with IEEE-488 programming.
Page 270 11-10 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual LOCAL key The LOCAL (EXIT) key cancels the remote state and restores local operation of the instrument. Pressing the LOCAL key also turns off the REM indicator and returns the display to normal if a user-defined message was displayed. If the LLO (Local Lockout) command is in effect, the LOCAL key is also inoperative.
Page 271 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Communications Interfaces 11-11 Table 11-2 RS-232 interface commands Command Description serial.baud = baud Set baud rate (300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200) serial.databits = bits Set number of bits (7 or 8) serial.flowcontrol = flow Set flow control: serial.FLOW_NONE(no flow control)
Page 272 11-12 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Baud rate The baud rate is the rate at which the SourceMeter and the programming terminal communicate. Choose one of the following available rates: • 115200 • 57600 • 38400 • 19200 •...
Page 273 If your computer uses a DB-25 connector for the RS-232 interface, you will need a standard cable or adapter with a DB-25 connector on one end and a DB-9 connector on the other. An available RS-232 cable from Keithley Instruments is listed in “Options and...
Page 274: Table 11-4 Pc Serial Port Pinout
11-14 Communications Interfaces Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 11-4 provides pinout identification for the 9-pin (DB-9) or 25-pin (DB-25) serial port connector on the computer (PC). Table 11-4 PC serial port pinout DB-9 pin DB-25 pin Signal* number number DCD, data carrier detect RXD, receive data...
Page 275 Section 12 Instrument Control Library Section 12 topics Command programming notes, page 12-2 Conventions, page 12-2 Functions and attributes, page 12-3 TSP-Link nodes, page 12-5 Logical instruments, page 12-5 Reading buffers, page 12-6 Time and date values, page 12-8 ICL functions and attributes list, page 12-9...
Page 276 12-2 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Command programming notes Conventions For the following command reference, it is necessary to understand the following conventions: Wild characters Many SMU commands are expressed in a generic form using wild characters. A wild character indicates an SMU channel, function or trigger line.
Page 277 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-3 Functions and attributes Commands can be function based or attribute based. Functions Function based commands are used to control actions or activities. For example, performing a voltage measurement is a function (action) of an SMU. A function based command is not necessarily directly related to a Series 2600 operation.
Page 278 12-4 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Either of the following command messages will configure SMU A for the moving average filter: smua.measure.filter.type = 0 smua.measure.filter.type = smua.FILTER_MOVING_AVG Some attributes can take any numeric value that is within a valid range. For example, the Model 2601/2602 voltage source can be set from -40.4V to +40.4V, while the Model 2611/2612 voltage source can be set from -202V to +202V.
Page 279 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-5 TSP-Link nodes Each instrument or enclosure attached to the TSP-Link bus must be uniquely identified. This identification is called a TSP-Link node number and the enclosures are called nodes. Each node must be assigned a unique node number. From a TSP point of view, nodes look like tables.
Page 280 12-6 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual node A reference to the TSP-Link node of which the logical instrument is a part. Each logical instrument has an element for each command that it supports. These commands are documented in this section. Note that smua and smub support the same command set and are documented jointly as smuX .
Page 281 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-7 When on, source values will be stored with readings in collectsourcevalues the buffer. This requires four extra bytes of storage per reading. This value, off or on, can only be changed when the buffer is empty.
Page 282 12-8 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Time and date values Date/time values are represented as a number of seconds since some base. There are three time bases: 1. UTC 12:00 am Jan 1 1970. 2. When the Series 2600 is powered on. 3.
Page 283 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-9 ICL functions and attributes list beeper function and attribute, page 12-12 beeper.beep beeper.enable functions, page 12-13 bit.bitand bit.clear bit.set bit.toggle bit.bitor bit.get bit.setfield bit.bitxor bit.getfield bit.test delay function, page 12-19 delay digio functions and attributes,...
Page 284 12-10 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual printbuffer and printnumber functions, page 12-53 printbuffer printnumber reset function, page 12-55 reset serial functions and attributes, page 12-55 serial.baud serial.flowcontrol serial.read serial.databits serial.parity serial.write setup functions and attribute, page 12-58 setup.poweron setup.recall setup.save...
Page 285 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-11 status function and attributes, page 12-94 status.condition status.operation.user.* status.measurement.* status.questionable.* status.measurement.buffer_available.* status.questionable.calibration.* status.measurement.current_limit.* status.questionable.instrument.* status.measurement.instrument.* status.questionable.instrument.smuX.* status.measurement.instrument.smuX.* status.questionable.over_temperature.* status.measurement.reading_overflow.* status.request_enable status.measurement.voltage_limit.* status.request_event status.node_enable status.reset status.node_event status.standard.* status.operation.* status.system.* status.operation.calibrating.* status.system2.* status.operation.instrument.* status.system3.* status.operation.instrument.*...
Page 286 12-12 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual beeper function and attribute The beeper generates a beep tone. It is typically used to announce the start and/or completion of a test or operation. beeper.beep Function Generates a beep tone. Usage beeper.beep(duration, frequency) Set from 0.1 to 100 (seconds).
Page 287 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-13 bit functions Logic and bit operations The bit functions are used to perform bitwise logic operations on two given numbers, and bit operations on one given number. Logic and bit operations truncate the fractional part of given numbers to make them integers.
Page 288 12-14 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example AND’ing decimal 10 (binary 1010) with decimal 9 (binary 1001) will return a value of decimal 8 (binary 1000): value = bit.bitand(10, 9) print(value) Output: 8.000000e+00 bit.bitor Function Performs a bitwise logical OR operation on two numbers. Usage value = bit.bitor(value1, value2) First number for the OR operation.
Page 289 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-15 XOR’ing decimal 10 (binary 1010) with decimal 9 (binary 1001) will return a Example value decimal 3 (binary 0011): value = bit.bitxor(10, 9) print(value) Output: 3.000000e+00 bit.clear Function Clears a bit at a given index position. Usage value = bit.clear(value1, index) Given number.
Page 290 12-16 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Also see bit.clear, bit.getfield, bit.set, bit.setfield, bit.test, bit.toggle The binary equivalent of decimal 10 is 1010. Getting the bit at index position 4 will Example return decimal value value = bit.get(10, 4) print(value) Output: 8.000000e+00...
Page 291 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-17 • This function returns , which is with the indexed bit set. The Remarks value value1 index must be a value between 1 and 32. The least significant bit of the given number has an index of 1 and the most significant bit has an index of 32.
Page 292 12-18 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual bit.test Function Returns the Boolean value (true or false) of a bit at a given index position. Usage value = bit.test(value1, index) Given number. value1 Index position of the bit to be tested (1 to 32). index Returned decimal value of the bit.
Page 293 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-19 delay function This function is used to hold up system operation for a specified period of time. It is typically used to soak a device at a specific voltage or current for a period of time. delay Function Delays system operation.
Page 294 12-20 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual digio functions and attributes The functions and attributes in this group are used to control read/write and trigger operations for the digital I/O Port. NOTE The digital I/O lines can be used for both input and output. If a line is being driven low, then a “0”...
Page 295 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-21 digio.trigger[N].assert N is a digital I/O trigger line: 1 to 14 Function Asserts a trigger on one of the digital I/O lines. Usage digio.trigger[N].assert() Remarks The set pulsewidth determines how long the trigger is asserted. Details “Controlling digital I/O lines”...
Page 296 12-22 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • can be expressed as a number (1, 2, 3 or 5) or as one of the pre-defined Remarks tmode constants (see “Usage”). • When reading the trigger mode, it is returned as a number. Details “Controlling digital I/O lines”...
Page 297 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-23 digio.trigger[N].wait N is a digital I/O trigger line: 1 to 8 Function Waits for a trigger. Usage triggered = digio.trigger[N].wait(timeout) Set timeout in seconds. timeout Returns ‘true’ if a trigger was detected, or ‘false’ if no triggers were triggered detected during the timeout period.
Page 298 12-24 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual digio.writeport Function Writes to all digital I/O lines. Usage digio.writeport(data) Value to write to the port; 0 to 16383. data • The binary representation of data indicates the output pattern to be written to the I/O Remarks port.
Page 299 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-25 display functions and attributes The functions and attributes in this group are used for various display operations, which are explained in Section display.clear Function Clears all lines of the display. Usage display.clear() •...
Page 300 12-26 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example Reads the annunciators that are turned on: annun = display.getannunciators() print(annun) Output: 1.280000e+03 For the returned value of 1280, the binary equivalent is 0000010100000000. Bits 9 and 11 are set. Using the above chart in “Remarks”, the REM and EDIT annunciators are turned on.
Page 301 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-27 display.getlastkey Function Retrieves the keycode for the last pressed key. Usage key = display.getlastkey() • This read-only function returns the keycode for the last pressed key. returns one Remarks of the following values: 0 (display.KEY_NONE) 82 (display.KEY_ENTER) 65 (display.KEY_RANGEUP)
Page 302 12-28 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.gettext Function Reads the text presently displayed. Usage There are five ways to use this function: text = display.gettext() text = display.gettext(embellished) text = display.gettext(embellished, row) text = display.gettext(embellished, row, column_start) text = display.gettext(embellished, row, column_start, column_end) Set to to return text as a simple character string.
Page 303 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-29 display.inputvalue Function Displays a formatted input field that the operator can edit. Usage There are four ways to use this function: value = display.inputvalue(format) value = display.inputvalue(format, default) value = display.inputvalue(format, default, min) value = display.inputvalue(format, default, min, max) Define format string for the input field using ‘0’s, the decimal point (.), format...
Page 304 12-30 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • After sending this command, script execution holds up and waits for the operator to Remarks enter a value and press ENTER: (cont.) • If limits are used, the operator will not be able to input values outside the minimum and maximum limits.
Page 305 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-31 Details “Load test menu” on Section Also see display.loadmenu.delete Examples Example 1 – Assume a script with a function named “DUT1” has already been loaded into the Series 2600, and the script has NOT been saved in non-volatile memory. Now assume you want to add a test named “Test”...
Page 306 12-32 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.locallockout Attribute LOCAL key disabled. Usage -- Reads state of lockout. lockout = display.locallockout -- Writes state of lockout. display.locallockout = lockout to one of the following values: lockout Unlocks LOCAL key. display.UNLOCK Locks out LOCAL key.
Page 307 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-33 display.prompt Function Prompts the user to enter a parameter from the front panel. Usage There are four ways to use this function: value = display.prompt(format, units, help) value = display.prompt(format, units, help, default) value = display.prompt(format, units, help, default, min) value = display.prompt(format, units, help, default, min, max) Define format string for the input field using ‘0’s, the decimal point (.),...
Page 308 12-34 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • is a string that indicates the units (e.g., “V” or “A”) for the value and Remarks units help provides a message prompt on the bottom line. (cont.) • Along with specifying the for the input field, there are options to specify format minimum and maximum limits for the input field.
Page 309 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-35 Remarks Setting this attribute selects the display screen for the front panel. This attribute can be read to determine which of the four available display screens was last selected by the user. The user can select the screen by value or one of the enumerations. Details “Display screen”...
Page 310 12-36 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.setcursor Function Sets the position of the cursor. Usage There are two ways to use this function: display.setcursor(row, column) display.setcursor(row, column, style) number for the cursor (1 or 2). number for the cursor. For row 1, can be set column column...
Page 311 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-37 display.settext Function Displays text on the user screen. Usage display.settext(text) Text message string to be displayed. text • This function selects the user display screen, and displays the given text. The first Remarks write to the display after poweron will clear the user screen.
Page 312 12-38 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.smuX.digits X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute The selected measurement display resolution. Usage -- Reads resolution. digits = display.smuX.digits -- Writes resolution. display.smuX.digits = digits to one of the following values: digits Selects 4-1/2d resolution.
Page 313 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-39 display.trigger.clear Function Clears the front panel trigger event detector. Usage display.trigger.clear() Remarks The trigger event detector remembers if an event has been detected since the last call. This function clears the trigger’s event detector and display.trigger.wait discards the previous history of TRIG key presses.
Page 314 12-40 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.waitkey Function Captures the keycode value for the next key press. Usage key = display.waitkey() • After sending this function, script execution will hold up until a front panel key or the Remarks wheel is pressed, or the wheel is turned to the right or left.
Page 315 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-41 errorqueue functions and attribute The functions and attribute in this group are used to read the entries in the error/event queue. errorqueue.clear Function Clears all entries out of the error/event queue. Usage errorqueue.clear() Remarks...
Page 316 12-42 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual errorqueue.next Function Reads an entry from the error/event queue. Usage errorcode, message, severity, node = errorqueue.next() Returns the error code number for the entry. errorcode Returns the message that describes the entry. message Returns the severity level (0, 10, 20, 30 or 40).
Page 317 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-43 exit function This function is used to terminate a script that is presently running. exit Function Stops execution of a script. Usage exit() Remarks Terminates script execution when called from a script that is being executed. This command will not wait for overlapped commands to complete before terminating script execution.
Page 318 12-44 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual format.byteorder Attribute The binary byte order for data printed using the printnumber printbuffer functions. Usage -- Reads byte order. order = format.byteorder -- Writes byte order. format.byteorder = order to one of the following values: order Most significant byte first.
Page 319 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-45 format.data Attribute The data format for data printed using the functions. printnumber printbuffer Usage -- Reads data format. fmt = format.data -- Writes data format. format.data = fmt to one of the following values: ASCII format.
Page 320 12-46 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual gpib attribute The following attribute is used to set the GPIB address. gpib.address Attribute GPIB address. Usage -- Reads address. address = gpib.address -- Writes address. gpib.address = address Set from 0 to 30. address •...
Page 321 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-47 localnode attributes The attributes in this group are used to set the power line frequency, control (on/off) prompting and control (hide/show) error messages on the display. localnode.linefreq Attribute Power line frequency. -- Reads line frequency.
Page 322 12-48 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual localnode.linefreqauto Attribute Automatic power line frequency detection control. Usage -- Read auto line frequency detection flag = localnode.linefreqauto -- setting. -- Enable automatic line frequency localnode.linefreqauto = true -- detection at powerup. •...
Page 323 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-49 localnode.prompts Attribute Prompting mode. Usage -- Reads prompting state. prompting = localnode.prompts -- Writes prompting state. localnode.prompts = prompting Set to 0 to disable or 1 to enable. prompting • This attribute controls prompting. When it is set to 1, prompts are issued after each Remarks command message is processed by the instrument.
Page 324 12-50 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual localnode.showerrors Attribute Automatic display of errors. Usage -- Reads show errors state. errormode = localnode.showerrors -- Writes show errors state. localnode.showerrors = errormode Set to 0 or 1. errormode • If this attribute is set to 1, for any errors that are generated, the unit will automatically Remarks display the errors stored in the error queue, and then clear the queue.
Page 325 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-51 Example Creates a getter function called getlevel getlevel = makegetter(smua.source, "levelv") v = getlevel() When is called, it returns the value of getlevel smua.source.levelv makesetter Function Creates a function to set the value of an attribute. Usage setter = makesetter(table, attributename) Read-only table were the attribute is located.
Page 326 12-52 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual opc function This function sets the OPC bit in the status register when all overlapped commands are completed. Function Sets the Operation Complete status bit when all overlapped commands are completed. Usage opc() •...
Page 327 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-53 printbuffer and printnumber functions These functions are used to print data and numbers. printbuffer Function Prints data from reading buffer sub-tables. There are multiple ways to use this function, depending on how many sub-tables are Usage used: printbuffer(start_index, end_index, st_1)
Page 328 12-54 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example This example prints all timestamps and readings in one buffer and all readings from , where n is 4: another buffer format.data = format.ASCII printbuffer(1, rb1.n, rb1.timestamps, rb1, rb2) Example of returned data (timestamps, rb1.readings, rb2.readings): 1.02345E-04, 8.76542E-04, 5.29372E-01, 1.02445E-04, 8.66543E-04, 5.24242E-01, 1.02545E-04, 8.56547E-04, 5.19756E-01, 1.02645E-04,...
Page 329 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-55 reset function This function is used to return all logical instruments to the default settings. reset Function Resets the logical instruments to the default settings. Usage reset() • This function resets all logical instruments in the system. This function is equivalent Remarks to iterating over all the logical instruments in the system and calling the reset method of each.
Page 330 12-56 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual serial.databits Attribute Character width (data bits) for the RS-232 port. Usage -- Reads data width. bits = serial.databits -- Writes data width. serial.databits = bits Set to 7 or 8. bits •...
Page 331 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-57 serial.parity Attribute Parity for the RS-232 port. Usage -- Reads parity. parity = serial.parity -- Writes parity. serial.parity = parity to one of the following values: parity Selects no parity. "none"...
Page 332 12-58 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Also see serial.write Reads data from the serial port: Example data = serial.read(200) print(data) Output: John Doe The above output indicates that the string “John Doe” was read from the serial port. serial.write Function Writes data to the serial port.
Page 333 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-59 setup.recall Function Recalls settings from a saved setup. Usage setup.recall(n) Setup number to recall (0 to 5). Remarks For an setting of 0, the unit recalls the factory default (reset) setup. For an setting of 1 to 5, the unit recalls a user saved setup.
Page 334 12-60 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX functions and attributes The functions and attributes in this group are used to control basic source-measure operations of the SMUs and perform calibration. smuX.cal.date X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Calibration date for the active calibration set.
Page 335 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-61 smuX.cal.due X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Calibration due date for the next calibration. Usage -- Reads calibration due date. caldue = smuX.cal.due -- Writes calibration due date. smuX.cal.due = caldue to the following value: caldue...
Page 336 12-62 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.cal.password X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Password to enable calibration. Usage smuX.cal.password = newpassword The new password (string). newpassword • A new password can only be assigned when calibration has been unlocked. Remarks •...
Page 337 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-63 Example Selects positive calibration constants for all subsequent measurements: smua.cal.polarity = smua.CAL_POSITIVE smuX.cal.restore X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Loads a stored set of calibration constants. Usage There are two ways to use this function: smuX.cal.restore() smuX.cal.restore(calset) Calibration set to be loaded.
Page 338 12-64 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.cal.save X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Stores the calibration constants in non-volatile memory. Usage smuX.cal.save() • This function will store the current set of calibration constants in non-volatile Remarks memory.
Page 339 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-65 smuX.cal.unlock X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Enables the commands that change calibration settings. Usage smuX.cal.unlock(password) Calibration password. password • This function enables the calibration functions to change the calibration settings. Remarks •...
Page 340 12-66 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.contact.calibratehi X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Calibrate the high/sense high contact check measurement. Usage smuX.contact.calibratehi(cp1measured, cp1reference, cp2measured, cp2reference) cp1measured -- the value measured by this SMU for calibration point 1. cp1reference -- the reference measurement for calibration point 1 as measured externally.
Page 341 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-67 Takes action if contact check on SMU A fails: Example if (not smua.contact.check()) then -- take action smuX.contact.r X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Measure contact resistance. Usage rhi, rlo = smuX.contact.r() rhi –...
Page 342 12-68 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.contact.threshold X = SMU channel (a or b) Function Resistance threshold for the smuX.contact.check function. Usage smuX.contact.threshold = rvalue -- writes the threshold rvalue = smuX.contact.threshold -- reads the threshold rvalue -- Set to the resistance, in ohms, above which contact check should fail Remarks The default threshold is 50Ω.
Page 343 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-69 smuX.measure.autorangeY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Attribute Measure auto range setting. Usage -- Reads measure auto range. autorange = smuX.measure.autorangeY -- Writes measure auto range.
Page 344 12-70 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • The Series 2600 uses a ratio metric A/D conversion technique. To ensure Remarks accuracy of readings, the instrument must periodically obtain fresh measurements of its internal ground and voltage reference. The time interval between needing to update these reference measurements is determined by the integration aperture being used for measurements.
Page 345 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-71 • This function generates and activates new calibration constants for the given range. Remarks The positive and negative polarities of the instrument must be calibrated separately. Use a positive value for to calibrate the positive polarity and a negative value range to calibrate the negative polarity.
Page 346 12-72 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.measure.filter.count X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Number of measured readings to yield one filtered measurement. Usage -- Reads filter count. count = smuX.measure.filter.count -- Writes filter count. smuX.measure.filter.count = count Set filter count from 1 to 100.
Page 347 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-73 • There are two averaging filter types to choose from: Repeating and moving. For the Remarks repeating filter (which is the power-on default), the stack (filter count) is filled, and the conversions are averaged to yield a reading.
Page 348 12-74 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.measure.lowrangeY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Attribute Lowest measure range that will be used during autoranging. Usage -- Reads low range.
Page 349 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-75 • This function will start a measurement and return immediately. The measurements, Remarks as they are performed, are stored in a reading buffer (along with any ancillary information also being acquired). If the instrument is configured to return multiple readings where one is requested, the readings will be available as they are made.
Page 350 12-76 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.measure.rangeY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Attribute Fixed measure range for voltage or current. Usage -- Reads measure range.
Page 351 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-77 smuX.measure.rel.enableY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v, i, r or p) where: v = voltage, i = current, r = resistance, p = power Attribute Relative measurement control (on/off).
Page 352 12-78 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.measure.Y X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v, i, r or p) where: smuX.measure.iv v = voltage, i = current, r = resistance, p = power Function Performs one or more measurements.
Page 353 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-79 • The function performs a measurement and then sets the Remarks smuX.measureYandstep source to . The function is similar, but sourcevalue smuX.measureivandstep performs two measurements; one for current (i) and one for voltage (v). •...
Page 354 12-80 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.nvbufferY.appendmode X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = NV buffer (1 or 2) Attribute Append mode for the reading buffer. Usage -- Reads append mode. state = smuX.nvbufferY.appendmode -- Writes append mode.
Page 355 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-81 smuX.nvbufferY.capacity X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = NV buffer (1 or 2) Attribute Capacity of the buffer. Usage capacity = smuX.nvbufferY.capacity • Reading this attribute returns the number of readings that can be stored in the Remarks buffer.
Page 356 12-82 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • Assigning a value to this attribute enables or disables the storage of source Remarks state values. Reading this attribute returns the of source value collection. state • When on, source values will be stored with readings in the buffer. This requires four extra bytes of storage per reading.
Page 357 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-83 Example Read the number of readings stored in SMU A buffer 1: bufferreadings = smua.nvbuffer1.n print(bufferreadings) Output: 1.250000+02 The above output indicates that there are 125 readings stored in the buffer. smuX.nvbufferY.timestampresolution X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = NV buffer (1 or 2)
Page 358 12-84 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.sense X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Remote/local sense mode. -- Reads sense mode. Usage sense = smuX.sense -- Writes sense mode. smuX.sense = sense to one of the following values: sense Selects local sense (2-wire).
Page 359 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-85 Also see smuX.measure.autorangeY, smuX.source.rangeY Enables volts source auto range for SMU A: Example smua.source.autorangev = smua.AUTORANGE_ON smuX.source.calibrateY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Function Generates and activates new source calibration constants.
Page 360 12-86 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.source.compliance X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Source compliance state. Usage compliance = smuX.source.compliance • Use this attribute to read the state of source compliance. true indicates that the limit Remarks function is in control of the source (source in compliance).
Page 361 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-87 smuX.source.delay X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Source delay. Usage -- Writes source delay. smuX.source.delay = Y to one of the following values: No delay. smuX.DELAY_OFF Auto delay. smuX.DELAY_AUTO Set user delay value.
Page 362 12-88 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.source.levelY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Attribute Source levels. Usage -- Reads source value. sourceval = smuX.source.levelY -- Writes source value.
Page 363 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-89 • Use the attribute to limit the current output of the voltage Remarks smuX.source.limiti source. Use to limit the voltage output of the current source. smuX.source.limitv The SMU will always choose (auto range) the source range for the limit setting. •...
Page 364 12-90 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.source.offlimiti X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute The current limit used when the SMU is in output off normal mode. Usage ivalue = smuX.source.offlimiti -- read the limits smuX.source.offlimiti = ivalue -- write the limit ivalue = the current limit to use Remarks...
Page 365 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-91 Details “Output-off states” in Section Also see smuX.source.output Sets output-off mode for SMU A: Example smua.source.offmode = smua.OUTPUT_HIGH_Z smuX.source.output X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Source output control (on/off). Usage -- Reads output state.
Page 366 12-92 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual smuX.source.outputenableaction X = SMU channel (a or b) Attribute Output enable or interlock action for the source. -- Reads enable action. Usage action = smuX.source.outputenableaction -- Writes enable action. smuX.source.outputenableaction = action to one of the following values: action No action.
Page 367 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-93 smuX.source.rangeY X = SMU channel (a or b) Y = SMU measure function (v or i) where v = voltage, i = current Attribute Source range. Usage -- Reads source range. rangeval = smuX.source.rangeY -- Writes source range.
Page 368 12-94 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status function and attributes The following provides a brief overview of the status model. Details on the status model are provided in Appendix D of this manual. Status register sets A typical status register set is made up of a condition register, an event register and an event enable register (many also have negative and positive transition reg- isters).
Page 369 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-95 status.condition Attribute Status byte register. Usage Reads the status byte register: statbyte = status.condition • This attribute is used to read the status byte, which is returned as a numeric value. Remarks The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 370 12-96 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.measurement.* status.measurement.condition status.measurement.enable status.measurement.event status.measurement.ntr status.measurement.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement event status register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.condition measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.enable measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.event measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.ntr...
Page 371 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-97 • This attribute is used to read or write to the measurement registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set. The least significant bit of the binary number is bit 0, and the most significant bit is bit 15.
Page 372 12-98 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.measurement.buffer_available.* status.measurement.buffer_available.condition status.measurement.buffer_available.enable status.measurement.buffer_available.event status.measurement.buffer_available.ntr status.measurement.buffer_available.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement buffer available event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.buffer_available.condition measreg = status.measurement.buffer_available.enable measreg = status.measurement.buffer_available.event...
Page 373 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-99 status.measurement.current_limit.* status.measurement.current_limit.condition status.measurement.current_limit.enable status.measurement.current_limit.event status.measurement.current_limit.ntr status.measurement.current_limit.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement current limit event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.condition measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.enable measreg = status.measurement.current_limit.event...
Page 374 12-100 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.measurement.instrument.* status.measurement.instrument.condition status.measurement.instrument.enable status.measurement.instrument.event status.measurement.instrument.ntr status.measurement.instrument.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement instrument event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.instrument.condition measreg = status.measurement.instrument.enable measreg = status.measurement.instrument.event measreg = status.measurement.instrument.ntr...
Page 375 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-101 status.measurement.instrument.smuX.* smuX = smua or smub status.measurement.instrument.smuX.condition status.measurement.instrument.smuX.enable status.measurement.instrument.smuX.event status.measurement.instrument.smuX.ntr status.measurement.instrument.smuX.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement SMU event status register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.instrument.smuX.condition measreg = status.measurement.instrument.smuX.enable measreg = status.measurement.instrument.smuX.event...
Page 376 12-102 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • This attribute is used to read or write to the measurement SMU event registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 377 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-103 status.measurement.reading_overflow.* status.measurement.reading_overflow.condition status.measurement.reading_overflow.enable status.measurement.reading_overflow.event status.measurement.reading_overflow.ntr status.measurement.reading_overflow.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement reading overflow event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.reading_overflow.condition measreg = status.measurement.reading_overflow.enable measreg = status.measurement.reading_overflow.event...
Page 378 12-104 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.measurement.voltage_limit.* status.measurement.voltage_limit.condition status.measurement.voltage_limit.enable status.measurement.voltage_limit.event status.measurement.voltage_limit.ntr status.measurement.voltage_limit.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Measurement voltage limit event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: measreg = status.measurement.voltage_limit.condition measreg = status.measurement.voltage_limit.enable measreg = status.measurement.voltage_limit.event...
Page 379 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-105 status.node_enable Attribute Status node enable register. Usage Reads status node enable register: nodeenabreg = status.node_enable Writes to system enable register: status.node_enable = nodeenabreg to one of the following values: nodeenabreg Clears all bits.
Page 380 12-106 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.node_event Attribute Status node event register. Usage Reads the status node event register: nodeeventreg = status.node_event • This attribute is used to read the status node event register, which is returned as a Remarks numeric value.
Page 381 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-107 status.operation.* status.operation.condition status.operation.enable status.operation.event status.operation.ntr status.operation.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation event status register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.condition operreg = status.operation.enable operreg = status.operation.event operreg = status.operation.ntr...
Page 382 12-108 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • This attribute is used to read or write to the operation event registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 383 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-109 status.operation.calibrating.* status.operation.calibrating.condition status.operation.calibrating.enable status.operation.calibrating.event status.operation.calibrating.ntr status.operation.calibrating.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation calibration event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.calibrating.condition operreg = status.operation.calibrating.enable operreg = status.operation.calibrating.event operreg = status.operation.calibrating.ntr...
Page 384 12-110 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.operation.instrument.* status.operation.instrument.condition status.operation.instrument.enable status.operation.instrument.event status.operation.instrument.ntr status.operation.instrument.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation instrument event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.instrument.condition operreg = status.operation.instrument.enable operreg = status.operation.instrument.event operreg = status.operation.instrument.ntr...
Page 385 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-111 status.operation.instrument.* smuX = smua or smub status.operation.instrument.smuX.condition status.operation.instrument.smuX.enable status.operation.instrument.smuX.event status.operation.instrument.smuX.ntr status.operation.instrument.smuX.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation SMU event register sets. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.instrument.smuX.condition operreg = status.operation.instrument.smuX.enable operreg = status.operation.instrument.smuX.event...
Page 386 12-112 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • This attribute is used to read or write to the operation SMU event registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 387 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-113 status.operation.measuring.* status.operation.measuring.condition status.operation.measuring.enable status.operation.measuring.event status.operation.measuring.ntr status.operation.measuring.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation measurement event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.measuring.condition operreg = status.operation.measuring.enable operreg = status.operation.measuring.event operreg = status.operation.measuring.ntr...
Page 388 12-114 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.operation.user.* status.operation.user.condition status.operation.user.enable status.operation.user.event status.operation.user.ntr status.operation.user.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Operation user event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: operreg = status.operation.user.condition operreg = status.operation.user.enable operreg = status.operation.user.event operreg = status.operation.user.ntr...
Page 389 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-115 • This attribute is used to read or write to the operation user registers. Remarks • Bits of the user event register are set by setting the corresponding bits of the user enable register and the user condition register.
Page 390 12-116 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.questionable.* status.questionable.condition status.questionable.enable status.questionable.event status.questionable.ntr status.questionable.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Questionable event status register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: quesreg = status.questionable.condition quesreg = status.questionable.enable quesreg = status.questionable.event quesreg = status.questionable.ntr...
Page 391 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-117 • This attribute is used to read or write to the questionable event registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 392 12-118 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.questionable.calibration.* status.questionable.calibration.condition status.questionable.calibration.enable status.questionable.calibration.event status.questionable.calibration.ntr status.questionable.calibration.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Questionable calibration event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: quesreg = status.questionable.calibration.condition quesreg = status.questionable.calibration.enable quesreg = status.questionable.calibration.event quesreg = status.questionable.calibration.ntr...
Page 393 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-119 status.questionable.instrument.* status.questionable.instrument.condition status.questionable.instrument.enable status.questionable.instrument.event status.questionable.instrument.ntr status.questionable.instrument.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Questionable instrument event register set. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.condition quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.enable quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.event quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.ntr...
Page 394 12-120 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.questionable.instrument.smuX.* smuX = smua or smub status.questionable.instrument.smuX.condition status.questionable.instrument.smuX.enable status.questionable.instrument.smuX.event status.questionable.instrument.smuX.ntr status.questionable.instrument.smuX.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Questionable SMU event register sets. Usage Reads condition, enable, event, NTR and PTR registers: quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.smuX.condition quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.smuX.enable quesreg = status.questionable.instrument.smuX.event...
Page 395 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-121 Example Sets the OTEMP bit of the questionable SMU A enable register: status.questionable.instrument.smua.enable = status.questionable.OTEMP status.questionable.over_temperature.* status.questionable.over_temperature.condition status.questionable.over_temperature.enable status.questionable.over_temperature.event status.questionable.over_temperature.ntr status.questionable.over_temperature.ptr * = condition, enable, event, ntr or ptr Attribute Questionable over temperature event register set.
Page 396 12-122 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Details “Questionable Event Registers” in Appendix Example Sets the SMUA bit of the questionable over temperature enable register: status.questionable.over_temperature.enable = status.questionable.over_temperature.SMUA status.request_enable Attribute Service request enable register. Usage Reads service request enable register: servenabreg = status.request_enable Writes to system enable register: status.request_enable = servenabreg...
Page 397 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-123 • This attribute is used to read or write to the service request enable register. Remarks • Reading the service request enable status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set. The least significant bit of the binary number is bit 0, and the most significant bit is bit 7.
Page 398 12-124 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.reset Function Resets all bits set in the status model. Usage status.reset() This function clears all status data structure registers (enable, event, NTR and PTR) to Remarks their power up states. Details Appendix status.standard.*...
Page 399 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-125 • This attribute is used to read or write to the standard event registers. Remarks • Reading a status register returns a value. The binary equivalent of the returned value indicates which register bits are set.
Page 400 12-126 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.system.* status.system.condition status.system.enable status.system.event * = condition, enable or event Attribute TSP-Link system data structure register set. Usage Reads condition, enable and event registers: enablereg = status.system.condition enablereg = status.system.enable enablereg = status.system.event Writes to enable register: status.system.enable = enablereg...
Page 401 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-127 status.system2.* status.system2.condition status.system2.enable status.system2.event * = condition, enable or event Attribute TSP-Link system2 data structure register set. Usage Reads condition, enable and event registers: enablereg = status.system2.condition enablereg = status.system2.enable enablereg = status.system2.event Writes to enable register: status.system2.enable = enablereg...
Page 402 12-128 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.system3.* status.system3.condition status.system3.enable status.system3.event * = condition, enable or event Attribute TSP-Link system3 data structure register set. Usage Reads condition, enable and event registers: enablereg = status.system3.condition enablereg = status.system3.enable enablereg = status.system3.event Writes to enable register: status.system3.enable = enablereg...
Page 403 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-129 status.system4.* status.system4.condition status.system4.enable status.system4.event * = condition, enable or event Attribute TSP-Link system4 data structure register set. Usage Reads condition, enable and event registers: enablereg = status.system4.condition enablereg = status.system4.enable enablereg = status.system4.event Writes to enable register: status.system4.enable = enablereg...
Page 404 12-130 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual status.system5.* status.system5.condition status.system5.enable status.system5.event * = condition, enable or event Attribute TSP-Link system5 data structure register set. Usage Reads condition, enable and event registers: enablereg = status.system5.condition enablereg = status.system5.enable enablereg = status.system5.event Writes to enable register: status.system5.enable = enablereg...
Page 405 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-131 timer functions The functions in this group are used for the timer. The timer can be used to measure the time it takes to perform various operations. Use the timer.reset function at the beginning of an operation to reset the timer to zero, and then use the timer.measure.t...
Page 406 12-132 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual trigger functions The functions in this group are used to control triggering. trigger.clear Function Clears the command interface trigger event detector. Usage trigger.clear() The trigger event detector remembers if an event has been detected since the last Remarks call.
Page 407 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-133 tsplink function and attributes The function and attributes in this group are used to assign node numbers to Series 2600 instruments and initialize the TSP-Link system. tsplink.node Attribute TSP-Link node number. -- Reads the node number.
Page 408 12-134 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual • This attribute stores the TSP-Link status, either . The state will Remarks online offline be “offline” after the unit is powered on. After is successful, the tsplink.reset state will be “online”. •...
Page 409 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Instrument Control Library 12-135 userstring.catalog Function Creates an iterator for the user string catalog. Usage for name in userstring.catalog() do ... end Remarks Accessing the catalog for user string names allows the user to print or delete all string name values in non-volatile memory.
Page 410 12-136 Instrument Control Library Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual userstring.get Function Retrieves a user-defined string from non-volatile memory. Usage value = userstring.get(name) Name of the user string. name Returns the string value associated with name. value Remarks This function will retrieve from non-volatile memory the string that is associated with the string name.
Page 411 Section 13 Factory Scripts Section 13 topics Introduction, page 13-2 Factory script, page 13-2 KIGeneral, page 13-2 KIPulse, page 13-13 Flash firmware upgrade, page 13-35...
Page 412 LOAD TEST menu. All of them can be called using remote programming. As Keithley Instruments develops additional factory scripts, they will be made available on the Keithley Instruments web site (www.keithley.com) as a flash firmware upgrade for the Series 2600.
Page 413 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-3 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: PulseIMeasureV(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points) Description: Performs a specified number of pulse I, measure V cycles: •...
Page 414 13-4 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: PulseVMeasureI(smu, bias, level, ton, toff, points) Description: Performs a specified number of pulse V, measure I cycles: •...
Page 415 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-5 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepILinMeasureV(smu, starti, stopi, stime, points) Description: Performs a linear current sweep with voltage measured at every step (point): •...
Page 416 13-6 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepVLinMeasureI(smu, startv, stopv, stime, points) Description: Performs a linear voltage sweep with current measured at every step (point): •...
Page 417 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-7 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepILogMeasureV(smu, starti, stopi, stime, points) Description: Performs a logarithmic current sweep with voltage measured at every step (point): •...
Page 418 13-8 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example: SweepILogMeasureV(smua, 0.01, 0.1, 0.001, 5) This function performs a 5-point logarithmic current sweep starting at 10mA and stopping at 100mA. Voltage is measured at every step (point) in the sweep. The source will be allowed to settle on each step for 1ms before a measurement is performed.
Page 419 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-9 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepVLogMeasureI(smu, startv, stopv, stime, points) Description: Performs a logarithmic voltage sweep with current measured at every step (point): •...
Page 420 13-10 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example: SweepVLogMeasureI(smua, 1, 10, 0.001, 5) This function performs a 5-point logarithmic voltage sweep starting at 1V and stopping at 10V. Current is measured at every step (point) in the sweep. The source will be allowed to settle on each step for 1ms before a measurement is performed.
Page 421 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-11 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepIListMeasureV(smu, ilist, stime, points) Description: Performs a current list sweep with voltage measured at every step (point): •...
Page 422 13-12 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryGeneral TSP Test Script Name: KIGeneral Firmware Version: 1.0.2 and later Function: SweepVListMeasureI(smu, vlist, stime, points) Description: Performs a voltage list sweep with current measured at every step (point): •...
Page 423 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-13 KIPulse The KIPulse factory script is made up of the functions in the table below. These functions can only be accessed from the remote interfaces and cannot be accessed from the front panel. The primary purpose of this factory script is to provide high-speed, high-power pulse functions.
Page 424 13-14 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Config InitiatePulseTest InitiatePulseTestDual Source autorange (I&V) off. Output on. Output on. Measure autorange (I&V) off. Enough free space in buffer. Enough free space in buffer. Measure NPLC < ton. Buffer appendmode on when Buffer appendmode on when pulse pulse train is >1 point.
Page 425 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-15 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: ConfigPulseIMeasureV Usage: f, msg = ConfigPulseIMeasureV (smu,bias,level,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag[,sync_in][,sync_out]) Description: Configures a current pulse train with a voltage measurement at each point. Measurement(s) will be made at the end of the ton time.
Page 426 13-16 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Waveform: pulse bias toff Return A Boolean flag. This flag will be true when the pulse was Values: successfully configured, false when errors were encountered. A string message. If the f flag is false, msg will contain an error msg: message.
Page 427 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-17 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: ConfigPulseVMeasureI Usage: f, msg = ConfigPulseVMeasureI (smu,bias,level,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag[,sync_in][,sync_out]) Description: Configures a voltage pulse train with a current measurement at each point. Measurement(s) will be made at the end of the ton time.
Page 428 13-18 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Waveform: pulse bias toff Return A Boolean flag. This flag will be true when the pulse was Values: successfully configured, false when errors were encountered. A string message. If the f flag is false, msg will contain an error msg: message.
Page 429 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-19 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: ConfigPulseIMeasureVSweepLin Usage: f, msg = ConfigPulseIMeasureVSweepLin (smu,bias,start,stop,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag[,sync_in] [,sync_out]) Description: Configures a linear pulsed current sweep with a voltage measurement at each point.
Page 430 13-20 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Waveform: stop step = (stop - start)/(points -1) step step start bias toff Return A Boolean flag. This flag will be true when the pulse was Values: successfully configured, false when errors were encountered. A string message.
Page 431 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-21 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: ConfigPulseVMeasureISweepLin Usage: f, msg = ConfigPulseVMeasureISweepLin (smu,bias,start,stop,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag[,sync_in] [,sync_out]) Description: Configures a linear pulsed voltage sweep with a current measurement at each point.
Page 432 13-22 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Waveform: stop step = (stop - start)/(points -1) step step start bias toff Return A Boolean flag. This flag will be true when the pulse was Values: successfully configured, false when errors were encountered. A string message.
Page 433 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-23 TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: ConfigPulseIMeasureVSweepLog Usage: f, msg = ConfigPulseIMeasureVSweepLog (smu,bias,start,stop,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag[,sync_in] [,sync_out]) Description: Configures a logarithmic pulsed current sweep with a voltage measurement at each point.
Page 434 13-24 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Parameters: smu,bias,start,stop,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag [,sync_in][,sync_out]) SourceMeter channel. (e.g. smua). smu: Pulse bias level in amps. bias: Pulse sweep start level in amps. start: Pulse sweep stop level in amps. stop: Voltage limit (i.e. compliance) in volts. limit: Pulse width (i.e.
Page 435 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-25 Output Pulsed voltage measurements are stored in the reading buffer specified by Data: the buffer input argument. Example: ConfigPulseIMeasureVSweepLog(smua, 0, 1e-3, 0.01, 1, 1e-3, 10e-3, 10, smua.nvbuffer1, 5) Setup a pulsed log sweep that will use SourceMeter channel A. The pulsed sweep will start at 1mA, end at 10mA, and return to a 0A bias level between pulses.
Page 436 13-26 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Parameters: smu,bias,start,stop,limit,ton,toff,points,buffer,tag [,sync_in][,sync_out]) SourceMeter channel. (e.g. smua). smu: Pulse bias level in volts. bias: Pulse sweep start level in volts. start: Pulse sweep stop level in volts. stop: Current limit (i.e. compliance) in amps. limit: Pulse width (i.e.
Page 437 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-27 Output Pulsed current measurements are stored in the reading buffer specified by Data: the buffer input argument. Example: ConfigPulseVMeasureISweepLog(smub, 0, 1, 10, 1, 10e-3, 20e-3, 10, smub.nvbuffer1, 6) Setup a pulsed log sweep that will use SourceMeter channel B. The pulsed sweep will start at 1V, end at 10V, and return to a 0V bias level between pulses.
Page 438 13-28 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: QueryPulseConfig Usage: tbl = QueryPulseConfig(tag) Description: Once a pulse train has been configured and assigned to a tag, it is often times desirable to inspect the settings of this pre-configured pulse train.
Page 439 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-29 Example(s): smua.reset() smua.source.rangev smua.source.rangei smua.source.levelv smua.measure.rangev smua.measure.rangei smua.measure.nplc = 0.01 smua.measure.autozero = smua.AUTOZERO_ONCE smua.nvbuffer1.clear() smua.nvbuffer1.appendmode = 1 smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON f1, msg1 = ConfigPulseVMeasureI(smua, 0, 5, 1, 0.002, 0.2, 10,smua.nvbuffer1, 1) print(QueryPulseConfig(1).tostring()) Output from commands above >>...
Page 440 13-30 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: InitiatePulseTest Usage: f, msg = InitiatePulseTest(tag) Description: This function initiates the pulse configuration assigned tag. Parameters: tag: Numeric identifier of pulse train configuration to be initiated.
Page 441 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-31 Example(s): Configure SourceMeter channels A to generate a pulse train. If no errors are (continued) encountered, initiate the pulse train. Channel A will pulse voltage from a bias level of 0V to pulse level of 5V. The pulse level will be present for 2 msec and the bias level for 200 msec, with a 1A limit setting.
Page 442 13-32 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual TSP Project Name: KIFactoryPulse TSP Test Script Name: KIPulse Firmware Version: 1.2.0 and later Function: InitiatePulseTestDual Usage: f, msg = InitiatePulseTestDual(tag1, tag2) Description: This function initiates the pulse configurations assigned to tag1 and tag2. The pulse trains associated with the indicated tags will be generated simultaneously.
Page 443 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Factory Scripts 13-33 Return A Boolean flag. This flag will be true when the pulse was Values: successfully configured, false when errors were encountered. A string message. If the f flag is false, msg will contain an error msg: message.
Page 444 13-34 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example(s): f1, msg1 = ConfigPulseVMeasureI(smua, 0, 5, 1, 0.002, 0.2, (continued) 10,smua.nvbuffer1, 1) f2, msg2 = ConfigPulseIMeasureV(smub, 0,-1, 5, 0.001, 0.2, smub.nvbuffer1, 2) if (f1 == true) and (f2 == true) then f3, msg3 = InitiatePulseTestDual(1,2) print("Initiate message:", msg3) else...
Page 445 DUT damage. Disconnect input/output terminals before performing a flash upgrade. After downloading the new flash file from the Keithley Instruments website, use the Test Script Builder (TSB) to upgrade the firmware of your Series 2600: 1. On the PC desktop, double-click the icon for the Test Script Builder.
Page 446 13-36 Factory Scripts Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 13 topics...
Page 447 Section 14 Display Operations (Display functions & attributes) Section 14 topics Display functions and attributes, page 14-2 Display features, page 14-3 Display screen, page 14-3 Measurement functions, page 14-3 Display resolution, page 14-4 Display messages, page 14-4 Clearing the display, page 14-5 Cursor position,...
Page 448 14-2 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display functions and attributes The display functions and attributes are used to perform the display operations covered in this section. Table14-1 lists each display function/attribute (in alphabetical order) and cross references it to the section topic where the function/ attribute is explained.
Page 449 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-3 Display features Display screen The Series 2600 can display source-measure values/readings or user defined messages. The display screen options include the following: • Source-measure, compliance screens: • Display source and compliance values, and measure readings for SMU A. •...
Page 450 14-4 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display resolution Display resolution for measured readings can be set to 4-1/2, 5-1/2 or 6-1/2 digit resolution. attribute is used to set display resolution for measured display.smuXdigits readings: display.smuX.digits = digits Where: smuX smua...
Page 451 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-5 NOTE display.clear, display.setcursor, functions (which are explained in display.settext the following paragraphs) are overlapped, non-blocking commands. The script will NOT wait for one of these commands to complete. These non-blocking functions do not immediately update the display.
Page 452 14-6 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 14-1 Row/column format for display messaging The function to set cursor position can be used two ways: display.setcursor(row, column) display.setcursor(row, column, style) where: row = 1 or 2 (Row 1) column = 1 to 20 (Row 2) = 1 to 32...
Page 453 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-7 Example: The following code will display “Test in Process” on the top line, and “Do Not Disturb” on the bottom line: display.clear() display.setcursor(1, 1, 0) display.settext("Test in Process") display.setcursor(2, 6, 0) display.settext("Do Not Disturb") Character codes The following special codes can be imbedded in the...
Page 454 14-8 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual If the extra character is not included, the would be interpreted as an undefined character code and will be ignored. The message “You owe me” will instead be displayed. NOTE Care must be taken when imbedding character codes in the text string.
Page 455 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-9 Input prompting Display messaging can also be used along with front panel controls to make a user script interactive. For an interactive script, input prompts are displayed so that the operator can perform a prescribed action using the front panel controls. While displaying an input prompt, the test will pause and wait for the operator to perform the prescribed action from the front panel.
Page 456 14-10 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Parameter value prompting There are two functions to create an editable input field on the user screen at the present cursor position: display.inputvalue display.prompt function uses the user screen at the present cursor display.inputvalue position.
Page 457 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-11 The two functions are similar in that they both display the editable input field, but the display.inputvalue function does not include the text strings for units and help . After one of the above functions is executed, script execution will pause and wait for the operator in input the source level.
Page 458: Table14-2 Bit Identification For Annunciators
14-12 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual For example, assume the returned bitmap value is 34061. The binary equivalent of this value is as follows: 1000010100001101 For the above binary number, the following bits are set to “1”: 16, 11, 9, 4, 3 and 1. Using Table14-2 , the following annunciators are on: REL, REM, EDIT, AUTO, 4W...
Page 459 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-13 Load test menu The LOAD TEST menu lists script tests (USER and FACTORY) that can be run from the front panel. Factory script tests (functions) are pre-loaded and saved in non-volatile memory at the factory. They are available in the FACTORY TESTS submenu.
Page 460 14-14 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Example 1: Assume a script with a function named “DUT1” has already been loaded into the Series 2600, and the script has NOT been saved in non-volatile memory. Now assume you want to add a test named “Test” to the USER TESTS menu. You want the test to run the function named “DUT1”...
Page 461 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-15 Display triggering Script execution can be held up for a specified period of time and wait for the operator to press the TRIG key to continue. The script will continue when the TRIG key is pressed, or the specified wait period has expired.
Page 462: Table14-3 Keycodes To Send For Display.sendkey
14-16 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Key-press codes Sending keycodes Keycodes are provided to remotely “press” a front key or the Rotary Knob. There are also keycodes to “rotate” the Knob to the left or right (one click at a time). Use function to perform these actions: display.sendkey display.sendkey(keycode)
Page 463: Table14-4 Keycode Values Returned For Display.getlastkey
Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Operations 14-17 Capturing key-press codes A history of the keycode for the last pressed front panel key is maintained by the Series 2600. When the instrument is powered-on, (or when transitioning from local to remote), the keycode is set to display.KEY_NONE) When a front panel key is pressed, the keycode value for that key can be captured and returned.
Page 464 14-18 Display Operations Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual display.waitkey function captures the keycode value for the next key display.waitkey press: key = display.waitkey() After sending the function, the script will pause and wait for the display.waitkey operator to press a front panel key. For example, if the MEAS key is pressed, the function will return the value 86, which is the keycode for that key.
Page 465 Section 15 Performance Verification Section 15 topics Introduction, page 15-2 Verification test requirements, page 15-2 Environmental conditions, page 15-2 Warm-up period, page 15-3 Line power, page 15-3 Recommended test equipment, page 15-3 Verification limits, page 15-4 Restoring factory defaults, page 15-5 Performing the verification test procedures, page 15-6...
Page 466 Use appropriate safety precautions when working with hazardous voltages. NOTE If the instrument is still under warranty and its performance is outside specified limits, contact your Keithley Instruments representative or the factory to determine the correct course of action.
Page 467 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-3 Warm-up period Allow the Series 2600 to warm up for at least two hours before conducting the verification procedures. If the instrument has been subjected to temperature extremes (those outside the ranges stated above), allow additional time for the instrument’s internal temperature to stabilize.
Page 468 15-4 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 15-1 Recommended verification equipment Manufacturer/ Description Model Accuracy Digital Multimeter Agilent 3458A DC Voltage 90mV: ±8ppm (2601/2602) 0.9V: ±5ppm 5.4V: ±4ppm 36V: ±6ppm DC Voltage 190mV: ±5ppm (2611/2612) 1.8V: ±4ppm 18V: ±6ppm 180V:...
Page 469 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-5 Example limits calculations Model 2601/2602 example As an example of how verification limits are calculated, assume you are testing the Model 2601/2602 6V DC output range using a 5.4V output value. Using the Model 2601/2602 one-year accuracy specification for 5.4V DC output of ±...
Page 470 15-6 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performing the verification test procedures Test summary • DC voltage output accuracy • DC voltage measurement accuracy • DC current output accuracy • DC current measurement accuracy If the Series 2600 is not within specifications and not under warranty, see the calibration procedures in Section 16 for information on calibrating the unit.
Page 471 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-7 WARNING The maximum common-mode voltage (voltage between LO and chassis ground) is 250VDC. Exceeding this value may cause a breakdown in insulation, creating a shock hazard. The Input/Output terminals of the SourceMeters are rated for connection to circuits rated Installation Category I only, with transients rated less than 1500V peak.
Page 472 15-8 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Output voltage accuracy Follow the steps below to verify that the Series 2600 output voltage accuracy is within specified limits. This test involves setting the output voltage to each full- range value and measuring the voltages with a precision digital multimeter. With the power off, connect the digital multimeter to the Series 2600 output terminals using 4-wire connections, as shown in Figure...
Page 473 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-9 Figure 15-1 Connections for voltage verification CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Table 15-2 Model 2601/2602 output voltage accuracy limits Model 2601/2602 Model 2601/2602 Output voltage limits source range output voltage setting (1 year, 18°C–28°C) 100mV...
Page 474 15-10 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Voltage measurement accuracy Follow the steps below to verify that the Series 2600 voltage measurement accuracy is within specified limits. The test involves setting the source voltage, as measured by a precision digital multimeter, and then verifying that the Series 2600 voltage readings are within required limits.
Page 475 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-11 Table 15-4 Model 2601/2602 voltage measurement accuracy limits Model 2601/2602 voltage Model 2601/2602 source reading limits and measure range Source voltage (1 year, 18°C–28°C) 100mV 90.000mV 89.8365 to 90.1635mV 0.90000V 0.899665 to 0.900335V 5.4000V 5.39819 to 5.40181V 36.000V...
Page 476 15-12 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Output current accuracy Follow the steps below to verify that the Series 2600 output current accuracy is within specified limits. With the power off, connect the digital multimeter to the Series 2600 output terminals, as shown in Figure 15-2.
Page 477 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-13 Figure 15-2 Current verification connections (100nA to 1A ranges) CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Table 15-6 Model 2601/2602 output current accuracy limits Model Model 2601/2602 2601/2602 output Output current limits source range current setting (1 year, 18°C–28°C)
Page 478 15-14 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 15-3 Current verification connections (2601/2602 3A range; 2611/2612 1.5A range) CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Table 15-7 Model 2611/2612 output current accuracy limits Model Model 2611/2612 2611/2612 output Output current limits source range...
Page 479 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Performance Verification 15-15 Current measurement accuracy Follow the steps below to verify that Series 2600 current measurement accuracy is within specified limits. The procedure involves applying accurate currents from the Series 2600 current source and then verifying that Series 2600 current measurements are within required limits.
Page 480 15-16 Performance Verification Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 15-8 Model 2601/2602 current measurement accuracy limits Model 2601/2602 Model 2601/2602 source and Source current reading limits measure range current (1 year, 18°C–28°C) 100nA 90.000nA 89.855 to 90.145nA 1µA 0.9000µA 0.899475 to 0.900525µA 10µA 9.0000µA...
Page 481 Section 16 Calibration Section 16 topics Introduction, page 16-2 Environmental conditions, page 16-2 Temperature and relative humidity, page 16-2 Warm-up period, page 16-2 Line power, page 16-2 Calibration considerations, page 16-3 Calibration cycle, page 16-3 Recommended calibration equipment, page 16-4 Calibration errors, page 16-5...
Page 482 16-2 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction Use the procedures in this section to calibrate the Series 2600 (Models 2601, 2602, 2611, and 2612). The procedures require accurate test equipment to measure precise DC voltages and currents. WARNING The information in this section is intended for qualified service personnel only.
Page 483 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-3 Calibration considerations When performing the calibration procedures: • Make sure that the test equipment is properly warmed up and connected to the correct Model 2600 terminals. • Always allow the source signal to settle before calibrating each point. •...
Page 484 16-4 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Recommended calibration equipment Table 16-1 lists the recommended equipment for the calibration procedures. You can use alternate equipment as long as that equipment has specifications equal to or greater than those listed in the table. When possible, test equipment specifications should be at least four times better than corresponding Series 2600 specifications.
Page 485 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-5 Calibration errors The Series 2600 checks for errors after each calibration step, minimizing the possibility that improper calibration may occur due to operator error. You can detect errors while in remote by testing the state of EAV (Error Available) bit (bit 2) in the status byte.
Page 486 16-6 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 16-2 Model 2601/2602 calibration steps Function Calibration steps Calibration points Sense mode Voltage Source 100mV ±1e-10, ±90mV smuX.SENSE_LOCAL and Measure 100mV ±1e-10, ±90mV smuX.SENSE_REMOTE ±1e-10, ±0.9V smuX.SENSE_LOCAL ±1e-10, ±0.9V smuX.SENSE_CALA ±1e-10, ±5.4V smuX.SENSE_LOCAL ±1e-10, ±36V smuX.SENSE_LOCAL...
Page 487 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-7 Table 16-3 Model 2611/2612 calibration steps Function Calibration steps Calibration points Sense mode Voltage Source 200mV ±1e-10, ±180mV smuX.SENSE_LOCAL and Measure 200mV ±1e-10, ±180mV smuX.SENSE_REMOTE ±1e-10, ±1.8V smuX.SENSE_LOCAL ±1e-10, ±1.8V smuX.SENSE_CALA ±1e-10, ±18V smuX.SENSE_LOCAL 200V ±1e-10, ±180V...
Page 488 16-8 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table 16-4 Calibration commands Command Description smuX.cal.date = caldate Set calibration date. smuX.cal.due = caldue Set calibration due date. smuX.cal.lock() Lock out calibration. smuX.cal.password = "newpassword" Change password to "newpassword". smuX.cal.polarity = polarity Set polarity: smuX.CAL_AUTO (auto polarity).
Page 489 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-9 Table 16-4 (continued) Calibration commands Command Description smuX.source.calibratei(range, Calibrate current source range: cp1expected, cp1reference, ±range (range to calibrate). cp2expected, cp2reference) cp1expected (source value programmed for cal. point 1). cp1reference (reference measurement for cal. point 1). cp2expected (source value programmed for cal.
Page 490 16-10 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Step 2. Voltage Calibration Connect the Series 2600 to the digital multimeter using the 4-wire connections shown in Figure 16-1, and select the multimeter DC volts function. Send the following commands in order to initialize voltage calibration: smua.cal.unlock("KI002602") smua.reset() smua.source.func = smua.OUTPUT_DCVOLTS...
Page 491 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-11 Perform each calibration step listed in Table 16-2 (Model 2601/2601) or Table 16-3 (Model 2611/2612) as follows: Select the range being calibrated with this command: smua.source.rangev = range (Note that it is not necessary to set the measure range for calibration.) For example, for the Model 2601/2602 1V range, the following command would be sent: smua.source.rangev = 1...
Page 492 16-12 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Send the source calibration command using the range, +zero and +FS multimeter readings, and +zero and +FS source values for the parameters: smua.source.calibratev(range,src_Z,DMM_Z_rdg, src_FS,DMM_FS_rdg) Where: range = present calibration range src_Z = +zero 2600 source output value DMM_Z_rdg = +zero DMM measurement src_FS = +FS 2600 source output value DMM_FS_rdg = +FS DMM measurement...
Page 493 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-13 Set the source output to the negative full scale value, for example: (Model 2601/2602) smua.source.levelv = -0.9 (Model 2611/2612) smua.source.levelv = -1.8 Turn on the output: smua.source.output = smua.OUTPUT_ON Allow the readings to settle, then get both the multimeter and Series 2600 voltage readings at the negative full-scale output value (the Series 2600 measurement is not necessary if this calibration step is being done on the CALA sense mode).
Page 494 16-14 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Be sure to complete steps a through v for all six voltage steps in Table 16-2 Table 16-3 before continuing with current calibration. Select auto polarity mode: smua.cal.polarity = smua.CAL_AUTO Figure 16-2 Connections for current calibration (100nA to 1A ranges) CHANNEL A...
Page 495 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-15 Perform each calibration step listed in Table 16-2 (Model 2601/2602) or Table 16-3 (Model 2611/2612): Select the range being calibrated with this command: smua.source.rangei = range (Note that it is not necessary to set the measure range for calibration.) For example, for the 1A range, the following command would be sent: smua.source.rangei = 1 Select the correct sense mode based on the calibration step from...
Page 496 16-16 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Send the source calibration command using the range, zero and +FS multimeter readings, and zero and +FS source values for the parameters: smua.source.calibratei(range,src_Z,DMM_Z_rdg, src_FS,DMM_FS_rdg) Where: range = present calibration range src_Z = +zero 2600 source output value DMM_Z_rdg = +zero DMM measurement src_FS = +FS 2600 source output value DMM_FS_rdg = +FS DMM measurement...
Page 497 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-17 Allow the readings to settle, then get both the multimeter and Series 2600 current readings at the negative full-scale output value (the Series 2600 measurement is not necessary if this calibration step is being done on the CALA sense mode).
Page 498 16-18 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Repeat steps a through v for the 3A and 10A ranges (Model 2601/2602) or 1.5A and 10A ranges (Model 2611/2612). Compute the current reading from the DMM voltage reading and characterized 0.5Ω resistance value: I = V/R.
Page 499 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-19 Step 4. Contact check calibration Short the Series 2600 sense low and output low terminals, as shown in Fig- 16-4. Also short the sense high and output high terminals together, as shown in the figure. Allow the readings to settle, then get the Series 2600 readings: r0_hi, r0_lo = smua.contact.r() Connect a 50Ω...
Page 500 16-20 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure 16-4 Connections for contact check 0Ω calibration CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B Figure 16-5 Connections for contact check 50Ω calibration CHANNEL A CAT I CAT I CHANNEL B 2600S-901-01 Rev.
Page 501 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Calibration 16-21 Step 5. Program calibration dates Use the following commands to set the calibration date and calibration due date: smua.cal.date = os.time({year=2005, month=1, day=1}) smua.cal.due = os.time({year=2006, month=1, day=1}) The actual year, month, day, and optionally hour, and minute should be used (seconds can be given but will essentially be ignored due to the precision of the internal date storage format).
Page 502 16-22 Calibration Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Section 16 topics...
Page 503 Section 17 Routine Maintenance Section 17 topics Introduction, page 17-2 Line fuse replacement, page 17-2 Front panel tests, page 17-2 KEYS test, page 17-3 DISPLAY PATTERNS test, page 17-4...
Page 504 17-2 Routine Maintenance Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction The information in this section deals with routine maintenance that can be performed by the operator. Line fuse replacement WARNING Disconnect the line cord at the rear panel, and remove all test leads connected to the instrument before replacing the line fuse.
Page 505 Table 17-1. Reinstall the fuse carrier. If the power line fuse continues to blow, a circuit malfunction exists and must be corrected. Return the unit to Keithley Instruments for repair. Table 17-1 Line fuse Keithley Instruments Line voltage Rating part no.
Page 506 17-4 Routine Maintenance Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual that it is functioning properly. When the key is released, the message “No keys pressed” is displayed. Pressing EXIT tests the EXIT key. However, the second consecutive press of EXIT aborts the test and returns the instrument to the SELF-TEST MENU.
Page 507 Appendix A Specifications Appendix A topics: Model 2600S Speciﬁcations, page A-2 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 508 System SourceMeter ® 2601 Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions 2602 SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS TRANSIENT RESPONSE TIME: <70µs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step This document contains speciﬁcations and supplemental information for the Models 2601 and 2602. change in load.
Page 509 System SourceMeter ® 2601 Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions 2602 METER SPECIFICATIONS GENERAL HOST INTERFACES: Computer control interfaces. VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model ACCURACY (1 Year) topology. DISPLAY INPUT 23°C ±5°C RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity RANGE RESOLUTION RESISTANCE...
Page 510 System SourceMeter ® 2611 Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions 2612 SPECIFICATION CONDITIONS ADDITIONAL SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS TRANSIENT RESPONSE TIME: <70µs for the output to recover to 0.1% for a 10% to 90% step This document contains speciﬁcations and supplemental information for the Models 2611 and 2612. change in load.
Page 511 300 µs SPEED FOR 60Hz (50Hz) ±(%rdg. + ohms) Typical tests were performed using remote operation, 4W sense, Keithley 2600-BAN cables and best, ﬁxed measure- FAST 1 (1.2) ms 5% + 10 ment range. For more information on pulse scripts, see the Series 2600 Reference Manual.
Page 512 System SourceMeter ® 2611 Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions 2612 GENERAL HOST INTERFACES: Computer control interfaces. IEEE-488: IEEE-488.1 compliant. Supports IEEE-488.2 common commands and status model topology. RS-232: Baud rates from 300 bps to 115200 bps. Programmable number of data bits, parity type, and ﬂow control (RTS/CTS hard- ware or none).
Page 513 System SourceMeter ® Series 2600 Multi-Channel I-V Test Solutions SPEED SPECIFICATIONS MAXIMUM SWEEP OPERATION RATES (operations per second) FOR 60Hz (50Hz): SOURCE MEASURE SOURCE MEASURE A/D CONVERTER MEASURE MEASURE SOURCE MEASURE SOURCE MEASURE PASS/FAIL PASS/FAIL SPEED TRIGGER ORIGIN TO MEMORY TO GPIB TO MEMORY TO GPIB...
Page 514 Requires: • VISA (NI-VISA included on CD) • Microsoft .NET Framework (included on CD) • Keithley I/O Layer (included on CD) • Pentium III 800MHz or faster personal computer • Microsoft Windows 98, NT, 2000, or XP Each SourceMeter has two TSP-Link connectors to facilitate chaining instruments together.
Page 515 Appendix B Error and Status Messages Appendix B topics Introduction, page B-2 Error summary, page B-2 Error effects on scripts, page B-2 Reading errors, page B-3...
Page 516 Error and Status Messages Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction This appendix includes information on error levels, how to read errors, and a complete listing of error messages. Error summary Errors are listed in Table B-2 starting on the next page. Error levels are listed below: •...
Page 517 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Error and Status Messages Reading errors When errors occur, the error messages will be placed in the error queue (see “Queues” in Appendix D Table B-1 lists commands associated with the error queue (see Section 12 for more information).
Page 518 Error and Status Messages Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table B-2 Error summary Error number Error level Error Message -430 RECOVERABLE Query Deadlocked -420 RECOVERABLE Query Unterminated -410 RECOVERABLE Query Interrupted -363 RECOVERABLE Input Buffer Over-run -350 RECOVERABLE Queue Overflow -315 RECOVERABLE Configuration Memory Lost...
Page 519 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Error and Status Messages Table B-2 (cont.) Error summary Error number Error level Error Message RECOVERABLE Power On State Lost FATAL Unresponsive digital FPGA RECOVERABLE Output Blocked By Interlock RECOVERABLE Parsing Value FATAL Internal System 1100 RECOVERABLE Command Unavailable...
Page 520 Error and Status Messages Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table B-2 (cont.) Error summary Error number Error level Error Message 1403 RECOVERABLE Factory scripts lost 1404 RECOVERABLE Invalid byte order 1405 RECOVERABLE Invalid ASCII precision 1406 RECOVERABLE Invalid data format 1500 RECOVERABLE Invalid baud rate setting...
Page 521 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Error and Status Messages Table B-2 (cont.) Error summary Error number Error level Error Message 5014 SERIOUS Cannot restore cal data - unlock before restore 5015 SERIOUS Save to cal set disallowed 5016 SERIOUS Cannot change cal date - unlock before operation 5017 SERIOUS...
Page 522 Error and Status Messages Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table B-2 (cont.) Error summary Error number Error level Error Message 5051 FATAL Model Number/SMU Hardware mismatch 5052 RECOVERABLE Interlock engaged; system stabilizing 5052 RECOVERABLE Cannot disable outputenableaction 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix B topics...
Page 523 Appendix C Common Commands Appendix C topics Introduction, page C-2 Common commands, page C-2 Command summary, page C-2 Script command equivalents, page C-3 Command reference, page C-4...
Page 524 Common Commands Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction This appendix includes information on common commands and their script command equivalents. Common commands Command summary Common commands supported by the Series 2600 SourceMeter are summarized Table C-1. Although commands are shown in upper-case, common commands are not case sensitive, and either upper or lower case can be used.
Page 525 Script command equivalents Common command Script command equivalent *CLS status.reset() *ESE? print(tostring(status.standard.enable)) *ESE <mask> status.standard.enable = <mask> *ESR? print(tostring(status.standard.event)) *IDN? print([[Keithley Instruments Inc., Model]]..localn- ode.model.. [[, ]]..localnode.serialno..[[, ]]..localnode.revision) *OPC? waitcomplete() print([[1]]) *OPC opc() *RST reset() *SRE? print(tostring(status.request_enable)) *SRE <mask> status.request_enable = <mask>...
Page 526 Reads ID information The identification string includes the manufacturer, model number, serial number, and firmware revision levels and is sent in the following format: Keithley Instruments Inc., Model nnnn, xxxxxxx, yyyyy Where: nnnn is the model number (Model 2601/2602/2611/2612). xxxxxxx is the serial number.
Page 527 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Common Commands *WAI — wait-to-continue Wait until commands are completed Two types of device commands exist: • Sequential commands — A command whose operations are allowed to finish before the next command is executed. •...
Page 528 Common Commands Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix C topics...
Page 529 Appendix D Status Model Appendix D topics Overview, page D-2 Status register sets, page D-17 Status byte and SRQ, page D-2 System Summary Event Registers, page D-17 Status register sets, page D-2 Standard Event Register, page D-18 Queues, page D-2 Operation Event Registers, page D-20...
Page 530 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Overview The SourceMeter provides a number of status registers and queues allowing the operator to monitor and manipulate the various instrument events. The status model is shown in Figure D-1 through Figure D-5.
Page 531 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model Figure D-1 Status model overview Error/Event Queue Status Byte Service Request Enable (status.condition/STB) (request_enable/SRE) & Measurement Summary Bit (MSB) & System Summary Bit (SSB) Queue Not Empty & Error Available (EAV) & Questionable Summary Bit (QSB) &...
Page 532 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure D-2 Status model (system summary and standard event registers) System Summary System Summary Register 3 (system3) Register 2 (system2) Extension Bit Extension Bit Node 29 Node 15 To Extension Bit in Node 30 Node 16 System Summary...
Page 533 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model Figure D-3 Status model (operation event registers) Operation Status Operation Status Calibration Summary Register (operation/OSR) Calibrating (CAL) SMU A (SMUA) To Operation Summary Bit SMU B (SMUB) (OSB) in Status Byte (status.condition/STB) Measuring (MEAS) Similar register exists for Measuring...
Page 534 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure D-4 Status model (questionable event registers) Questionable Status Questionable Status Register Calibration Summary (questionable/QSR) Register SMU A (SMUA) To Questionable SMU B (SMUB) Summary Bit (QSB) in Status Byte (STB) Calibration (CAL) Similar register exists for Over Over Temperature (OTEMP)
Page 535 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model Figure D-5 Status model (measurement event registers) Measurement Event Measurement Event Current Limit Summary Register (measurement) Voltage Limit (VLMT) SMU A (SMUA) Current Limit (ILMT) To Measurement Summary SMU B (SMUB) Bit (MSB) in Status Byte (status.condition/STB) Reading Overflow (ROF) Buffer Available (BAV)
Page 536 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status function summary The following functions control and read the various registers. (Table D-1). Common status commands are listed in Appendix C. Additional information is included later in the section in command listings for the various register sets. Table D-1 Status functions and registers Type...
Page 537 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model Table D-1 (cont.) Status functions and registers Type Function System events status.system.enable status.system2.enable status.system3.enable status.system4.enable status.system5.enable Clearing registers and queues When the SourceMeter is turned on, various register status elements will be set as follows: •...
Page 538 D-10 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Programming and reading registers Programming enable and transition registers The only registers that can be programmed by the user are the enable and transition registers. All other registers in the status structure are read-only registers.
Page 539 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-11 To convert from decimal to binary, use the information shown in Figure D-6. For example, to set bits B0, B4, B7, and B10, a decimal value of 1169 would be used for the mask parameter (1169 = 1 + 16 + 128 + 1024).
Page 540 D-12 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Figure D-7 Status byte and service request (SRQ) 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix D topics...
Page 541 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-13 The bits of the Status Byte Register are described as follows: • Bit B0, Measurement Summary Bit (MSB) — Set summary bit indicates that an enabled measurement event has occurred. • Bit B1, System Summary Bit (SSB) —...
Page 542 D-14 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Serial polling and SRQ Any enabled event summary bit that goes from 0 to 1 will set bit B6 and generate an SRQ (service request). In your test program, you can periodically read the Status Byte to check if an SRQ has occurred and what caused it.
Page 543 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-15 Table D-3 Status Byte and Service Request Enable Register commands Command Description *STB? Read Status Byte Register. print(status.condition) *SRE <mask> Program the Service Request Enable Register: status.request_enable = <mask> <mask> = 0 to 255 *SRE? Read the Service Request Enable Register.
Page 544 D-16 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table D-4 System node and SRQ enable register bit attributes Attribute Description To set system node enable register bits: status.node_enable = status.MEASUREMENT_SUMMARY_BIT Enable MSB. status.node_enable = status.MSB Enable MSB. status.node_enable = status.ERROR_AVAILABLE Enable EAV bit.
Page 545 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-17 Status register sets As shown in Figure D-1 through Figure D-5, there are five status register sets in the status structure of the SourceMeter; System Summary Event Status, Standard Event Status, Operation Event Status, Measurement Event Status, and Question- able Event Status.
Page 546 D-18 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Standard Event Register The bits used in the Standard Event Register (shown in Figure D-8) are described as follows: • Bit B0, Operation Complete (OPC) — Set bit indicates that all pending selected device operations are completed and the SourceMeter is ready to accept new commands.
Page 547 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-19 Figure D-8 Standard event register Table D-5 Standard event commands Command Description *ESR? Read Standard Event Status Register. print(status.standard.event) *ESE <mask> Program the Event Status Enable Register: status.standard.enable = <mask> <mask> = 0 to 255 See Table D-6.
Page 548 D-20 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table D-6 Status event status registers and bits Command To set register bits: status.standard.enable = status.standard.OPERATION_COMPLETE status.standard.enable = status.standard.OPC status.standard.enable = status.standard.QUERY_ERROR status.standard.enable = status.standard.QYE status.standard.enable = status.standard.DEVICE_DEPENDENT_ERROR status.standard.enable = status.standard.DDE status.standard.enable = status.standard.EXECUTION_ERROR status.standard.enable = status.standard.EXE status.standard.enable = status.standard.COMMAND_ERROR...
Page 549 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-21 • Bit B0, Calibrating (CAL) — Set bit indicates that one or more channels are calibrating. • Bit B4, Measuring (MEAS) — Bit will be set when taking an overlapped measurement, but it will not set when taking a normal synchronous measurement.
Page 550 D-22 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual this register include B1 (SMUA) and B2 (SMUB). A set bit indicates that an operation event has occurred for SMU A and/or SMU B. Operation Status User Register This register set is controlled exclusively by the user. This register set feeds to bit B12 (USER) of the Operation Status Summary Register.
Page 551 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-23 Table D-7 (cont.) Operation event commands Command To set register bits: status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.CALIBRATING status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.CAL status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.MEASURING status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.MEAS status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.PROMPTS status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.PRMPTS status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.USER status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.PROGRAM_RUNNING status.operation.instrument.smuX.* = status.operation.PROG To read registers:...
Page 552 D-24 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table D-7 (cont.) Operation event commands Command To set register bits: status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT0 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT1 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT2 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT3 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT4 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT5 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT6 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT7 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT8 status.operation.user.** = status.operation.user.BIT9...
Page 553 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-25 Questionable Event Registers As shown in Figure D-4, there are six register sets associated with Questionable Event Status. Commands are summarized in Table D-8. Keep in mind that bits can also be set by using numeric parameter values. For details, see “Program- ming enable and transition registers”...
Page 554 D-26 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual B8 (CAL) and B12 (OTEMP). A set bit indicates that the corresponding questionable event for SMU A has occurred. Questionable Status SMU B Summary Register This SMU summary register set feeds to bit B2 (SMUB) of the Questionable Status Instrument Summary Register.
Page 555 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-27 Table D-8 (cont.) Questionable event commands Command To set register bits: status.questionable.instrument.* = status.questionable.instrument.SMUA status.questionable.instrument.* = status.questionable.instrument.SMUB To read registers: print(status.questionable.instrument.*) print(status.questionable.instrument.condition) print(status.questionable.instrument.event) To set register bits: status.questionable.calibration.* = status.questionable.calibration.SMUA status.questionable.calibration.* = status.questionable.calibration.SMUB To read registers: print(status.questionable.calibration.*) print(status.questionable.calibration.condition)
Page 556 D-28 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Measurement Event Registers As shown in Figure D-5, there are seven register sets associated with Measure- ment Event Status. Commands are summarized in Table D-9. Keep in mind that bits can also be set by using numeric parameter values. For details, see “Pro- gramming enable and transition registers”...
Page 557 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-29 Measurement Event Reading Overflow Summary This summary register set feeds to ROF bit B7 of the Measurement Event Register. Used summary bits for this register include B1 (SMUA) and B2 (SMUB). A set bit indicates that a reading overflow has occurred for a SMU (A or B).
Page 558 D-30 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table D-9 Measurement event commands Command To set register bits: status.measurement.* = status.measurement.VOLTAGE_LIMIT status.measurement.* = status.measurement.VLMT status.measurement.* = status.measurement.CURRENT_LIMIT status.measurement.* = status.measurement.ILMT status.measurement.* = status.measurement.READING_OVERFLOW status.measurement.* = status.measurement.ROF status.measurement.* = status.measurement.BUFFER_AVAILABLE status.measurement.* = status.measurement.BAV status.measurement.* = status.measurement.OUTPUT_ENABLE status.measurement.* = status.measurement.OE...
Page 559 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-31 Table D-9 (cont.) Measurement event commands Command To set register bits: status.measurement.voltage_limit.* = status.measurement.voltage_limit.SMUA status.measurement.voltage_limit.* = status.measurement.voltage_limit.SMUB To read registers: print(status.measurement.voltage_limit.*) print(status.measurement.voltage_limit.condition) print(status.measurement.voltage_limit.event) To set register bits: status.measurement.current_limit.* = status.measurement.current_limit.SMUA status.measurement.current_limit.* = status.measurement.current_limit.SMUB To read registers: print(status.measurement.current_limit.*) print(status.measurement.current_limit.condition)
Page 560 D-32 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Register programming example The command sequence below programs the instrument to generate an SRQ and set the system summary bit in all TSP-Link nodes when the current limit on Channel A is exceeded. --Clear all registers.
Page 561 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-33 Queue when it is read. The Error Queue is considered cleared when it is empty. An empty Error Queue clears the EAV bit in the Status Byte Register. The commands to control the Error Queue are listed in Table D-10.
Page 562 D-34 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual When a current limit (compliance) condition occurs in SMU A or SMU B of Node 15, the following sequence of events will occur: • Node 15 – Bit B1 or B2 of the Measurement Event Current Limit Summary register sets when the current limit (compliance) event occurs.
Page 563 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Status Model D-35 The affected status register for the above command is indicated by label E in Fig- D-9. Figure D-9 TSP-Link status model configuration example TSP-Link system (status model) Node 15 (Series 2600) status registers Shared system summary registers (available to all TSP-Link nodes) Master Node (Series 2600) status byte and service request (SRQ) Return to...
Page 564 D-36 Status Model Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix D topics...
Page 565 Appendix E Speed Specification Test Conditions Appendix E topics Introduction, page E-2 Function/ Range Change Rates, page E-8 Source Range Change Rate, page E-8 Test system used, page E-2 Measure Range Change Rate, page E-8 Function Change Rate, page E-8 Overview, page E-2 Sweep Operation...
Page 566 Speed Specification Test Conditions Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction The purpose of this appendix is to provide a general procedure for obtaining speed results similar to those listed in the Series 2600 Specifications in Appendix A. Tests were performed using Visual Basic and VISA calls. Test system used PC Hardware: Pentium IV 2.4 GHz, 512MB RAM, National Instruments...
Page 567 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Speed Specification Test Conditions Unit is placed in sync with the test program to guarantee that the timing results will not include execution time from previous commands. A simple way to sync the unit is to issue a print command. Private Sub Sync_Unit() ReceiveBuffer = ""...
Page 568 Speed Specification Test Conditions Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual NOTE All range change rates are specified as typical. This means that the specification applies to single range steps between adjacent ranges (e.g. 10mA to 100mA). The current (amps) range change specifications exclude ranges <...
Page 569 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Speed Specification Test Conditions Measurements are taken, data is saved to a buffer, and an array is created in Lua to store the samples. If the test is a “to GPIB” test, data is returned using the printnumber() function.
Page 570 Speed Specification Test Conditions Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Result = NumPoints/ (tstop – start) ‘ NumPoints is the number of samples taken Measure to GPIB This test is similar to Measure to Memory. Instead of storing data to a buffer, data is returned to the test program one at a time.
Page 571 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Speed Specification Test Conditions Single Measurement Rates Each test in this section uses a setup script that perrforms the following: Set the source range to 1V, turning autorange off. Measure range is set to 1V, turning autorange off. Measurement filter is off.
Page 572 Speed Specification Test Conditions Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Source Measure Pass/Fail to GPIB The setup for this test is similar to Source Measure to GPIB and adds some addition logic. Each measurement is compared to a value and a flag is set to 1 or 0 depending on whether the measurement is above the threshold or not.
Page 573 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Speed Specification Test Conditions Command Processing This test has the following setup: Set the source range to 1V, turning autorange off. Set the source function to volts. Turn output ON. A series of smua.source.levelv() commands are sent out to alternate the smu voltage level between 1V and 0V.
Page 574 E-10 Speed Specification Test Conditions Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual This page left blank intentionally. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix E topics...
Page 575 Appendix F Display Character Codes Appendix F topics Introduction, page F-2...
Page 576 Display Character Codes Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Introduction This appendix provides a list of display character codes: • Decimal 0-143: Table F-1 • Decimal 144-255: Table F-2 Display dot patterns start after Table F-2. 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix F topics...
Page 577 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Character Codes Table F-1 Display character codes (decimal 0-143) DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY reserved ` (open quote) reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved < reserved reserved > reserved leftflagbar rightflagbar fullflagbar...
Page 578 Display Character Codes Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table F-1 (cont.) Display character codes (decimal 0-143) DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY selftest1 selftest2 ¦ space space dot1 " dot2 dot12 dot3 dot13 & dot23 ' (apostrophe) dot123 dot4 dot14 dot24 dot124 , (comma) dot34 dot134...
Page 579 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Character Codes Table F-2 (cont.) Display character codes (decimal 144-255) DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY selftest3 ÿ selftest4 lightning selftest5 selftest6 box3 selftest7 box4 selftest8 box5 selftest9 box6 selftest10 box7 selftest11 box8 selftest12 box9 selftest13 tombstone selftest14 box1...
Page 580 Display Character Codes Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Table F-2 (cont.) Display character codes (decimal 144-255) DISPLAY DISPLAY DISPLAY î ï í ì ô ö ó ò Ö û ü ú ù Ü ñ Ñ The dot pattern for these characters found on following pages. 2600S-901-01 Rev.
Page 581 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Character Codes selftest7 selftest9 dot34 selftest8 selftest6 dot134 selftest4 selftest3 dot234 selftest5 dot124 dot13 Return to Appendix F topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 582 Display Character Codes Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual dot23 dot123 dot4 dot14 dot24 selftest2 left flag bar right bar full flag bar right flag bar dot1234 dot3 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix F topics...
Page 583 Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual Display Character Codes dot12 dot1 selftest1 left bar fullbar dot2 selftest11 selftest12 selftest13 selftest14 selftest10 box1 Return to Appendix F topics 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006...
Page 584 F-10 Display Character Codes Series 2600 System SourceMeters Reference Manual one-half lightning bolt Keithley Instruments box3 box4 box2 box5 box6 box7 box8 box9 tombstone 2600S-901-01 Rev. A / May 2006 Return to Appendix F topics...
Page 585: Figure 8-14 Contact Check Circuit Configuration
Index Contact check 8-27 Measure only (V or I) 8-26 Source I 8-24 Source V 8-25 Command programming 12-2 Accessories Attributes 12-3 12-9 Adapters Conventions 12-2 Attributes 12-3 12-9 Functions 12-3 12-9 Auto ohms measurements 4-18 Logical instruments 12-5 Auto range Reading buffers 12-6 Auto zero...
Page 586 Contact information Messages 14-4 Continuous power operating boundaries 8-10 Resolution 14-4 Cooling vents 1-12 Running a test 14-14 Current accuracy 15-10 Text messages 14-6 Output 15-10 15-12 Triggering 14-15 Current measurement accuracy 15-14 15-15 User screen 14-3 Current measurement accuracy limits 15-16 DISPLAY PATTERNS test 17-4...
Page 587 Front panel Special GPIB operation 11-9 KEYS test 17-3 Tests 17-3 Front panel calibration 16-5 Front panel operation Line frequency 1-13 Source-measure procedure 4-13 Line fuse replacement 17-2 Front panel summaries Line power 15-3 Functions 2-55 12-3 Line power connection 1-13 Fuse LLO (local lockout)
Page 588: Table 15-1 Recommended Verification Equipment
Output current accuracy limits 15-13 15-14 Considerations Output enable 10-9 Limitations Control 10-10 Low limits control 10-9 Manual Operation 10-9 10-11 Programming Output voltage accuracy 15-8 Programming example Output voltage accuracy limits 15-9 Reading buffers 12-6 Output-off states 3-18 Readings Overheating protection Maximum Recalling...
Page 589 Data bits 11-12 Source V measure V 8-24 Flow control 11-12 Source-measure capabilities Operation 11-10 Source-measure procedure Parity 11-12 Front panel operation 4-13 Sending and receiving data 11-11 Programming example 4-16 Run-time environment Remote operation 4-14 Memory considerations 2-52 SPE, SPD (serial polling) 11-8 Speed Command...
Page 590 Test Script Builder 2-13 Instrument Console 2-29 Warm-up Opening communications 2-16 Warm-up period 15-3 Starting 2-15 Warranty information Test Script Builder software 2-11 Test Script Processor Tests Front panel 17-3 Timestamp Triggering Front panel 4-11 Measurement 4-10 Remote 4-12 Types of TSP-Link Abort Accessing nodes...
Page 591 Service Form Model No. ______________ Serial No. __________________Date ________________ Name and Telephone No. _________________________________________________ Company ______________________________________________________________ List all control settings, describe problem and check boxes that apply to problem. _________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ❑ Intermittent ❑ Analog output follows display ❑ Particular range or function bad; specify _______________________________ ❑...
Page 594 M E A S U R E C O N F I D E N C E Keithley Instruments, Inc. Corporate Headquarters • 28775 Aurora Road • Cleveland, Ohio 44139 • 440-248-0400 • Fax: 440-248-6168 • 1-888-KEITHLEY (534-8453) • www.keithley.com 12/04...

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