Ford Ranger Maintaince And Repair Manual page 444

HOW TO USE THIS BOOK
Check the muffler for rotted spot welds and seams
Your vehicle must be raised and supported safely at four points to inspect the exhaust system properly. Start
the inspection at the exhaust manifold where the header pipe is attached and work your way to the back of the
vehicle. On dual exhaust systems, remember to inspect both sides of the vehicle. Check the complete exhaust
system for open seams, holes, loose connections, or other deterioration which could permit exhaust fumes to
seep into the passenger compartment. Inspect all mounting brackets and hangers for deterioration, some may
have rubber O−rings that can become overstretched and non−supportive (and should be replaced if worn).
Many technicians use a pointed tool to poke up into the exhaust system at rust spots to see whether or not they
crumble. Most models have heat shield(s) covering certain parts of the exhaust system, it is often necessary to
remove these shields to visually inspect those components.
438 EXHAUST SYSTEM