Horiba Scientific FluoroMax-4 Operation Manual page 162

® ®
FluoroMax -4 & FluoroMax -4P with USB rev. D (30 Jul 2012)
ented polarizers (H) are said to be at 90°. Polarization and anisotropy are expressed as
follows:
I
VV
P
I
VV
I
VV
r
I
VV
In a real optical system, the G, or grating factor, must be included to correct for the
wavelength response to polarization of the emission optics and detectors. The G factor
is defined as:
λ
G G
EM
The G factor is primarily a
function of the wavelength of
the emission monochromator. The spectral bandpass of the emission also affects G.
Thus, a pre-calculated G factor can be applied to experiments in which instrumental
factors (emission wavelength and emission bandpass) are kept constant throughout the
entire experiment. In experiments where constant emission wavelength and bandpass is
impractical, such as in emission anisotropy spectra, the G factor must be measured by
recording I
HH
Polarization in a spectrofluorometer is defined as:
I
VV
P
I
VV
Anisotropy in a spectrofluorometer is defined as:
I
VV
r
I
VV
Polarization and anisotropy can be interconverted using these two equations:
3 r
P
2 r
2 P
r
3
I
VH
(1)
I
VH
I
VH
(2)
2 I
VH
I
HV
(3)
I
HH
and I during the experiment at each emission wavelength.
HV
I I
VV HH
1
G I I I
VH VH HV
I I
G I
VV HH
VH
1
I I
VH HV
I I
VV HH
G I I I
VH VH HV
I I
2 G I
VV HH
VH
I I
VH HV
(6)
(7)
P
Note:
In some literature, the G factor is
defined as the inverse of Equation 3.
Therefore, some equations derived in
this manual may differ from other
sources.
(4)
1
(5)
2
10-2
Automated Polarizers