Configuring Arp - Ubiquiti EdgeSwitch ES-24-250W Administration Manual

EdgeSwitch Administration Guide
™

Configuring ARP

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) associates a Layer-2 MAC address with a Layer-3 IPv4 address. The
EdgeSwitch software features both dynamic and manual ARP configuration. With manual ARP configuration,
you can statically add entries into the ARP table.
ARP is a necessary part of the internet protocol (IP) and is used to translate an IP address to a media (MAC)
address, defined by a local area network (LAN) such as Ethernet. A station needing to send an IP packet must
learn the MAC address of the IP destination, or of the next hop router, if the destination is not on the same
subnet. This is achieved by broadcasting an ARP request packet, to which the intended recipient responds
by unicasting an ARP reply containing its MAC address. Once learned, the MAC address is used in the
destination address field of the Layer-2 header prepended to the IP packet.
The ARP cache is a table maintained locally in each station on a network. ARP cache entries are learned by
examining the source information in the ARP packet payload fields, regardless of whether it is an ARP request
or response. Thus, when an ARP request is broadcast to all stations on a LAN segment or virtual LAN (VLAN),
every recipient has the opportunity to store the sender's IP and MAC address in their respective ARP cache.
The ARP response, being unicast, is normally seen only by the requestor, who stores the sender information
in its ARP cache. Newer information always replaces existing content in the ARP cache.
The number of supported ARP entries is platform-dependent.
Devices can be moved in a network, which means the IP address that was at one time associated with
a certain MAC address is now found using a different MAC, or may have disappeared from the network
altogether (i.e., it has been reconfigured, disconnected, or powered off ). This leads to stale information in
the ARP cache unless entries are updated in reaction to new information seen on the network, periodically
refreshed to determine if an address still exists, or removed from the cache if the entry has not been
identified as a sender of an ARP packet during the course of an ageout interval, usually specified via
configuration.
The Routing > ARP Table submenu contains links to the following UI pages that configure and display ARP-
related details:
• "ARP Table" on page 189
• "ARP Table Configuration" on page 190
Ubiquiti Networks, Inc.
Configuring Routing
188