Internal Peripherals - Intel 8XC196MC User Manual

8XC196MC, MD, MH USER'S MANUAL
XTAL1
PH1
PH2
CLKOUT
The combined period of phase 1 and phase 2 of the internal CLKOUT signal defines the basic
time unit known as a state time or state. Table 2-2 lists state time durations at various frequencies.
(Frequency Input to the
Divide-by-two Circuit)
The following formulas calculate the frequency of PH1 and PH2, the duration of a state time, and
the duration of a clock period (T
F
XT AL1
------------------ -
PH1 (in MHz)
=
2
Because the microcontroller can operate at many frequencies, this manual defines time require-
ments (such as instruction execution times) in terms of state times rather than specific measure-
ments. Datasheets list AC characteristics in terms of clock periods (T
2.5

INTERNAL PERIPHERALS

The internal peripheral modules provide special functions for a variety of applications. This sec-
tion provides a brief description of the peripherals; subsequent chapters describe them in detail.
2-8
T T
XTAL1 XTAL1
1 State Time
Phase 1 Phase 2
Figure 2-4. Internal Clock Phases
Table 2-2. State Times at Various Frequencies
F
1
XTAL
8 MHz
12 MHz
16 MHz
).
1
XTAL
PH2 State Time (in µs)
=
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1 State Time
Phase 1 Phase 2
State Time
250 ns
167 ns
125 ns
2
------------------ -
T
=
XTAL1
F
XTAL1
or T
1
XTAL
A0114-04
1
------------------ -
=
F
XTAL1
).
OSC