Hirschmann RS20 Reference Manual page 216

Glossary
autonomous system—or ISP—in
order to simplify and improve IP-
packet exchange. MPLS gives
network operators a great deal of
flexibility to divert and route traffic
around link failures, congestion, and
bottlenecks. From a QoS standpoint,
ISPs will better be able to manage
different kinds of data streams
based on priority and service plan.
For instance, those who subscribe to
a premium service plan, or those
who receive a lot of streaming media
or high-bandwidth content can see
minimal latency and packet loss.
When packets enter into a MPLS-
based network, Label Edge Routers
(LERs) give them a label (identifier).
These labels not only contain
information based on the routing
table entry (i.e., destination,
bandwidth, delay, and other
metrics), but also refer to the IP
header field (source IP address),
Layer 4 socket number information,
and differentiated service. Once this
classification is complete and
mapped, different packets are
assigned to corresponding Labeled
Switch Paths (LSPs), where Label
Switch Routers (LSRs) place
outgoing labels on the packets. With
these LSPs, network operators can
divert and route traffic based on
data-stream type and Internet-
access customer.
MT-RJ connector. A type of fiber-
optic cable jack that is similar in
shape and concept to a standard
telephone jack, enabling duplex
CLI L2B
Release 4.0 11/07
fiber-optic cables to be plugged into
compatible devices as easily as
plugging in a telephone cable.
MUX. See "Multiplexing" on
page 215.
N
NAT. See "Network Address
Translation" on page 216.
Network Address Translation.
Sometimes referred to as
Transparent Proxying, IP Address
Overloading, or IP Masquerading.
Involves use of a device called a
Network Address Translator, which
assigns a contrived, or logical, IP
address and port number to each
node on an organization's internal
network and passes packets using
these assigned addresses.
NM. Network Module.
nm. Nanometer (1 x 10e
non-stub area. Resource-intensive
OSPF area that carries a default
route, static routes, intra-area
routes, interarea routes, and
external routes. Non-stub areas are
the only OSPF areas that can have
virtual links configured across them,
and are the only areas that can
contain an ASBR. Compare with
stub area. See also ASAM and
OSPF. (Cisco Systems Inc.)
NP. Network Processor.
9
) meters.
216