Tagging And Untagging; Ingress Filtering; Default Vlans - D-Link DES-3528 - xStack Switch - Stackable Reference Manual

xStack® DES-3528/DES-3552 Series Layer 2 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Web UI Reference Guide
connected to a tag-unaware device, the packet should be untagged. If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-aware
device, the packet should be tagged.

Tagging and Untagging

Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging.
Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the header of all packets
that flow into and out of it.
If a packet has previously been tagged, the port will not alter the packet, thus keeping the VLAN information intact.
Other 802.1Q compliant devices on the network to make packet-forwarding decisions can then use the VLAN
information in the tag.
Ports with untagging enabled will strip the 802.1Q tag from all packets that flow into and out of those ports. If the
packet doesn't have an 802.1Q VLAN tag, the port will not alter the packet. Thus, all packets received by and
forwarded by an untagging port will have no 802.1Q VLAN information. (Remember that the PVID is only used
internally within the Switch). Untagging is used to send packets from an 802.1Q-compliant network device to a non-
compliant network device.

Ingress Filtering

A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made is referred to as an
ingress port. If ingress filtering is enabled for a port, the Switch will examine the VLAN information in the packet header
(if present) and decide whether or not to forward the packet.
If the packet is tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will first determine if the ingress port itself is a member
of the tagged VLAN. If it is not, the packet will be dropped. If the ingress port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the
Switch then determines if the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN. If it is not, the packet is dropped. If the
destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it to its
attached network segment.
If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will tag the packet with its own PVID as a VID. The
Switch then determines if the destination port is a member of the same VLAN (has the same VID) as the ingress port. If
it does not, the packet is dropped. If it has the same VID, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it
on its attached network segment.
This process is referred to as ingress filtering and is used to conserve bandwidth within the Switch by dropping packets
that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the point of reception. This eliminates the subsequent processing
of packets that will just be dropped by the destination port.

Default VLANs

The Switch initially configures one VLAN, VID = 1, called "default." The factory default setting assigns all ports on the
Switch to the "default." As new VLANs are configured in Port-based mode, their respective member ports are not
removed from the "default."
Packets cannot cross VLANs. If a member of one VLAN wants to connect to another VLAN, the link must be through
an external router.
NOTE: If no VLANs are configured on the Switch, then all packets will be forwarded to any destination
port. Packets with unknown source addresses will be flooded to all ports. Broadcast and multicast
packets will also be flooded to all ports.
An example is presented below:
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