Solvent Miscibility Effects - Waters ACQUITY UPLC M-Class System Manual

Table D–1: Properties of common solvents (continued)
Solvent
Methanol
Methyl t-butyl ether
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone 16 at 20 °C
N-Methylpyrrolidone
Pentane
n-Propyl alcohol
Propylene carbonate
Pyridine
Toluene
1,2,4-
Trichlorobenzene
Triethylamine
Trifluoroacetic acid
Water
o-xylene
D.5 Solvent miscibility effects
Before you change solvents, refer to the following table to determine solvent miscibility. Be aware
of these effects:
• Changes involving two miscible solvents are made directly. Changes involving two solvents
that are not totally miscible (for example, from chloroform to water) require an intermediate
solvent like n-propanol.
• When you switch from a strong buffer to an organic solvent, thoroughly flush the system using
water before you add the organic solvent (see
• Temperature affects solvent miscibility. If you are running a high-temperature application,
consider the effect of the higher temperature on solvent solubility.
• Buffers dissolved in water can precipitate when mixed with organic solvents.
Vapor pressure mm
Hg (Torr)
97 at 20 °C
240 at 20 °C
74 at 20 °C
0.33 at 25 °C
420 at 20 °C
15 at 20 °C
0.13 at 20 °C
18 at 25 °C
28.5 at 20 °C
1 at 20 °C
57 at 25 °C
97.5 at 20 °C
17.54 at 20 °C
6 at 20 °C
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Boiling point (°C)
64.7
55.2
79.64
117.4
202.0
36.07
97.2
241.7
115.25
110.62
213.5
89.5
71.8
100.0
144.41
Pure water is required).
Flash point (°C)
11
-28
-9
18
86
-49
23
135
20
4
106
-9
-3
17