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PART 7-1 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION (Borg-Warner)
7-ll
EJ
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
When diagnosing
transmission
problems, first
refer to the diagnosis
guide
for
detailed
information
on the
items that
could
be
causing the
problem. The following
preliminary
checks
should
be made in
the
order
given:
1. Check the fluid
level.
Check
the
fluid for a burnt clutch
plate odor.
2. Check the engine
idle speed.
3. Check the manual linkage ad-
justment.
4. Check the accelerator pedal
height and downshift linkage.
5. Check the throttle linkage to
assure wide open throttle operation.
6. Check the engine for proper
operation.
TRANSMISSION FLUID
LEVEL CHECK
1. Make
sure
that the
vehicle is
standing level. Then
firmly
apply
the
parking brake.
2. Run the
engine at
normal
idle
speed. If the transmission fluid is
cold, run the engine
at fast idle
speed
(about 1200 rpm) until the fluid
reaches its normal operating tem-
perature. When the fluid
is
warm,
slow the engine down to normal idle
speed.
3. Shift the selector
lever
through
all positions, and place the lever at
P. Do not turn off the engine during
the fluid level checks.
4. Clean all dirt from
the trans-
mission fluid dipstick .cap before
removing the dipstick from the filler
tube.
5. Pull the dipstick out of the
tube, wipe it clean, and push
it
all
the way back into the tube.
6. Pull the dipstick out of the tube
again, and check the fluid level. If
necessary, add enough fluid to the
transmission through the filler tube
to raise the fluid level to the F
(full)
mark on the dipstick.
DO NOT OVERFILL THE
TRANSMISSION.
Should it be necessary
to
check the
fluid level when the transmission is
cold, carry out the above procedure,
when the level
should
be on "Add"
mark, otherwise
it
will be too high at
normal operating temperature when
the fluid has expanded. Re-check the
level when the gearbox
is
at normal
running temperature.
A fluid level that is too high will
cause the fluid to become aerated.
Aerated fluid will cause low control
pressure, and the aerated fluid may
be
forced
out the
vent.
Low fluid level
can
effect the opera-
tion of the transmission and may
indicate fluid leaks that could cause
transmission
damage.
Incorrect transmission fluid level
can
also
have the following effects,
although they may be attributable to
other malfunctions:-
(a)
No drive
in
"D",
"1", "2"
or
"R".
(b)
Slip and squawk or judder on
full throttle starts in "D",
"1",
"2" or "R".
(c)
Overheating due to high fluid
level during sustained high
speeds.
TRANSMISSION FLUID
LEAKAGE CHECKS
Check the speedometer cable con-
nection at the transmission. Leakage
at the oil pan gasket often can be
stopped
by tightening the attaching
bolts to the proper torque. If neces-
sary,
replace the gasket. Check the
fluid filler tube
connection
at the
transmission. If the filler tube 0-ring
seal is leaking, replace the seal.
The transmission fluid is water
cooled; check the fluid lines and fit-
tings between the transmission and
the cooler in the radiator tank for
looseness, wear, or damage. If leak-
age cannot be
stopped
by tightening
a fitting, replace the defective parts.
Check the engine coolant in the
radiator.
If transmission fluid is pre-
sent
in the coolant, the cooler
in
the
radiator
tank is probably leaking.
The cooler can be further checked
for leaks by disconnecting the lines at
the cooler fittings and apply 5 psi air
pressure to the fittings. The radiator
cap must be removed when making
this check to
relieve
the pressure on
the exterior side of the cooler. If the
cooler is leaking and will not hold
this pressure, the radiator must be
replaced. The cooler cannot be
replaced separately.
If leakage is found at the manual
lever
shaft,
replace seals that are
leaking.
The pressure port plug on the left
rear of the case must also be in-
spected.
Fluid leakage from the con-
verter housing may be caused by
engine oil leaking past the rear
main bearing
or from oil gallery
plugs. Be
sure to determine the
exact cause of the
leak.
f'LUID LEAKAGE
CONVERTER
AREA
In
diagnosing and correcting fluid
leaks in the front pump and con-
verter
area,
use
the following pro-
cedures
to facilitate locating the
exact
cause of
the
leakage.
Leakage
at the front of the transmission
,
as
evidenced by fluid around the
con-
verter
housing,
may have several
sources. By
careful
observation,
it
is
possible,
in many instances, to
pinpoint
the source of the leak be-
fore
removing
the transmission from
the car. The paths
which the fluid
takes to reach the bottom of the
converter
housing are shown in Fig.
1.
1.
Fluid leaking by the front
pump
seal lip will tend to move
along the drive hub and onto the
back
of the impeller housing. Ex-
cept in
the case of a total seal fail-
ure, fluid leakage
by the lip of the
seal
will
be deposited on the inside
of the c0nverter
housing
only,
near
the outside diameter
of the
housing.
2. Fluid
leakage by the outside
diameter
of the seal and front pump
body will
follow the same path as
leaks by the
front pump seal or may
run down
the face of the front pump.
3.
Fluid
that leaks by
front
pump to
case
bolts
will be deposited
on the
inside of the converter hous-
ing
only.
Fluid will not be deposited
on the back
of the
converter.
4. Leakage
by the front pump to
case and
0-ring seal may cause
fluid to be
deposited on the inside
lower part
of
the converter housing
as shown
in Fig.
l.
Engine oil leaks are sometimes
improperly
diagnosed
as front pump
seal leaks. The following areas of
possible leakage
should
also be
checked
to determine
if engine oil
leakage
is causing the
problem:
(a)
Leakage at the rocker arm
cover
(valley cover) may allow oil
to flow over
the converter housing
or seep down
between the con-
verter housing and
cylinder block
causing oil
to be present in or at
the bottom
of the converter housing
.
(b) Oil gallery
plug leaks will
al-
low oil to
flow down the rear face
of the block
to the bottom of the
converter
housing.
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