P54A/B/C/E
T
Z
phase
(
=
C
T
is the propagation time delay of traveling waves from one terminal to another;
p
−
T
phase
e
(
=
p
K
is the gain factor made by propagation attenuation;
p
yl
−
K
abs
(
e
=
p
P54xMED-TM-EN-1
f
) / (
2
)
π
C
0
yl
f
) / (
2
)
π
0
)
Chapter 6 - Current Differential Protection
105