Abbreviations And Their Meanings - GMC Chevrolet Camaro 1998 Service Manual

0-20 General Information
Torque Wrench Accuracy
Selecting the proper size and range of a torque
wrench is important in obtaining accurate results. The
best quality torque wrenches (the Snap-on® Direct
Reading Torqometer models or equivalent) are .
accurate within 2 percent of the indicated reading from
20 percent of full scale to full scale. For example, a
200 N-m (148 lb ft) full scale torque wrench is
guaranteed to be accurate from 40 N-m to 200 N·m
(30-148
lb ft)
(20-100
percent of full scale). Using this
wrench below 40 N·m (30 lb ft) (its guaranteed
operating range) could result in inaccurate torque
readings and possible joint failure due to either
an overtorque or undertorque condition.
Torque Wrench Selection
Since it is not possible to purchase one wrench to fit
the widest range of torque specifications in the service
environment, the following guidelines should be
used for torque wrench selection:
• 0-20 N·m Full Scale (177 lb in). Accurate from
4-20 N·m (35-177 lb in).
• 0-75 N·m Full Scale (55 lb ft). Accurate from
15-75 N·m (11-55 lb ft).
• 0-250 N·m Full Scale (185 lb ft). Accurate from
50-250 N·m (37-185 lb ft).
Torque Wrench Calibration
This is a general guideline and is published to
facilitate the selection of a range or torque wrenches
that would cover most applications and would
remain in the guaranteed ?ccuracy ranges of the
wrenches. Once a wrench is put into service, nothing
guarantees that the wrench will remain calibrated
within its accuracy range. It is recommended,
therefore, that torque wrenches be calibrated a
minimum of twice annually. Once again, the torque
wrench is a precision measuring device. The
torque wrench is exposed to rugged working
conditions. Precautions must be taken in order to
protect against inaccurate measurements.
Continuous Pull Method
Once a torque wrench is selected, use a technique
called the CONTINUOUS PULL METHOD in order to
increase accuracy during torquing. Pull the torque
wrench in one continuous, smooth action until
the specified torque is reached. There is no jerking or
ratcheting during this final tightening effort. The
continuous pull method is an excellent way to develop
consistency.
General Information
Abbreviations and Their Meanings
The following abbreviations may appear in this
manual.
Abbreviations Table
Abbreviation Meaning
A
A Ampere(s)
ABS Antilock Brake System
A/C Air Conditioning
AC Alternating Current
ACC Accessory, Automatic Climate Control
AGL Air Cleaner
ACR4
Air Conditioning Refrigerant,
Recovery, Recycling, Recharging
AID
Analog to Digital
ADL Automatic Door Lock
A/F Air/Fuel (Ratio)
AIR Secondary Air Injection
ALC Automatic Level Control
AM/FM
Amplitude ModulatiQn/Frequency
Modulation
Ant Antenna
AP Accelerator Pedal
API American Petroleum Institute
APP Accelerator Pedal Position
APT Adjustable Part Throttle
ARS Automatic Restraint System
ASR Acceleration Slip Regulation
A/T Automatic Transmission!Transaxle
ATC Automatic Temperature Control
ATDC After Top Dead Center
Auto Automatic
avg average
AWD All Wheel Drive
AWG American Wire Gage
B
B+ Battery Positive Voltage
B- Battery Negative Voltage
BARO Barometric (pressure)
batt battery
BBV Brake Booster Vacuum
BCM Body Control Module
BHP Brake Horsepower
BLK Black
BLU Blue
BP Back Pressure
BPM Brake Pressure Modulator
BPMV Brake Pressure Modulator Valve
BPP Brake Pedal Position
BRN Brown
(
(
(