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Terms and definitions
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Terms and definitions
0x1
Set up using unswitched cross connections on UPSR Ring Interfaces.
1+1
The 1+1 protection switching architecture protects against failures of the optical transmit/receive
equipment and their connecting fiber facility. One bidirectional interface (two fibers plus associated
OLIUs on each end) is designated "service," and the other is designated "protection." In each
direction, identical signals are transmitted on the service and protection lines ("dual-fed"). The
receiving equipment monitors the incoming service and protection lines independently, and selects
traffic from one line (the "active" line) based on performance criteria and technician/OS control. In
1+1 both service and protection lines could be active at the same time (service in one direction,
protection in the other).
1xN, 1x1
1xN protection switching pertains to circuit pack protection that provides a redundant signal path
through the Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-60 (it does not cover protection switching of an optical
facility; se "1+1"). In 1xN switching, a group of N service circuit packs share a single spare
protection circuit pack. 1x1 is a special case of 1xN, with N=1. In 1x1 only one is active at a time.
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A
Active
Active identifies a 1+1 protected OC-N line which is currently selected by the receiver at either end
as the payload carrying signal or a 1x1 or 1xN protected circuit pack that is currently carrying
service. (See Standby).
AGNE - Alarm Gateway Network Element
A defined NE in an alarm group through which members of the alarm group exchange information.
AIS - Alarm Indication Signal
A code transmitted downstream in a digital network that shows that an upstream failure has been
detected and alarmed.
AMI - Alternate Mark Inversion
A line code that employs a ternary signal to convey binary digits, in which successive binary ones
are represented by signal elements that are normally of alternating, positive and negative polarity
but equal in amplitude, and in which binary zeros are represented by signal elements that have zero
amplitude.
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
A standard 8-bit code used for exchanging information among data processing systems and
associated equipment.
Auto
One possible state of a service interface port. In this state, the port will automatically be put "in
service" if a good incoming signal is detected on the port.
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GL - 1 6
365-372-603R2.0
Issue 1 January 2009
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