Headroom Notes - NewTek TriCaster Mini User Manual

group Audio Mixer's output section, and regulates sound sent to physical connectors
or to 'logical outputs'.
FIGURE 263
Hint: Shift + double click Volume knobs to restore their default values (0dB).
Settings in all of the control groups in this section (Figure 263) take effect
downstream from all audio sources, further modulating and processing audio sent to
outputs as the Aux and Master mixes, for recording, and for Internet streaming.
Note: Record and Stream are logical outputs with their own control groups in the Audio
Mixer's output section. This allows them to be governed independently of other outputs
that the same mixes may have been assigned to.

15.8.1 HEADROOM NOTES

In digital audio systems, signal levels that exceed maximum values are uniformly
assigned the maximum value, a condition known as "clipping".
Clipping inevitably results in annoying audible issues. Worse, over-modulation that
may not be apparent while listening during live production may nonetheless appear
in recorded files. This is often true even when levels appear to be below the ceiling
level (0dBFS, the maximum allowable digital level).
For this reason, digital audio system designs customarily allow substantial
'headroom' above the benchmark 'alignment level', making over-modulation much
less likely. Often this allowance seems high to those familiar with analog audio
systems; headroom levels between 18 and 24dB are not uncommon in professional
digital audio realms.
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