Page 1 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual...
Page 2 Keysight Declarations of Conformity for this 2.101, pursuant to FAR 12.211 and Technologies, Inc. as governed by product and for other Keysight prod- 27.404.2 and DFARS 227.7102, the United States and international ucts may be downloaded from the U.S.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Starting the E4981A ........
Page 4 Selecting Cable Length ............58 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 5 Medium mode ............79 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 6 Selecting an appropriate measurement range ....... . .118 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 7 Ending Handler interface test ..........152 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 8 Outer dimensions ............197 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 9 Manual Changes ............215 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 10 B.Information for Replacing 4268A, 4288A with E4981A Functional Comparison between 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A ..... . .218 C.Initial Settings Initial Settings, Settings That Can Be Saved/recalled, Settings That Can Be Backed Up . .227 D.Error Messages...
Page 11: Unpacking And Preparation
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Unpacking and Preparation This chapter describes how to set up and start the Keysight E4981A Capacitance Meter. Contents of this Chapter • “Checking the Shipment” on page 12 After you receive the E4981A, check all the items in the packing container.
Page 12: Checking The Shipment
Unpacking and Preparation Checking the Shipment Checking the Shipment After you receive the E4981A, carry out checks during unpacking according to the following procedure. If the external face of the Capacitance meter (such as the cover, front/rear panel, LCD screen, power switch, and port connectors) appears to have been damaged during transport, do not turn on the power switch.
Page 13: Environmental Requirements
Unpacking and Preparation Environmental Requirements Environmental Requirements Set up the E4981A where the following environmental requirements are satisfied. Operating environment Ensure that the operating environment meets the following requirements. Table 1-1 Operating environment requirements Temperature 0 °C to 45 °C Temperature range at 23 °C ±...
Page 14: Protection Against Electrostatic Discharge (Esd)
Protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD) Figure 1-2 shows the setup for a static-safe work station to protect the electronic components from damage by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Figure 1-2 Example of a static-free work station Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 15: Ensuring Adequate Free Space Around The Capacitance Meter For Immediate Disconnection Of The Power Cable In Case Of Emergency
E4981A. When installing the E4981A, ensure that there is sufficient free space around the unit to permit quick disconnection of the plug (from the AC outlet or the E4981A unit) in case of emergency. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 16: How To Remove The Handle
Unpacking and Preparation How to Remove the Handle How to Remove the Handle A handle kit is attached to the E4981A Option 600. When using the E4981A with the rack-mount kit, remove the handle according to the following steps. Figure 1-3...
Page 17: Caution When Using The Handle
How to Remove the Handle Caution when using the handle Follow the instructions below when using the E4981A’s handle, otherwise you may get your fingers caught in the handle or the E4981A may fall and be damaged • When the handle is set up as shown in...
Page 18: Preparations Before Use
Unpacking and Preparation Preparations Before Use Preparations Before Use Verifying the power supply Confirm that the power supplied to the E4981A meets the following requirements: Table 1-2 Power supply requirements Requirements Voltage 90 to 264 Vac Frequency 47 to 63 Hz...
Page 19: Verifying And Connecting The Power Cable
Preparations Before Use Verifying and connecting the power cable The three-wire power cable attached to the E4981A has one wire serving as a ground. Using this power cable allows the E4981A to be grounded, thereby protecting you against electrical shock from the power outlet.
Page 20: Starting The E4981A
Unpacking and Preparation Starting the E4981A Starting the E4981A This section describes how to turn on/off the E4981A power and how to cut off the power supply in an emergency. Turning the power ON and OFF Turning the power ON...
Page 21: Disconnecting From The Supply Source
(device that cuts off the power supply) of the E4981A. When the power supply must be cut off to avoid such danger as electric shock, pull out the power cable’s plug (on the power outlet side or device side of the cable).
Page 22 Unpacking and Preparation Starting the E4981A Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 23: Overview
The E4981A is used for evaluating ceramic capacitance at frequencies 120 Hz, 1 kHz to 1 MHz and test signal levels (0.1 mV to 1 V). The E4981A offers C-D measurement with a basic accuracy of ±0.07% (C), ±0.0005 (D) at all frequencies with seven-digit resolution (the dissipation factor –6...
Page 24: Front Panel: Names And Functions Of Parts
Front Panel: Names and Functions of Parts Front Panel: Names and Functions of Parts This section describes the names and functions of the parts on the E4981A’s front panel. For more details on the functions displayed on the LCD screen, see “Screen Area: Names and Functions of Parts”...
Page 25: Menu Keys
For details, refer to “Initializing the Instrument” on page 8. Trigger key A key used to manually trigger the E4981A when it is set to the manual trigger mode. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 26: Unknown Terminals
(DUT). When using a four-terminal pair test fixture or test leads with a stopper, remove the stopper or the bumper of the E4981A. Do not apply DC voltage or current to the UNKNOWN terminals. Applying DC voltage or current may lead to device failure.
Page 27: 12. Synchronous Clock
Connector Types: Universal Serial Bus (USB) jack, type mini-B (five contact points), Female Compliance Standards: USBTMC-USB488 and USB2.0 The USB port of the E4981A provides (screw holes) to secure the USB cable with a custom make bracket. The figure describes the dimension required for the custom bracket.
Page 28: Lan Port
Rear Panel: Names and Functions of Parts 3. LAN port The port to connect the E4981A to a LAN (Local Area Network). Connecting this instrument to a LAN enables you to control this instrument by using SICL-LAN or telnet, or from an external PC via a Web server.
Page 29: Power Cable Receptacle (To Line)
The plug attached to the power cable (on the power outlet side or device side of the cable) serves as the E4981A’s disconnecting device (device that cuts off the power supply). When the power supply must be cut off to avoid such danger as electric shock, pull out the power cable plug (on the power outlet side or device side of the cable).
Page 30: Screen Area: Names And Functions Of Parts
Overview Screen Area: Names and Functions of Parts Screen Area: Names and Functions of Parts This section describes the names and functions of parts on the E4981A’s LCD screen. Figure 2-3 Screen display 1. Display page area Shows a display page name of the current display page.
Page 31: Softkey Area
When the front panel key is locked, “LOCK” is displayed in this area. When sending SCPI commands from an external controller, “RMT” is displayed and the front panel keys are locked. When E4981A accesses the USB memory, “USB” is displayed in this area.
Page 32: Basic Operation
The unit changes according to the field selected. How to use cursor keys Move the cursor to the desired field using the cursor keys as shown in Figure 2-5. Figure 2-5 Cursor keys and a field operation example Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 33: How To Use Skip Keys
On a display page, three lines are collected together as one. By using a skip key, you can select the desired field quickly as the selected field moves from area to area. Figure 2-6 Skip key and a field operation example Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 34 Overview Basic Operation Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 35: Getting Started
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Getting Started This chapter describes the basic operations of the Keysight E4981A. “Key Operation Basics” on page 35 explains how to use the basic key operations. “Learning Basic Measurement Procedure” on page 38 describes how to take basic measurements of capacitors (capacitance) with the E4981A.
Page 36: A Value Entry Screen Appears
Each procedure is described below. Step 1. Press the [Meas Setup] key. Step 2. Use the cursor keys to select the RANGE field, as shown in Figure 3-1. Figure 3-1 Measurement setup screen Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 37 Press the [2] key, [2] key, and [0] key. Then, press the pF softkey. Entry using only the softkeys: Softkey Description INCR+ Increments the measurement range in the HOLD mode. DECR- Decrements the measurement range in the HOLD mode. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 38: Learning Basic Measurement Procedure
(or the test fixture). It is difficult to connect the DUT (capacitor) directly to the E4981A. Therefore, a test fixture is generally used to connect the DUT to the E4981A. Use the test fixture that is suitable for the shape of the DUT.
Page 39: Setting Up Basic Measurement Conditions
Initializing the Instrument This section describes how to return the settings of the E4981A to their preset values. Step 1.
Page 40 Getting Started Learning Basic Measurement Procedure Setting up measurement parameters Set up the primary parameter and secondary parameter you want to measure. The E4981A allows you to select the parameters from the following combinations. Primary parameter Secondary parameter D, Q, G, Rp D, Q, Rs Each parameter is described below.
Page 41 (Hz, kHz, MHz) for Option 001 and (Hz, kHz) for Option 002. Figure 3-5 Measurement signal frequency selection menu screen In Option 002, 1 MHz frequency is not available. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 42 Decreases the oscillator voltage level with a resolution of 10 mV. DECR-- Decrements the oscillator voltage level in steps of 1 V, 500 mV, 100 mV. Figure 3-6 Measurement signal level setup screen Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 43 Use the following softkeys: Softkey Description Sets the cable length to 0 meter. Sets the cable length to 1 meter. Sets the cable length to 2 meter. Figure 3-7 Cable length selection menu screen Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 44: Executing Measurement To Compensate Errors
During the measurement, the ABORT softkey is shown. Use this key when you want to abort open correction. The data for OPEN correction is stored as data for all the measurement frequencies. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 45 If a measurement failure occurs while measuring the data for correction, the error message “OPEN Measurement incomplete” occurs. If this error occurs, the data for correction before the measurement remains without change. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 46 Use the cursor keys to select the OPEN G-B field. Figure 3-10 OPEN Correction Data Step 4. Use the following softkeys: Softkey Description Displays the measured G-B value on the screen. Cp-G Displays the measured Cp-G value on the screen. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 47 When measurement of the data for SHORT correction is successfully completed, the SHORT correction turns to ON (as shown in Figure 3-11). Figure 3-11 Screen upon completion of measuring data for SHORT correction Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 48 If a measurement failure occurs while measuring the data for correction, an error message appears on the screen. If an error occurs, the data for correction before the measurement remains without change. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 49 For information on measuring data for Load correction, refer to “Obtaining (measuring) data for LOAD correction” on page 102. For checking data for Load correction, refer to “Checking displaying/setting up data for LOAD correction” on page 111. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 50: Connecting The Dut (Capacitor)
Figure 3-13 shows an example when the primary parameter is Cp and the secondary parameter is D. Figure 3-13 Measurement result display screen (when primary parameter is Cp and secondary parameter is D) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 51: Setting Up Measurement Conditions And Display
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display This chapter describes how to initialize the instrument, set up the measurement conditions and display. It also describes how to save/recall the instrument setup state, including the measurement conditions.
Page 52: Setup Procedure
For information on the selection criteria for the equivalent circuit model, refer “Selection criteria of parallel/series equivalent circuit models” on page 247. Setup procedure For details on setup procedure, refer to “Setting up measurement parameters” on page Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 53: Inputting Comment Line
0 through 9, +, -, and period (.). Your entered comment is saved in the internal memory or external USB memory along with the control settings of the E4981A. When you load the control settings, your saved comment is loaded as well.
Page 54: Setting Up Measurement Signals (Frequency And Level)
• 120 Hz: 220 µF, 470 µF, 1 mF range • 1 kHz: 22 µF, 47 µF, 100 µF range For all other range/frequency SLC is not executed even if LVL COMP is ON. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 55 “Signal Level Compensation (SLC) function” on page 193). In E4981A, the AC level monitor is always ON. The status in which capacity further increases and the output current of the signal source approaches the limit (approximately 1 Arms) is judged as overload.
Page 56: Selecting Measurement Range
You need to select a Hold fixed measurement No ranging time is proper range (fixed) range range regardless of required. depending on the (manual selection) the value of the value of the DUT. DUT. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 57 Sets the measurement range mode to AUTO. HOLD Sets the measurement range mode to HOLD. INCR+ Increments the measurement range in the HOLD mode. DECR- Decrements the measurement range in the HOLD mode. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 58: Selecting Measurement Time
Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display Selecting Measurement Time Selecting Measurement Time Measurement time of 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 are available in E4981A. For details on the actual measurement time, refer to “Measurement time” on page 188. Setup procedure Step 1.
Page 59: Setting Up Averaging Count
Setting Up Averaging Count Functional description The averaging feature of the E4981A allows you to obtain moving average values of successive measurement results. You can specify the averaging factor within the range of 1 to 256 in steps of 1.
Page 60: Outputting The Measurement Signal Only During The Measurement To Protect The Contact Pin (Synchronous Source Function)
ON. When the source delay time and trigger delay time are both specified, the source delay time precedes the trigger execution. Figure 4-2 shows the measurement signal output timing. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 61: Setting Up Frequency Shift
Computing e4981aue0043 Setting Up Frequency Shift When two or more E4981A units are integrated into a single system, you can shift the 1 MHz measurement frequency by +1%, –1%, 0%, –2%, or +2% to avoid interference between the measurement signals.
Page 62: Setting Up Display
The fixed point display is always used to display the deviation percentage (refer to “Displaying measurement result in deviation from reference value (deviation measurement mode)” on page 63) as well as to display D and Q. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 63: Displaying Measurement Result In Deviation From Reference Value
Identifies and displays the difference between the actual measurement of the DUT and the stored reference value. This value is calculated based on the following formula: = X-Y Δ actual measurement of the DUT stored reference value Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 64 Turns OFF deviation measurement. Step 6. Using the cursor keys, select the DEV B field. Step 7. Select the deviation mode for the primary parameter using the softkeys described in Step 5 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 65 If the deviation measurement mode and the offset correction are both ON, the offset correction is executed first and then, using the result as the measurement result, the value calculated is displayed. (Refer to Figure 5-1 on page 92.) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 66: Setting Up Contact Check
Setting up Contact Check Setting up Contact Check The E4981A contact check function can be used to check for contact failure between the E4981A connector and the DUT. When contact failure is detected, N.C. will appear on the display and a fixed value (9.9E37) is always read out via GPIB/LAN/USB as the measurement...
Page 67: Setting Up Condition To Make A Beep
BIN1 to is outputted. BIN9. Setup procedure Step 1. Press [Meas Setup]. Step 2. Press the LIMIT TABLE softkey. Step 3. Use the cursor keys to select the BEEP field. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 68: Turning On/Off The Beep Feature
Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display Turning On/Off the Beep Feature Turning On/Off the Beep Feature Functional description The E4981A has a beep feature that generates beeps when one or more of the following conditions occur: • An error message or warning message has appeared.
Page 69: Changing The Beep Tone
Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display Changing the Beep Tone Changing the Beep Tone Functional description The E4981A allows you to change the beep tone to one of five levels. To change the beep tone: Step 1. Press [System]. Step 2.
Page 70: Configuring The Time Zone
15. Decreases the time up to –12 in steps of 1. HOUR DECR–– When the E4981A is returned to the factory default settings, the time zone setting is also initialized. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 71: Configuring The System Date
Decrements the year in steps of 1. MONTH INCR+ Increments the month in steps of 1. MONTH DECR- Decrements the month in steps of 1. DAY INCR+ Increments the day in steps of 1. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 72 Increments the second in steps of 1. SECOND DECR- Decrements the second in steps of 1. When you enter the hour with the entry keys, use a value within the range of 0 (midnight) through 23 (11:00 pm). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 73: Configuring The Gpib Address
Configuring the GPIB Address Functional description Before you can control the E4981A by issuing SCPI commands from an external controller connected via its GPIB connector, you have to configure the GPIB address of your E4981A. For information on the concept and implementation of automatic configuration by use of GPIB, refer to Programming Manual.
Page 74: To Automatically Obtain The Ip Address
Use the cursor keys to select the MANUAL GATEWAY field. Step 11. Enter the gateway using the entry keys. Step 12. Press the ENTER softkey. Step 13. Press the RESTART NETWORK softkey. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 75: Checking The Lan Connection Status
Configuring the LAN IP Address Checking the LAN connection status You can check the CURRENT LAN STATUS monitor area to see the LAN connection status of the E4981A. The status is expressed as one of the following: Table 4-7 LAN connection status...
Page 76: Saving/Recalling Instrument Setup State (Save/Recall Function)
ON, by pressing the [Preset] key. Overview of save/recall functionality Configurations and measurement results can be saved into, and recalled from, the E4981A’s internal memory or external USB memory through the save/recall functionality. Save methods and their uses...
Page 77 1. This folder can be operated from the SYSTEM page. These folders are automatically created in the memory. Figure 4-3 Folder/File structure on USB memory \e4981a \data E498x001.csv E498x002.csv E498x999.csv \image E498x001.gif E498x002.gif E498x999.gif \state 10.sta 11.sta 19.sta e4980auj1148 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 78: Saving/Recalling Instrument Configuration States
• Keysight Technologies shall not be responsible for nor assume any liability for data loss in your USB memory device after using it with the E4981A. Saving/Recalling instrument configuration states Overview of instrument configurations Pressing the [Save/Recall] opens the CATALOG page. You can save/recall instrument configuration states in either of two ways: •...
Page 79: Medium Mode
(in the No. field) change to 0 through 9. Uses USB memory as the destination or source. Once you have selected this mode, the register numbers (in the No. field) change to 10 through Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 80: Choosing A Register Number
SAVE Saves the configurations into the register that corresponds to your specified register number. DELETE Deletes the configurations previously saved in the register that corresponds to your specified register number. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 81: Memory Status Information
The register does contain configurations. The register contains any configuration that was saved under a different firmware version or from another E4981A with a different option(s) equipped. 1. This value is not applicable when the medium mode is INT (internal memory).
Page 82: Saving/Recalling Instrument Configuration States Into/From The Internal Memory
Press the INT softkey. Step 4. Use the cursor keys to select the No. field (0 through 9) for your desired register. Step 5. Press the RECALL softkey to recall configurations from the internal memory. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 83: Saving/Recalling Instrument Configuration States Into/From Usb Memory
Saving/Recalling instrument configuration states into/from USB memory Figure 4-6 shows the fields available on this page along with the softkeys corresponding to them. Figure 4-6 CATALOG page (when saving instrument configurations into USB memory) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 84 “Incompatible state file” warning message is displayed. • The configuration states were saved under a different firmware version. • The configuration states were saved from another E4981A with a different option(s) equipped. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 85: Using The Auto Recall Feature
Saving/Recalling Instrument Setup State (Save/Recall Function) Using the auto recall feature Functional description You can have the E4981A, at start-up, automatically recall the configuration states previously saved in register number 9 on Internal memory. To use the auto recall feature: Step 1.
Page 86: Saving Measurement Results Into Usb Memory
Saving/Recalling Instrument Setup State (Save/Recall Function) Saving measurement results into USB memory You can save measurement results obtained by the E4981A into USB memory as .CSV files. You can later load your saved files into an application program running on a PC.
Page 87 USB memory. Bin no. (IN/OUT) Represents the bin sorting results as well as IN/OUT evaluation results, as shown below: OUT_OF_BINS +1 to +9 BIN 1 through BIN 9 AUX_BIN BIN_NA Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 88 Press the SAVE & STOP softkey to save results into the USB memory. Step 7. When the data has been saved into the USB memory, a “Storing data completed. : E498xXXX.csv” message appears in the system message area. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 89: Saving A Screenshot Into Usb Memory
Saving a screenshot into USB memory You can save a screenshot of the E4981A’s display into USB memory as a .GIF file. You can later load your saved file into an application program running on a To save a screenshot into USB memory Step 1.
Page 90 Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display Saving/Recalling Instrument Setup State (Save/Recall Function) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 91: Preparation For Accurate Measurement (Executing Correction) Overview Of Correction Function
This chapter gives an overview and the operational procedures of the different types of correction function available in the E4981A. Overview of Correction Function The E4981A provides several types of corrections such as OPEN, SHORT, LOAD, OFFSET, and Cable correction. This section explains various types of corrections available in the E4981A.
Page 92 Data processing flow The measurement value displayed for correction or LOAD REF uses the internal data for calculation. The value is set depending upon the state of MULTI CORRECTION, LOAD REF, or CHANNEL. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 93: Cable Correction
Accordingly, the difference of each test cables may not be ignored at high frequencies, such as 1 MHz. When the E4981A is shipped from the factory, it contains typical correction data for both 1 m and 2 m cables.
Page 94: Turning On/Off Correction Functions
ON. However, you must again measure the data for OPEN correction to ensure accurate measurement. When the measurement result becomes overload, “Measurement failed” error is displayed and OPEN correction data is not updated. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 95: Turning On Short Correction
SHORT correction is set to ON. However, you must again measure the data for SHORT correction to ensure accurate measurement. When the measurement result becomes overload, “Measurement failed” error is displayed and SHORT correction data is not updated. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 96: Turning On Load Correction
ON. However, you must again measure the data for the LOAD correction to ensure accurate measurement. When the measurement result becomes overload, “Measurement failed” error is displayed and LOAD correction data is not updated. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 97: Turning On Offset Correction
OFF even if the OFFSET correction is ON. Therefore, you can set up separate ON/OFF states by setting the correction value of either parameter to 0. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 98: Obtaining Correction Data
The result is set up as the data for normal operation when the multi-correction function is OFF and as the data for multi-correction when the function is ON (for the channel that has been selected at execution). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 99 Measurement procedure For more information on the measurement procedure for the data used in the OPEN correction, refer to “Measuring data for OPEN correction” on page Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 100: Obtaining (Measuring) Data For Short Correction
The result is set up as the data for normal operation when the multi-correction function is OFF and as the data for multi-correction when the function is ON (for the channel that has been selected at execution). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 101 Measurement procedure For more information about the measurement procedure for the data used in the SHORT correction, refer to “Measuring data for SHORT correction” on page Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 102: Obtaining (Measuring) Data For Load Correction
Step 4. Connect a device you use as the standard to the direct coupled test fixture and perform the measurement. Use the obtained measured value as the standard for the LOAD correction. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 103 LOAD correction, you must convert it to the Cs-Rs format because the E4981A does not allow you to enter a value directly in the R-X format as the definition value. The conversion expression is given below.
Page 104 1 MHz cable length 1 MHz standard definition value 1 MHz frequency shift 120 Hz standard definition value For all channels 1 kHz standard definiton value 1 MHz standard defition value e4981aue0041 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 105 For other settings, such as averaging and trigger delay, the measurement conditions set up at execution are used for measurement. Auto Range during the measurement of Load Standard can be also be set to ON/OFF by LOAD RNG under the CORRECTION softkey. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 106 Turns ON the auto-ranging function when load correction is executed. Turns OFF the auto-ranging function. When the load range is set at FIX, the selected measurement range is used at the LOAD measurement. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 107: Selecting Single/Multiple Correction Mode
Selecting single/multiple correction mode Functional description E4981A can store up to 256 sets of OPEN/SHORT/LOAD correction data. In addition, it can store one set of the standard’s reference value data at a specified frequency point. In multiple correction mode, you can switch among up to 256 data sets to carry out correction.
Page 108: Setting Up Data For Offset Correction
Structure of data for OFFSET correction For primary parameter For secondary parameter 120 Hz correction data 120 Hz correction data 1 kHz correction data 1 kHz correction data 1 MHz correction data 1 MHz correction data Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 109 Use the numeric entry keys to enter the correction value for primary and secondary parameter. The entered values are set up as the data for the OFFSET correction for the measurement frequency at the time of data entry. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 110: Checking Displaying/Setting Up Correction Data
Input your desired value for the primary parameter for SHORT. Step 7. Use the right cursor keys to select the B field. Step 8. Input your desired value for the secondary parameter for SHORT. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 111: Checking Displaying/Setting Up Data For Load Correction
Input your desired value for the primary parameter for LOAD. Step 7. Use the right cursor keys to select the B field. Step 8. Input your desired value for the secondary parameter for LOAD. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 112: Avoiding Mistakes Related To Work In Obtaining Correction Data
|Zref| × 0.9 < |Z| | |Zref| × 1.1 Table 5-3, Y is the measured admittance value, Z is the measured impedance value, and Zref is the definition value of the standard for the LOAD correction. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 113: Obtaining Cable Correction Data
42037A (1 kΩ) to the end terminal of the cable. Step 10. Press the MEAS LOAD softkey. The data for the LOAD correction is then measured. • During the measurement, the “LOAD measurement in progress” message is shown on the display. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 114: Description Of Softkeys
• Reference/Load measurement: when auto range is not executed in 100 pF or 220 pF range. • Open measurement: when measurement value is not in |Y| | 20 µS range. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 115: Executing Measurement
The E4981A performs one cycle of measurement each time it receives a trigger command sent via GPIB/LAN/USB. E4981A ignores any trigger that is input during the measurement cycle. Be sure to trigger the instrument when it is not in a measurement cycle.
Page 116: Setting The Trigger Mode
Select the manual trigger mode according to the procedure in “Setting the trigger mode” on page 116. Step 2. Press the [Display Format] key. Step 3. Press the [Trigger] key to make a single measurement. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 117: Notes On Inputting A Trigger Signal
A trigger signal is not recognized until measurement with the previous input trigger is finished (the EOM signal turns to LOW). • If a trigger is input twice (double trigger), only the first one is valid. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 118: Tips For More Accurate Measurement
“Setting Up Averaging Count” on page Making measurements using a four-terminal pair You can use four-terminal pair measurement to eliminate measurement errors. For details, refer to “Principle of four-terminal pair measurement” on page 248. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 119: Using Frequency Shift
If you do not need to use the trigger delay function, confirm that the trigger delay time is set to 0. For the setup procedure, refer to “Setting Up Trigger Delay Time” on page Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 120: Reducing The Waiting Time For Analog Measurement
Tips for Increasing Measurement Speed (Throughput) Reducing the waiting time for analog measurement E4981A has the capability to reduce the waiting time for analog measurement. The waiting time is included in the analog measurement time. This is a system default measurement delay time.
Page 121: Sorting Based On Measured Results (Comparator Function)
(comparator function). Overview of Comparator Function The E4981A’s comparator function lets you set up to 9 limit ranges for the primary parameter (BIN1 to BIN9) and 1 limit range for the secondary parameter and sort DUTs into up to 11 categories: BIN1 to BIN9, OUT_OF_BINS or AUX_BIN.
Page 122: Turning On/Off Comparator Function
Press the LIMIT TABLE softkey. Step 3. Use the cursor keys to select the COMP field. Step 4. Use the following softkeys: Softkey Function Turns ON the comparator function. Turns OFF the comparator function. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 123: Setting Up Sorting Judgment Conditions
(absolute tolerance mode) and a method to designate the deviation using the percentage of the reference value (percent tolerance mode). Only the absolute mode can be used to designate the secondary parameter limit range. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 124 Increments the nominal value in steps of 1. DECR- Decrements the nominal value in steps of 1. DECR-- Decrements the nominal value in steps of your selected number (1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 125 BIN1 0.98 nF 0.99 nF –0.02 nF –0.01 nF –2% –1% BIN2 0.99 nF 1.01 nF –0.01 nF 0.01 nF –1% BIN3 1.01 nF 1.02 nF 0.01 nF 0.02 nF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 126: Setting Up Limit Ranges
(between the lower limit value and upper limit value). • Gaps between the limit ranges are allowed. Therefore, you can set up the limit ranges as shown in Figure 7-3. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 127 Turns OFF the bin function. Step 5. Repeat Step 3 Step 4 using the cursor keys until you have turned ON the bin Step 6. Use the cursor keys to select the BIN 1 LOW field. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 128 You can clear all the limit values and sets the status to OFF for your selected bin by pressing the CLEAR LINE softkey. Step 7. Use the cursor keys to select the 2nd HIGH field. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 129: Setting Up Aux Function
Press the LIMIT TABLE softkey. Step 3. Use the cursor keys to select the AUX field. Step 4. Use the following softkeys: Softkey Function Turns ON the auxiliary function. Turns OFF the auxiliary function. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 130: Rejecting Excessively Low Measured Results (Low C Reject Function)
Rejecting Excessively Low Measured Results (Low C reject function) Rejecting Excessively Low Measured Results (Low C reject function) The E4981A has a function to detect extremely low measured primary parameter values (Cp or Cs) that are equal to or less than the preset boundary value as Low C (abnormal measurement status).
Page 131: Setting Up Limit (Boundary Value) Of Low C Reject Function
(%). Softkey Function INCR+ Increments the Low C Reject value in steps of 0.001%. DECR- Decrements the Low C Reject value in steps of 0.001%. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 132: Reading Out Sorting Judgment Result
LOWC is displayed in the upper row instead of the sorting judgment result (OUT, AUX, or BIN1 to BIN9). The sorting judgment result can be read out through the SCPI command. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 133 Sorting Based on Measured Results (Comparator Function) Reading out Sorting Judgment Result Figure 7-5 Sorting judgment flow Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 134: Reading Out Sort Count Of Each Bin (Bin Count Function)
The overload count value of each channel when the MULTI correction function is ON, can be read with the :CALCulate1:COMParator:COUNT:MULTi:OVLD? command. For more information, refer to the Programming Manual. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 135: Making A Beep Based On Sorting Judgment Result
Makes a beep when the sorting judgment result is BIN1 to BIN9. You can also disable the beep sound. For the procedure on how to set up the beep output, refer to “Setting Up Condition To Make A Beep” on page Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 136 Sorting Based on Measured Results (Comparator Function) Making a Beep Based on Sorting Judgment Result Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 137: Using Handler Interface Output Of Comparator Sorting Result
You can output the measurement end signal, the sorting result of the comparator function, and other data from the Keysight E4981A, as well as input an external trigger signal or a key lock signal to the E4981A, through the handler interface. This chapter also gives information required to configure an auto-sorting system that combines the E4981A and a handler in using the handler interface and the comparator function.
Page 138 Using Handler Interface Output of Comparator Sorting Result Figure 8-1 Output of comparator sorting result to the handler interface Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 139 /SREJ Less than /OUT- the mini- _OF_BIN lower /PLO limit /OUT- Other _OF_BIN than above /PHI Overload Cannot be sorted. /OVLD 9.9E37 /LOW- Mea- C_OR_ Low C sured 0 - 10 value Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 140 No Con- /LOW- Cannot be sorted 9.9E37 tact C_OR_NC 1. /LOWC becomes active together with the signal that corresponds to the result of normal sorting judgment (judgment result when no error occurs). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 141: Input/Output Signal Pin Assignment
Table 8-2 gives a description of the input/output signals. A slash (/) symbol preceding signal names means that they are negative logic (active low). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 142 (Ext). The trigger is 12, 13 EXT_TRIG Input generated at the rising edge of a pulse. When this trigger pin is not used, the pin should be connected with GND (LO). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 143 Not used in the current release. Do not connect anything. ——— External dc voltage for judgemental system is not used in 27, 28 EXT_DCV1 E4981A as PullUp resistors are not mounted inside the ——— E4981A. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 144 Common pins for the external dc voltage EXT_DCV2 (pin 32, 33 COM2 numbers 14 and 15). ——— Common pins for the external dc voltage EXT_DCV1 (pin 34, 35, 36 COM1 numbers 27 and 28). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 145: Timing Chart
Timing Chart Figure 8-3 shows the timing chart. The section where /Data is unpredictable in the figure indicates that the E4981A is processing data after analog measurement and the output signals are invalid. For details on measurement time, refer to Table 8-3 on page 145.
Page 146 T3 Analog measurement time 1(1 kHz) 2.0 ms — T3 + T4 Measurement time 1(1 MHz) 1.3 ms — T4 Measurement computation 1.0 ms — time Trigger wait time 0 µs — Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 147: Electrical Characteristics
+5 V to /BIN1 - /BIN9, /AUX_BIN, /OUT_OF_BINS, /PHI, 0 - 0.5 +24 V /PLO, /SREJ, /OVLD, /LOWC_OR_NC Operation output signals: +5 V to 0 - 0.5 /INDEX, /EOM, /READY_FOR_TRIG, /ALARM +24 V Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 148 /B IN 1 /B IN 8 /B IN 9 /AU X _B IN /P H I /P L O /S R E J /LOWC_OR_NC /O V L D C O M 1 e4981aoe0004 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 149: Input Signal
Electrical characteristics of the handler interface input signals Input current (LOW) [mA] (typical) Input vol tage [V] Input signal Drive source vol tage: DCV2 HIGH 12 V 15 V 24 V EXT_TRIG 0 - 1 DCV2 /KEY_LOCK 14.5 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 150 9 V ~ para | 15 V 15 V ~ para ≤ 24 V The S1, S2, S3 switches belongs to electrical switches that can be control by SCPi command :SYSTem:HANDler:TRIGger:VOLTage <para> Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 151: Control/Check The Handler Interface For Maintenance
Control/Check the Handler Interface for Maintenance To control/check the Handler interface, the Keysight E4981A provides several test commands related to various operations of handler interface. This section explains the various test commands available in E4981A to check/trouble the handler interface. Starting Handler interface test Handler interface can be set into test mode by using the :TEST:HANDler:MODE command.
Page 152: Ending Handler Interface Test
E4981A Programming Manual. Ending Handler interface test When the Handler interface test is finished, close the E4981A Handler interface test mode by setting :TEST:HANDler:MODE command value to OFF so that handler interface pin signal is generated according to the actual measurement result.
Page 153: Using Scanner Interface Using Multi-Correction Function
Using Multi-correction Function The E4981A provides a function that lets you select a data set from up to 256 correction data sets measured and stored in advance and use it (multi-correction function). This function performs OPEN/SHORT/LOAD correction for each channel of the scanner to cancel variations in measured values caused by a different measurement path for each channel.
Page 154: Selecting A Channel
Increments the channel number in steps of 10. INCR+ Increments the channel number in steps of 1. DECR- Decrements the channel number in steps of 1. DECR-- Decrements the channel number in steps of 10. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 155 The /CH_VALID signal enables/disables the setting of the signals from /CH0 to /CH7. If the /CH_VALID signal is LOW, a trigger will set the channels of the E4981A to the channel numbers specified by the signals from /CH0 to /CH7. The procedure to set the channel is given below.
Page 156: Measuring Multi-Correction Data
You cannot initialize the correction data for the multi-correction function. Even if you trigger a reset or turn OFF the power, the values are maintained. Figure 9-1 Flow of measuring correction data for the multi-correction Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 157 For more information, refer to “Checking Displaying/Setting Up Correction Data” on page 110. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 158: Input/Output Signal Pin Assignment
Channel number identification signal. If the /CH_VALID signal is LOW, a trigger will set the /CH_VALID Input channels of the E4981A to the channel numbers specified by the signals from /CH0 to /CH7. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 159 Measurement cycle end signal. When a series of measurement processes finishes and the /EOM Output measured data becomes available, this becomes LOW. Common pin for the external DC voltage COMMON ——— EXT_DCV (pin number 7). Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 160: Timing Chart
/Ch0 - /Ch7 Ch(n) Ch(n+1) /CH_VALID E4981A Channel Setting Ch(n-1) Ch(n) Ch(n+1) Ch(n) : Channel Number at Nth measurement Ch(n+1) : Channel Number at (N+1)th measurement Ch(n+1) : Channel Number at (N-1)th measurement e4981aue0014 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 161: Electrical Characteristics
Table 9-3 Electrical characteristics of the scanner interface output signals Output vol tage [V] Maximum Output signal current HIGH [mA] /INDEX, /EOM 0 - 0.5 EXT_DCV 1. EXT_DCV: +5 V - +15 V Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 162: Input Signal
EXT_DCV EXT_TRIG The current can be calculated by the following formula: I = (DCV-Vf-Low)/R Low = 0 V EXT_TRIG Vf = 1.3 V (typical) \CH0 -\CH7 \CH_VALID Vf = 1.1 V (typical) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 163 Circuit diagram of scanner interface input signals (channel control signals) S canner interface connector E X T _ D C V /C H 0 /C H 7 /C H _V AL ID e4981aoe0002 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 164 5 V ~ para | 9 V 9 V ~ para | 15 V The S1, S2 switches belongs to electrical switches that can be control by the following SCPi command :SYSTem:SCANner:TRIGger:VOLTage <para> Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 165: Power Source
Control/Check the Scanner Interface for Maintenance To control/check the Scanner interface, the Keysight E4981A provides several test commands related to various operations of scanner interface. This section explains the various test commands available in E4981A to check/trouble the scanner interface. Starting Scanner interface test Scanner interface can be set into test mode by using the :TEST:SCANner:MODE command.
Page 166: Ending Scanner Interface Test
E4981A Programming Manual. Ending Scanner interface test When the Scanner interface test is finished, close the E4981A Scanner interface test mode by setting :TEST:SCANner:MODE command value to OFF so that scanner interface pin signal is generated according to the actual measurement result.
Page 167: 10 Specifications And Supplemental Information
Option dependencies The available frequency is defined as follows: E4981A-001: 120 Hz / 1 kHz/ 1 MHz / 1 MHz±1% / 1 MHz±2% E4981A-002: 120 Hz / 1 kHz The information about “Frequency 1 MHz / 1 MHz±1% / 1 MHz±2%” in specifications, supplemental and general information is invalid for E4981A-002.
Page 168: Basic Specifications
Quality factor (inverse of D) Equivalent parallel conductance measured using the parallel equivalent circuit model Equivalent parallel resistance measured using the parallel equivalent circuit model Equivalent series resistance measured using the series equivalent circuit model Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 169: Measurement Signals
5 speeds Measurement time mode: N = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 For information on the measurement time in each mode, refer to “Measurement time” on page 188. Measurement range selection Auto, Hold Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 170: Measurement Range
Averaging Range 1 - 256 measurements Resolution Trigger mode Internal trigger (Int), Manual trigger (Man), External trigger (Ext), GPIB/USB/LAN trigger (Bus) Trigger delay time Range 0 - 1 s Resolution 0.1 ms Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 171: Measurement Display Ranges
6.8 µF - 15 µF 0 F - 15 µF 22 µF 15 µF - 33 µF 0 F - 33 µF 47 µF 33 µF - 68 µF 0 F - 68 µF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 172 15 µF - 33 µF 0 F - 33 µF 47 µF 33 µF - 68 µF 0 F - 68 µF 100 µF 68 µF - 200 µF 0 F - 200 µF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 173: Measurement Accuracy
Measurement cable length: 0 m, 1 m, or 2 m (16048A/B/D) • D (dissipation factor) ~ 0.5 1. The outer conductor resistance of cable requires the following conditions: 16048A/B: 62 mΩ or below 16048D: 90 mΩ or below Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 174 : Cp or Cs Accuracy [%] f: Measurement frequency [Hz] : Measurement value of Cp or Cs [F] : Measurement value of Q : Measurement value of Rp [Ω] De: D accuracy [%] Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 175 Cx~ Cr: K = (1/Vs) × (Cr/Cx) Cx}Cr: K = 1/Vs where Cx is measured value of capacitance (Cp or Cs) Cr is a measurement range and Vs is a measurement signal level [V]. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 176 100 µF 220 µF 470 µF 0.4 + 0.060 × K 0.4 + 0.044 × K 0.4 + 0.036 × K 0.4 + 0.032 × K 0.4 + 0.030 × K 1 mF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 177 100 µF 220 µF 0.004 + 0.00060 0.004 + 0.00044 0.004 + 0.00036 0.004 + 0.00032 0.004 + 0.00030 470 µF × K × K × K × K × K 1 mF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 178 10 µF 22 µF 47 µF 0.4 + 0.060 × K 0.4 + 0.044 × K 0.4 + 0.036 × K 0.4 + 0.032 × K 0.4 + 0.030 × K 100 µF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 179 10 µF 22 µF 0.004 + 0.00060 0.004 + 0.00044 0.004 + 0.00036 0.004 + 0.00032 0.004 + 0.00030 47 µF × K × K × K × K × K 100 µF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 180 22 pF 47 pF 0.055 + 0.030 × 0.055 + 0.022 × 0.055 + 0.018 × 0.055 + 0.016 × 0.055 + 0.015 × 100 pF 220 pF 470 pF 1 nF Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 181 (measurement range: 10 nF to 100 µF / measurement signal level: 0.5 V) 0.001 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 0.0006 0.0005 0.0004 0.0003 0.0002 0.0001 1.0E-9 1.0E-8 1.0E-7 1.0E-6 1.0E-5 1.0E-4 1.0E-3 Measurement Value (Cp, Cs) [F] e4981cue0028 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 182 Accuracy of D when measurement frequency is 120 Hz (measurement range: 220 µF to 1 mF / measurement signal level: 1 V) 0.005 0.0049 0.0048 0.0047 0.0046 0.0045 0.0044 0.0043 0.0042 0.0001 0.001 0.01 Measurement Value (Cp, Cs) [F] e4981cue0029 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 183 (measurement range: 100 pF to 10 µF / measurement signal level: 1 V) 0.002 0.0018 0.0016 0.0014 0.0012 0.001 0.0008 0.0006 0.0004 0.0002 1.0E-11 1.0E-10 1.0E-9 1.0E-8 1.0E-7 1.0E-6 1.0E-5 1.0E-4 Measurement Value (Cp, Cs) [F] e4981cue0032 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 184 Accuracy of D when measurement frequency is 1 kHz (measurement range: 22 µF to 100 µF / measurement signal level: 1 V) 0.005 0.0049 0.0048 0.0047 0.0046 0.0045 0.0044 0.0043 0.0042 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 Measurement Value (Cp, Cs) [F] e4981cue0033 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 185 0.45 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 Measurement Value (Cp, Cs) [F] e4981cue0031 Figure 10-9 Accuracy of Cp and Cs when measurement frequency is 1 MHz (measurement signal level: 1 V) e4981cue0034 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 186 Specifications and Supplemental Information Basic Specifications Figure 10-10 Accuracy of D when measurement frequency is 1 MHz (measurement signal level: 1 V) e4981cue0035 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 187: Supplemental Information
100 pF - 100 nF range 20 Ω (nom.) Frequency: 1 MHz/ 1 MHz ± 1%/ 1 MHz ± 2% 20 Ω (nom.) 1. This value is defined without an extension cable. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 188: Measurement Time
Display update: Measurement range mode: Hold Source delay time: 0 ms Trigger delay time: 0 ms Averaging factor: Synchronous Source: Signal Level Compensation: Measurement Time Mode (N): Correction: Multi-correction: LAN: Not connected Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 189 10 ms MEAS DISPLAY page (large) drawing time 10 ms BIN No. DISPLAY page drawing time 10 ms BIN COUNT DISPLAY page drawing time 10 ms Measurement display switching time 35 ms Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 190 DELL Precision 390, 1.86 GHz/Windows XP USB GPIB interface card: 82350A USB GPIB interface: E2078A Display: Measurement range mode: Hold range mode (Hold) OPEN/SHORT/LOAD correction: OFF Measurement signal monitor: BIN count function: Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 191: Measurement Assistance Functions
The LOAD correction’s standard value can be defined for each channel. Cable correction function • Cable correction is available Deviation measurement function Deviation from reference value and percentage of deviation from the reference value can be outputted as the result. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 192 Countable from 0 to 999999. Low C reject function Extremely low measured capacitance values can be automatically detected as measurement errors. Contact check The contact check functions is available on 120 Hz / 1 kHz. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 193 Specifications and Supplemental Information Supplemental Information Signal Level Compensation (SLC) function SLC function compensates the voltage drop by resistance inside the E4981A and the extension cable under the following frequencies and ranges: Measurement Cable: 16048A or 16048D Operating measurement range setting for 1 m or 2 m cable length is: •...
Page 194 Recommended USB memory: 1 GB USB 2.0 HI-SPEED DATA TRAVELER (Keysight PN 1819-0375). Use the prepared USB memory device exclusively for the E4981A; otherwise, other previously saved data may be cleared. If you use a USB memory other than the recommended device, data may not be saved or recalled normally.
Page 195 No Contact Input signal Keylock, Ext-Trigger Scanner interface The input/output signals are negative logic and optically isolated open collector signals. Output signal INDEX, EOM Input signal Ch0 - Ch7, Ch valid, Ext-Trigger Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 196 Maximum discharge withstand voltage (typical) Maximum d ischarge withstand Range of capacitance value C of DUT vol tage 1000 V C | 2 µF C ~ 2 µF ⁄ Figure 10-12 Maximum discharge withstand voltage (typical) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 197: General Specifications
0% to 90% RH Altitude 0 m to 4572 m Weight 4.3 kg (nominal) Display LCD, 320 × 240 (pixels), RGB color Outer dimensions 370 (width) × 105 (height) × 405 (depth) mm (nominal) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 198 V Peak Max Save/ Local/ Recall A Recall B System Recall Lock 55.15 40.1 e4981aue0007 Figure 10-14 Dimensions (front view, without handle and bumper, in millimeters, nominal) 319.08 32.02 55.15 30.3 e4981aue0001 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 199 Dimensions (rear view, with handle and bumper, in millimeters, nominal) 367.43 17.63 332.17 17.63 70.07 71.03 10.39 113.85 15.5 42.64 58.1 41.67 24.75 e4981aue0008 Figure 10-16 Dimensions (Rear view, without handle and bumper, in millimeters, nominal) Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 200 Dimensions (side view, with handle and bumper, in millimeters, nominal) 401.95 79.76 e4981aue0009 Figure 10-18 Dimensions (side view, without handle and bumper, in millimeters, nominal) 373.96 15.65 347.85 10.45 19.72 50.9 e4981aue0003 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 201: Emc
INDOOR USE IEC60825-1:1994 CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1-92 www.lxistandard.org LXI is the LAN-based successor to GPIB, providing faster, more efficient connectivity. Keysight is a founding member of the LXI consortium. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 202: Sample Calculation Of Measurement Accuracy
10-6. The accuracy of Q is + − + − ±(20.0) ×0.0011/( 20.0 ×0.0011) =±0.44/( 0.022 ), that is, -0.43 to 0.45. Therefore, the true Q value exists within the range of 19.57 20.45. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 203: When Measurement Parameter Is Cp-G
+ − + − ±(2×10 ×68×10 2 10 ×68×10 ) =±0.272×10 0.136 ), that is, × -0.23944 MΩ to 0.31481 MΩ. Therefore, the true Rp value exists within 1.76056 MΩ to 2.31481 MΩ. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 204: When Measurement Parameter Is Cs-Rs
27.95 Ω. Therefore, the true Cs value exists within 8.00000±(8.00000×0.1352/100)=8.00000±0.01082 nF, that is, 7.98918 nF to 8.01082 nF, and the true Rs value exists within 4.00000±0.02795 kΩ, that is, 3.97205 to 4.02795 kΩ. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 205: Precautions For Use And Daily Checks
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Precautions for Use and Daily Checks This chapter describes precautions to take when using the E4981A and explains how to perform regular maintenance on the device. Precautions for Use This section describes the precautions to take in using the E4981A.
Page 206: Daily Checks (Executing The Self-Test)
“Check Items When Trouble Occurs” on page 211. Executing the self-test from the front panel The self-test of the E4981A can be executed from the front panel. The steps are given below. Self-test procedure Step 1. Press the [System] key.
Page 207 7 SCANNER INTERFACE Checks the scanner interface. (Visual confirmation only; no pass/fail result shown on screen.) For more information, on self test of Handler and Scanner Interface refer to the E4981A Service Guide. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 208: Cleaning This Instrument
Never clean the internal components of the instrument. Unknown terminals Unknown terminals on the front panel of the E4981A are fitted with BNC Type connectors (m).Stains or other damage to these connectors would significantly affect the measurement accuracy. Please give attention to the following precautions.
Page 209: Cautions Applicable To Requesting Repair, Replacement, Regular Calibration, Etc
Cautions Applicable to Requesting Repair, Replacement, Regular Calibration, Etc. Caution when sending the unit If it is necessary to send the unit to a Service Center of Keysight Technologies, please follow the instructions below. Equipment to be sent When requesting repair or regular calibration of the unit at our Service Center, send only the E4981A main unit without any installed option.
Page 210 Precautions for Use and Daily Checks Cautions Applicable to Requesting Repair, Replacement, Regular Calibration, Etc. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 211: 12 Troubleshooting
12 Troubleshooting This chapter lists items to check if you encounter a problem while using the Keysight E4981A. All of these items should be carefully investigated before you determine that your E4981A instrument is faulty. Check Items When Trouble Occurs The instrument does not start up (nothing is displayed).
Page 212: An Overload Message (Ovld) Is Displayed (When Nothing Is Connected To The Unknown Terminal)
• Check if the instrument is in the remote mode. If the E4981A is in the remote mode, RMT is displayed in the status display area in the lower-right corner of the screen. Press the [Local/Lock] key to clear the remote mode.
Page 213: Check Items When Trouble Occurs During Remote Control
You cannot read out the measured value. • Check that the data transfer format is set up correctly. An error message is displayed. • Check that the program is correct. For details on error messages, refer to Appendix Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 214 Troubleshooting Check Items When Trouble Occurs During Remote Control Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 215: A.manual Changes
Keysight E4981A than that indicated by the current printing date of this manual. The information in this manual applies directly to the E4981A model that has the serial number prefix listed on the title page of this manual.
Page 216 Manual Changes Manual Changes Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 217: B.information For Replacing 4268A, 4288A With E4981A
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Information for Replacing 4268A, 4288A with E4981A This appendix provides a functional comparison between the Keysight 4268A and 4288A with Keysight E4981A. See Keysight 4268A, 4288A Operation Manual for more detailed information on the 4268A, 4288A.
Page 218: Functional Comparison Between 4268A, 4288A, And E4981A
Information for Replacing 4268A, 4288A with E4981A Functional Comparison between 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A Functional Comparison between 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A Table B-3 compares the functions of the 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A. Table B-3 Functional comparison between 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A Function...
Page 219 SCPI command and front panel. Offset correction Can be turned Can be turned ON/OFF for both the ON/OFF for both the primary and primary and secondary secondary parameters parameters simultaneously. simultaneously. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 220 (EXT), GPIB trigger GPIB/LAN/USB (BUS), or manual (BUS), or manual trigger (BUS), or trigger (MAN). trigger (MAN). manual trigger (MAN). External Trigger Slope Selectable from POSitive or NEGative slope for BNC connector. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 221 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 222 Measurement Current/ Monitor value readout Always ON Can be turned Can be turned signal monitor Voltage ON/OFF. ON/OFF. monitor Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 223 10 setups can be 10 setups can be stored in Flash stored in EEPROM. stored in EEPROM. memory and 10 setups can be stored in external USB memory. Delete Deletes the states from the memory. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 224 Reset of displayed error/message Clears errors/caution messages from the display. Input the comment lines Can enter arbitrary comment containing upto 30 ASCII characters. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 225 Restarts the network. Socket Control Port number Returns the SOCKET control port number. Internal Clock Date, time, time zone Sets the date, time in the internal clock and configures the time zone. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 226 Information for Replacing 4268A, 4288A with E4981A Functional Comparison between 4268A, 4288A, and E4981A Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 227: C.initial Settings
Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter User Manual Initial Settings This appendix provides initial settings, settings that can be saved/recalled, and settings that can be backed up. Initial Settings, Settings That Can Be Saved/recalled, Settings That Can Be Backed Up...
Page 228 × ON/OFF BNC External trigger slope POSitive No effect × ON/OFF No effect × OPEN correction Parameter type No effect × ON/OFF No effect × SHORT correction Parameter type No effect × Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 229 Binary Data Byte order NORmal × ASCII Long format × Feeding target parameter ““ × × Control (feed/not feed) NEVer × × Data buffer BUF1|BUF2 × × Buffer size BUF3 1000 × × Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 230 Readout of Count valueon × × overload per channel ON/OFF × Current Monitor monitor No effect × × value readout Measurement Signal Monitor ON/OFF × Voltage Monitor monitor No effect × × value readout Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 231 No effect × × setup Clear No effect × × Register No effect × × Operation reading event status OPC ON No effect × × register Valid register No effect × × setup Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 232 Socket port number No effect × × Date No effect × × Internal Clock Time No effect × × Time zone No effect × 1. In E4981A the signal monitor is always ON. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 233: D.error Messages
This appendix describes the error messages of the E4981A in alphabetical order. Error Messages (Alphabetical Order) Error messages are displayed in the lower row of the E4981A’s display. You can read them out by using the SCPI command. This section provides a description of each error message and its remedy.
Page 234 -100 Command error A comprehensive syntax error has occurred for which the E4981A cannot detect further details of the error. This error code simply indicates the occurrence of a command error that is defined in IEEE488.2,11.5.1.1.4.
Page 235 An error not included in the error numbers between -171 and -179 has occurred during the syntax analysis of equation data. -178 Expression data not allowed An equation data element has been received where the E4981A does not accept any equation data element. -200 Execution error A comprehensive execution error has occurred for which the E4981A cannot detect further details.
Page 236 The suffix does not meet the syntax defined in IEEE488.2,7.7.3.2 or is inappropriate for the E4981A. -141 Invalid character data A character data element has been recieved where the E4981A does not accepts any character data element. -151 Invalid string data Character string data are expected, but the string data received are invalid for some reason.
Page 237 Numeric data is improper. -128 Numeric data not allowed A numeric value data element (that does not violate the standard) has been received where the E4981A does not accept any numeric value data element. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 238 -400 Query error A comprehensive Query error has occurred for which the E4981A cannot detect further details. This code simply indicates the occurrence of a Query error that is defined in IEEE488.2,11.5.1.1.7 and 6.3. -410 Query INTERRPUTED This indicates the status that causes an “INTERRUPTED”...
Page 239 -158 String data not allowed A string data element has been received where the E4981A does not accept any string data element. For example, a parameter must be enclosed with double quotation marks (“...”) but they are missing.
Page 240 A trigger command or trigger signal has been received and recognized by the E4981A, but it is ignored due to the timing relationship with the E4981A. For example, this happens when the E4981A’s trigger system is not in the Waiting for Trigger state.
Page 241: Warning Messages (Warning)
Warning Messages (WARNING) Warning Messages (WARNING) Warning messages are displayed to warn users. They are displayed in the lower row of the display of the E4981A. You cannot read them out using the GPIB command. WARNING: Need corr meas When the OPEN correction, SHORT correction or LOAD correction is ON, this is displayed when you change the setup of the cable length or measurement frequency shift (1 MHz).
Page 242 WARNING: Incompatible state file The setting file recalled from external mass storage device has been saved using an E4981A with a different firmware version or different options. There may be some parameters set up incorrectly. Check the setting. This message may appear due to option mismatch, firmware mismatch, check-sum error or state format mismatch.
Page 243: E.technical Information
E4981A. Vs is the measurement power supply voltage, and Rs is the output resistance of the E4981A. When voltage applied to a DUT is V and current flowing through the DUT is I, impedance Z is expressed by the equation Z = V/I.
Page 244 Phase of impedance Another way to express impedance Z is the use of admittance Y. The relationship between admittance Y and impedance Z is Y = 1/Z. Figure E-3 Relationship between impedance and admittance Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 245 Figure E-4 have the following meanings: Conductance Susceptance Absolute value of admittance The E4981A measures the vector value of a DUT’s impedance Z and indicates the result as the circuit constants of the equivalent circuit shown in Figure E-5. Figure E-5...
Page 246: Basic Principles Of Capacitance Measurement
Table E-1 Typical characteristics of capacitance DUT Example of Characteristics Measurement function Small C Cp-D, Cp-Q, Cp-G, Cp-Rp Large C Cs-D, Cs-Q, Cs-Rs Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 247: Selection Criteria Of Parallel/Series Equivalent Circuit Models
When capacitance is large, reactance is small. Therefore, the effect of Rs is greater than that of Rp. In this case, use the series equivalent circuit model shown in Figure E-6 (b). Figure E-6 Selection of capacitance measurement circuit model Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 248: Principle Of Four-Terminal Pair Measurement
(especially at higher frequencies) significantly affect measurements. The E4981A adopts a four-terminal pair structure to reduce the limitations on measurements due to these factors and to facilitate stable and accurate measurements.
Page 249: Precautions For Four-Terminal Pair Measurement
Select a four-terminal measurement test fixture that can secure the DUT to stabilize the connection and minimize contact resistance. Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 250 Extending the test leads If you cannot make measurement contact with the four-terminal pair structure, use the connection method shown in Figure E-10. Figure E-10 Measurement contacts when test leads are extended Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 251 Figure E-11 shows an example of using a guard plate with the measurement contacts of a four-terminal pair structure. Figure E-11 Example of connecting guard plate to DUT Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 252 By using a shield, the effect of electrical noise picked up by the test leads can be significantly decreased. Therefore, prepare a shield plate and connect it to the outer shield conductor of the four-terminal pair test leads, as shown in Figure E-12. Figure E-12 Guard shield Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 253 How to check How to obtain How to obtain Overview Correction Mode Cable length How to set up Calibration Recommended Period Capacitance characteristics Checking the Shipment Data processing flow Cleaning Data Save Clear Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 254 How to set up Limit range Specification Clear Frequency Shift Designation method Frequency shift Primary parameter(BIN1-9) Front Panel Secondary parameter Front panel key LOAD Correction Basic operation Data Fuse How to measure Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 255 How to set up Specification Selection of circuit model Medium Pass(Beep mode) Medium Mode Percent tolerance mode Menu screen Power Cable Min Off key Power source Multi correction Frequency Channel Power consumption How to select Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 256 System Date Save Measurement Result Screenshot Test fixture Settings that can be saved Connection example Save/Recall Throughput Instrument Configuration State Time Scanner Interface Measurement time Controlling Scanner Interface How to set up Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 257 Unlock front panel keys Tips USB Memory Accurate measurement Improving measurement speed (throughput) Value entry method Tolerance mode Trigger External Warm-up time Trigger delay time Warning messages(WARNING) How to set up Weight Range Trigger mode Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 258 Keysight E4981A 120 Hz/1 kHz/1 MHz Capacitance Meter...
Page 259 This information is subject to change without notice. © Keysight Technologies 2008 - 2019 Edition 3, September 26, 2019 *E4981-90000* E4981-90000 www.keysight.com...

This manual is also suitable for:

E4981a-001 E4981a-002

Keysight E4981A User Manual

Table of Contents

Unpacking and Preparation

Overview

Getting Started

Setting up Measurement Conditions and Display

Preparation for Accurate Measurement (Executing Correction) Overview of Correction Function

Executing Measurement

Sorting Based on Measured Results (Comparator Function)

Using Handler Interface Output of Comparator Sorting Result

Using Scanner Interface Using Multi-Correction Function

10 Specifications and Supplemental Information

Precautions for Use and Daily Checks

12 Troubleshooting

A.manual Changes

B.information for Replacing 4268A, 4288A with E4981A

C.initial Settings

D.error Messages

E.technical Information

Quick Links

Need help?

Questions and answers

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Summary of Contents for Keysight E4981A