General References - FujiFilm SonoSite Edge II User Manual

General references

+/x or S/D Ratio
+/x = (Velocity A/Velocity B)
where:
A = velocity cursor +
B = velocity cursor x
Acceleration Index (ACC)
Zwiebel, W.J. Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography, 4th ed., W.B. Saunders Company, (2000), p.52.
ACC = abs (delta velocity/delta time)
Elapsed Time (ET)
ET = time between velocity cursors in milliseconds
Hip Angle/d:D Ratio
Graf, R. "Fundamentals of Sonographic Diagnosis of Infant Hip Dysplasia." Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics,
Vol. 4, No. 6: p.735-740, 1984.
Morin, C., Harcke, H., MacEwen, G. "The Infant Hip: Real-Time US Assessment of Acetabular
Development." Radiology 177: p.673-677, December 1985.
Percent Area Reduction
Taylor K.J.W., P.N. Burns, P. Breslau. Clinical Applications of Doppler Ultrasound, Raven Press, N.Y., (1988),
p.130-136.
Zwiebel W.J., J.A. Zagzebski, A.B. Crummy, et al. "Correlation of peak Doppler frequency with lumen
narrowing in carotid stenosis." Stroke, 3: (1982), p.386-391.
% Area Reduction = [1 - A2(cm
where:
A1 = original area of the vessel in square cm
A2 = reduced area of the vessel in square cm
Percent Diameter Reduction
Handa, Nobuo et al., "Echo-Doppler Velocimeter in the Diagnosis of Hypertensive Patients: The Renal
Artery Doppler Technique," Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 12:12 (1986), p.945-952.
% Diameter Reduction = [1 - D2(cm)/D1(cm)] * 100
where:
D1 = original diameter of the vessel in cm
D2 = reduced diameter of the vessel in cm
6-20
2 2
)/A1(cm )] * 100
Measurement references