Sostenuto (Control Change 66) 99 Useful Information; Decimal And Hexadecimal - Rodgers PR-300S Owner's Manual

4. Useful Information
.Decimal and Hexadecimal
II is common
10
use 7-bit Hexadecimal number in MIDI communication.
The following is a conversion table between decimal numbers and 7-bit Hexadecimal numbers.
Hexa- Hexa- Hexa- Hexa-
Decimal decimal Decimal decimal Decimal decimal Decimal decimal
0 OOH
32
20H 64
40H
96
60H
I
OIH 33 21H 65
41H
97
61H
2 02H 34 22H 66 42H 98 62H
3 03H 35 23H 67 43H 99 63H
4 04H 36 24H 68 44H 100 64H
5 05H 37 25H 69 45H 101 65H
6
06H
38
26H 70 46H 102 66H
7 07H 39 27H 71 47H 103 67H
8 08H 40 28H 71 48H 104 68H
9 09H 41 29H
73
49H 105 69H
10
OAH 42
2AH
74 4AH 106 6AH
I I
OBH
43
2BH 75 4BH 107 6BH
12 OCH 44 2CH 76 4CH 108 6CH
13
ODH 45 2DH 77 4DH 109 6DH
14
OEH
46
2EH
78
4EH 110 6EH
15
OFH
47
2FH 79 4FH 1I 1 6FH
16 IOH 48 30H 80 50H 112 70H
17 11H 49 31H 81 51H 113 7lH
18 12H 50 32H 82 52H 114 72H
19
13H
51
33H 83 53H 115
73H
20 14H 52 34H 84 54H 116 74H
21 15H 53 35H 85 55H 117 75H
22 16H 54 36H 86 56H 118 76H
23
17H 55 37H 87
57H
119 77H
24 18H 56 38H 88 58H 120 78H
25 19H 57 39H 89 59H 121 79H
26 lAH 58 3AH 90 5AH 122 7AH
27 IBH 59 3BH 91 5BH 123 7BH
28 ICH 60 3CH 92 5CH 124 7CH
29 IDH 61 3DH 93 5DH 125 7DH
30 IEH 62 3EH 94 5EH 126 7EH
31 IFH 63 3FH 95 5FH 127 7FH
"To indicate a decimal number for the MIDI channel, Bank number. and Program number, add one to the values in the table.
"The resolution of 7-bit Hexadecimal numbers is 128. Use several bytes for values which require more resolution.
For example, the number "ad bbH" in 7-bit Hexadecimal is "ad x 128 + bb" in decimal form.
*In Roland GS. a signed 7-bit number is an "offset binary" number. In other words, there are 7-bits (0 . .. 127) to represent -64 ... +63.
Therefore. -64 is represented as O. 0 is represented as 64 (40H) and +63 is represented as 127 (7FH). In this way, 64 is added to a value to
obtain the "offset binary" representation.
Two bytes in the Roland GS format is really two 7-bit values, or 14 bits (16384 values), not 16 bits (65536 values). So, the signed values
we need to represent are -8 I92 through +8 I91. Again, this is represented as "offset binary" in Roland GS. So, -8192 is represent as 0, 0
is represented as 8 I92. and +8191 is represented as 16383. Since these numbers are written as two 7-bit bytes, -8192 is represented as
OOH OOH.O is represented as 40H OOH, and +8 I91 is represented as 7FH 7FH.
*The data indicated as "nibbled" is a 4-bit Hexadecimal number.
i.e. "0 ObH" is"a x 16 + b".
<Example I> Convert "5AH" in Hexadecimal to a Decimal number.
(By using the table) 5AH
=
90
<Example 2> Convert "12 34H" in 7-bit Hexadecimal to a Decimal number.
(By using the table)
12H = 18, 34H = 52
So, I8 x 128 + 52
=
2356
136
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