Principles Of Data Transfer - HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 HSCI Technical Manual

10.1.1 Principles of data transfer

Serial/Parallel
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The term "data" is used to describe all of the information that the computer is
capable of collecting and processing.
Data can be transmitted in either serial or parallel format.
Basically, data is coded in the computer system, e.g. as bytes (8 bits), and
supplied to the interface in parallel.
In the case of serial data transmission, the parallel information from the
computer system has to be converted into a serial data flow by a USART
(Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter).
The receiver accepts the serial data flow and converts it back again into parallel
information:
HEIDENHAIN Technical Manual iTNC 530 HSCI