HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B User Manual
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HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B User Manual

HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B User Manual

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TNC 426 B
TNC 430
NC Software
280 472 xx
280 473 xx
User's Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational
Programming
7/99
www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com

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  • Page 1 TNC 426 B TNC 430 NC Software 280 472 xx 280 473 xx User's Manual HEIDENHAIN Conversational Programming 7/99 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 2 Controls on the visual display unit Programming path movements APPR Split screen layout Approach/depart contour Switch between machining or FK free contour programming programming modes Straight line Soft keys for selecting functions Circle center/pole for polar coordinates in screen Circle with center Switching the soft-key rows Circle with radius Changing the screen settings...
  • Page 3 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 4 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 5 TNC users. User's Manual - Touch Probe Cycles All of the touch probe functions are described in a separate manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this User's Manual. Id. Nr.: 329 203 xx. Location of use...
  • Page 6 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 7 File Management, Programming Aids Programming: Tools Programming: Programming Contours Programming: Miscellaneous Functions Programming: Cycles Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Programming: Q Parameters Test Run and Program Run MOD Functions Tables and Overviews HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 8: Table Of Contents

    1 INTRODUCTION ..1 1.1 The TNC 426 B, the TNC 430 ..2 1.2 Visual Display Unit and Keyboard ..3 1.3 Modes of Operation ..5 1.4 Status Displays ..7 1.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels ..11 2 MANUAL OPERATION AND SETUP ..
  • Page 9 Circular path CT with tangential connection ..107 Corner Rounding RND ..108 Example: Linear movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates ..109 Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates ..110 Example: Full circle with Cartesian coordinates ..111 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 10 6.5 Path Contours—Polar Coordinates ..112 Polar coordinate origin: Pole CC ..112 Straight line LP ..113 Circular path CP around pole CC ..113 Circular path CTP with tangential connection ..114 Helical interpolation ..114 Example: Linear movement with polar coordinates ..116 Example: Helix ..
  • Page 11 Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM*): M128 ..147 Exact stop at corners with nontangential transitions: M134 ..148 7.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Laser Cutting Machines ..149 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 12 PROGRAMMING: CYCLES ..151 8.1 General Information on Cycles ..152 8.2 Drilling Cycles ..154 PECKING (Cycle 1) ..154 DRILLING (Cycle 200) ..156 REAMING (Cycle 201) ..157 BORING (Cycle 202) ..158 UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203) ..159 BACK BORING (Cycle 204) ..
  • Page 13 Example: Coordinate transformation cycles ..233 8.8 Special Cycles ..235 DWELL TIME (Cycle 9) ..235 PROGRAM CALL (Cycle 12) ..235 ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP (Cycle 13) ..236 TOLERANCE (Cycle 32) ..237 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 14 9 PROGRAMMING: SUBPROGRAMS AND PROGRAM SECTION REPEATS ..239 9.1 Marking Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..240 9.2 Subprograms ..240 9.3 Program Section Repeats ..241 9.4 Program as Subprogram ..242 9.5 Nesting ..243 Subprogram within a subprogram ..243 Repeating program section repeats ..
  • Page 15 13 TABLES AND OVERVIEWS ..317 13.1 General User Parameters ..318 13.2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for the Data Interfaces ..333 13.3 Technical Information ..337 13.4 Exchanging the Buffer Battery ..340 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 16 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 17: Introduction

    Introduction www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 18: The Tnc 426 B, The Tnc 430

    They are designed for milling, drilling and boring machines, as well as for machining centers. The TNC 426 B can control up to 5 axes; the TNC 430 can control up to 9 axes. You can also change the angular position of the spindle under program control.

  • Page 19: Visual Display Unit And Keyboard

    Move highlight upward In the submenu: Increase value Move picture to the right or upward In the main menu: Select submenu In the submenu: Exit submenu See next page for the screen settings. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 20 Main menu dialog Function BRIGHTNESS Adjust brightness CONTRAST Adjust contrast H-POSITION Adjust horizontal position H-SIZE Adjust picture width V-POSITION Adjust vertical position V-SIZE Adjust picture height SIDE-PIN Correct barrel-shaped distortion TRAPEZOID Correct trapezoidal distortion ROTATION Correct tilting COLOR TEMP Adjust color temperature R-GAIN Adjust strength of red color B-GAIN...

  • Page 21: Modes Of Operation

    The Electronic Handwheel mode of operation allows you to move the machine axes manually with the HR electronic handwheel. Soft keys for selecting the screen layout (select as described previously) Screen windows Soft key Positions Left: positions. Right: status display. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 22 Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) This mode of operation is used for programming simple traversing movements, such as for face milling or pre-positioning. You can also define point tables for setting the digitizing range in this mode. Soft keys for selecting the screen layout Screen windows Soft key Program...

  • Page 23: Status Displays

    Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI). In the operating modes Manual and Electronic Handwheel, the status display is shown in the large window. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 24 Information in the status display Meaning ACTL. Actual or nominal coordinates of the current position X Y Z Machine axes; the TNC displays auxiliary axes in lower-case letters. The sequence and quantity of displayed axes is determined by the machine tool builder. Refer to your machine manual for more information The displayed feed rate in inches corresponds to one tenth of the effective value.
  • Page 25 Active machining cycle Circle center CC (pole) Operating time Dwell time counter Positions and coordinates Position display Type of position display, e.g. actual positions Tilt angle of the working plane Angle of a basic rotation HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 26 Information on tools T: Tool number and name RT: Number and name of a replacement tool Tool axis Tool length and radii Oversizes (delta values) from TOOL CALL (PGM) and the tool table (TAB) Tool life, maximum tool life (TIME 1) and maximum tool life for TOOL CALL (TIME 2) Display of the active tool and the (next) replacement tool Coordinate transformations...

  • Page 27: Accessories: Heidenhain 3-D Touch Probes And Electronic Handwheels

    1.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels 3-D Touch Probes With the various HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probe systems you can: Automatically align workpieces Quickly and precisely set datums Measure the workpiece during program run Digitize 3-D surfaces (option), and...
  • Page 28 Electronic handwheels facilitate moving the axis slides precisely by hand. A wide range of traverses per handwheel revolution is available. Apart from the HR 130 and HR 150 integral handwheels, HEIDENHAIN also offers the HR 410 portable handwheel (see figure at right). www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 29: Manual Operation And Setup

    Manual Operation and Setup www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 30: Switch-On, Switch-Off

    2.1 Switch-on, Switch-off The reference points need only be traversed if the machine axes are to be Switch-On moved. If you intend only to write, edit or test programs, you can select the Programming and Editing or Test Run Switch-on and traversing the reference points can vary modes of operation immediately after depending on the individual machine tool.

  • Page 31: Moving The Machine Axes

    You can move several axes at a time with these two methods. You can change the feed rate at which the axes are traversed with the F soft key (see „2.3 Spindle Speed S, Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 32 Traversing with the HR 410 electronic handwheel The portable HR 410 handwheel is equipped with two permissive buttons. The permissive buttons are located below the star grip. You can only move the machine axes when an permissive button is depressed (machine-dependent function). The HR 410 handwheel features the following operating elements: EMERGENCY STOP Handwheel...

  • Page 33: Spindle Speed S, Feed Rate F And Miscellaneous Functions M

    In the operating modes Manual and Electronic Handwheel, you can enter the spindle speed S, feed rate F and the miscellaneous functions M with soft keys. The miscellaneous functions are described in Chapter 7 ”Programming: Miscellaneous Functions. ” HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 34: Datum Setting (Without A 3-D Touch Probe)

    Entering values Example: Entering the spindle speed S To enter the spindle speed, press the S soft key. Spindle speed S= < 1000 Enter the desired spindle speed, and confirm your entry with the machine START button. The spindle speed S with the entered rpm is started with a miscellaneous function.

  • Page 35: Tilting The Working Plane

    The program is written as usual in a main plane, such as the X/Y plane, but is executed in a plane that is tilted relative to the main plane. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 36 There are two functions available for tilting the working plane 3-D ROT soft key in the Manual mode and Electronic Handwheel mode (described below) Tilting under program control: Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE in the part program: see „8.7 Coordinate Transformation Cycles“ . The TNC functions for “tilting the working plane”...
  • Page 37 REF coordinates. Instead of the difference from the 0° position, the TNC uses the REF value of the tilting table after tilting. In other words, it assumes that you have properly aligned the workpiece before tilting. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 38 To activate manual tilting: To select manual tilting, press the 3-D ROT soft key. You can now select the desired menu option with the arrow keys. < Enter the tilt angle. < To set the desired operating mode in menu option ”Tilt working plane”...

  • Page 39: Positioning With Manual Data Input (Mdi)

    Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 40: Programming And Executing Simple Machining Operations

    It enables you to write a short program in HEIDENHAIN conversational programming or in ISO format, and execute it immediately. You can also call TNC cycles. The program is stored in the file $MDI.
  • Page 41 For example: L C+2.561 F50 < Conclude entry. < Press the machine START button: The rotation of the table corrects the misalignment. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 42 Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI The $MDI file is generally intended for short programs that are only needed temporarily. Nevertheless, you can store a program, if necessary, by proceeding as described below: Select operating mode: Programming and Editing < To call the file manager, press the PGM MGT key (program management).

  • Page 43: Programming: Fundamentals Of Nc, File Management, Programming Aids, Pallet Management

    Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids, Pallet Management www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 44 4.1 Fundamentals of NC Position encoders and reference marks The machine axes are equipped with position encoders that register the positions of the machine table or tool. When a machine axis moves, the corresponding position encoder generates an electrical signal. The TNC evaluates this signal and calculates the precise actual position of the machine axis.
  • Page 45 X, Y and Z, respectively. Rotary axes are designated as A, B and C. The illustration at lower right shows the assignment of secondary axes and rotary axes to the main axes. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 46 Polar coordinates If the production drawing is dimensioned in Cartesian coordinates, you also write the part program using Cartesian coordinates. For parts containing circular arcs or angles it is often simpler to give the dimensions in polar coordinates. While the Cartesian coordinates X, Y and Z are three-dimensional and can describe points in space, polar coordinates are two- dimensional and describe points in a plane.
  • Page 47 Absolute and incremental polar coordinates Absolute polar coordinates always refer to the pole and the reference axis. Incremental polar coordinates always refer to the last programmed nominal position of the tool. +IPR +IPA +IPA 0° HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 48 The fastest, easiest and most accurate way of setting the datum is by using a 3-D touch probe from HEIDENHAIN. For further information, refer to section 12.2 “Setting the Datum with a 3-D Touch Probe.

  • Page 49: File Management: Fundamentals

    We recommend saving newly written programs and files on a PC at regular intervals. You can do this with the cost-free backup program TNCBACK.EXE from HEIDENHAIN. Your machine tool builder can provide you with a copy of TNCBACK.EXE. You also need a floppy disk on which all the machine-specific data (PLC program, machine parameters, etc.) of your machine tool are...

  • Page 50: Standard File Management

    4.3 Standard File Management Use the standard file manager if you want to store all of the files in one directory, or if you are used to working with the file manager on old TNC controls. Set the MOD function PGM MGT to Standard (see Section 12.5) .
  • Page 51 If you wish to copy very long programs, enter the new file name and confirm with the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. The file will now be copied in the background, so you can continue to work while the TNC is copying. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 52 Data transfer to or from an external data medium Before you can transfer data to an external data medium, you must set the interface (see „Section 12.4 Setting the Data Interfaces“). Calling the file manager < Activate data transfer: press the EXT soft key. In the left half of the screen, the TNC shows all of files that are stored on the TNC, and in the right half of the screen,...
  • Page 53 FILES soft key Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select: Move the highlight up or down. < Select a file: Press the SELECT soft key or ENT HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 54 Enter the name of the new file and confirm your entry with the ENT key or EXECUTE soft key. Convert an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format Calling the file manager < Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to convert: Move the highlight up or down.
  • Page 55 Move the highlight up or down. < Press the PROTECT soft key to enable file protection The file now has status P , or To cancel file protection, press the UNPROTECT soft key. The P status is canceled. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 56: File Management With Additional Functions

    4.4 File Management with Additional Functions Select the file manager with additional functions if you wish to store files in various different directories. Set the MOD function PGM MGT (see Section 12.5) to Enhanced! See also Section „4.2 File Management: Fundamentals“! Directories To ensure that you can easily find your files, we recommend that you organize your hard disk into directories.
  • Page 57 Protect a file against editing and erasure Cancel file protection Network drive management (Ethernet option only) Copying a directory Display all the directories of a particular drive Delete directory with all its subdirectories HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 58 Calling the file manager Press the PGM MGT: The TNC displays the file management window (see Fig. at top right for default setting. If the TNC displays a different screen layout, press the WINDOW soft key) The narrow window at left shows three drives .
  • Page 59 Select drive: Press the SELECT soft key or ENT 2nd step: select directory: Move the highlight to the desired directory in the left window — the right window automatically shows all files stored in the highlighted directory. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 60 3rd step: select a file: Press the SELECT TYPE soft key Press the soft key for the desired file type, or To display all files, press the SHOW ALL soft key 4*.H use wild card characters, e.g., to show all files of the file type .H that begin with 4.
  • Page 61 Move the highlight in the left window onto the directory you want to copy. Press the COPY DIR soft key instead of the COPY soft key. Subdirectories are also copied at the same time. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 62 Selecting one of the last 10 files selected. Calling the file manager < Display the last 10 files selected: Press LAST FILES soft key Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select: Move the highlight up or down. <...
  • Page 63 Renaming a file Move the highlight to the file you wish to rename. Select the renaming function. Enter the new file name; the file type cannot be changed. To execute renaming, press the ENT key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 64 The file now has status P . To cancel file protection, proceed in the same way using the UNPROTECT soft key. Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format Move the highlight to the file you want to convert. To select the additional functions, press the MORE FUNCTIONS key.
  • Page 65 To transfer several files, use the TAG soft key (in the second soft-key row, see also Tagging functions earlier on in this chapter), transfer all files by pressing the TNC EXT soft < HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 66 Confirm with the EXECUTE or with the ENT key. A status window appears on the TNC, informing about the copying progress, or If you wish to transfer more than one file or longer files, press the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. The TNC then copies the file in the background.
  • Page 67 Press the NO soft key if no file is to be overwritten To confirm each file separately before overwriting it, press the CONFIRM key. If you wish to overwrite a protected file, this must also be confirmed or aborted separately. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 68 The TNC in a network (applies only for Ethernet interface option) To connect the Ethernet card to your network, refer to Chapter ”12.5 Ethernet Interface”! The TNC logs error messages during network operation (see section ”12.5 Ethernet Interface”). If the TNC is connected to a network, the directory window displays up to 7 drives (see screen at upper right).

  • Page 69: Creating And Writing Programs

    4.5 Creating and Writing Programs Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format. Block: A part program consists of a series of program blocks. The figure at right illustrates the elements of a block. 10 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3 The TNC numbers the blocks in ascending sequence.
  • Page 70 Creating a new part program You always enter a part program in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. Program initiation in an example: Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation. < To call the file manager, press the PGM MGT key.
  • Page 71 Traverse feed rate automatically ON”; pressing the ENT key will terminate this calculated in TOOL CALL block dialog. The program blocks window will display the following line: 3 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 72 Editing program lines Selecting blocks or words Soft keys/keys While you are creating or editing a part program, you can select any desired line in the program or individual words in a block with the Go to the previous page arrow keys or the soft keys (see table at right).

  • Page 73: Interactive Programming Graphics

    To omit block numbers: Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK NR. soft key to OMIT. To erase the graphic: Shift the soft-key row (see figure at right) Delete graphic: Press CLEAR GRAPHIC soft key HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 74: Structuring Programs

    Magnifying or reducing a detail You can select the graphics display by selecting a detail with the frame overlay. You can now magnify or reduce the selected detail. Select the soft-key row for detail magnification/reduction (second row, see figure at right) The following functions are available: Function Soft key...

  • Page 75: Adding Comments

    Select the block after which the comment is to be inserted. Initiate the programming dialog with the semicolon key “;” on the alphabetic keyboard. Enter your comment and conclude the block by pressing the END key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 76: Creating Text Files

    4.9 Creating Text Files You can use the TNC’s text editor to write and edit texts. Typical applications: Recording test results Documenting working procedures Creating formularies Text files are type .A files (ASCII files). If you want to edit other types of files, you must first convert them into type .A files.
  • Page 77 Move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the temporarily stored text block. Press the INSERT BLOCK soft key _ the text block in inserted. You can insert the temporarily stored text block as often as desired. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 78 To transfer the selected text to a different file: Select the text block as described previously. Press the APPEND TO FILE soft key — the TNC displays the dialog prompt Destination file = Enter the path and name of the target file. The TNC appends the selected text to the end of the specified file.

  • Page 79: Integrated Pocket Calculator

    (3.14159265359) Display result If you are writing a program and the programming dialog is active, you can use the actual-position-capture key to transfer the result to the highlight position in the current block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 80: Help For Nc Error Messages

    4.11 HELP for NC error messages The TNC automatically generates error messages when it detects problems such as Incorrect data Logical errors in the program Contour elements that are impossible to machine Incorrect use of the touch probe system An error message that contains a program block number was caused by an error in the indicated block or in the preceding block.

  • Page 81: Managing Pallet Tables

    Select a pallet table with the arrow keys, or enter a new file name to create a new table. Insert the copied field Confirm your entry with the ENT key. (2nd soft-key row) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 82 To leave the pallet file: To select the file manager, press the Taste PGM MGT key. To select a different type of file, press the SELECT TYPE soft key and the soft key for the desired file type, for example SHOW.H. Select the desired file.
  • Page 83 Programming: Tools www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 84: Programming: Tools

    5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data Feed rate F The feed rate is the speed (in millimeters per minute or inches per minute) at which the tool center moves. The maximum feed rates can be different for the individual axes and are set in machine parameters.

  • Page 85: Tool Data

    2 Determine the tool length L with a tool presetter. This allows you to enter the determined value directly in the TOOL DEF tool definition block or in the tool table without further calculations. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 86 Tool radius R You can enter the tool radius R directly. Delta values for lengths and radii Delta values are offsets in the length and radius of a tool. A positive delta value describes a tool oversize (DL, DR, DR2>0). If you are programming the machining data with an allowance, enter the oversize value in the TOOL CALL block of the part program.
  • Page 87 A starting value can be entered for used tools. Comment on tool (up to 16 characters) Tool description? Information on this tool that is to be sent to the PLC PLC status? HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 88 Tool table: Tool data required for automatic tool measurement For a description of the cycles governing automatic tool measurement, see the new Touch Probe Cycles Manual, Chapter 4. Abbr. Input Dialog CUT. Number of teeth (20 teeth maximum) Number of teeth ? LTOL Permissible deviation from tool length L for wear Wear tolerance: length ?
  • Page 89 >> or << . To leave the tool table: Call the file manager and select a file of a different type, e.g. a part program. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 90 Additional notes on tool tables Editing functions for tool tables Soft key Machine parameter 7266.x defines which data can be entered in the tool table and in what sequence Select beginning of table the data is displayed. Note when configuring the tool table that the total width cannot be more than Select end of table 250 characters.
  • Page 91 Select end of table Select previous page in table Select next page in table Reset pocket table Go to the beginning of the next line Reset tool number column T Move to end of line HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 92 Calling tool data A TOOL CALL block in the part program is defined with the following data: Select the tool call function with the TOOL CALL key. Tool number: Enter the number or name of the tool. The tool must already be defined in a TOOL DEF block or in the tool table.
  • Page 93 M101 at the beginning of the program. M101 is reset with M102. The tool is not always changed immediately, but, depending on the workload of the control, a few NC blocks later. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 94: Tool Compensation

    5.3 Tool Compensation The TNC adjusts the spindle path in the tool axis by the compensation value for the tool length. In the working plane, it compensates the tool radius. If you are writing the part program directly on the TNC, the tool radius compensation is effective only in the working plane.
  • Page 95 The tool center moves along the contour at a distance equal to the radius. “Right” or “left” are to be understood as based on the direction of tool movement along the workpiece contour (see illustrations on the next page). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 96 Between two program blocks with different radius compensations (RR and RL) you must program at least one block without radius compensation (that is, with R0). Radius compensation does not come into effect until the end of the block in which it is first programmed. You can also activate the radius compensation for secondary axes in the working plane.
  • Page 97 If you program the tool movement without radius compensation, you can change the tool path and feed rate at workpiece corners with the miscellaneous function M90 (see section 7 .4 +Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior+). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 98: Three-Dimensional Tool Compensation

    5.4 Three-Dimensional Tool Compensation The TNC can carry out a three-dimensional tool compensation (3-D compensation) for straight-line blocks. Apart from the X, Y and Z coordinates of the straight-line end point, these blocks must also contain the components NX, NY and NZ of the surface-normal vector (see figure below right).
  • Page 99 The feed rate F and miscellaneous function M can be entered and changed in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. The coordinates of the straight-line end point and the components of the surface-normal vectors are to be defined by the CAD system. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 100: Working With Cutting Data Tables

    5.5 Working with Cutting Data Tables DATEI: TOOL.T CUT. TYP TMAT MILL PRO1 The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for the use of cutting data tables. Some functions or additional functions described here DATEI: PRO1.CDT may not be provided on your machine tool.
  • Page 101 Otherwise your changes will be overwritten during a software update by the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the TNC.SYS file with the code word WMAT= (see ”Configuration File TNC.SYS” later in this chapter).
  • Page 102 Otherwise your changes will be overwritten during a software update by the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the TNC.SYS file with the code word TMAT= (see ”Configuration File TNC.SYS” later in this chapter).
  • Page 103 Name of the cutting data table for which this tool will be used - under CDT In the tool table, select the tool type, tool cutting material and the name of the cutting data table via soft key (see „5.2 Tool Data“). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 104 Working with automatic speed/feed rate calculation Structure command Meaning If it has not already been entered, enter the type of workpiece Column number material in the file WMAT.TAB If it has not already been entered, enter the type of cutting NAME Overview of columns material in the file TMAT.TAB...
  • Page 105 The TNC.SYS file must be stored in the root directory TNC:\. Entries in TNC.SYS Meaning WMAT= Path for workpiece material table TMAT= Path for cutting material table PCDT= Path for cutting data tables Example of TNC.SYS: WMAT=TNC:\CUTTAB\WMAT_GB.TAB TMAT=TNC:\CUTTAB\TMAT_GB.TAB PCDT=TNC:\CUTTAB\ HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 106 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 107 Programming: Programming Contours www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 108: Programming: Programming Contours

    6.1 Overview of Tool Movements Path functions A workpiece contour is usually composed of several contour elements such as straight lines and circular arcs. With the path functions, you can program the tool movements for straight lines and circular arcs. Free contour (FK) programming If a production drawing is not dimensioned for NC and the dimensions given are not sufficient for creating a part program, you...

  • Page 109: Fundamentals Of Path Functions

    X=70, Y=50. See figure at center right. Three-dimensional movement The program block contains three coordinates. The TNC thus moves the tool in space to the programmed position. Example: X+80 Y+0 Z-10 See figure at lower right. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 110 Entering more than three coordinates Machining with 5 axes, for example, moves 3 linear and 2 rotary axes simultaneously. Such programs are too complex to program at the machine, however, and are usually created with a CAD system. Example: X+20 Y+10 Z+2 A+15 C+6 R0 F100 M3 The TNC graphics cannot simulate movements in more than three axes.
  • Page 111 FAUTO soft key. Miscellaneous function M ? < Enter a miscellaneous function (here, M3), and terminate the dialog with ENT. The part program now contains the following line: X+10 Y+5 R F100 M3 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 112: Contour Approach And Departure

    6.3 Contour Approach and Departure Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure The functions for contour approach and departure are activated with the APPR/DEP key. You can then select the desired path function with the corresponding soft key: Function Soft keys: Approach Departure Straight line with tangential connection...

  • Page 113: Approaching On A Straight Line With Tangential Connection: Appr Lt

    8 APPR T X+20 Y+20 Z-10 EN15 RR F100 with radius comp. RR, distance P to P : LEN=15 X+35 Y+35 End point of the first contour element Next contour element HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 114: Approaching On A Straight Line Perpendicular To The First Contour Point: Appr Ln

    Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point P to an auxiliary point P . It then moves from P to the first contour point P on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour element.

  • Page 115: Appr Lct

    X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Approach P without radius compensation 8 APPR CT X+10 Y+20 Z-10 R10 RR F100 with radius compensation RR, radius R=10 X+20 Y+35 End point of the first contour element Next contour element HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 116: Departing Tangentially On A Straight Line: Dep Lt

    Departing tangentially on a straight line: DEP LT The TNC move the tool on a straight line from the last contour point P to the end point P . The line lies in the extension of the last contour element. P is located at the distance LEN from P Program the last contour element with the end point P radius compensation.

  • Page 117: Departing Tangentially On A Circular Arc: Dep Ct

    Last contour element: P with radius compensation 24 DEP CT X+10 Y+12 R+8 F100 Coordinates P , arc radius = 10 mm Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 118: Path Contours - Cartesian Coordinates

    6.4 Path Contours — Cartesian Coordinates Overview of path functions Function Path function key Tool movement Required input Line L Straight line Coordinates of the straight-line end point CHamFer Chamfer between two straight lines Chamfer side length Circle Center No tool movement Coordinates of the circle center or pole Circle...

  • Page 119: Straight Line L

    An inside chamfer must be large enough to accommodate the current tool. Chamfer side length: Enter the length of the chamfer Further entries, if necessary: Feed rate F (only effective in CHF block) Please observe the notes on the next page! HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 120: Circle Center Cc

    Example NC blocks X+0 Y+30 R F300 M3 X+40 IY+5 9 CHF 12 F250 IX+5 Y+0 You cannot start a contour with a CHF block. A chamfer is possible only in the working plane. A feed rate programmed in the CHF block is effective only in that block.

  • Page 121: Circular Path C Around Circle Center Cc

    Enter the same point you used as the starting point for the end point in a C block. The starting and end points of the arc must lie on the circle. DR– Input tolerance: up to 0.016 mm (selected with MP7431). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 122: Circular Path Cr With Defined Radius

    Circular path CR with defined radius The tool moves on a circular path with the radius R. Enter the coordinates of the arc end point. Radius R Note: The algebraic sign determines the size of the arc. Direction of rotation DR Note: The algebraic sign determines whether the arc is concave or convex.

  • Page 123: Circular Path Ct With Tangential Connection

    9 CT X+45 Y+20 A tangential arc is a two-dimensional operation: the coordinates in the CT block and in the contour element preceding it must be in the same plane of the arc. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 124: Corner Rounding Rnd

    Corner Rounding RND The RND function is used for rounding off corners. The tool moves on an arc that is tangentially connected to both the preceding and subsequent contour elements. The rounding arc must be large enough to accommodate the tool. Rounding-off radius: Enter the radius of the arc.

  • Page 125: Example: Linear Movements And Chamfers With Cartesian Coordinates

    Move to last contour point 1, second straight line for corner 4 EN10 F1000 Depart the contour on a straight line with tangential connection Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM INEAR MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 126: Example: Circular Movements With Cartesian Coordinates

    Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates BEGIN PGM CIRCU AR MM B K FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define blank form for graphic workpiece simulation B K FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 DEF 1 +0 R+10 Define tool in the program 1 Z S4000...

  • Page 127: Example: Full Circle With Cartesian Coordinates

    Move to the circle end point (= circle starting point) CT X-40 Y+50 R5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM CCC MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 128: Polar Coordinate Origin: Pole Cc

    6.5 Path Contours— Polar Coordinates With polar coordinates you can define a position in terms of its angle PA and its distance PR relative to a previously defined pole CC. See section ”4.1 Fundamentals of NC. ” Polar coordinates are useful with: Positions on circular arcs Workpiece drawing dimensions in degrees, e.g.

  • Page 129: Straight Line Lp

    –5400° and +5400° Direction of rotation DR Example NC blocks 18 CC X+25 Y+25 P PR+20 PA+0 RR F250 M3 20 CP PA+180 DR+ For incremental coordinates, enter the same sign for DR and PA. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 130: Circular Path Ctp With Tangential Connection

    Circular path CTP with tangential connection The tool moves on a circular path, starting tangentially from a preceding contour element. Polar coordinates radius PR: Distance from the arc 120° end point to the pole CC. Polar coordinates angle PA: Angular position of the arc end point.
  • Page 131 Counterclockwise helix: DR+ Radius compensation RL/RR/R0 Enter the radius compensation according to the table above. Example NC blocks 12 CC X+40 Y+25 13 Z+0 F100 M3 P PR+3 PA+270 R 15 CP IPA–1800 IZ+5 DR– HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 132: Example: Linear Movement With Polar Coordinates

    Example: Linear movement with polar coordinates 60° BEGIN PGM INEARPO MM B K FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank B K FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 DEF 1 +0 R+7.5 Define the tool 1 Z S4000 tool call CC X+50 Y+50 Define the datum for polar coordinates...

  • Page 133: Example: Helix

    Identify beginning of program section repeat CP IPA+360 IZ+1.5 DR+ F200 Enter the thread pitch as an incremental IZ dimension 1 REP 24 Program the number of repeats (thread revolutions) DEP CT CCA180 R+2 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 134: Path Contours - Fk Free Contour Programming

    If you wish to run FK programs on old TNC models, use the conversion function (see „4.3 Standard File Management; Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format“). Graphics during FK programming If you wish to use graphic support during FK programming, select the PGM + GRAPHICS screen layout (see „1.3 Modes of Operation, Soft keys for...

  • Page 135: Initiating The Fk Dialog

    NC block with the gray path function keys to fully define the direction of contour approach. Do not program an FK contour immediately after an LBL label. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 136: Free Programming Of Straight Lines

    Free programming of straight lines Known data Soft key To display the soft keys for free contour programming, X coordinate of the straight-line end point press the FK key To initiate the dialog for free programming of straight Y coordinate of the straight-line end point lines, press the FL soft key.
  • Page 137 CC block after the FK contour. Resulting NC blocks for FL, FPOL and FCT 7 FPO X+20 Y+30 IX+10 Y+20 RR F100 9 FCT PR+15 IPA+30 DR+ R15 See figure at lower right. 30° HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 138: Auxiliary Points

    Auxiliary points Auxiliary points on a straight line Soft key You can enter the coordinates of auxiliary points that are located on X coordinate auxiliary point P1 or P2 the contour or in its proximity for both free-programmed straight lines and free-programmed circular arcs. The soft keys are available as soon as you initiate the FK dialog with the FL, FLT, FC or FCT soft Y coordinate auxiliary point P1 or P2 key.

  • Page 139: Relative Data

    Coordinates relative to an end point of block N Change in the polar coordinate radius relative to block N Change in the polar coordinate angle relative to block N Angle between the entry tangent of the arc and another contour element HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 140 Relative data for circle center coordinates Soft key CC coordinates relative to an end point of block N Change in the polar coordinate radius relative to block N 45° Change in the polar coordinate angle relative to block N 90° 20°...

  • Page 141: Closed Contours

    Enter CLSD as an addition to another contour data entry in the first and last blocks of an FK section. CLSD+ Converting FK programs You can convert an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format by using the file manager: CLSD– Call the file manager and display the files.

  • Page 142: Example: Fk Programming 1

    Example: FK programming 1 BEGIN PGM FK1 MM B K FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank B K FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 DEF 1 +0 R+10 Define the tool 1 Z S500 tool call Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool X-20 Y+30 R0 F MAX Pre-position the tool...

  • Page 143: Example: Fk Programming 2

    FSE ECT 2 CT X+30 Y+30 R5 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM FK2 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 144: Example: Fk Programming 3

    Example: FK programming 3 Example: FK programming 3 BEGIN PGM FK3 MM B K FORM 0.1 Z X-45 Y-45 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank B K FORM 0.2 X+120 Y+70 Z+0 DEF 1 +0 R+3 Define the tool 1 Z S4500 Call the tool Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool...
  • Page 145 DEP CT CCA90 R+5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection X-70 R0 F MAX Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM FK3 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 146: Path Contours - Spline Interpolation

    6.7 Path Contours - Spline Interpolation If you wish to machine contours that are described in a CAD system as splines, you can transfer them directly to the TNC and execute them. The TNC features a spline interpolator for executing third- degree polynomials in two, three, four, or five axes.
  • Page 147 Input ranges Spline end point: -99 999.9999 to +99 999.9999 Spline parameter K: -9.999 999 99 to +9.999 999 99 Exponent for spline parameter K: -255 to +255 (whole number). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 148 Programming: Miscellaneous functions www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 149: Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

    7.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP With the TNC's miscellaneous functions - also called M functions - you can affect: Program run, e.g., a program interruption Machine functions, such as switching spindle rotation and coolant supply on and off Contouring behavior of the tool The machine tool builder may add some M functions that are not described in this User's Manual.

  • Page 150: Miscellaneous Functions For Program Run Control, Spindle And Coolant

    Machine datum The machine datum is required for the following tasks: Defining the limits of traverse (software limit switches) Moving to machine-referenced positions (such as tool change positions) Setting the workpiece datum HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 151 The distance in each axis from the scale reference point to the M91/M92 in the test run mode machine datum is defined by the machine tool builder in a machine In order to be able to graphically simulate M91/M92 parameter. movements, you need to activate working space monitoring and display the workpiece blank referenced to the set datum (see Chapter „12.8...
  • Page 152 The TNC then positions the (tilted) tool to the programmed coordinates of the untilted system. Effect M130 functions only in straight-line blocks without tool radius compensationand in blocks in which M130 is programmed. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 153: Miscellaneous Functions For Contouring Behavior

    7.4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior Smoothing corners: M90 Standard behavior The TNC stops the tool briefly in positioning blocks without tool radius compensation. This is called an accurate stop. In program blocks with radius compensation (RR/RL), the TNC automatically inserts a transition arc at outside corners. Behavior with M90 The tool moves at corners with constant speed: This provides a smoother, more continuous surface.

  • Page 154: Insert Rounding Arc Between Straight Lines: M112

    Machine small contour step 13 to 14 L IX+100 ... Move to contour point 15 L IY+0.5 ... R .. F.. Machine small contour step 15 to 16 L X .. Y ... Move to contour point 17 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 155: Machining Open Contours: M98

    Machining open contours: M98 Standard behavior The TNC calculates the intersections of the cutter paths at inside corners and moves the tool in the new direction at those points. If the contour is open at the corners, however, this will result in incomplete machining (see figure at upper right).

  • Page 156: Feed Rate Factor For Plunging Movements: M103

    L X+20 Y+20 RL F500 103 F20 L Y+50 L IZ–2.5 20 L IY+5 IZ–5 21 L IX+50 22 L Z+5 M103 is activated with machine parameter 7440; see section 13.1 “General User Parameters. ” HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 157: Calculating The Radius-Compensated Path In Advance (Look Ahead): M120

    Feed rate at circular arcs: M109/M110/M111 Standard behavior The TNC applies the programmed feed rate to the path of the tool center. Behavior at circular arcs with M109 The TNC adjusts the feed rate for circular arcs at inside and outside contours such that the feed rate at the tool cutting edge remains constant.

  • Page 158: Superimposing Handwheel Positioning During Program Run: M118

    ASCII keyboard. Effect Cancel handwheel positioning by programming M118 once again without X, Y and Z. M118 becomes effective at the start of block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 159: Miscellaneous Functions For Rotary Axes

    7.5 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 Standard behavior The TNC interprets the programmed feed rate in a rotary axis in degrees per minute. The contouring feed rate therefore depends on the distance from the tool center to the center of the rotary axis.

  • Page 160: Reducing Display Of A Rotary Axis To A Value Less Than 360°: M94

    To reduce display of all active rotary axes and then move the tool in the C axis to the programmed value: L C+180 F AX Effect M94 is effective only in the block in which M94 is programmed. M94 becomes effective at the start of block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 161: Automatic Compensation Of Machine Geometry When Working With Tilted Axes: M114

    Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes: M114 Standard behavior The TNC moves the tool to the positions given in the part program. If the position of a tilted axis changes in the program, the resulting offset in the linear axes must be calculated by a postprocessor (see figure at top right) and traversed in a positioning block.

  • Page 162: Maintaining The Position Of The Tool Tip When Positioning With Tilted Axes (Tcpm*): M128

    The machine geometry must be entered in machine parameters 7510 ff. by the machine tool builder. *) TCPM = Tool Center Point Management HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 163: Exact Stop At Corners With Nontangential Transitions: M134

    Exact stop at corners with nontangential transitions: M134 Standard behavior The standard behavior of the TNC during positioning with rotary axes is to insert a transitional element in nontangential contour transitions. The contour of the transitional element depends on the acceleration, the rate of acceleration (jerk), and the defined tolerance for contour deviation.

  • Page 164: Miscellaneous Functions For Laser Cutting Machines

    FNR from which the TNC is to determine the output voltage. Input range: 1 to 3 Effect M202 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200, M201, M202, M203 or M204. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 165 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 166: Programming: Cycles

    Programming: Cycles www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 167: General Information On Cycles

    8.1 General Information on Cycles Group of Cycles Soft key Cycles for peck drilling, reaming, Frequently recurring machining cycles that comprise several boring, counterboring, tapping working steps are stored in the TNC memory as standard cycles. and thread cutting Coordinate transformations and other special cycles are also provided as standard cycles.
  • Page 168 If the TNC is to execute the cycle automatically after every positioning block, program the cycle call with M89 (depending on machine parameter 7440). To cancel M89, enter M99 or CYCL CALL or CYCL DEF HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 169: Drilling Cycles

    8.2 Drilling Cycles The TNC offers 9 cycles for all types of drilling operations: Cycle Soft key 1 PECKING Without automatic pre-positioning 200 DRILLING With automatic pre-positioning and 2nd set-up clearance 201 REAMING With automatic pre-positioning and 2nd set-up clearance 202 BORING With automatic pre-positioning and 2nd set-up clearance...
  • Page 170 Dwell time in seconds: Amount of time the tool remains at the total hole depth for chip breaking Feed rate F: Traversing speed of the tool during drilling in mm/min HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 171: Drilling (Cycle 200)

    DRILLING (Cycle 200) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX Q206 to set-up clearance above the workpiece surface. 2 The tool drills to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate F . Q210 Q204 3 The TNC returns the tool at FMAX to the setup clearance, dwells...

  • Page 172: Reaming (Cycle 201)

    Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 (absolute value): Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can occur. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 173: Boring (Cycle 202)

    BORING (Cycle 202) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the Q206 machine tool builder to enable Cycle 202. 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to set-up clearance above the workpiece surface. Q204 Q200 Q203...

  • Page 174: Universal Drilling (Cycle 203)

    DWELL TIME to cut free, and then retracts to set-up clearance at the retraction feed rate. If you have entered a 2nd set-up clearance, the tool subsequently moves to that position in FMAX. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 175 Before programming, note the following: Program a positioning block for the starting point (hole Q206 Q208 center) in the working plane with RADIUS COMPENSATION R0. Q210 The algebraic sign for the cycle parameter TOTAL HOLE DEPTH determines the working direction. Q204 Q200 Q203...

  • Page 176: Back Boring (Cycle 204)

    When calculating the starting point for boring, the TNC considers the tooth length of the boring bar and the thickness of the material. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 177 Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface. Depth of counterbore Q249 (incremental value): Distance between underside of workpiece and the top of the hole. A positive sign means the hole will be bored in the positive spindle axis direction. Q204 Material thickness Q250 (incremental value): Thickness Q200...

  • Page 178: Tapping With A Floating Tap Holder (Cycle 2)

    Retracting after a program interruption If you interrupt program run during tapping with the machine stop button, the TNC will display a soft key with which you can retract the tool. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 179: Rigid Tapping (Cycle 17)

    RIGID TAPPING (Cycle 17) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder to enable rigid tapping. The TNC cuts the thread without a floating tap holder in one or more passes. Rigid tapping offers the following advantages over tapping with a floating tap holder Higher machining speeds possible Repeated tapping of the same thread is possible;...

  • Page 180: Thread Cutting (Cycle 18)

    PITCH : Pitch of the thread. The algebraic sign differentiates between right-hand and left-hand threads: + = right-hand thread (M3 with negative depth) – = left-hand thread (M4 with negative depth) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 181: Example: Drilling Cycles

    Example: Drilling cycles BEGIN PGM 200 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+3 Define the tool TOOL ALL 1 Z S4500 Call the tool L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool Y L DEF 200 DRILLING...
  • Page 182 L Z-30 R0 F1000 Move to starting depth L IX+2 Reset the tool to hole center Call Cycle 18 L Z+5 R0 F MAX Retract tool LBL 0 End of subprogram 1 END PGM 18 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 183: Cycles For Milling Pockets, Studs And Slots

    8.3 Cycles for milling pockets, studs and slots Cycle Soft key 4 POCKET MILLING (rectangular) Roughing cycle without automatic pre-positioning 212 POCKET FINISHING (rectangular) Finishing cycle with automatic pre-positioning and 2nd set-up clearance 213 STUD FINISHING (rectangular) Finishing cycle with automatic pre-positioning and 2nd set-up clearance 5 CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING Roughing cycle without automatic pre-positioning...

  • Page 184: Pocket Milling (Cycle 4)

    1st side length : Pocket length, parallel to the main axis of the working plane 2nd side length : Pocket width Feed rate F: Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 185: Pocket Finishing (Cycle 212)

    Direction of the milling path DR + : climb milling with M3 DR – : up-cut milling with M3 Rounding radius: Radius of the pocket corners. If radius = 0 is entered, the pocket corners will be rounded with the radius of the cutter. Calculations: Stepover factor k = K x R where...
  • Page 186 OORDINATE Q204=50 ;2. SET-UP LEARAN E Q216=+50 ; ENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q217=+50 ; ENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q218=80 ;1ST SIDE LENGTH Q219=60 ;2ND SIDE LENGTH Q220=5 ; ORNER RADIUS Q221=0 ;ALLOWAN E HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 187: Stud Finishing (Cycle 213)

    STUD FINISHING (Cycle 213) 1 The TNC moves the tool in the tool axis to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance, and subsequently to the center of the stud. 2 From the stud center, the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining.

  • Page 188: Circular Pocket Milling (Cycle 5)

    (set-up clearance above the workpiece surface). The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction. This cycle requires a center-cut end mill (ISO 1641), or pilot drilling at the pocket center. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 189 Setup clearance (incremental value): Distance between tool tip (at starting position) and workpiece surface Milling depth (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Plunging depth (incremental value): Infeed per cut. The tool will advance to the depth in one movement if: n the plunging depth equals the depth n the plunging depth is greater than the depth...

  • Page 190: Circular Pocket Finishing (Cycle 214)

    Feed rate for milling Q207: Traversing speed of the Q204=50 ;2. SET-UP LEARAN E tool in mm/min while milling. Q216=+50 ; ENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q217=+50 ; ENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q222=79 ;WORKPIE E BLANK DIA. Q223=80 ;FINISHED PART DIA. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 191: Circular Stud Finishing (Cycle 215)

    Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 (absolute value): Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can occur. Q207 Center in 1st axis Q216 (absolute value): Center of the pocket in the main axis of the working plane Q217 Center in 2nd axis Q217 (absolute value): Center of the...
  • Page 192 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q203=+0 ;SURFA E OORDINATE Q204=50 ;2. SET-UP LEARAN E Q216=+50 ; ENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q217=+50 ; ENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q222=81 ;WORKPIE E BLANK DIA. Q223=80 ;FINISHED PART DIA. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 193: Slot Milling (Cycle 3)

    SLOT MILLING (Cycle 3) Roughing process 1 The TNC moves the tool inward by the milling allowance (half the difference between the slot width and the tool diameter). From there it plunge-cuts into the workpiece and mills in the longitudi- nal direction of the slot.

  • Page 194: Slot With Reciprocating Plunge-Cut (Cycle 210)

    7 At the end of the cycle, the tool is retracted in rapid traverse FMAX to set-up clearance and — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 195 Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface. Depth Q201 (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of slot Feed rate for milling Q207: Traversing speed of the tool in mm/min while milling. Q207 Plunging depth Q202 (incremental value): Total extent Q204 Q200 by which the tool is fed in the tool axis during a...

  • Page 196: Circular Slot With Reciprocating Plunge-Cut (Cycle 211)

    The cutter diameter must not be larger than the slot width and not smaller than a third of the slot width. The cutter diameter must be smaller than half the slot length. The TNC otherwise cannot execute this cycle. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 197 Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface. Depth Q201 (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of slot Q248 Feed rate for milling Q207: Traversing speed of the Q219 tool in mm/min while milling. Q245 Plunging depth Q202 (incremental value): Total extent Q217...

  • Page 198: Example: Milling Pockets, Studs And Slots

    ; ENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q217=+50 ; ENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q218=90 ;FIRST SIDE LENGTH Q219=80 ;SE OND SIDE LENGTH Q220=0 ; ORNER RADIUS Q221=5 ;ALLOWAN E ALL M3 Call cycle for machining the contour outside HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 199 Y L DEF 5.0 IR ULAR PO KET Define CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING cycle Y L DEF 5.1 SET UP 2 Y L DEF 5.2 DEPTH -30 Y L DEF 5.3 PLNGNG 5 F250 Y L DEF 5.4 RADIUS 25 Y L DEF 5.5 F400 DR+ L Z+2 R0 F MAX M99 Call CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING cycle L Z+250 R0 F MAX M6...

  • Page 200: Cycles For Machining Hole Patterns

    Cycle 201 REAMING Cycle 202 BORING Cycle 203 UNIVERSAL MILLING CYCLE Cycle 204 BACK BORING Cycle 212 POCKET FINISHING Cycle 213 STUD FINISHING Cycle 214 CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING Cycle 215 CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 201: Circular Pattern (Cycle 220)

    CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220) 1 At rapid traverse, the TNC moves the tool from its current position to the starting point for the first machining operation. The tool is positioned in the following sequence: Move to 2nd set-up clearance (tool axis) Approach starting point in the working plane Q204 Q200...

  • Page 202: Linear Pattern (Cycle 221)

    6 From this position, the tool approaches the starting point for the next machining operation in the negative main axis direction. 7 This process (6) is repeated until all machining operations in the second line have been executed. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 203 8 The tool then moves to the starting point of the next line. 9 All subsequent lines are processed in a reciprocating movement. Starting point 1st axis Q225 (absolute value): Q238 Coordinate of the starting point in the main axis of the working plane Starting point 2nd axis Q226 (absolute value): Coordinate of the starting point in the secondary axis...

  • Page 204: Example: Circular Hole Patterns

    Y L DEF 200 DRILLING Cycle definition: drilling Q200=2 ;SET-UP LEARAN E Q201=-15 ;DEPTH Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Q202=4 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP Q203=+0 ;SURFA E OORDINATE Q204=10 ;2ND SET-UP LEARAN E HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 205 Y L DEF 220 POLAR PATTERN Define cycle for circular pattern 1, CYCL 200 is called automatically, Q216=+30 ; ENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q200, Q203 and Q204 are effective as defined in Cycle 220. Q217=+70 ; ENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q244=50 ;PIT H IR LE DIA.

  • Page 206: Cycles

    (for tool axis Z, for example, the arc may be in the Z/ X plane). The contour is machined throughout in either climb or up-cut milling. With MP7420 you can determine where the tool is positioned at the end of Cycles 21 to 24. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 207 The machining data (such as milling depth, finishing allowance and Program structure: Working with SL cycles setup clearance) are entered as CONTOUR DATA in Cycle 20. BEGIN PGM SL2 MM Overview of SL cycles Y L DEF 14.0 contour geometry ... Cycle Soft key Y L DEF 20.0 contour data ...

  • Page 208: Contour Geometry (Cycle 14)

    LBL 1 52 L X+10 Y+50 RR X+35 Y+50 X+10 Y+50 DR- 55 LBL 0 Subprogram 2: Right pocket 56 LBL 2 57 L X+90 Y+50 RR X+65 Y+50 X+90 Y+50 DR- LBL 0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 209 Area of inclusion Both surfaces A and B are to be machined, including the mutually overlapped area: The surfaces A and B must be pockets. The first pocket (in Cycle 14) must start outside the second pocket. Surface A: LBL 1 52 L X+10 Y+50 RR X+35 Y+50 X+10 Y+50 DR-...

  • Page 210: Contour Data (Cycle 20)

    Finishing allowance for side Q3 (incremental value): Finishing allowance in the working plane Finishing allowance for floor Q4 (incremental value): Finishing allowance in the tool axis Workpiece surface coordinate Q5 (absolute value): Absolute coordinate of the workpiece surface HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 211 Set-up clearance Q6 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Clearance height Q7 (absolute value): Absolute height at which the tool cannot collide with the workpiece (for intermediate positioning and retraction at the end of the cycle) Inside corner radius Q8: Inside „corner“ rounding radius;...

  • Page 212: Pilot Drilling (Cycle 21)

    Rough-out tool number Q13: Tool number of the roughing mill Example NC blocks: Y L DEF 21.0 PILOT DRILLING Q10=+5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q13=1 ;ROUGH_OUT TOOL HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 213: Rough-Out (Cycle 22)

    ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22) 1 The TNC positions the tool over the cutter infeed point, taking the allowance for side into account. 2 In the first plunging depth, the tool mills the contour from inside outward at the milling feed rate. 3 First the island contours ( C and D in the figure at right) are rough- milled until the pocket contour ( A , B ) is approached.

  • Page 214: Floor Finishing (Cycle 23)

    Feed rate for milling Q12: Traversing speed for milling Finishing allowance for side Q14 (incremental value): Enter the allowed material for several finish-milling operations. If you enter Q14 = 0, the remaining finishing allowance will be cleared. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 215: Contour Train (Cycle 25)

    CONTOUR TRAIN (Cycle 25) In conjunction with Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY, this cycle facilitates the machining of open contours (where the starting point of the contour is not the same as its end point). Cycle 25 CONTOUR TRAIN offers considerable advantages over machining an open contour using positioning blocks: The TNC monitors the operation to prevent undercuts and surface blemishes.
  • Page 216 Q3=+0 ;ALLOWAN E FOR SIDE Q5=+0 ;SURFA E OORDINATE Q7=+50 ; LEARAN E HEIGHT Q10=+5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q12=350 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q15=+1 ; LIMB OR UP- UT HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 217: Cylinder Surface (Cycle 27)

    CYLINDER SURFACE (Cycle 27) The TNC and the machine tool must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for the use of Cycle 27 . This cycle enables you to program a contour in two dimensions and then roll it onto a cylindrical surface for 3-D machining. The contour is described in a subprogram identified in Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY.
  • Page 218 YLINDER SURFA E Q1=-8 ;MILLING DEPTH Q3=+0 ;ALLOWAN E FOR SIDE Q6=+0 ;SET-UP LEARAN E Q10=+3 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q12=350 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q16=25 ;RADIUS Q17=0 ;DIMENSION TYPE HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 219: Example: Roughing-Out And Fine-Roughing A Pocket

    Example: Roughing-out and fine-roughing a pocket 60° BEGIN PGM 20 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X-10 Y-10 Z-40 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 Define the workpiece blank TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+15 Tool definition: coarse roughing tool TOOL DEF 2 L+0 R+7.5 Tool definition: fine roughing tool TOOL ALL 1 Z S2500...
  • Page 220 FSELE T 3 FPOL X+30 Y+30 DR- R20 PR+55 PA+60 FSELE T 2 FL AN-120 PDX+30 PDY+30 D10 FSELE T 3 X+0 DR- R30 X+30 Y+30 FSELE T 2 LBL 0 END PGM 20 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 221: Example: Pilot Drilling, Roughing-Out And Finishing Overlapping Contours

    Example: Pilot drilling, roughing-out and finishing overlapping contours BEGIN PGM 21 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+6 Tool definition: drill TOOL DEF 2 L+0 R+6 Define the tool for roughing/finishing TOOL ALL 1 Z S2500...
  • Page 222 L X+43 L Y+42 L X+27 LBL 0 LBL 4 Contour subprogram 4: triangular right island L X+65 Y+42 RL L X+57 L X+65 Y+58 L X+73 Y+42 LBL 0 END PGM 21 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 223: Example: Contour Train

    Example: Contour train BEGIN PGM 25 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+10 Define the tool TOOL ALL 1 Z S2000 Call the tool L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool Y L DEF 14.0...
  • Page 224 LBL 1 Contour subprogram L X+0 Y+15 RL L X+5 Y+20 T X+5 Y+75 L Y+95 RND R7.5 L X+50 RND R7.5 L X+100 Y+80 LBL 0 END PGM 25 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 225: Example: Cylinder Surface

    Example: Cylinder surface Cylinder centered on rotary table. Datum at center of rotary table BEGIN PGM 27 MM TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+3.5 Define the tool TOOL ALL 1 Y S2000 Call tool, tool axis is Y L Y+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool L X+0 R0 FMAX Position tool on rotary table center...
  • Page 226 +40 Z+20 RL Data for the rotary axis are entered in mm (Q17=1) RND R7.5 L Z+60 RND R7.5 L I -20 RND R7.5 L Z+20 RND R7.5 LBL 0 END PGM 27 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 227: Cycles For Multipass Milling

    8.6 Cycles for Multipass Milling The TNC offers four cycles for machining surfaces with the following characteristics: Created by digitizing or with a CAD/CAM system Flat, rectangular surfaces Flat, oblique-angled surfaces Surfaces that are inclined in any way Twisted surfaces Cycle Soft key 30 RUN DIGITIZED DATA...
  • Page 228 Y L DEF 30.2 X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Y L DEF 30.3 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 Y L DEF 30.4 SET UP Y L DEF 30.5 PLNGNG +5 F100 Y L DEF 30.6 F350 M8 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 229: Multipass Milling (Cycle 230)

    MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230) 1 From the current position, the TNC positions the tool in rapid traverse in the working plane to the starting position. During this movement, the TNC also offsets the tool by its radius to the left and upward. 2 The tool then moves in FMAX in the tool axis to set-up clearance.
  • Page 230 Q219=75 ;2ND SIDE LENGTH Q240=25 ;NUMBER OF Q206=150 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q207=500 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q209=200 ;STEPOVER FEED RATE Q200=2 ;SET-UP LEARAN E HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 231: Ruled Surface (Cycle 231)

    RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231) 1 From the current position, the TNC positions the tool in a linear 3- D movement to the starting point 2 The tool subsequently advances to the stopping point at the feed rate for milling. 3 From this point, the tool moves in rapid traverse FMAX by the tool diameter in the positive tool axis direction, and then back to starting point 4 At the starting position...
  • Page 232 Feed rate for milling Q207: Traversing speed of the Q236=+35 ;4TH PNT IN 3RD AXIS tool in mm/min while milling. The TNC performs the Q240=40 ;NUMBER OF first step at half the programmed feed rate. Q207=500 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 233: Example: Multipass Milling

    Example: Multipass milling BEGIN PGM 230 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z+0 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+40 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+5 Define the tool TOOL ALL 1 Z S3500 Call the tool L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool Y L DEF 230 MULTIPASS MILLNG...

  • Page 234: Coordinate Transformation Cycles

    Define cycles for basic behavior with a new value, such as scaling factor 1.0 Execute a miscellaneous function M02, M30, or an END PGM block (depending on machine parameter 7300) Select a new program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 235: Datum Shift (Cycle 7)

    DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7) A datum shift allows machining operations to be repeated at various locations on the workpiece. Effect When the DATUM SHIFT cycle is defined, all coordinate data is based on the new datum. The TNC displays the datum shift in each axis in the additional status display.

  • Page 236: Datum Shift With Datum Tables (Cycle 7)

    Y L DEF 7.1 #12 Cancellation Call a datum shift to the coordinates X=0; Y=0 etc. from a datum table. Execute a datum shift to the coordinates X=0; Y=0 etc. directly via cycle definition. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 237 Status Displays If datums in the table are referenced to the machine datum, then: The actual position values are referenced to the active (shifted) datum. All of the position values shown in the additional status display are referenced to the machine datum, whereby the TNC accounts for the manually set datum.
  • Page 238 To activate a datum table in the program run or test run operating modes, proceed as described under the section „Editing Datum Tables“ . Instead of entering a new name, press the SELECT soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 239: Mirror Image (Cycle 8)

    MIRROR IMAGE (Cycle 8) The TNC can machine the mirror image of a contour in the working plane. See figure at upper right. Effect The MIRROR IMAGE cycle becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program. It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation.

  • Page 240: Rotation (Cycle 10)

    –360° to +360° (absolute or incremental). Example NC blocks: Y L DEF 10.0 ROTATION Y L DEF 10.1 ROT+12.357 Cancellation Program the ROTATION cycle once again with a rotation angle of 0°. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 241: Scaling Factor (Cycle 11)

    SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11) The TNC can increase or reduce the size of contours within a program, enabling you to program shrinkage and oversize allowances. Effect The SCALING FACTOR becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program. It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation.

  • Page 242: Axis-Specific Scaling (Cycle 26)

    Reduce Y axis by factor 0.6 Center at CCX = 15 mm CCY = 20 mm Resulting NC blocks Y L DEF 26.0 axis-spec. scaling Y L DEF 26.1 X1.4 Y0.6 X+15 Y+20 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 243: Working Plane (Cycle 19)

    WORKING PLANE (Cycle 19) The functions for tilting the working plane are interfaced to the TNC and the machine tool by the machine tool builder. With some swivel heads and tilting tables, the machine tool builder determines whether the entered angles are interpreted as coordinates of the tilt axes or as solid angles.
  • Page 244 Define the angle for calculation of the compensation Y L DEF 19.1 A+15 L Z+80 R0 FMAX Activate compensation for the tool axis L X-7.5 Y-10 R0 FMAX Activate compensation for the working plane HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 245 Position display in the tilted system On activation of Cycle 19, the displayed positions (ACTL. and NOML.) and the datum indicated in the additional status display are referenced to the tilted coordinate system. The positions displayed immediately after cycle definition may not be the same as the coordinates of the last programmed position before Cycle 19.
  • Page 246 If the axes are not controlled, the angular values entered in the menu must correspond to the actual position(s) of the tilted axis or axes, respectively. The TNC will otherwise calculate a wrong datum. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 247 (see section 2.4 “Setting the Datum Without a 3-D Touch Probe”) Automatically by using a HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probe (see the new Touch Probe Cycles Manual, chapter 2) 6 Start the part program in the operating mode Program Run,...

  • Page 248: Example: Coordinate Transformation Cycles

    Y L DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift Y L DEF 7.1 X+0 Y L DEF 7.2 Y+0 L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 249 LBL 1 Subprogram 1: L X+0 Y+0 R0 F MAX Define milling operation L Z+2 R0 F MAX M3 L Z-5 R0 F200 L X+30 RL L IY+10 RND R5 L IX+20 L IX+10 IY-10 RND R5 L IX-10 IY-10 L IX-20 L IY+10 L X+0 Y+0 R0 F500...

  • Page 250: Special Cycles

    Example NC blocks Y L DEF 12.0 PGM The program is called with Y L DEF 12.1 PGM \KLAR35\FK1\50.H CYCL CALL (separate block) or L X+20 Y+50 FMAX M99 M99 (blockwise) or M89 (modally) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 251: Oriented Spindle Stop (Cycle 13)

    Oriented spindle stops are required for Tool changing systems with a defined tool change position Orientation of the transmitter/receiver window of HEIDENHAIN 3- D touch probes with infrared transmission Effect The angle of orientation defined in the cycle is positioned to by entering M19 or M20 (depending on the machine).

  • Page 252: Tolerance (Cycle 32)

    TOLERANCE VALUE with NO ENT. Resetting Cycle 32 reactivates the pre-set tolerance: Tolerance value: Permissible contour deviation in mm Example NC blocks Y L DEF 32.0 TOLERAN E Y L DEF 32.1 T0.05 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 253 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 254 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 255: Programming: Subprograms And Program Section Repeats

    9.1 Marking Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a machining sequence once and then run it as often as desired. Labels The beginnings of subprograms and program section repeats are marked in a part program by labels. A label is identified by a number between 1 and 254.

  • Page 256: Program Section Repeats

    The number behind the slash after REP indicates the number of repetitions remaining to be run. The total number of times the program section is executed is always one more than the programmed number of repeats. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 257: Program As Subprogram

    Programming a program section repeat To mark the beginning, press the LBL SET key and enter a LABEL NUMBER for the program section you wish to repeat. Enter the program section. Calling a program section repeat Press the LBL CALL key and enter the label number of the program section you want to repeat as well as the number of repeats (with Repeat REP).

  • Page 258: Nesting

    LBL 1 Beginning of subprogram 1 CALL LBL 2 Call the subprogram marked with LBL2 End of subprogram 1 LBL 2 Beginning of subprogram 2 End of subprogram 2 END PGM SUBPGM MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 259: Repeating Program Section Repeats

    Program execution 1st step: Main program UPGMS is executed up to block 17 . 2nd step: Subprogram 1 is called, and executed up to block 39. 3rd step: Subprogram 2 is called, and executed up to block 62. End of subprogram 2 and return jump to the subprogram from which it was called.

  • Page 260: Repeating A Subprogram

    3rd step: Program section between block 12 and block 10 is repeated twice. This means that subprogram 2 is repeated twice. 4th step: Main program UPGREP is executed from block 13 to block 19. End of program. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 261: Example: Milling A Contour In Several Infeeds

    Example: Milling a contour in several infeeds Example: Milling a contour in several infeeds Program sequence Pre-position the tool to the workpiece surface Enter the infeed depth in incremental values Mill the contour Repeat downfeed and contour-milling BEGIN PGM PGMWDH MM BLK FORM .1 Z X+ BLK FORM...

  • Page 262: Example: Groups Of Holes

    11 L X+75 Y+1 F MAX Move to starting point for group 3 12 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group 13 L Z+25 F MAX M2 End of main program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 263: Example: Groups Of Holes With Several Tools

    LBL 1 Beginning of subprogram 1: Group of holes CYCL CALL 1st hole L IX+2 F MAX M99 Move to 2nd hole, call cycle L IY+2 F MAX M99 Move to 3rd hole, call cycle L IX-2 F MAX M99 Move to 4th hole, call cycle End of subprogram 1 END PGM UP1 MM...
  • Page 264 Move to 2nd hole, call cycle L IY+2 F MAX M99 Move to 3rd hole, call cycle L IX-2 F MAX M99 Move to 4th hole, call cycle End of subprogram 2 END PGM UP2 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 265 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 266 Programming: Q Parameters www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 267: Programming: Q Parameters

    10.1 Principle and Overview You can program an entire family of parts in a single part program. You do this by entering variables called Q parameters instead of fixed numerical values. Q parameters can represent information such as: Coordinate values Feed rates Cycle data Q parameters also enable you to program contours that are defined...
  • Page 268 The TNC then displays the following soft keys: Function group Soft key Basic arithmetic (assign, add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root) Trigonometric functions Function for calculating circles If/then conditions, jumps Other functions Entering Formulas Directly HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 269: Part Families - Q Parameters In Place Of Numerical Values

    10.2 Part Families — Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values The Q parameter function FN0: ASSIGN assigns numerical values to Q parameters. This enables you to use variables in the program instead of fixed numerical values. Example NC blocks 5 FN0: Q 0 = 25 ASSIGN: Q 0 contains the value 25...

  • Page 270: Describing Contours Through Mathematical Functions

    At right of the „=“ character you can enter the following: Two numbers Two Q parameters A number and a Q parameter The Q parameters and numerical values in the equations can be entered with positive or negative signs. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 271 Example: Programming fundamental operations To select the Q parameter functions, press the Q key. < To select the mathematical functions: Press the BASIC ARITHMETIC < To select the Q parameter function ASSIGN, press the FN0 X = Y soft key. Parameter number for result? <...

  • Page 272: Trigonometric Functions

    Example: FN13: Q20 = +10 ANG–Q1 Calculate the angle from the arc tangent of two sides or from the sine and cosine of the angle (0 < angle < 360°) and assign it to a parameter. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 273: Calculating Circles

    10.5 Calculating Circles The TNC can use the functions for calculating circles to calculate the circle center and the circle radius from three or four given points on the circle. The calculation is more accurate if four points are used. Application: These functions can be used if you wish to determine the location and size of a bore hole or a pitch circle using the programmable probing function.

  • Page 274: If-Then Decisions With Q Parameters

    FN12: IF LESS THAN, JUMP Example: FN12: IF+Q5 LT+0 GOTO LBL 1 If the first value or parameter is less than the second value or parameter, jump to the given label. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 275: Checking And Changing Q Parameters

    Abbreviations used: Equals Not equal Greater than Less than GOTO Go to 10.7 Checking and Changing Q Parameters During a program run or test run, you can check or change Q parameters if necessary. If you are in a program run, interrupt it (for example by pressing the machine STOP button and the INTERNAL STOP soft key).

  • Page 276: Additional Functions

    The messages were preprogrammed by the 1031 Q205 not defined machine tool builder or by HEIDENHAIN. If the TNC encounters a 1032 Enter Q218 greater than Q219 block with FN 14 during program run, it will interrupt the run and...
  • Page 277 Range of error numbers Standard dialog text 0 ... 299 FN 14: Error code 0 ..299 300 ... 999 Machine-dependent dialog 1000 ... 1099 Internal error messages (see table at right) FN15: PRINT Unformatted output of texts or Q parameter values Setting the data interface: In the menu option PRINT or PRINT-TEST, you must enter the path for storing the texts or Q parameters.
  • Page 278 %5.3LF Define format for Q parameter: (long, floating):5 places before and 4 places behind the decimal point Format for text variable Separator between output format and parameter End of block character HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 279 The following functions allow you to include the following additio- To activate output, program FN16: F-PRINT in the nal information in the protocol log file: part program: 96 FN 6:F-PRINT TNC:\MASKE\MASKE .A / Code word Function RS232:\PROT .TXT CALL_PATH Gives the path for the NC program where you will find the FN16 function.
  • Page 280 Direction of rotation for active fixed cycle – Dwell time for active fixed cycle – Thread pitch for Cycles 17 , 18 – Milling allowance for active fixed cycle – Direction angle for rough out in active fixed cycle HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 281 Group name, ID No. Number Index System data Data from the tool table, 50 Tool no. Tool length Tool no. Tool radius Tool no. Tool radius R2 Tool no. Oversize for tool length DL Tool no. Oversize for tool radius DR Tool no.
  • Page 282 Touch probe axis – Effective ball radius – Effective length – Radius setting ring Center misalignment in main axis Center misalignment in secondary axis – Direction of center misalignment compared with 0° position HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 283 Group name, ID No. Number Index System data Tool touch probe 120 Center point X-axis (REF system) Center point Y-axis (REF system) Center point Z-axis (REF system) – Probe contact radius Measuring touch probe, 350 – Calibrated stylus length – Stylus radius 1 –...
  • Page 284 Less than < Greater than > Less than or equal <= Greater than or equal >= Example: Stop program run until the PLC sets marker 4095 to 1 32 FN20: WAIT FOR M4095== HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 285: Entering Formulas Directly

    10.9 Entering Formulas Directly You can enter mathematical formulas that include several operations directly into the part program by soft key. Entering formulas Press the FORMULA soft key to call the formula functions. The TNC displays the following soft keys in several soft-key rows: Mathematical function Soft key Addition...
  • Page 286 Drop places after the decimal point (form an integer) Example: Q3 = INT Q42 Absolute value Example: Q4 = ABS Q22 Drop places before the decimal point (form a fraction) Example: Q5 = FRAC Q23 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 287 Programming example Calculate an angle with arc tangent as opposite side (Q12) and adjacent side (Q13); then store in Q25. To select the formula entering function, press the Q key and FORMULA soft key. Parameter number for result? Enter the parameter number. Shift the soft-key row and select the arc tangent function.

  • Page 288: Preassigned Q Parameters

    Q110 = 1 M05 after M03 Q110 = 2 M05 after M04 Q110 = 3 Coolant on/off: Q111 M function Parameter value M08: Coolant ON Q111 = 1 M09: Coolant OFF Q111 = 0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 289 Overlap factor: Q112 The overlap factor for pocket milling (MP7430) is assigned to Q112. Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113 The value of parameter Q113 specifies whether the highest-level NC program (for nesting with PGM CALL) is programmed in millimeters or inches.
  • Page 290 Center in minor axis Q162 Diameter Q163 Length of pocket Q164 Width of pocket Q165 Measured length Q166 Position of the center line Q167 Workpiece status Parameter Good Q180 Re-work Q181 Scrap Q182 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 291: Example: Ellipse

    Example: Ellipse Example: Ellipse Program sequence The contour of the ellipse is approximated by many short lines (defined in Q7). The more calculating steps you define for the lines, the smoother the curve becomes. The machining direction can be altered by changing the entries for the starting and end angles in the plane: Clockwise machining direction:...
  • Page 292 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift CYCL DEF 7. CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0 L Z+Q 2 R0 F MAX Move to setup clearance LBL 0 End of subprogram END PGM ELLIPSE MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 293: Example: Concave Cylinder Machined With Spherical Cutter

    Example: Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter Example: Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter Program sequence Program functions only with a spherical cutter. The tool length refers to the sphere center. The contour of the cylinder is approximated by many short line segments (defined in Q13). The more line segments you define, the smoother the curve becomes.
  • Page 294 Reset the rotation CYCL DEF ROT+0 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift CYCL DEF 7. CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+0 LBL 0 End of subprogram END PGM CYLIN MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 295: Example: Convex Sphere Machined With End Mill

    Example: Convex sphere machined with end mill Example: Convex sphere machined with end mill Program sequence This program requires an end mill. The contour of the sphere is approximated by many short lines (in the Z/X plane, defined via Q14). The smaller you define the angle increment, the smoother the curve becomes.
  • Page 296 Reset the rotation CYCL DEF ROT+0 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift CYCL DEF 7. CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+0 LBL 0 End of subprogram END PGM BALL MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 297 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 298: Test Run And Program Run

    Test Run and Program Run www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 299: Graphics

    11.1 Graphics In the program run modes of operation as well as in the Test Run mode, the TNC provides the following three display modes: Using soft keys, select whether you desire: Plan view Projection in 3 planes 3-D view The TNC graphic depicts the workpiece as if it were being machined with a cylindrical end mill.
  • Page 300 At the bottom of the graphics window, the TNC displays the coordinates of the line of intersection, referenced to the workpiece datum. Only the coordinates of the working plane are shown. This function is activated with machine parameter 7310. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 301 3-D view The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions, and can be rotated about the vertical axis. The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions, and can be rotated about the vertical axis. The shape of the workpiece blank can be depicted by a frame overlay at the beginning of the graphic simulation.
  • Page 302 If the workpiece blank cannot be further enlarged or reduced, the TNC displays an error message in the graphics window. To clear the error message, enlarge or reduce the workpiece blank. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 303 Repeating graphic simulation A part program can be graphically simulated as often as desired, either with the complete workpiece or with a detail of it. Function Soft key Restore workpiece blank to the detail magnification in which it was last shown Reset detail magnification so that the machined workpiece or workpiece blank is displayed as it was programmed with BLK FORM...

  • Page 304: Functions For Program Display In Program Run And Test Run

    Violation of the machine's working space The following functions are also available: Blockwise test run Interrupt test at any block Optional block skip Functions for graphic simulation Measuring the machining time Additional status display HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 305 Running a program test If the central tool file is active, a tool table must be active (status S) to run a program test. Select a tool table via the file manager (PGM MGT) in the Test Run mode of operation. With the MOD function BLANK IN WORD SPACE, you can activate work space monitoring for the test run (see Chapter 12 “MOD Functions, Showing the Workpiece in the Working Space”).

  • Page 306: Program Run

    You can adjust the feed rate and spindle speed with the override knobs. Program Run, Full Sequence Start the part program with the machine START button. Program Run, Single Block Start each block of the part program individually with the machine START button. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 307 Interrupting machining There are several ways to interrupt a program run: Programmed interruptions Machine STOP button Switching to Program Run, Single Block If the TNC registers an error during program run, it automatically interrupts the machining process. Programmed interruptions You can program interruptions directly in the part program. The TNC interrupts the program run at a block containing one of the following entries: STOP (with and without a miscellaneous function)
  • Page 308 When a program run is interrupted, the TNC stores: The data of the last defined tool Active coordinate transformations The coordinates of the circle center that was last defined HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 309 The stored data are used for returning the tool to the contour after manual machine axis positioning during an interruption (RESTORE POSITION). Resuming program run with the START button You can resume program run by pressing the machine START button if the program was interrupted in one of the following ways: The machine STOP button was pressed A programmed interruption Resuming program run after an error...
  • Page 310 To start the block scan, press the machine START button. To return to the contour, proceed as described below in “Returning to the contour. ” HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 311: Optional Block Skip

    Returning to the contour With the RESTORE POSITION function, the TNC returns to the workpiece contour in the following situations: Return to the contour after the machine axes were moved during a program interruption that was not performed with the INTERNAL STOP function.

  • Page 312: Mod Functions

    MOD Functions www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 313: Selecting, Changing And Exiting The Mod Functions

    12.1 Selecting, Changing and Exiting the MOD Functions The MOD functions provide additional displays and input possibilities. The available MOD functions depend on the selected operating mode. To select the MOD functions Call the mode of operation in which you wish to change the MOD function.

  • Page 314: Software Numbers And Option Numbers

    OPT: 00000011 12.3 Code Number A code number is required for access to the following function: Function Code number Select user parameters Configuring an Ethernet card NET123 Enable special functions 555343 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 315: Setting The Data Interfaces

    FE 401 B FE 401 from prog. no. 230 626 03 HEIDENHAIN floppy disk unit FE 401 up to prog. no. 230 626 02 PC with HEIDENHAIN data transfer Software TNCremo Non-HEIDENHAIN devices such as EXT1, EXT2 Punchers, PC without TNCremo...
  • Page 316 Digitizing data Program Run Defined in the RANGE cycle Values with FN15 Program Run %FN15RUN.A Values with FN15 Test run %FN15SIM.A Values with FN16 Program Run %FN16RUN.A Values with FN16 Test run %FN16SIM.A HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 317 For transfer of files to and from the TNC, we recommend using the HEIDENHAIN TNCremo data transfer software. With TNCremo, data transfer is possible with all HEIDENHAIN controls via serial interface. Please contact your HEIDENHAIN agent if you would like to receive the TNCremo data transfer software for a nominal fee.
  • Page 318 <File> <Transfer>. End TNCremo Select the menu items <File>, <Exit>, or press the key combination ALT+X Refer also to the TNCremo help texts where all of the functions are explained in more detail. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 319: Ethernet Interface

    The PC world with Microsoft operating systems, however, also works with TCP/IP , but not with NFS. You will therefore need additio- nal software to connect the TNC to a PC network. HEIDENHAIN recommends the following network software: Operating System Network Software DOS, Windows 3.1,...
  • Page 320 TNC and a node is 100 meters (329 ft). For 10BaseT shielded cable, it is 400 meters (1300 ft). If you connect the TNC directly with a PC you must use a transposed cable. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 321 Configuring the TNC Make sure that the person configuring your TNC is a network specialist. In the Programming and Editing mode of operation, press the MOD key. Enter the code word NET123. The TNC will then display the main screen for network configuration. General network settings Press the DEFINE NET soft key to enter the general network settings (see figure at upper right) and enter the following...
  • Page 322 Ask your network manager for the proper timeout setting. Definition of the group identification with you access files in the network. Ask your network manager for the proper timeout setting. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 323 Setting Meaning Here you enter the rights of access to files on 111101000 the NFS server (see figure at upper right). All other users: Search Enter a binary coded value. All other users: Write Example: 111101000 All other users: Read 0: Access not permitted 1: Access permitted Work group...
  • Page 324 MOUNT, RS is too small. The TNC sets RS to 512 bytes. NFS2: <Device name> (W) READSIZE LARGER THEN x SET TO x The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, RS is too large The TNC sets RS to 4096 bytes. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 325 Error message Cause NFS2: <Device name> (W) WRITESIZE SMALLER THEN x SET TO x The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, WS is too small. The TNC sets WS to 512 bytes. NFS2: <Device name> (W) WRITESIZE LARGER THEN x SET TO x The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, WS is too large.

  • Page 326: Configuring Pgm Mgt

    Size of the blank Coordinate system Workpiece blank with orthogonal projections, working space To show the position of the workpiece blank referenced to the datum, press the soft key marked with the machine symbol. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 327 If the workpiece blank is located outside the working space , you can use the datum soft keys to move it within the graphic in such a way that the whole blank is located within the working space. You must subsequently move the datum in the Manual Operation mode by the same distance.

  • Page 328: Position Display Types

    If you would like to activate the inch display, the TNC shows the feed rate in inch/min. In an inch program you must enter the feed rate large by a factor of 10. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 329: Programming Language For $Mdi

    12.11 Programming Language for $MDI The Program input mod function lets you decide whether to program the $MDI file in HEIDENHAIN conversational dialog or in ISO format: To program the $MDI.H file in conversational dialog, set the Program input function to HEIDENHAIN.

  • Page 330: Displaying Help Files

    Select the MOD function: Press the MOD key To select the last active HELP file, press the HELP soft key. Call the file manager (PGM MGT key) and select a different help file, if necessary. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 331: Machining Times

    12.15 Machining Times The machine tool builder can provide further operating time displays. Refer to your machine tool manual. The MACHINE TIME soft key enables you to show different operating time displays: Operating time Meaning Control ON Operating time of the control since its commissioning Machine ON Operating time of the machine tool...

  • Page 332: Tables And Overviews

    Tables and Overviews www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 333: General User Parameters

    13.1 General User Parameters General user parameters are machine parameters affecting TNC settings that the user may want to change in accordance with his requirements. Some examples of user parameters are: Dialog language Interface behavior Traversing speeds Sequence of machining Effect of overrides Input possibilities for machine parameters Machine parameters can be programmed as...
  • Page 334 DC3, even character parity, character parity desired, 2 stop bits Input for MP 5020.1: 1+0+8+0+32+64 = 105 Integrating TNC interfaces EXT1 (5030.0) and EXT2 (5030.1) to external device MP5030.x Standard transmission: 0 Interface for blockwise transfer: 1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 335 3-D touch probes and digitizing Select touch probe (only with option for digitizing with measuring touch probe) MP6200 Triggering touch probe: 0 Measuring touch probe: 1 Select signal transmission MP6010 Touch probe with cable transmission: 0 Touch probe with infrared transmission: 1 Probing feed rate for triggering touch probes MP6120 1 to 3000 [mm/min]...
  • Page 336 MP6370, the TNC will move at the programmed feed rate. Determine the appropriate value for your requirements by trial and error. MP6370 0.001 to 5.000 [m/s ] (recommended input value: 0.1) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 337 Target window for digitizing contour lines with a measuring touch probe When you are digitizing contour lines the individual contour lines do not end exactly in their starting points. With machine parameter MP6390 you can define a square target window within which the end point must lie after the touch probe has orbited the model.
  • Page 338 TNC as programming station with active PLC: 1 TNC as programming station with inactive PLC: 2 Acknowledgment of POWER INTERRUPTED after switch-on MP7212 Acknowledge with key: 0 Acknowledge automatically: 1 ISO programming: Block number increment MP7220 0 to 150 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 339 Disabling the selection of file types MP7224.0 All file types selectable via soft key: +0 Disable selection of HEIDENHAIN programs (soft key SHOW .H): +1 Disable selection of ISO programs (soft key SHOW .I): +2 Disable selection of tool tables (soft key SHOW .T): +4 Disable selection of datum tables (soft key SHOW .D): +8...
  • Page 340 If you require more than 254 tools, you can expand the tool table with the function APPEND N LINES (see also „5.2 Tool Data“) Configure pocket tables MP7261 Inactive: 0 Number of pockets per pocket table: 1 to 254 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 341 Configure tool table (To omit from the table: enter 0); Column number in the tool table for MP7266.0 Tool name – NAME: 0 to 27; column width: 16 characters MP7266.1 Tool length – L: 0 to 27; column width: 11 characters MP7266.2 Tool radius –...
  • Page 342 Display step for the Z axis MP7290.2 For input values, see MP7290.0 Display step for the IVth axis MP7290.3 For input values, see MP7290.0 Display step for the V axis MP7290.4 For input values, see MP7290.0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 343 Display step for the 6th axis MP7290.5 For input values, see MP7290.0 Display step for the 7th axis MP7290.6 For input values, see MP7290.0 Display step for the 8th axis MP7290.7 For input values, see MP7290.0 Display step for the 9th axis MP7290.8 For input values, see MP7290.0 Disable datum setting...
  • Page 344 SCALING FACTOR effective in the working plane only: 1 Tool data in programmable probe cycle TOUCH–PROBE 0 MP7411 Overwrite current tool data by the calibrated data from the 3-D touch probe system: 0 Current tool data are retained: 1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 345 SL Cycles MP7420 Mill channel around the contour — clockwise for islands and counterclockwise for pockets: +0 Mill channel around the contour — clockwise for pockets and counterclockwise for islands: +1 First mill the channel, then rough out the contour: +0 First rough out the contour, then mill the channel: +2 Combine compensated contours: +0 Combine uncompensated contours: +4...
  • Page 346 Program run, full sequence: Run the entire pallet file at every NC start: +0 Program run, full sequence: If running of the complete pallet file is selected (+4), then run the pallet file without interruption, i.e. until you press NC stop: +8 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 347 Electronic handwheels Handwheel type MP7640 Machine without handwheel: 0 HR 330 with additional keys — the handwheel keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the NC: 1 HR 130 without additional keys: 2 HR 330 with additional keys — the handwheel keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the PLC: 3 HR 332 with twelve additional keys: 4 Multi-axis handwheel with additional keys: 5...

  • Page 348: Pin Layout And Connecting Cable For The Data Interfaces

    External HEIDENHAIN RS-422 Adapter HEIDENHAIN device standard cable block connecting cable max. 17 m e.g. FE The connector pin layout on the adapter block differs from that on the TNC logic unit (X21). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 349 Non-HEIDENHAIN devices The connector pin layout of a non-HEIDENHAIN device may differ considerably from that on a HEIDENHAIN device. This often depends on the unit and type of data transfer. The figure below shows the connector pin layout on the adapter block.
  • Page 350 RS-422/V.11 Interface Only non-HEIDENHAIN devices are connected to the RS-422 interface. The pin layouts on the TNC logic unit (X22) and on the adapter block are identical. External RS-422 HEIDENHAIN device Adapter connecting cable block max. 1000 m e.g. PC Id.-Nr.
  • Page 351 Ethernet interface RJ45 socket (option) Maximum cable length: Unshielded: 100 m Shielded: 400 m Signal Description Transmit Data TX– Transmit Data REC+ Receive Data Vacant– Vacant– REC– Receive Data Vacant– Vacant– Ethernet interface BNC socket (option) Maximum cable length: 180 m Signal Description Data (RXI, TXO)

  • Page 352: Technical Information

    RS-232 / V.24 RX 422 / V.11 Ethernet interface (option) Expanded data interface with LSV-2 protocol for remote operation of the TNC through the data interface with HEIDENHAIN software TNCremo Simultaneous axis control for contour elements Straight lines: up to 5 axis...
  • Page 353 Program memory Hard disk with 1500 MB for NC programs No limit on number of files Tool definitions Up to 254 tools in the program or any number in tables Programming support Functions for approaching and departing the contour On-screen pocket calculator Structuring long programs Comment blocks Direct help on output error messages (context-sensitive)
  • Page 354 Traversing speed Maximum 300 m/min (11 811 ipm) Spindle speed Maximum 99 999 rpm Input range Minimum 0.1 µm (0.000 01 in.) or 0.0001° Maximum 99 999.999 mm (3937 in.) or 99 999.999° HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...

  • Page 355: Exchanging The Buffer Battery

    13.4 Exchanging the Buffer Battery A buffer battery supplies the TNC with current to prevent the data in RAM memory from being lost when the TNC is switched off. If the TNC displays the error message Exchange buffer battery, then you must replace the batteries.
  • Page 356 Bolt hole circle 186 groups 152 help with 64 Boring 158 Cylinder 279 output 261 Cylinder surface 202 Ethernet interface configuration 304 connecting and disconnecting network drives 52 connection possibilities 303 Exchanging the buffer battery 338 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 357 Feed rate 17 Floor finishing 199 Laser cutting machines, miscellaneous functions 149 changing 18 FNxx. See Q Parameter Programming Look ahead 142 for rotary axes: M116 144 Formula entry 270 Feed rate factor 141 Full circle 105 Feed rate factor for plunging: M103 M functions.
  • Page 358 Projection in 3 planes 285 reducing the display 145 Pocket calculator 63 shorter-path traverse 144 Pocket table 75 Rotation 225 Polar coordinates Rough-out See SL Cycles fundamentals 30 Ruled surface 216 setting the pole 30 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 359 193 manual 19 Switch-on 14 overview 191 procedure 231 Synchronize NC and PLC 269 pilot drilling 197 TNC 426 B, TNC 430 2 System data, reading 265 Rough-out 198 TNCremo 302 side finishing 199 Tool change 77 Slot milling 178...
  • Page 360 71 for TNC displays, TNC editor 321 editing 73 machine-specific 309 editing functions 74 leaving 73 Tool type, selecting 72 Traversing the reference points 14 Trigonometric functions 257 Trigonometry 257 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426 B, TNC 430 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com...
  • Page 361 Effect of M function Effective at block - start end page Stop program run/spindle STOP/coolant OFF Stop program/Spindle STOP/Coolant OFF/Clear status display (depending on machine parameter)/Go to block 1 Spindle ON clockwise Spindle ON counterclockwise Spindle STOP Tool change/Stop program run (depending on machine parameter)/Spindle STOP Coolant ON Coolant OFF Spindle ON clockwise/coolant ON...
  • Page 362 www.EngineeringBooksPdf.com 322 938-24 · 7/99 · pdf · Printed in Germany · Subject to change without notice...

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