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2.2
Register Descriptions
2.2.1
General Registers
All the general registers have the same functions, and can be used as both data registers and
address registers.
When used as data registers, they can be accessed as 16-bit registers (R0 to R7), or the high bytes
(R0H to R7H) and low bytes (R0L to R7L) can be accessed separately as 8-bit registers.
When used as address registers, the general registers are accessed as 16-bit registers (R0 to R7).
R7 also functions as the stack pointer (SP), used implicitly by hardware in exception handling and
subroutine calls. When it functions as the stack pointer, as indicated in figure 2.2, SP (R7) points
to the top of the stack.
SP (R7)
2.2.2
Control Registers
The CPU control registers include a 16-bit program counter (PC) and an 8-bit condition code
register (CCR).
(1) Program Counter (PC): This 16-bit register indicates the address of the next instruction the
CPU will execute. All instructions are fetched 16 bits (1 word) at a time, so the least significant bit
of the PC is ignored (always regarded as 0).
Figure 2.2 Stack Pointer
Lower address side [H'0000]
Unused area
Stack area
Upper address side [H'FFFF]
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