ABB RELION 670 SERIES Applications Manual page 197

1MRK 506 369-UUS -
Line distance protection REL670 2.2 ANSI
Application manual
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Line current as a function of time
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Capacitor current as a function of time
ANSI06000614 V1 EN
Figure 90: MOV protected capacitor with examples of capacitor voltage and
corresponding currents
The impedance apparent to distance IED is always reduced for the amount of capacitive
reactance included between the fault and IED point, when the spark gap does not flash
over, as presented for typical cases in figure 89. Here it is necessary to distinguish between
two typical cases:
• Series capacitor only reduces the apparent impedance, but it does not cause wrong
directional measurement. Such cases are presented in figure
compensation at 50% of line length and 33% compensation located on 33% and 66%
of line length. The remote end compensation has the same effect.
• The voltage inversion occurs in cases when the capacitor reactance between the IED
point and fault appears bigger than the corresponding line reactance, Figure 23, 80%
compensation at local end. A voltage inversion occurs in IED point and the distance
IED will see wrong direction towards the fault, if no special measures have been
introduced in its design.
The situation differs when metal oxide varistors (MOV) are used for capacitor
overvoltage protection. MOVs conduct current, for the difference of spark gaps, only
when the instantaneous voltage drop over the capacitor becomes higher than the
protective voltage level in each half-cycle separately, see figure 90.
MOV
i
M
-jX
C
i i
L C
V
C
MOV protected series capacitor
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Capacitor voltage as a function of time
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MOV current as a function of time
Section 8
Impedance protection
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89 for 50%
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