GRAUPNER MC-32 Manual page 195

Starting and stopping of the mo-
tor – whether combustion or electric
drive – should always take place within the
given flight phase as a consequence of the throt-
tle limiter and the "Thr. CutOff" option in each
single (see below).
This makes it unnecessary to program the two flight
phases that may be familiar to you from using other
remote control systems – namely "with idle-up" and
"without idle-up", and with the associated "waste" of a
flight phase for this purpose – since the
program offers a much more flexible approach to fine-
tuning and optimizing increases to system rotational
speed below the hover point than the "idle-up" ap-
proach taken by older mc remote control systems.
Ensure that the throttle limiter is closed before start-
ing a motor with carburettor, i. e. so that the carburet-
tor can be adjusted within the idle range only with
trim. Ensure that you follow the safety instructions
on page 189 at all times. If the throttle is set too high
when switching on the transmitter, you will receive
audible and visible warnings!
Stoppuhr
Starlet
Thr
#02 0:00h Flugzeit
too
H-J Sandbrunner
00:00h
K78
4.1V
V
M
0 0 0
The following three graphs show (typical) 3-point
throttle curves for various flight phases, such as hov-
ering aerobatics and 3D flight.
Sample throttle curves for various flight phases:
+100%
-100%
1 2 3 4
Control travel
Hover
Notes on using the "throttle limit" function:
• The throttle limit function should be used
mc-32 HoTT
in any case (»Control adjust« menu,
page 128). At the rear limit of the default
transmitter control, the right-side throttle limit
proportional rotary slider, the throttle servo is
completely decoupled from the throttle curve, the
motor is at idle and will respond only to C1 trim.
This option permits the motor to be started in any
flight phase and to shut the motor off with the "Thr.
CutOff" option.
Once the motor has started, push the throttle
limiter s l o w l y in the direction of the opposite
end-point to put actuation of the throttle servo fully
0:00.0
under the control of the throttle/collective pitch
0:00.0 stick once again. In order to prevent the throttle
servo from being restricted by the throttle limiter in
high!
the full throttle direction, set control travel on the
plus-side of the column labeled "travel" to +125 %
Normal
in the "Tl16" line of the »Control adjust« menu.
Leave the default value of "GL" in the "Type"
0
column alone, however, to configure this setting
globally for all flight phases.
For a more finely-tuned control travel curve for
the throttle limit control, you can also use the
"Expo throttle limiter" (page 110). This gives
you the option of defining the idle setting at the
throttle limit control's centre position, as readily
determined both visually and audibly.
+100% +100%
-100% -100%
5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3
Control travel Control travel
Aerobatics 3D
Set the throttle limiter to its centre position and
adjust the "EXPO thro lim." value as far as is
needed until the motor is idling smoothly with
the throttle limit control set at its centre point. In
this position, the motor will then start without any
problems. To switch off, turn or push the throttle
limit control – that is, without C1 cutoff trim – to its
4 5
rearmost end-point. As you do, ensure that the
affected servo cannot hit an end-stop mechanically.
The throttle restriction set by the throttle limiter is
made visible as a horizontal bar in the diagram:
Channel 1 Throttle
Input +50%
Curve Output +50%
off Point ? +50% 0%
actual position of the Throttle limiter
The output signal for the throttle servo can never
be higher than that set by the horizontal bar. In this
example, about a maximum of +25 %.
• Since electric drive systems have no need for an
idle setting, the basic configuration of settings
for an electrically-powered helicopter merely
involves making sure that the control range of the
throttle limiter is both higher and lower than the
adjustment range of the speed controller (usually
-100 % to +100 %) by a safe margin. If necessary,
therefore, adjust the "travel" setting of the throttle
limiter as appropriate on the "Tl16" line of the
»Control adjust« menu. Leave the default value
of "GL" in the "Type" column alone, however, to
configure this setting globally for all flight phases.
Fine-tuning of the throttle curve itself, however,
must take place in flight – as with a glow-powered
helicopter.
Program description - Helicopter mixer
– +
195