Appendix F Glossary - Dynamix UM-A User Manual

Appendix F Glossary

The Glossary provides an explanation of terms and acronyms discussed in this user guide.
AP : Access Point: A station that transmits and receives data in a WLAN (Wireless Local Area
Network). An access point acts as a bridge for wireless devices into a LAN.
ATM : Asynchronous Transfer Mode: A method of transfer in which data is organized into 53-byte
cell units. ATM cells are processed asynchronously in relation to other cells.
BC : Broadcast: Communication in which a sender transmits to everyone in the network.
BER : Bit Error Rate: Percentage of Bits that contain errors relative to the total number of bits
transmitted.
Bridge : A device that connects two networks and decides which network the data should go to.
Bridge Mode : Bridge Mode is used when there is one PC connected to the LAN-side Ethernet or USB
port. IEEE 802.1D method of transport bridging is used to bridge between the WAN (ADSL) side and
the LAN (Ethernet or USB) side, i.e., to store and forward.
CBR : Constant Bit Rate: A constant transfer rate that is ideal for streaming (executing while still
downloading) data, such as audio or video files.
Cell : A unit of transmission in ATM, consisting of a fixed-size frame containing a 5-octet header and
a 48-octet payload.
CHAP : Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol: Typically more secure than PAP, CHAP uses
username and password in combination with a randomly generated challenge string which has to be
authenticated using a one-way hashing function.
CLP : Cell Loss Priority: ATM cells have two levels of priority, CLP0 and CLP1. CLP0 is of higher
priority, and in times of high traffic congestion, CLP1 error cells may be discarded to preserve the Cell
Loss Ratio of the CLP0 cells.
CO : Central Office: In a local loop, a Central Office is where home and office phone lines come
together and go through switching equipment to connect them to other Central Offices. The distance
from the Central Office determines whether or not an ADSL signal can be supported in a given line.
CPE : Customer Premises Equipment. This specifies equipment on the customer, or LAN, side.
CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Checking: A method for checking errors in a data transmission between
two computers. CRC applies a polynomial function (16 or 32-bit) to a block of data. The result of that
polynomial is appended to the data transmission. Upon receipt, the destination computer applies the
same polynomial to the block of data. If the host and destination computer share the same result, the
transmission was successful. Otherwise, the sender is notified to re-send the data block.
DHCP : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol: A communications protocol that allows network
administrators to manage and assign IP addresses to computers within the network. DHCP provides a
unique address to a computer in the network which enables it to connect to the Internet through Internet
Protocol (IP). DHCP can lease and IP address or provide a permanent static address to those computers
who need it (servers, etc.).
DMZ : Demilitarized Zone: A computer Host or network that acts as a neutral zone between a private
network and a public network. A DMZ prevents users outside of the private network from getting
direct access to a server or any computer within the private network. The outside user sends requests to
the DMZ, and the DMZ initiates sessions in the public network based on these requests. A DMZ cannot
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