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ADJUSTING THE WHEEL ANGLES
N .B.
The front
wheel
ang les are always adjusted In
the following order:
1.
Caster
2. Camber
3. Toe-in
ADJUSTING THE CASTER
NOTE: The
upper wishbone
sh
af t
is see ured
with
a spe-
cial bolt with
a
nylon plug.
The easter shou ld
be 0°
±
1
° and
the
adj ustment
made
by
means of
shims
inserted
at
th
e upper
wishbone
shaft
(see
Fig. 6-8).
When
adj
usting,
loosen
the bolts
with tool
'SVO
2713, one end of whieh
is
used
for the
front bolt
and
the
other
for
the rear
bolt.
After
the
bo lts
have been
slackened severa
l
turns,
sh
im
s can
either
be removed or additional
ones fitted. Sh
im
s
are stocked
in thieknesses of
.15-.5-1.0-3.0 and 6.0
mm
(.006-
.020-.039-.12
and .24" ). The extent to
whieh
these
alter the
easter
is
shown
in the diagram,
Fig.
6-9.
The
sa
me
alteration
is
obtained either by:
1.
Removing a shim
from
one
of
the attaehing bolts
2.
Adding
a shim to the
other
attaehing
bolt
3.
Moving over half of the requisite
shim
thiekness
from one bolt to the other.
The easter is adjusted towards the
positive
side either
by
inserting
shims at the
rear
attaehing bolt or by
removing
shims from the
front
attaehing bolt.
For eorrect eamber, the easter should be adjusted by
moving over half the
shim
thiekness aeeording to the
diagram from one bolt to the other or simply by
moving at one of the attaehing serews the thiekness
obtained from the diagram.
After adjustment has been earried out, the bolts can
be tightened to a torque of 4.8-5.5 kgm (35-40
Ib.ft.).
ADJUSTING THE
CAMBER
The eamber should be 0° to
+
1/2° and is adjusted
by means of shims (A, Fig. 6-8) at the upper wishbone
shaft.
For a left-hand steered vehicle in
right-hand
traffie, as
weil as a right-hand steered vehicle in left-hand traf-
fie, the vehicle can be suitably provided with the same
eamber on both sides. For a right-hand steered
ve-
hicle, intended for right-hand traffie, it may be suit-
able for the left-hand side to have a eamber whieh
is al/4° greater than that for the right-hand side
(e.g. 0° and
+
1/4° resp.). This will eliminate the in-
fluenee of the road surface inclination whieh would
pull the vehicle in a eertain direction. Also the loea-
tion of the driver in the vehicle (Ieft-hand steered/
right-hand steered) has a eertain influenee due to the
Fig
.
6-8. Adjusting the easter and eamber
A=Sh
im
s
VO LVO
101980
fact
that the vehi ele
s
are mostly driven when oeeupied
by only one person.
When
adjusting
the
eamber, the bolts
are
sla
ckened
a eo
upl
e of
turns with tool SYO
2713, one end of
whieh is used for the front
and
the
other
e
nd
for the
rear attaehing bolts
(see
Fig. 6-8). Thereafter
the num
-
ber of shims is
in
ereased
or decreased equally at
both the
bolts. The eamber
is
adjusted to agreater
positive angle
by
removing
the
s
hims,
a
nd
to a nega-
tive angle by
adding
shims.
The
diagram
in
Fig. 6-9
shows the thiekness of the
shims eorresponding
to
a
eertain alteration in
the angle. After adjustment,
the
bolts
are
tightened to
a
torque
of 4.8-5.5
kgm
(35-
40 Ib.ft.)
and the eamber
is
eheeked
onee
aga
in.
NOTE: An
equal
number of
shims
must
either
be
removed or
added
to both the bolts otherwise the
eamber
will be altered
.
If it is understood how
the eamber and easter should
be altered, these alterations
can
be
earried out at
the
same time by, for example,
removing or
add
ing
sh ims
for the
eamber
and
at
the
same time earrying
out
similar
shim
alterations
for
the
easter.
(If,
for
examp
le,
the eamber is inereased 0.6°
and
the
easter
1/4°,
2.5
mm [1"] is first removed
at
the bolts
and
.3
mm [.012"]
is transferred from the front to
the rear bolt.)
ADJUSTING
THE
TOE-IN
The toe-in should be
0-4
mm
(0-.16"). Ineorre
et toe-
in is adjusted by
slackening the
clamping
serew
or
loeknuts respectively on the tie rod,
af
ter whieh the
rod is turned in
the
required
direetion. The
distanee
between the tyres
at
the
front
is redueed, that is to
say, toe-in is inereased by turning the tie-rod in the
normal direction
of
rotation of the wheels.
Tighten
the loeknut after adjustment
to a
torque of
7.5-9.0
kgm (55-65 Ib.ft.).
6:5
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