Sip; Stun; Sip Alg Details; Sip Signaling Session Timeout - ZyXEL Communications ZYWALL P1 User Manual

Chapter 20 ALG Screen

20.5 SIP

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that
handles the setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet. SIP is used in VoIP (Voice over IP), the sending of voice signals over the Internet
Protocol.
SIP signaling is separate from the media for which it handles sessions. The media that is
exchanged during the session can use a different path from that of the signaling. SIP handles
telephone calls and can interface with traditional circuit-switched telephone networks.

20.5.1 STUN

STUN (Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) through Network Address
Translators) allows the VoIP device to find the presence and types of NAT routers and/or
firewalls between it and the public Internet. STUN also allows the VoIP device to find the
public IP address that NAT assigned, so the VoIP device can embed it in the SIP data stream.
See RFC 3489 for details on STUN. You do not need to use STUN for devices behind the
ZyWALL if you enable the SIP ALG.

20.5.2 SIP ALG Details

• SIP clients can be connected to the LAN. A SIP server must be on the WAN.
• You can make and receive calls between the LAN and the WAN. You cannot make a call
between the LAN and the LAN.
• The SIP ALG allows UDP packets with a port 5060 destination to pass through.
• The ZyWALL allows SIP audio connections.
The following example shows SIP signaling (1) and audio (2) sessions between SIP clients A
and B and the SIP server.

Figure 213 SIP ALG Example

20.5.3 SIP Signaling Session Timeout

Most SIP clients have an "expire" mechanism indicating the lifetime of signaling sessions.
The SIP user agent sends registration packets to the SIP server periodically and keeps the
session alive in the ZyWALL.
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