Calculation Of The Impedances - Siemens siprotec 7SA522 User Manual

6.2.2

Calculation of the Impedances

6.2.2.1 Method of Operation
Phase–Phase
Loops
7SA522 Manual
C53000-G1176-C119-2
A separate measuring system is provided for each of the six possible impedance loops
L1–E, L2–E, L3–E, L1–L2, L2–L3, L3–L1. The phase-earth loops are evaluated when
an earth fault detection according to section 6.2.1 is recognized and the phase current
exceeds a settable minimum value 0LQLPXP ,SK! (address ). The phase-
phase loops are evaluated when the phase current in both of the affected phases ex-
ceeds the minimum value 0LQLPXP ,SK!.
A jump detector synchronizes all the calculations with the fault inception. If a further
fault occurs during the evaluation, the new measured values are immediately used for
the calculation. The fault evaluation is therefore always done with the measured val-
ues of the current fault condition.
To calculate the phase-phase loop, for instance during a two-phase short circuit L1–
L2 (Figure 6-19), the loop equation is:
⋅ ⋅
Z Z U
I – I =
L1 L L2 L
where
U, I are the (complex) measured values and
Z = R+ jX is the (complex) line impedance.
The line impedance is computed to be
U
L1–E
U
L2–E
Figure 6-19 Short circuit of a phase-phase loop
The calculation of the phase-phase loop does not take place as long as one of the con-
cerned phases is switched off (during single-pole dead time), to avoid an incorrect
measurement with the undefined measured values existing during this state. A state
U
–
L1–E L2–E
U U
–
L1–E
Z = ------------------------------------- -
L
I – I
L1
I Z
L1 L
Z
I
L
L2
L2–E
L2
L1
L2
L3
E
Functions
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