Intel 80C188EC User Manual page 471

INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Name
SHL Shift Logical Left:
SAL Shift Arithmetic Left:
SHL dest, count
SAL dest, count
Shifts the destination byte or word left
by the number of bits specified in the
count operand. Zeros are shifted in on
the right. If the sign bit retains its
original value, then OF is cleared.
Instruction Operands:
SHL reg, n
SHL mem, n
SHL reg, CL
SHL mem, CL
SAR Shift Arithmetic Right:
SAR dest, count
Shifts the bits in the destination
operand (byte or word) to the right by
the number of bits specified in the
count operand. Bits equal to the
original high-order (sign) bit are shifted
in on the left, preserving the sign of the
original value. Note that SAR does not
produce the same result as the
dividend of an "equivalent" IDIV
instruction if the destination operand is
negative and 1 bits are shifted out. For
example, shifting –5 right by one bit
yields –3, while integer division –5 by 2
yields –2. The difference in the instruc-
tions is that IDIV truncates all numbers
toward zero, while SAR truncates
positive numbers toward zero and
negative numbers toward negative
infinity.
Instruction Operands:
SAR reg, n
SAR mem, n
SAR reg, CL
SAR mem, CL
NOTE: The three symbols used in the Flags Affected column are defined as follows:
– the contents of the flag remain unchanged after the instruction is executed
? the contents of the flag is undefined after the instruction is executed
ü
the flag is updated after the instruction is executed
C-40
Table C-4. Instruction Set (Continued)
Description
SAL reg, n
SAL mem, n
SAL reg, CL
SAL mem, CL
Operation
(temp) ← count
do while (temp) ≠ 0
(CF) ← high-order bit of (dest)
(dest) ← (dest) × 2
(temp) ← (temp) – 1
if
count = 1
then
if
high-order bit of (dest) ≠ (CE)
then
(OF) ← 1
else
(OF) ← 0
else
(OF) undefined
(temp) ← count
do while (temp) ≠ 0
(CF) ← low-order bit of (dest)
(dest) ← (dest) / 2
(temp) ← (temp) – 1
if
count = 1
then
if
high-order bit of (dest) ≠
next-to-high-order bit of (dest)
then
(OF) ← 1
else
(OF) ← 0
else
(OF) ← 0
Flags
Affected
AF ?
ü
CF
DF –
IF –
ü
OF
ü
PF
ü
SF
TF –
ü
ZF
AF ?
ü
CF
DF –
IF –
ü
OF
ü
PF
ü
SF
TF –
ü
ZF