Nikon Scanners Software Reference Manual page 197

contrast
decimal
daisy chain
digitized
DIP switch
dither
dither pattern
driver
emulsion
Software Reference for Scanners
Glossary of Computer Imaging Terms
specified using Pantone®, just one of many color matching systems.
the difference between the lightest and darkest shades in a picture.
The slope of the function of exposure versus density is, in effect, the
contrast, also called gamma.
a number system which uses a base of ten. First appeared as the
Arabic number system, it also includes various types such as integers,
real and imaginary numbers, etc.
a series of devices connected together with a beginning and end-
point, unlike an endless loop.
the process of converting a continuously variable signal into a quan-
tized representation, usually binary.
dual in-line pin switch.
to mix different tonal values or shades together in a pattern to smooth
the transition between two different tonal areas. To create the appear-
ance of more gradations by blending small components of different
shades alternately together.
a two-dimensional matrix used in the dithering process. This com-
monly measures from 2x2 up to 8x8 cells, with different values in
each cell. As the dither matrix grows, more shades can be simulated,
but the image will appear less and less defined (sharp) as small details
of high contrast pixels are spread over a wider area.
an intermediate software or firmware controller for various input/output
devices connected to a computer, and the application running on it.
The light sensitive coating in photographic film or paper. The side of
the film bearing the emulsion or image layer is usually slightly matte
(non-reflective) when viewed with an oblique light source, compared
to the base or non-emulsion side. Can also be determined from the
readability of the manufacturers identification markings. When these
ID's are readable, the emulsion side is facing away from you.
Page 183