Test Of Correctness Of Composition Of The Machine And Tractor Unit - Belarus 1822.3 Operator's Manual

5.7 Test of correctness of composition of the machine and tractor unit

It is not recommended to allow tractor operation with the implements coupled both with
over and underload. In the first instance wear and tear of tractor parts, and excess fuel flow
will be increased, and productivity of the units will be decreased, in the second instance de-
crease in economic indicators and particularly in productivity, and increase of fuel consump-
tion. Therefore the operator shall first of all ensure that the unit is composed correctly and its
recommended driving speed is optimal.
In course of the tractor operation two basic speed modes – operating and optional -
are used.
The operating mode is basic. Change of operating speed influences the quality of
technological process performance according to agrotechnical requirements. In the imple-
ments operation manuals operation speed tolerance ranges are specified for each individ-
ual implement model. Any change of operating driving speed of the tractor with the imple-
ment coupled, including operative maneuvering at working operation, is allowed only within
the limits determined by agrotechnical requirements. Usually reference operation speed
within the given limits is established in combination with width of cut and depth of process-
ing (planting) of the implement.
The optional mode is defined by the tractor driving speed with the implement coupled on
the nearest transportation facilities (at idle speed on turns and crossings) with working attach-
ments disengaged. Speed mode of the tractor with the implement on the nearest transportation
facilities is limited by safety requirements mostly. As a result of relatively short duration of turns,
necessity to comply with instructions on traveling speed limitation during crossing from one field
to the other, relative tractor traveling speed at idle speed is often close to the operating speed.
In case the implement for coupling is determined the only thing to do is to determine
operating speed and the corresponding gear.
Operating speed of the tractors during their operation in the field is first of all limited
by the performance quality. Besides as for traction machine the operating speed is limited
by drawbar features of the tractor, and as for the drawbar-driven units the operating speed
is limited by permissible PTO shaft, hydraulic extraction power, and capacity of the imple-
ments.
The main
1822.3/1822 .3/2022.3/2022 .3" coupling is proper use of the engine power defined by
loading factor indicating the degree of the tractor rated engine power use required for
technological processes by the implements coupled. For each group of agricultural tasks
there are approximate values of degree of utilization of engine rated brake power. Average
reserve power shall make 10-15 % of the engine rated power.
Adequately chosen tractor operating mode means such coupling of the tractor subject to
all guidelines and operation limitations at which not only task performance in compliance with
agrotechnical requirements for the tasks performed – the engine load mode, the unit speed con-
trol, permissible slipping mode, but also all the instructions on safe tractor operation (speed
choice, mode of loading) are complied with.
The engine load efficiency can be changed by reducing or increasing in number of im-
plements, alteration of grasp width, depth of processing, and driving speed in coarse of the unit
working operation. If due to change of number of the implements and operation speed the rea-
sonable engine load is impossible then in order to save the fuel you have to choose the appro-
priate fragmentary operating mode by throttling down the fuel.
The engine load efficiency is determined by crankshaft rotation speed. Operation
shall be carried out at a bit faster crankshaft rotation speed than the nominal speed (indi-
cated in tachospeedometer). If the operating speed is more than the required speed then
the lower gear shall be actuated.
Permissible slipping mode for tractors "BELARUS-1822.3/1822 .3/2022.3/2022 .3"
makes 16 %. Assembly of MTU and choice of speed mode within the limits of permissible slip-
ping. Excessive slipping of tractor driving machine results in destruction of soil structural particles
with subsequent development of wind erosion and water erosion processes.
condition for
209
https://tractormanualz.com/
2022.3-0000010 OM
optimal tractors "BELARUS-