GE D90 Plus Instruction Manual page 553
Line distance protection system
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Also See for D90 Plus:
- Instruction manual (694 pages) ,
- Communications manual (222 pages) ,
- Instruction manual (662 pages)
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CHAPTER 15: THEORY OF OPERATION
Element
A ground element
B ground element
C ground element
Right and left blinder characteristics
Table 15-6: Right blinder characteristic angle calculation parameters
Element
AB phase element
BC phase element
CA phase element
A ground element
B ground element
C ground element
Table 15-7: Left blinder characteristic angle calculation parameters
Element
AB phase element
BC phase element
CA phase element
A ground element
B ground element
C ground element
Fault type characteristic
Table 15-8: Fault type characteristic angle calculation parameters
Element
A ground element
B ground element
C ground element
PLUS
D90
LINE DISTANCE PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Value 1
I_0 × Z
D
I
_2 × Z
A
D
I_0 × Z
D
I
_2 × Z
B
D
I_0 × Z
D
I
_2 × Z
C
D
The characteristic and limit angles of the directional comparator are independently
adjusted from the mho and reactance comparators. The directional characteristic
improves the directional integrity of the distance functions.
The right blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the two values
for the various phase and ground distance elements shown in the table below.
Value 1
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
A
B
R
A
B
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
B
C
R
B
C
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
C
A
R
C
A
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
A
R
0
R
G
0M
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
B
R
0
R
G
0M
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
C
R
0
R
G
0M
Similarly, the left right blinder characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the
two values for the various phase and ground distance elements shown in the table below.
Value 1
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
A
B
L
A
B
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
B
C
L
B
C
(I
– I
) × Z
– (V
– V
)
C
A
L
C
A
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
A
L
0
L
G
0M
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
B
L
0
L
G
0M
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
× Z
+ I
× K
C
R
0
L
G
0M
The blinders apply to the quadrilateral characteristic only.
The fault type characteristic is achieved by checking the angle between the two values for
the elements shown in the table below. This characteristic applies to ground distance
elements only.
Value 1
I_0
I_0
I_0
Value 2
V
_1M
A
V
_1M
A
V
_1M
B
V
_1M
B
V
_1M
C
V
_1M
C
Value 2
(I
– I
) × Z
A
B
(I
– I
) × Z
B
C
(I
– I
) × Z
C
A
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
R
A
A
R
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
R
B
B
R
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
R
C
C
R
Value 2
(I
– I
) × Z
A
B
(I
– I
) × Z
B
C
(I
– I
) × Z
C
A
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
L
A
A
L
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
L
B
B
L
× Z
– V
I
× Z
+ I_0 × K
L
C
C
R
Value 2
I
_2
A
I
_2
B
I
_2
C
Plus
THE D90
DISTANCE ELEMENTS
R
R
R
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
R
G
0M
R
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
R
G
0M
R
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
R
G
0M
R
L
L
L
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
L
G
0M
L
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
L
G
0M
L
× Z
+ I
× K
× Z
0
L
G
0M
L
545
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