Measuring S-Parameters - HP 8712ES User Manual

Making Measurements
Measuring Devices with Your Network Analyzer

Measuring S-Parameters

Figure 3-4 Measuring S-Parameters
Refer to Figure 3-4 for the following discussion of S-parameters.
S-parameters are used to completely describe the electrical behavior of a
linear two-port device that operates at high frequencies. An N-port
2
device has N S-parameters. So, a two-port device has four S-parameters.
The numbering convention for S-parameters is that the first number
following the "S" is the port where energy emerges, and the second
number is the port where energy enters. So, S is a measure of power
21
coming out port 2 as a result of applying an RF stimulus to port 1. When
the numbers are the same (e.g., S ), it indicates a reflection
11
measurement.
ES User's Guide 3-9