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1.2 INTRODUCTION
c) RIGHT RESISTIVE BLINDER
1
The right resistive blinder is a two input phase angle comparator. The input signals for the comparator are:
Iφ '· RB 1 - Vφ
Operate:
Iφ '· RB 1
Polarize:
where:
The magnitude of RB 1 (Right Blinder for Zone 1) is the point at which the characteristic intersects the R
axis. The range of adjustment will be 0.1 to 500.0 ohms in 0.1 ohm steps.
The angle of RB 1 is be fixed based on the positive sequence line angle, the zero sequence line angle,
and the K 0 factor. The angle is:
Iφ ' is the compensated phase current, ( I
The characteristic timer angle will be fixed at 90°. For the Zone 1 ground function, the operate and polarizing signals are:
'· RB 1 – V
Phase A:
I
A
'· RB 1
I
A
'· RB 1 – V
Phase B:
I
B
'· RB 1
I
B
'· RB 1 – V
Phase C:
I
C
'· RB 1
I
C
The ALPS provides four zones of distance protection with overcurrent backup functions. The ALPS is a highly flexible sys-
tem: along with predefined protection schemes, it also has the ability to be programmed by the user. The custom program-
mability of the ALPS is discussed in the next section.
The ALPS pilot protection schemes are as follows:
•
Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip (PUTT)
•
Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip (POTT1)
•
Permissive Overreach Transfer Trip with blocking functions (POTT2)
•
Blocking
•
Hybrid
•
Phase Identified Channel
In addition, each of the above schemes includes up to four zones of step distance backup with individual timers for phase
and ground zones.
1-8
⋅
⋅
2 POSSEQANG
+
K 0 ZERSEQANG
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
2
K 0
+
where:
A
' = ( I
I
A
A
' = ( I
I
B
B
B
' = ( I
I
C
C
K
1 = | K
C
0
ALPS Advanced Line Protection System
- I
) + K
1• I
A
0
0
0
- I
) + K
1· I
0
0
0
- I
) + K
1· I
0
0
0
- I
) + K
1· I
0
0
0
1| – (ZERSEQANG – POSSEQANG)
0
1.2.5 LINE PROTECTION SCHEMES
1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
GE Power Management
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