Processor Activity For Example 3 - Motorola MC68020 User Manual

Example 3
Both Figures 8-3 and 8-4 show instruction execution without benefit of the
MC68020/EC020 instruction cache. Figure 8-5 shows a third example for the same
instruction stream executing in the cache. Note that once the instructions are in the cache,
the original location in external memory is no longer a factor in timing.
The assumptions for Example 3 are:
1. The data bus is 32 bits,
2. The cache is enabled and instructions are in the cache, and
3. Memory access occurs with no wait states.
CLOCK
BUS
ACTIVITY
BUS
CONTROLLER
SEQUENCER
INSTRUCTION
EXECUTION TIME
CLOCK
COUNTER
Figure 8-5 illustrates the benefits of the instruction cache. The total number of clock cycles
is reduced from 16 to 12 clocks. Since the instructions are resident in the cache, the
instruction prefetch activity does not require the bus controller to perform external bus
cycles. Since prefetch occurs with no delay, the bus controller is idle more often.
Example 4
Idle clock cycles, such as those shown in example 3, are useful in MC68020/EC020
systems that require wait states when accessing external memory. This fact is illustrated
in example 4 (see Figure 8-6) with the following assumptions:
1. The data bus is 32 bits,
2. The cache is enabled and instructions are in the cache, and
3. Memory access occurs with one wait state.
MOTOROLA
1 2 4
3
WRITE
IDLE WRITE TO (A1)+
PERFORM PERFORM
MOVE #1 ADD #2
MOVE.L D4,(A1)+
(4)
LEGEND:
1) MOVE.L D4,(A1)+
2) ADD.L D4,D5
3) MOVE.L (A1),–(A2)
4) ADD.L D5,D6
Figure 8-5. Processor Activity for Example 3
M68020 USER'S MANUAL
5 6 8 9
7
READ
IDLE READ FROM (A1)
CALCULATE
CALCULATE
PERFORM
DESTINATION
SOURCE EA
EA
MOVE #3
MOVE #3
MOVE.L (A1),–(A2)
(7)
10 11 12 13
WRITE
WRITE TO –(A2) IDLE
PERFORM
ADD #4
MOVE #3
ADD.L
D5,D6
(1)
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