Page 1 CoreBuilder ATM Switches Operations Guide Software Version 4.55 Base and Extended http://www.3com.com/ Part No. DOA3700-0AAA02 Published January 2000 7000 Family ®...
Page 2 3Com Corporation reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time 95052-8145 to time without obligation on the part of 3Com Corporation to provide notification of such revision or change. 3Com Corporation provides this documentation without warranty, term, or condition of any kind, either implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties, terms or conditions of merchantability, satisfactory quality, and fitness for a particular purpose.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
ONTENTS BOUT UIDE Finding Specific Information in This Guide Conventions Documentation CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch Documents Related Documents Documentation Road Map Documentation Comments Year 2000 Compliance ATM N ETWORK ASICS ATM Overview ATM Cell Structure Advantages of Using Fixed-Length Cells...
Page 4 Integrated Local Management Interface (ILMI) ILMI Management Information Base (MIB) ATM Interface Management Entity (IME) Basic ILMI Functions Status Information UNI Address Registration Access to Service Registry MIB ILMI Connectivity Polling Automatic Configuration Procedures Auto-Discovery Auto-Configuration Modification of Local Attribute Configuring a Port on Change of Attachment E-IISP P ROTOCOL...
Page 5 Peer Group Leader Elections Uplinks in a Hierarchical Structure Configuring the PNNI Network ATM Address Format Path Selection Configuring the CoreBuilder 7000 for PNNI PNNI Signaling Protocol PNNI Signaling Establishing a Channel in PNNI with a Flat Network Alternate Routing and Crankback...
Page 6 SETUP Message CALL-PROCEEDING Message CONNECT Message ADD PARTY Message Signaling Protocol Profile Establishing a Virtual Channel Point-to-Point Calls Point-to-Multipoint Calls Displaying Connections Signaling Sequences Signaling Timers Timer Resolution Signaling AAL SSCOP SSCOP Timers SSCOP Configuration Parameters Managing Signaling Protocol Parameters Call Admission Control GCAC Algorithm UNI Signaling 4.0 Features...
Page 7 Operation of the LAN Emulation Connecting a LEC to an ELAN Registration Address Resolution Connection Management LAN Emulation in the CoreBuilder 7000 Default ELAN Parameters Connecting a LEC to an ELAN LECS Address Access Address Resolution Configuring LES LE_ARP Policies...
Page 8 LAN Emulation Statistics Display LAN Emulation Redundancy LANE Services in the CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch Card Redundant LANE Services LECS Redundancy Facility - Configuring the LECS-Order Database LES Redundancy Facility - Configuring the ELAN Topology Database Selecting LAN Emulation Redundancy Mode...
Page 9 Set Initial Retry Time Set Retry Time Maximum Set Hold Down Time IRTUAL ETWORKS Virtual LAN Basics VLANs in the CoreBuilder 7000 Admin and Default VLANs VLANs in a CoreBuilder 7600 Card Virtual LANs for Three Workgroups EVICE ANAGEMENT Overview...
Page 10 Identifying the Active Switching Module Conditions for Switch-over to Redundant Module Switch-over Reboot Communications between Active and Redundant Switches Switching Module Configuration Database LES and LECS in One CoreBuilder 7000 Alias Names Management Operations Upgrading the Software Switch Redundancy Limitations Up to Version 4.0 Features...
Page 11 ROTOCOLS AND NTERFACES Physical Layer SONET STS-3c Physical Layer Interface DS-3 Physical Layer Interface ATM Layer ATM Cell Structure The ATM Layer Operation & Maintenance (OAM) ATM Layer OAM ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) AAL1 AAL2 AAL3/4 AAL5 ® 7000 F UILDER AFETY NFORMATION...
Page 13: About This Guide
BOUT UIDE The CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switches Operations Guide provides all the information you need to understand the networking principles of the CoreBuilder ® 7000 family ATM switch and how it is used in an ATM network. It is applicable for both the Base and Extended versions of the software.
Page 14: Finding Specific Information In This Guide
Information about signaling, routing and establishing an ATM Information about ATM switching Information about LAN emulation Information about virtual networks Information about how to manage the CoreBuilder 7000 Information about switch redundancy Information about obtaining technical support Information about protocols and interfaces...
Page 15: Documentation
Denote a new term at the place where it is defined in the text. Identify menu names, menu commands, and software button names. Examples: From the Help menu, select Contents. Click OK. CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch Documents Related Documents Documentation...
Page 16: Corebuilder 7000 Family Atm Switch Documents
Documents CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switches Installation and Startup Guide This guide describes how to install and setup a CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switches Management Guide This guide explains how to configure and network a CoreBuilder...
Page 17: Documentation Road Map
Learn about new features or corrections in the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch software. Learn about changes to the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch’s documentation. Get an overview of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch, including system components. Prepare your site for CoreBuilder 7000 family installation.
Page 18: Documentation Comments
Please send e-mail comments about this guide to: sdtechpubs_comments@3Com.com Please include the following information when commenting: Year 2000 For information on Year 2000 compliance and 3Com products, visit the Compliance 3Com Year 2000 Web page: http://www.3com.com/products/yr2000.html Document Title...
Page 19: Atm Network Basics
ATM N This chapter provides basic concepts and information about: ATM Overview In 1986, the Comité Consulatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique (CCITT), now known as the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), formed a study group to explore the concept of a high-speed, integrated network to uniformly handle voice, data, and a variety of other services.
Page 20: Atm Cell Structure
1: ATM N HAPTER ETWORK overcoming the problems that exist in a shared-media networking technology, like Ethernet, Token Ring, and FDDI. ATM allows different types of physical layer technology to share the same higher layer — the ATM layer. ATM Cell Structure Unlike Ethernet which transfers variable length packets, ATM switches transfer fixed length cells.
Page 21: Atm Layers
ATM Layers As in the OSI model, ATM has levels that are used to divide the functions of ATM. Figure 2 shows the OSI and ATM models, side by side. Note that the ATM layers do not exactly match the OSI layers. Figure 2 OSI and ATM Layers Having all data in a fixed-length cell format speeds transmission dramatically by eliminating the need for protocol recognition and...
Page 22: Physical Layer
1: ATM N HAPTER ETWORK ASICS Physical Layer The physical layer in ATM defines the mapping of cells, much in the same way that the traditional OSI Physical Layer handles bits, defining physical media characteristics, line coding and framing. The ATM physical layer transmits and receives ATM cell streams over a physical medium.
Page 23: User Plane
ATM format while ensuring the required quality of service. LAN Emulation is the primary UNI service operating on the User Plane in the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch; it transfers Ethernet frames across ATM devices. See Chapter 7 for details about LAN Emulation.
Page 24: Designing Atm Networks
CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch and end client workstations and servers with an ATM adapter. Building Classical IP ATM Networks You can use the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch in Classical IP configurations to connect a workgroup. The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch can be employed in a network using the IP-over-ATM protocol to connect workstations, servers, and routers.
Page 25 CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. The CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch with a Workgroup Using IP over ATM, you can implement the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch as the high-speed connection for servers and workstations in a workgroup.
Page 26 IP over ATM protocol to Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, and so forth. In addition, the router can be used for WAN connectivity. Figure 5 shows a network incorporating multiple CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switches and a NETBuilder II router, as well as access to a Network Management Station (NMS) for SNMP management (for example, Transcend ATM Manager) via a hub.
Page 27: Lan Emulation Atm Networks
ATM Network Examples Figure 5 Multiple Switch IP Routed Network LAN Emulation ATM LAN Emulation (otherwise known as LANE or LE) provides interoperability Networks between devices on ATM LANs and traditional LANs such as Ethernet, and supports configurations that connect traditional LANs over an ATM backbone.
Page 28 LAN Emulation clients (NETBuilder II). A CoreBuilder 2500 — supports FDDI rings Enterprise Network flexibility of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switches in a large-scale enterprise network consisting of headquarters offices, regional offices and branch offices. The following features of the CoreBuilder 7000 are...
Page 29 Ethernet 10 Mbps connections to workgroup hubs or direct to the desktop. The CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switch on the third floor uses the CoreBuilder 7600 interface card as a high-density Fast Ethernet switch for backbone downlinks, high-performance workgroups, and server farm connectivity.
Page 30 1: ATM N HAPTER ETWORK ASICS...
Page 31 The Corebuilder 7000 ATM switch on the first floor supports a secondary backbone to the SuperStack II 2700 switch edge devices and a primary backbone down to the network core.
Page 32 1: ATM N HAPTER ETWORK ASICS...
Page 33 LANE services are provided, including broadcast services to all stations in the enterprise. Figure 8 shows the connections, where the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switch in the enterprise headquarters has the LES and LECS LANE services and provides the multicast capability across the WAN. The PABX units in each...
Page 34 1: ATM N HAPTER ETWORK ASICS Figure 8 LANE Network over WAN...
Page 35: Network Interface Management
NNI. Interim InterSwitch Protocol (IISP) — a standard interface between a CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch and switches of other vendors. See Chapter 1 for more details on IISP. Enhanced Interim InterSwitch Protocol (E-IISP) — a proprietary network-network interface between two 3Com ATM switches.
Page 36: User Network Interface
CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. Interface (ILMI) It supports the bi-directional exchange of ATM interface parameters between the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch and other ATM devices to which it is connected. ANAGEMENT P W R...
Page 37: Ilmi Management Information Base (Mib)
The ILMI functions for an ATM interface provide status, configuration, statistics, and control information about physical and ATM layer parameters of the ATM interface. In addition, it provides for address registration across the UNI. ILMI communications use SNMP directly over the AAL5.
Page 38: Basic Ilmi Functions
2: N HAPTER ETWORK NTERFACE Basic ILMI Functions This section discusses the following ILMI services provided by IME: Status Information The IME extracts the following status information from the ATM interface MIB for display: UNI Address The ILMI address registration provides the following services: Registration Exchange of Addressing Information To establish an ATM connection at the UNI, both the user and the...
Page 39 (see next section). Organizational Scope for Group Address The CoreBuilder 7000 family switch ILMI supports the organizational scope for a registered ATM group address. The organizational scope restricts the distribution of information related to the group address within the network.
Page 40 The number of addresses that can be registered at an ATM port depends on the type of CoreBuilder 7000 switch and the software version as shown in Table 5: Table 5 Maximum Number of Addresses Registered at a Port...
Page 41: Access To Service Registry Mib
LAN Emulation clients to different emulated LANs by providing the LES ATM addresses. ILMI Connectivity The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch polling facility continuously Polling verifies the connectivity of the ILMI channel of a port. It determines that the adjacent IME has failed when it does not receive a response for 120 consecutive retry polling requests.
Page 42: Automatic Configuration Procedures
This section discusses the following topics: Configuration Procedures Automatic configuration refers to the ability of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch to establish, through negotiation, common protocol parameters for communication between it and an attached ATM device. The automatic configuration ability can be used only when the attached device also has an automatic configuration capability.
Page 43: Auto-Discovery
UNI—for communicating with an edge device or ATM end-user (user) E-IISP—for communicating with a 3Com network device (node) IISP—for communicating with a third party network device (node) NNI/PNNI—for communicated between network devices (node) PNNI is available in version 4.5 extended only.
Page 44 The following tables show how auto-discovery operates for each of the three types of peer switch. In all the tables, the local switch is a 3Com switch running ILMI 4.0. Table 8, Table 9—The peer switch is a 3Com switch running ILMI 4.0 Table 10, Table 11, Table 12—The peer switch is a 3Com switch...
Page 45 Network-Side 3Com Switch Peer Running ILMI 3.X When the peer switch is a 3Com switch running an ILMI version lower than 4.0, E-IISP is still the preferred protocol but now auto-discovery does not operate and the UNI factory default is not automatically reset to E-IISP.
Page 46 Network-Side by LMA Non-3Com Switch Peer When the peer switch is not a 3Com switch, IISP is the protocol used. Auto-discovery does not operate and the UNI factory default is not automatically reset to E-IISP. In this case, you need to reset the interface type via LMA to IISP in both switches.
Page 47 LMA. For more information on configuring the local switch, see “Update Signaling Protocol Version” on page 205 in the Management Guide. Table 15 shows how this is done. Table 14 Auto-configuration of IME Type for Non-3Com/ILMI 4.0 Peer Compare My Parameter with Peer’s...
Page 48: Auto-Configuration
2: N HAPTER ETWORK NTERFACE a summary of the LMA settings (columns 3,4) needed to achieve a desired interface type and IME type (columns 1,2). Table 16 Setting Interface Type and IME Type through LMA To configure interface type E-IISP E-IISP IISP IISP...
Page 49 ILMI Version ILMI versions 3.0, 3.1, and 4.0 are available on the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. The ILMI version is selected to be ILMI 4.0 if both devices support ILMI 4.0 protocol, otherwise it will be set to ILMI 3.1.
Page 50: Modification Of Local Attribute
2: N HAPTER ETWORK NTERFACE 3 The local change of attribute mechanism causes the ILMI in both switches to restart, and the flash values—UNI 4.0 in both switches—are loaded as current values. Auto-configuration now sees that both A and B are UNI 4.0 and makes no further change.
Page 51: Configuring A Port On Change Of Attachment
ATM interfaces of the switch by ILMI. Attachment In addition, the ILMI of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch automatically reconfigures a port when it detects a change in attachment at that port, that is, when an ATM device is removed from or attached to the port.
Page 52 2: N HAPTER ETWORK NTERFACE ANAGEMENT 5 Performs address registration, if necessary. You can control the sensitivity of detecting a change of attachment by adjusting the Link Management polling rate through the LMA (see “Update ILMI Channel Polling Interval” on page 139 in the Management Guide).
Page 53: E-Iisp Protocol
IISP vs. E-IISP The IISP routing protocol is a simple, universal protocol used to connect the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch to ATM switches of other vendors. IISP (PNNI phase 0) is the first phase standard for multiple switch networks.
Page 54: Features Of E-Iisp
3Com enhanced this routing protocol to allow for auto-discovery of the ATM switch peers in a network. When using E-IISP (with 3Com Equipment), an ATM switch can determine the address of its neighbor switch without any intervention by the network administrator.
Page 55: Hierarchy In An E-Iisp Network
E-IISP also introduced the concept of hierarchy in a network design. E-IISP Network Using E-IISP, most 3Com ATM networks are based in the ATM address of 47.0.0.0.0.0.3c.0.0.a* i.e., utilizing the last four bytes of the switch portion of the ATM address. In the ATM address space, hierarchy translates into a tree structure as shown in Figure 10.
Page 56 3: E-IISP P HAPTER ROTOCOL AFI Specific Fields Network Prefix Figure 11 ATM Address Components The ATM address has 20 bytes, which are divided into a 13-byte Network Prefix and a 7-byte User Part. These are further divided into fields shown in Table 17.
Page 57 Hierarchy in an E-IISP Network Bytes Available for User Definition R S R V D A R E A Each line represents one byte Figure 12 Fields Available for Switch Address Each of the fields RD and AREA is two bytes long and a byte is represented by two hexadecimal digits 0-F so that fields RD and AREA together are represented by eight hexadecimal digits.
Page 58: Configuring Network Atm Addresses
In this way, each CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch knows the network prefix of each of its neighbors. For example, in Figure 10, switch A registers the ATM address prefixes of the three neighbors A1, A2, and B.
Page 59: Hierarchical Topology
As discussed previously, the routing algorithm of E-IISP assumes that you Hierarchical Topology have constructed your network with a hierarchical topology. As an example, create a hierarchical switch topology consisting of three trees. 1 In the A tree, illustrated in Figure 13, assign to the root node the prefix 47.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.A*.
Page 60: E-Iisp Hierarchical Routing Algorithm
The routing method consists of the following steps: 1 The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch receives the ATM address of the destination ATM user, the ATM destination address, from the signaling SETUP message that establishes the external link to the input port. The...
Page 61 SETUP message is sent on to the appropriate UNI port, finishing the process successfully with a route established. 3 If no match is found among its UNI neighbors, the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch compares the network prefix of the ATM destination address with the network prefix of the ATM address of each of its NNI neighbors.
Page 62: Hop Limit - Avoiding Loops
For information about how to display internal links and examples, see “Display Call Routed to ATM Address” on page 165 in the Management Guide. The crankback mechanism in the CoreBuilder 7000 switch automatically Crankback re-routes a call if a virtual channel cannot be established on the path fixed by the routing algorithm.
Page 63: Alternate Routes
RELEASE message will be sent back to the switch that sent the SETUP message. After receiving the RELEASE message, the source CoreBuilder 7000 family automatic retry ATM switch again attempts to establish a virtual channel but this time via an alternate path.
Page 64 3: E-IISP P HAPTER ROTOCOL Figure 14 Alternate Routes in an ATM Network Alternate routes are desirable for the following reasons: Dividing the load between nodes over several links reduces congestion (see next section) If one link fails, an alternate link can be used. If the node cannot be found or accessed via a link, it can be searched through another link after crankback.
Page 65: Load Balancing
NNI neighbors: exact match, best match, and partial match (see “E-IISP Hierarchic Routing Algorithm” on page 125). If two or more NNI neighbors have the same match type, the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch uses its routing table to assign a connection to each of the links in a round robin algorithm;...
Page 66: Lane Redundancy
3: E-IISP P HAPTER ROTOCOL LANE Redundancy If you are going to provide LANE redundancy in your network, pay special attention to creating alternate routes between nodes. Correct E-IISP planning for route failover/redundancy is required for LANE redundancy to work (for more information about planning for LANE redundancy, see “LANE Redundancy Planning”...
Page 67: Private Network
This chapter provides basic concepts and information about: PNNI is available in version 4.5 extended only. Introducing PNNI PNNI (Private Network to Network Interface) is a new dynamic routing Version 1.0 and signaling protocol designed for ATM networks, which ensures stable, reliable voice, video, and data transfer over the ATM network.
Page 68: Features Of Pnni
4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK any one node. These are the addresses of the nodes that any one node is physically or logically connected to. QoS metrics include information on available bandwidth, guaranteed cell delay, jitter, and other performance options available for establishing a new ATM connection. The administrative weight can be modified via the LMA by the network manager.
Page 69: Advantages Of Implementing A Pnni Network
This protocol is a proprietary protocol, developed by 3Com and is very similar to IISP (Interim Interswitch Protocol). IISP was developed by the ATM forum as a predecessor to PNNI phase 1, and is also known as PNNI phase 0.
Page 70 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK Figure 15 Looping in e-IISP This figure shows a sample network topology, in which the signal is sent as follows: Switch E is transmitting to Switch A. The signal is sent from E to C (see number 1 in Figure 15). The link from switch C to A goes down (as indicated by an “X”).
Page 71: Pnni Routing
With PNNI, looping will not occur, because each node in the network knows about all the other nodes in the network. See Chapter 13 in the Management Guide for details on how to prepare the CoreBuilder 7000 for PNNI functions. Also see the CoreBuilder Installation &...
Page 72 This could cause memory overload and lead to inefficient routing as a result. Improvements in the CoreBuilder 7000 allow for easy storage all of this information, reducing the risk of memory overload.
Page 73 PNNI Routing In Figure 16, a flat network, which has 17 nodes, is shown. Each node is denoted by a letter and 2 numbers (X.1.1). A.2.0 A.1.9 A.1.4 A.1.1 A.1.8 A.2.7 A.2.1 A.1.2 A.2.6 A.2.5 A.1.7 A.1.3 A.2.2 A.1.5 A.2.4 A.1.6 A.2.3 Figure 16 A Network With No Hierarchy...
Page 74: Peer Group Leader
4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK In Figure 17, the hierarchical network is created with the same nodes. Each node belongs to one of the peer groups. This example will also be used in later sections to describe the different aspects of PNNI. Peer Group A.2 Peer Group A.1 A.2.1...
Page 75 PNNI Routing while complete information is transmitted downstream. This information is stored in the topology database. In this network topology, you can also see that there are 14 border nodes. Physical Links and Logical Links In the lowest level hierarchy, any connection between two nodes is a physical link.
Page 76: One Node's View Of The Network
4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK One Node’s View of In Figure 18, the network view of node A.3.1 is shown. The solid lines in the figure represent physical connections. The dotted line represents how the Network the group is summarized in the hierarchy. The dashed lines represent logical links.
Page 77: Information Exchange In Pnni
PNNI Routing Information Each node exchanges hello packets with its immediate neighbors and uses this information to determine its local state information. Exchange in PNNI Hello Messages In Figure 17 there are 3 peer groups. A, B and C. Each group has different switches and workstations connected to it.
Page 78 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK Table 19 shows the list of information node A.1.2 collects from its neighbors after the hello protocols are sent. Table 19 Topology Database for Node A.1.2 Node ID A.1.2 A.1.3 A.2.1 A.3.1 The learning does not stop here. After the hello message has been broadcasted, the nodes in the network scan the information they have collected.
Page 79 In Figure 20, node A.1.2 will not transmit information about A.2.1, because A.1.2 is in peer group A.1 and A.2.1 is in peer group A.2. After all the PTSE information has been exchanged among all the members of the peer group, the topology databases of each of the peer group members are synchronized.
Page 80: Peer Group Leader Elections
4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK Node # 1 Id= A.1.2:60.0.0.0.0.3c.0.20.11.5.A.1.2 PTSE_Id Length Type Seq. no. CkSum Lifetime Description Figure 21 Partial Topology Database Readout After the topology databases of each peer group are synchronized, the Peer Group Leader Elections nodes ask each other for their priority level. The network manager assigns a priority level to each node as it is configured.
Page 81 hierarchy level where it will meet the leaders of B and C. Aggregated information is exchanged and each node will transmit down the hierarchy all that it has learned. At this point the complete topology database for each node has been filled. Figures 6 and 7 show the next two hierarchical levels, thereby completing the process.
Page 82 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK Level 3 Hierarchy Level = 64 Level 2 Hierarchy Level = 80 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.1.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 Level1 Hierarchy Level = 96 Peer Group Leader Physical Link Logical Link Figure 23 The Entire Network At this point, information from each group is distributed to the third level hierarchy.
Page 83: Uplinks In A Hierarchical Structure
the hierarchy). Table 21 shows the updated topology database that node A.1.2 will have after receiving this new information. Table 21 Updated Database for Node A.1.2 Node ID A.1.2 A.1.3 A.1.1 Uplinks in a When a hierarchy is created, uplinks from the lowest level to the higher Hierarchical Structure levels are created.
Page 84: Configuring The Pnni Network
ERSION ATM Address Format Quality of Service Metrics Creating a PNNI Network in the CoreBuilder 7000 13 bytes for hierarchical positioning (Peer Group ID) 6 bytes for a flat station identifier (similar to an Ethernet address) 1 byte for a selector (not used for routing)
Page 85: Path Selection
ATM Addressing Example If we take peer groups A, B, and C from Figure 17 as an example, each node in the groups would have the following ATM addresses as presented in Table 23: Table 23 ATM Prefix / Addresses for a Typical Network Node A.1.1 A.1.2.
Page 86: Configuring The Corebuilder 7000 For Pnni
DTL then the node must refuse that request and must crankback the request to the node that created the DTL. Configuring the To configure the CoreBuilder 7000 for PNNI refer to the CoreBuilder CoreBuilder 7000 for 7000 Family ATM Switches Installation & Setup Guide.
Page 87: Pnni Signaling Protocol
PNNI Signaling This section will cover PNNI signaling. Topics that will be covered include: Protocol PNNI Signaling As stated earlier, PNNI is a signaling protocol used between networks, not users. Figure 26 displays the signaling options that exist in a typical network.
Page 88: Establishing A Channel In Pnni With A Flat Network
4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK mechanisms that ensure that the data will be transferred without having to send a disconnect message to the source. In this section, the example shown in Figure 27 will be used. Node A.1.1 Establishing a Channel in PNNI with wants to establish a connection to send data to node A.2.6.
Page 89: Alternate Routing And Crankback
connection is established and the data is sent. These connections are permanent because they are established administratively, rather than on a demand basis. If the signal is to be established by demand, it is known as a soft PVC or soft PVCC. Occasionally, after the decision has been made by the switch to open a Alternate Routing channel in a certain direction, the link may fail or the attributes may...
Page 90 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK The signal between nodes A.2.3 and A.2.2 has failed. A.2.3 will send a PTSE message that will be flooded to all nodes in the network. At the same time, it will crankback the signal to the source, so that an alternate route can be chosen.
Page 91: Establishing A Channel In A Hierarchical Network
A.1.4 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.1.7 A.1.3 A.1.5 A.1.6 Source Destination Figure 30 Alternate Routing Establishing a In this section, the example shown in Figure 27 will be used. Node A.1.1 wants to establish a connection to send data to node A.2.6. Channel in a Hierarchical Network A.1.8...
Page 92 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK A.2.1 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.2.2 A.1.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 Peer Group Leader Source Destination Figure 31 Signaling in a Hierarchical Network There are many paths that the signal can take. Based on reachability, QoS metrics and current information available about the links, the path from A.1.1 to A.2.6 is chosen.
Page 93: Alternate Routing And Crankback
Alternate Routing Occasionally, after the decision has been made by the switch to open a channel in a certain direction, the link may fail or the attributes may and Crankback change. When the switch detects this change, it does not close the connection and send a disconnect message.
Page 94 4: P HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK A.2.1 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.2.2 A.1.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 Peer Group Leader Source Destination Node to Where Signal Cranked Back Figure 33 Crankback in a Hierarchy In Figure 33, the signal crankedback 1 hop. In a hierarchical network the signal only has to crankback to the first node it can find that has an alternate path available.
Page 95 A.2.1 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.2.2 A.1.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 Peer Group Leader Source Destination Node to Where Signal Cranked Back DTL List for this Transmission: DTL:[A.2.2, A.2.3] DTL:[A.2] DTL:[A,B,C] Figure 34 Alternate Routing in a Hierarchy In this example a new DTL is generated as shown and the signal is sent. At no point in the process is the call released.
Page 96 4: P (PNNI) V HAPTER RIVATE ETWORK ETWORK NTERFACE ERSION...
Page 97: Establishing Atm Channels
ATM is a connection-oriented transport service, much like a telephone. Unlike Ethernet, where data is sent out on a common bus, ATM requires that a path or virtual channel be established to carry the call from the source station to the destination station before data transmission can begin.
Page 98 5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING This section discusses the external link, established by signaling. For a discussion of the internal links, which are established by routing, see “Routing — Internal Links” on page 125 in the Management Guide. A simple example of a virtual channel is shown as a dashed line in Figure 35.
Page 99: External Links - Atm Connections
External Links – ATM Each external link, referred to as an ATM connection, is uniquely characterized by a pair of integers VPI and VCI called the Virtual Path Connections Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier. The default range is VPI: 0-7; VCI: 32-511VPI: 0-2 The VPI/VCI pairs are allocated by the ports at both ends of the external link.
Page 100: Switched Virtual Channels
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Switched Virtual A virtual channel can be set up either automatically by signalling, in which case it is called a switched virtual channel (SVC), or, you can set it Channels up manually through LMA in which case it is called a permanent virtual channel (PVC).
Page 101: Vp Tunneling
Table 24 Comparison of SVC and PVC Demand connections Not automatically re-established after network failure Remain active for arbitrary amount of time in the LANE environment Supported by signaling standard VP Tunneling As mentioned previously, a virtual path (VP) is a set of virtual channels with a common VPI value.
Page 102: Configuring Vp Tunnels
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Table 26 VP Tunnels in a Port VP Tunnel One VP tunnel per port can be allocated to point-to-multipoint calls. Each of these VP tunnels is associated with a virtual UNI; it has its own ILMI MIB, UME management, and addressing operations (see “Virtual UNI”...
Page 103 In setting up such a system, assign the largest Net Prefix among all participating CoreBuilder switches to the multicast server switch (for example, the CoreBuilder 7000 which contains the LES/BUS). This causes the multicast server to assume a network profile, ensuring that it will determine the VPI/VCI values for the connection.
Page 104: Virtual Uni
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING CoreBuilder 7000 Figure 36 LAN over WAN Virtual UNI As defined in the basic UNI specification, each ILMI MIB is intended to maintain management information about a single interface. Each interface is assumed to connect a single user to a single switch port and all ILMI information is exchanged directly between users and switches.
Page 105: Signaling Protocol
Table 27 displays the signaling message set in the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch, organized according to type of message.
Page 106: Setup Message
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Table 27 Signaling Messages According to Type Connect PARTY ALERTING ADD PARTY ACKNOWLEDGE Each message is composed of information elements that carry the details of the message. Displaying Signaling Messages To display signaling messages statistics, see “Signaling Statistics” on page 247 in the Management Guide.
Page 107: Connect Message
(Net). When the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch is connected to another CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch, the port of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch with the highest Network Prefix is assigned the network profile and the port of the other CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch is assigned the user (Usr) profile.
Page 108: Establishing A Virtual Channel
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Displaying the Signaling Protocol Profile To display or update the signaling protocol profile, see “Update Signaling Protocol Profile” on page 202 in the Management Guide. Establishing a Virtual Figure 37 shows the steps involved in establishing a virtual channel. In Channel steps edge device and the switch.
Page 109: Point-To-Multipoint Calls
Point-to-Multipoint A point-to-multipoint call is a collection of associated ATM VC or VP links, with associated endpoint nodes. A connection is defined as a section of a Calls call. A point-to-multipoint call has the following properties: The source endpoint serves as the root in a simple tree topology. When this link node sends information, all of the remaining nodes on the call receive copies of the information.
Page 110 5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING HANNELS Edge Device CoreBuilder Switch Edge Device Establishment phase Active phase End-to-end connection Clearing phase Figure 38 Signaling Message Sequence for a Point-to-Point Connection Point-to-Multipoint Connection Figure 39 shows the sequence of signaling messages for setting up a point-to-multipoint external link (connection) between a root station and a set of destinations (leaves) by signaling.
Page 111: Signaling Timers
Signaling — External Links Figure 39 Signaling Message Sequence for a Point-to-Multipoint Connection Each signaling protocol comes with a set of timers, one for each type of Signaling Timers message in the protocol. These timers determine when an expected response to a message is overdue. They are set to the expected response time when the message is sent and decrement towards zero.
Page 112 5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Table 28 Q.2931 Watchdog Timers — User End Timer Name T301 T303 T308 T309 T310 T313 T316 T316c T317 T322 T397 T398 T399 TDISC Table 29 Q.2931 Watchdog Timers — Network End Timer Name T301 HANNELS Default...
Page 113: Timer Resolution
When the timer resolution is changed, all timers are affected. The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch is shipped with a default timer resolution of 500 msec (0.5 secs). In order to change the value of an...
Page 114: Signaling Aal
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING (see “Update Protocol Timer Resolution” on page 212 in the Management Guide). Signaling AAL The signaling described previously takes place in signaling channels kept separate from the channels used for data transmission. The SAAL (Signaling AAL) is the adaptation layer used in these signalling channels.
Page 115: Sscop Timers
Table 30 SSCOP PDUs According to Type Function Management data transfer SSCOP Timers Table 31 and Table 32 present the SSCOP watchdog timers. Table 31 SSCOP Timers SSCOP Timer Poll Keep-Alive No-Response Idle Table 32 SSCOP Timer Default Values Parameter Name Poll Keep alive No response...
Page 116: Sscop Configuration Parameters
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING For stability, the timer No-Response should be greater than the timer Keep-Alive and the timer No-Response should be greater than the timer Poll. Timer No-Response and timer CC should be set to a value greater than the round trip delay.
Page 117: Call Admission Control
QoS of connections already existing at the element. Specifically, the CAC of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch: GCAC Algorithm The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch uses the Generic CAC algorithm to determine if a connection request can be approved. GCAC for VBR and CBR Service Classes...
Page 118 CRM and SCR 5 Compare DeltaCR with ACR. If DeltaCR < ACR accept the connection, otherwise reject it. Figure 40 shows the cell rate utilization for the entire CoreBuilder 7000 switch for the VBR and CBR Service Classes. HANNELS Sustained cell rate (SCR) —...
Page 119 The GCAC for the ABR service is similar to that of the VBR service except that it is based on the minimum cell rate (MCR) parameter read from the traffic contract. Figure 41 shows the cell rate utilization for the entire CoreBuilder 7000 switch for the ABR Service Class. Available Cell Rate...
Page 120: Uni Signaling 4.0 Features
STABLISHING UNI Signaling 4.0 This section describes the features added in UNI Signaling 4.0 which are Features supported by the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. These include: ATM Anycast The anycast address in an ATM network provides redundancy and load Capability sharing in a network.
Page 121: Signaling Of Individual Qos Parameters
Signaling of The CoreBuilder 7000 switch lets you indicate individual quality of service Individual QoS parameter values for a specific call. This information take precedence over Parameters the standard QoS parameters and is passed over the network. If individual quality of service parameters cannot be transported over the output port (for example, if it is running UNI 3.0) the information is removed from the...
Page 122: Message Conversion Between Signaling Protocols
STABLISHING Message Conversion In order to transmit a signaling message across interfaces which have Between Signaling different signaling protocols at each end, the CoreBuilder 7000 switch Protocols performs message conversion. The conversion handles the follow signaling protocols: Conversion is performed for: Quality of Service There are many QoS parameters that can be set for any connection.
Page 123 The bandwidth available from the network may vary, but does not become less than MCR. The CoreBuilder 7000 switch forwards the ABR information to the end users. Three information elements are involved in the signaling of ABR capability: 1 ATM traffic descriptor. includes:...
Page 124: Constant Bit Rate Service Class
5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING This capability applies only when the SETUP message contains a Broadband bearer capability, that is, when "ABR" is indicated in the ATM transfer capability field. Constant Bit Rate CBR, or Constant Bit Rate Service, is used by connections which request a Service Class static amount of bandwidth that is continuously available during the connection lifetime.
Page 125: Unspecified Bit Rate Service Class
This section discusses the internal links, which are established by routing. E-IISP Hierarchic The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch E-IISP protocol features a Routing Algorithm proprietary hierarchic routing algorithm by which calls are routed efficiently through a network with a hierarchic topology. The routing algorithm determines the optimum output port of the switch on which to transmit the call onwards towards its destination.
Page 126 The routing method consists of the following steps: 1 The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch receives the ATM address of the destination ATM user, the ATM destination address, from the signaling SETUP message that establishes the external link to the input port. The...
Page 127: Hop Limit - Avoiding Loops
“Display Call Routed to ATM Address” on page 165 in the Management Guide. Crankback The crankback mechanism in the CoreBuilder 7000 switch automatically re-routes a call in case a virtual channel cannot be established on the path fixed by the routing algorithm. This can happen for a number of reasons: but on a different branch.
Page 128: Physical-Link Failure Indicator
Link Failure When a physical link between a CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch and a neighboring device fails, the virtual channels that carry calls through that link are affected. The network acts to establish an alternate virtual channel over the network to enable the call to continue.
Page 129: Link Failure Detection
Previously, link failure was detected by the switch based on ATM signaling, a relatively slow process. Version 4.0 features a new hardware-based link-failure detection mechanism. With this new mechanism, the CoreBuilder 7000 initiates failover immediately after physical link failure. The link-failure detection hardware has the following properties:...
Page 130 5: E ATM C HAPTER STABLISHING Table 34 Parameters in Selecting Link-Failure Sensitivity Sensitivity High Medium HANNELS Speed of Time (seconds) Detection High Medium Certainty of Detection Medium High...
Page 131: Atm Switching
ATM S The previous two chapters presented the concept of virtual channel, what a virtual channel is and how it is built. This chapter discusses how ATM data travels, or is switched, over a virtual channel. This chapter provides basic concepts and information about: ATM Switching Traffic Statistics Traffic Management...
Page 132: Atm Switching
6: ATM S HAPTER WITCHING ATM Switching ATM switching is performed at the ATM layer through virtual channels. Individual cells are switched over the channel through the network based on the cell header. ATM Edge Device ATM edge device converts packets A, B into cells a,b, Two calls, A and writes the VPI/VCI...
Page 133 UNI link. ETHERNET LS2700 VPI = 6 VCI = 412 CoreBuilder 7000 Figure 43 ATM Switching over Virtual Channel Cells are switched and their VPI/VCI field is translated by every ATM switch along the path between end stations.
Page 134: Traffic Statistics
General switch statistics include a cumulative summary of calls through Statistics the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch presented according to type of virtual channel (PVC or SVC), and type of call (P2P or P2M). For details and examples, see “General Statistics” on page 232 in the Management Guide.
Page 135: Traffic Management
Management management services for handling congestion including: Frame Discard The CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switch can discard cells at the frame (AAL Capability protocol data unit) level. The switch detects the frame boundaries by examining the SDU-type in the payload type field of the ATM cell header.
Page 136 EFCI bit. Priority Output Queues The CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switch assigns its output queues two levels of priority: high priority and low priority. It processes the address bits associated with each cell and determines whether the associated cell is loaded into the high priority or low priority queue.
Page 137: Lan Emulation Versions
MULATION LAN Emulation Overview Emulated LAN Components Emulated LAN Connections Operation of the LAN Emulation LAN Emulation in the CoreBuilder 7000 LAN Emulation Redundancy LANE Security LANE Version 2.0 Connectionless Services — LAN stations are able to send data without previously establishing connections. LANE provides the appearance of connectionless services to the participating end stations.
Page 138: Emulated Lan Components
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION LANE also provides an interface for which to provide these services. LAN User to Network Interface (LUNI) was developed for this purpose. A more detailed description is found later in this chapter. Emulated LAN LAN Emulation is implemented as a set of connection services collectively Components called an emulated LAN (ELAN).
Page 139: Lan Emulation Client (Lec)
Figure 44 LUNI Interface in Relation to LANE Clients and Services LAN Emulation Client The LAN Emulation Client (LEC) performs data forwarding and address (LEC) resolution, provides a MAC level emulated Ethernet service interface to higher level software, and implements the LANE User to Network Interface (LUNI) in order to communicate with other components within a single ELAN.
Page 140: Lan Emulation Server (Les)
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION LAN Emulation Server The LAN Emulation Server (LES) coordinates and controls an ELAN. It (LES) provides the central “directory” service of an ELAN to which a LEC can turn to look up the ATM address of another LEC. The LES directory contains a table of LAN destinations (LAN destination refers to either a MAC address or a Route Descriptor) together with the ATM addresses of the LECs that represent them.
Page 141: Configuring Lane Into Your Network
Configuring LANE LANE can be configured in an ATM network in several ways: Into Your Network More than one ELAN can operate on the same ATM network. However, each of the emulated LANs is independent of the others and users cannot communicate directly across ELAN boundaries.
Page 142: Data Vccs
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Table 36 Control VCCs VCC Name From Configuration Control-direct Control-distribute Data VCCs Data VCCs carry data frames between LECs and between a LEC and the BUS. Unicast data is normally sent from one LEC to another LEC by data-direct VCCs.
Page 143: Frame Ordering
Emulated LAN Connections Figure 46 VCCs in LAN Emulation Components Frame Ordering There are two paths for unicast frames between a sending LAN Emulation Client and a receiving client: one via the BUS and one via a data direct VCC between them. For a given LAN destination, a sending client is expected to use only one path at a time, but the choice of paths may change over time.
Page 144: Operation Of The Lan Emulation
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Figure 47 The Flush Protocol Operation of the The following functions are performed by the LAN Emulation. The LAN LAN Emulation Emulation Clients (LEC) and the LAN Emulation Servers interact by way of a well-defined interface (LUNI). Connecting a LEC to The connection function of the LEC with the LAN Emulation Server an ELAN...
Page 145: Registration
The establishment of a connection to the BUS by the LAN Emulation Client. The LECS Connect and Configuration phases may be bypassed for certain applications. The Registration phase may also be bypassed if the LEC performs required address registration during the Join phase. The processes connecting the LEC to the ELAN are shown in Figure 48.
Page 146: Address Resolution
ELAN LES addresses to 13 bytes switch prefix, 6 bytes switch MAC address and a 1 byte selector signifying the ELAN of the LES (0-f). The BUS address within the CoreBuilder 7000 is identical to the LES address for the corresponding ELAN.
Page 147: Connecting A Lec To An Elan
140) the LECS in the CoreBuilder enables a LEC wishing to join an ELAN to obtain a LES address. The LEC connects to the LECS within one of the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switches in the ATM cloud through the LAN Emulation in the CoreBuilder 7000...
Page 148: Lecs Address Access
When the connection of LEC to LECS is established, the LECS identifies an appropriate LES using the search policies discussed below and transfers the LES address to the LEC. A LECS database within the CoreBuilder 7000 stores the network structure.
Page 149 LES and BUS connections are presented above (see “Emulated LAN Connections” on page 141). After the initial registration of the LAN Emulation Client (LEC) with the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM switch, the LEC sets up the Control Direct VCC, a direct bi-directional point-to-point connection with the LES.
Page 150: Address Resolution
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION ERSIONS CoreBuilder 7000 Figure 50 LES and BUS Connections Address Resolution When a LEC needs to forward a unicast data frame whose LAN destination is not found in its local Forwarding Data Base it attempts to locate a LEC that represents the LAN destination on the ATM network.
Page 151: Configuring Les Le_Arp Policies
LAN Emulation in the CoreBuilder 7000 Description Checks the address table of the LES in the CoreBuilder 7000. If the LAN destination is not found, it sends the LE_ARP request to all LECs in the ELAN. If the LAN destination is found, it sends the LE_ARP response to recipients selected according to the ELAN response policy.
Page 152: Unknown, Multicast And Broadcast Frames
When the “Respond” policy is selected, the address table of the LES in the CoreBuilder 7000 is searched for the LAN destination. If the LAN destination is not found, then this additional policy gives the operator the option to reject the LE_ARP request.
Page 153: Lan Emulation Redundancy
See the CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switches Installation and Startup Guide for a description of how to install switch cards with LANE redundancy. The LANE redundancy facility of the CoreBuilder 7000 has the following advantages: LANE Services in the CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch Card...
Page 154: Lane Services In The Corebuilder 7000 Family Atm Switch Card
LANE services that were provided by the LECS and LESs of the failed switch are efficiently and reliably transferred to back up LECS and LESs in other CoreBuilder 7000 switches in the network. The LECS redundancy and the LES redundancy are handled by...
Page 155: Les Redundancy Facility - Configuring The Elan Topology
LECS-order database “Add LECS to LECS-Order Database” on page 261 in the Management Guide. LES Redundancy When a network has more than one CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM Facility - Configuring switch, you can create redundant LESs for an ELAN. When you designate...
Page 156 7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION ERSIONS about the LESs associated with each ELAN and can take over as the active LECS at any time. LMA Commands To enter the primary LES by LMA, see “Add ELAN” on page 301 in the Management Guide;...
Page 157 LECS 1 ATM Connec tions LECS 2 Prim ar y ELAN LECS 3 Figure 51 ATM Connections between LECS and LES If the primary LES for an ELAN is marked operational, the LECS assigns it as the active LES and the secondary as the redundant LES, otherwise the secondary LES is assigned as active.
Page 158 LES to become the active LES again by using an LMA command (see “Make Primary LES Active” on page 311 in the Management Guide). You need to perform this command on all CoreBuilder 7000 switches with active LECS and verify the result.
Page 159: Selecting Lan Emulation Redundancy Mode
LECs turn to the LECS to be readmitted to the ELAN they are directed to the primary LES and the ELAN is reunited. Selecting LAN Two types of LANE redundancy are available in the CoreBuilder 7000 ATM Emulation switch: LECS-based LANE redundancy as described previously, or the Redundancy Mode NMS-based LANE redundancy which was the standard prior to version 4.
Page 160: Lane Redundancy Start-Up Delay
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION You verify if the LECS-based LANE redundancy mode is enabled through the LMA (see “Display LE Service Redundancy” on page 263 in the Management Guide). LANE Redundancy The LANE redundancy mechanism does not begin operating at system Start-up Delay power-up but rather has a user-adjustable start-up delay.
Page 161: Lane Security
There is an important pre-condition for LANE redundancy to operate correctly. Under some circumstances, some LECs cannot bind to the backup LES even when they get the correct information about the backup LES from the LECS. This may be due to problems with route redundancy.
Page 162: General Concepts
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION General Concepts Security Table Each ELAN can have a security table of ATM addresses of LECs and their join privileges. The table entries can be full ATM addresses of individual LECs or they can be network prefixes corresponding to a group of LECs in a network section.
Page 163 have the join privilege, the LES prevents the LEC from joining the ELAN by sending it an ACCESS_DENIED response code. Best Match Verification—Admitting Individual LECs in a Group The entry in an ELAN security table with the best (longest) match with a candidate LEC address determines the LEC’s right to join the ELAN.
Page 164: Security Algorithm
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Security Algorithm The algorithm for allowing a LEC to join an ELAN is shown in Figure 52: Figure 52 LEC Admission Algorithm The factory default configuration is the following: Factory Default Configuration ERSIONS LEC 3 and LEC 4 are rejected because there is no match in the table, and the ELAN default join privilege is REJECT.
Page 165: Lma Security Commands
LANE Security All security tables are empty. Thus, if the switch has the factory default configuration, all LECs can join all ELANs. LMA Security This section presents an overview of the LMA LANE security commands Commands (see “LEC not in ELAN Security List” on page 356 in the Management Guide“).
Page 166: Lane Version 2.0
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Restore Security Configuration This operation restores the security configuration from the flash. It can also be used as an “undo” operation for any changes that were not saved to the flash (see “Restore Security Configuration” on page 370 in the Management Guide“).
Page 167: Multi Protocol Over Atm (Mpoa)
LANE Version 2.0 Multi Protocol over The main objective of MPOA is to provide a method of allowing ATM (MPOA) inter-subnet (or inter-ELAN) communication without requiring that every packet suffer the latency and delay that can be induced by a layer three router.
Page 168: Selective Multicast Groups
The SMS provides a MAC layer multicast scoping function. In the CoreBuilder 7000 registration to a multicast group is supported through the ARP, but traffic is directed via the BUS. New ELAN ID In order to allow the new frame encapsulation format (described below) to work, a new frame size and format was developed.
Page 169 traffic for each ELAN, the direct data VC s encapsulate each packet with an LLC header that includes the ELAN ID for each packet. This feature requires new frame encapsulation format to be used by LANE 2.0 that was not used in LANE 1.0. This feature has a special TLV in register and ARP.
Page 170: Backward Compatibility And Mixture Of Lecs Of Both Lane Versions
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Figure 54 LANE LCC Multiplexed Data Frame Format (LANE 2.0 only) Backward LECs with LANE version1 and LANE version 2 can exist in the same ELAN. Compatibility and The LEC with LANE version 1.0 will receive some LE control frames with TLVs from Version 2.0.
Page 171: Mpoa Devices Configuration
MPOA Devices The switch allows configuration of MPOA entities: MPS and MPC. The Configuration configuration is general so that all MPSs and MPCs that request configuration receive the same parameters. Display Current MPS Displays all the current settings of the MPS variables. Configuration Command Actions Enter menu sequence:...
Page 172: Set Keep-Alive Time
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION MPOA Server Configuration Parameters Table 43 MPOA Server Configuration Parameters Name keep-alive time keep-alive lifetime internetwork-layer protocols MPS initial retry time MPS retry time maximum MPS give up time default holding time Set Keep-Alive Time Sets the MPS-p1 keep-alive time parameter.
Page 173: Set Internetwork Layer Protocols
Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter keep-alive lifetime Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Internetwork Sets the MPS-p3 protocols parameter. Layer Protocols MPOA Devices Configuration (2) LEM: LAN Emulation (5) MPA: MPOA Devices Configuration (1) MPS: MPOA Server Configuration (3) MP2: Set keep-alive lifetime...
Page 174: Set Initial Retry Time
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter internetwork-layer protocols Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Initial Retry Time Sets the MPS-p4 initial retry time parameter. ERSIONS (2) LEM: LAN Emulation (5) MPA: MPOA Devices Configuration...
Page 175: Set Retry Time Maximum
Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter initial retry time Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Retry Time Sets the MPS-p5 retry time maximum parameter. Maximum Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter retry time maximum...
Page 176: Set Default Holding Time
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter give-up time Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Default Holding Sets the MPS-p7 default holding time parameter. Time ERSIONS (2) LEM: LAN Emulation...
Page 177: Display Current Mpc Configuration
Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter default holding time Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Display Current MPC Displays all the current settings of the MPC variables. Configuration Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Direct access sequence: Command Result...
Page 178: Set Shortcut Setup Frame Count
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION MPOA Client Configuration ------------------------- MPC-p1 shortcut-setup frame count: MPC-p2 shortcut-setup frame time: MPC-p3 flow detection protocols: MPC-p4 MPC initial retry time: MPC-p5 MPC retry time maximum: MPC-p6 hold down time: MPOA Client Configuration Parameters Table 44 MPOA Client Configuration Parameters Name shortcut-setup frame count shortcut-setup frame time...
Page 179: Set Shortcut Setup Frame Time
Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter shortcut-setup frame count Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Shortcut Setup Sets the MPC-p2 shortcut-setup frame time parameter. Frame Time MPOA Devices Configuration (2) LEM: LAN Emulation (5) MPA: MPOA Devices Configuration (2) MPC: MPOA Client Configuration...
Page 180: Set Flow Detection Protocols
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter shortcut-setup frame time Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Flow Detection Sets the MPC-p3 flow detection protocols parameter. Protocols ERSIONS (2) LEM: LAN Emulation...
Page 181: Set Initial Retry Time
Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter flow detection protocols 1 - NONE Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Initial Retry Time Sets the MPC-p4 initial retry time parameter. MPOA Devices Configuration (2) LEM: LAN Emulation (5) MPA: MPOA Devices Configuration...
Page 182: Set Retry Time Maximum
7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION Command Actions Enter menu sequence: Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter initial retry time Direct access sequence: Command Result System action taken: System message display: Set Retry Time Sets the MPC-p5 retry time maximum parameter. Maximum Command Actions Enter menu sequence:...
Page 183 Command Actions Enter menu sequence: (2) LEM: LAN Emulation (5) MPA: MPOA Devices Configuration (2) MPC: MPOA Client Configuration Enter a parameter at the prompt Parameter Format or Range hold down time 30 - 1200 (seconds) Direct access sequence: 2 5 2 7 Command Result System action taken: The hold down time parameter is set.
Page 184 7: LAN E HAPTER MULATION ERSIONS...
Page 185: Virtual Networks
A Virtual LAN, as opposed to an Ethernet LAN, has the great advantage Advantages of being very easy to manage from a central location. 3Com’s Transcend Manager application is the tool of choice for this job. Stations are added IRTUAL ETWORKS ®...
Page 186 This leaves your routers free to route traffic across the virtual LAN boundaries and into the WAN. According to the enabling technology, VLANs are divided into three types: VLAN types ATM-based VLANs, Tag-based VLANs and Protocol-based VLANs. ATM-based VLANs are used in the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch.
Page 187: Vlans In The Corebuilder 7000
VLANs in the A VLAN in the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch is defined simply as CoreBuilder 7000 an Emulated LAN together with all Ethernet segments and servers attached to it. The Ethernet segments are represented in the ELAN by LECs.
Page 188: Admin And Default Vlans
VLAN (“admin” VLAN) is dedicated in the edge device to this task. In the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch, one admin VLAN serves all interface cards installed in the entire box.
Page 189: Vlans In A Corebuilder 7600 Card
VLANs in the CoreBuilder 7000 VLANs in a As an example, this section discusses how VLANs are defined in the CoreBuilder 7600 CoreBuilder 7600 Fast Ethernet interface card of the CoreBuilder 7000 Card family ATM switch. Connecting Ethernet Segments to a VLAN...
Page 190 8: V HAPTER IRTUAL ETWORKS Fast Ethernet Ports: 1 Fast Ethernet Ports: Figure 56 VLAN Connectivity through 7600 Cards Engineering Bridged-LAN Environment LANs: Bridge Ports: Bridge 1 LE Client 1 (ELAN 1) 7600 Card 1 LES, BUS (ELAN 1) Switch Card ELAN 1 Data Direct VCC 7600 Card 2...
Page 191 Figure 57 shows a different way of viewing the relation between ELAN and VLAN. The VLAN is based on the ELAN. CoreBuilder 7000 Chassis LEC2 Marketing Figure 57 ELAN-Based Virtual LAN VLANs in the CoreBuilder 7000 Em ulated LAN BUS2 LES2 CoreBuilder 7000 Chassis CB7600 Modules...
Page 192: Virtual Lans For Three Workgroups
8: V HAPTER IRTUAL ETWORKS Virtual LANs for Figure 58 shows a network divided into three VLANs: Marketing, Finance, Three Workgroups and Administration. Even though these workgroups are distributed over different floors, LAN Emulation allows them to be managed as if the users were in the same physical location.
Page 193: Device Management
Two methods enable administration and management of the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch: Local Management The Local Management application is a menu-driven user interface for Application (LMA) system-level administration on the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch. Local Management supports the following functions: EVICE ANAGEMENT Overview...
Page 194: Communication Methods
[6] FTR: ATM features [7] LOG: Logout [8] VER: Version [9] FST: Fast Setup Figure 59 CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch Administration Console Viewing the event log RS-232 serial link. RS-232 serial link + modem (for use with a remote terminal).
Page 195: Snmp Agent
Information Base (MIB) industry-standard, de-facto standard, and enterprise-specific (proprietary) MIBs supported by the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch can be accessed. These MIBs are collections of related managed objects, such as error counters, ports, and network policies. The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch ATM switch supports the...
Page 196: Managing By Snmp
The CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch implements the SNMP agent by out-of-band access via the Ethernet port. Use the LMA to configure the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch’s IP address, subnet mask, NMS IP address, and the default gateway via the LM to enable access to the SNMP agent.
Page 197: Security
Read and one for Write. The default community strings are: Figure 60 SNMP Manager (Transcend ATM Manager) Chassis The CoreBuilder 7000 family switch has a single IP address which serves Management — both the switch card and any CoreBuilder 7200, 7400, 7600 and 7800 Single IP interface cards installed in the CoreBuilder 7000 chassis.
Page 198: Single Snmp Agent
Table 46, which was produced by a MIB browser, shows part of the information available in the MIB-II interface table, resident in the switch card. It represents a CoreBuilder 7000 switch with a 7200 and 7600 card installed. As mentioned, the information for the installed interface cards appears in one interface table.
Page 199 Table 46 MIB-II Interface Table Information (Partial) Index Descr Type elan9302_0 elan9302_1 elan9302_15 LAN Emulation Configuration Server Slot 3: CoreBuilder 7200 Ethernet/ATM Interface Card 3001 ATM over OC3. Port: 1. Slot: 3 3004 ATM over OC3. Port: 4. Slot: 3 3213 MACE - AMD ethernet-csm...
Page 200: Compatibility With Previous Versions
The second way is to use the Integrated Fast Setup procedure of the CoreBuilder 7000 switch card to define an admin VLAN for an individual CoreBuilder 7x00 card. Note, however, that when you use the Integrated Fast Setup, you are not required to define an admin VLAN for the CoreBuilder 7x00 cards.
Page 201: Rmon History
As another example of chassis management via single-IP, you can use the Transcend statistics for the entire CoreBuilder 7000 chassis via the RMON MIB in the CoreBuilder 7000 switch card and to view the resulting statistics. Through the Single-IP facility, you obtain Ethernet statistics for all CoreBuilder 7X00 interface cards installed in the chassis.
Page 202 Viewing Ethernet History Statistics via the LAN Sentry The LAN Sentry tool can be used to view RMON history statistics. The CoreBuilder 7000 switch card probes the unified RMON MIB database where it can extract statistical data for any of the installed CoreBuilder 7X00 cards.
Page 203 the port of the installed card whose statistics you want to view—in this case one of the Fast Ethernet ports of an installed CoreBuilder 7600 Fast Ethernet Interface card the type of statistics you want to view the sampling rate Figure 61 RMon History Selector Figure 62 shows the LAN Sentry variables.
Page 204: Ethernet Encapsulation Type
SNMP. The Ethernet frames transmitted by the managing device to the CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switch Ethernet port can be either of two types, depending on how the Ethernet data is encapsulated in the Ethernet frame. These are referred to as Ethernet encapsulation types: Standard encapsulation —...
Page 205: Service Console
(see “Update Ethernet Encapsulation Type” on page 83 in the Management Guide). Service Console The service port on the switching module can be connected to a service console for use by 3Com technicians or the user for software upgrades.
Page 206 9: D HAPTER EVICE ANAGEMENT...
Page 207: Switch Redundancy Overview
This chapter covers the following topics: Switch Redundancy A redundant switching module is a backup switching card that is capable Overview of performing all the tasks of the currently active switching module, if the active module fails. For this purpose, the redundant module’s database is kept up-to-date with all the network parameters that are configured in the active switching module.
Page 208 10: S HAPTER WITCH EDUNDANCY PVC robustness, i.e., PVC connections are not lost during the switch-over. Single cells are lost. A switch is ready to re-establish SVC connections after no more than 7 seconds. Manual database configuration is not required. Full configuration stored in the active switching module’s flash is automatically replicated to the redundant switching module’s flash.
Page 209: System Requirements
By CoreBuilder 7000 HD switches only (5 Gbps). If there is at least one interface card in the CoreBuilder 7000 chassis. The CoreBuilder 7000HD chassis must include at least one of the modules listed below. The reason for this is that communication between the switch engines is carried out via one of these modules;...
Page 210: Version 4.5 Features
CoreBuilder 7000. 8-port, 4-port and 7200 are the preferred boards for inter-switch communication. Malfunction of the active switching module. Manual reboot of the CoreBuilder 7000 by LMA, Telnet (soft reboot) or Transcend NMS. Software error in the active switching module.
Page 211: Switching Module Configuration Database
The software is downloaded to the active switch and from the active to Upgrading the Software the redundant switch. There is no need to reset the CoreBuilder 7000 in order to load the software to the redundant switch. Version 4.5 Features...
Page 212: Switch Redundancy Limitations
Up to Version 4.0 Features Identifying the Active When the CoreBuilder 7000 boots, the first of the two switching modules to begin operating becomes the active switching module. Switching Module After the unit has booted, the active switching module can be identified...
Page 213: Switch-Over Phases
The following table presents data which is transferred and data which must be updated manually. Table 50 Updating Configuration Database Data Transferred from Active to Redundant Switch CoreBuilder 7000 IP address NMS IP address Default gateway IP address LECS state LECS order list database (SW Ver. 3.50...
Page 214: Information Based On The Mac Address
Manual configuration of the redundant switch parameters listed in the table above must be done on a CoreBuilder 7000 other than the active one. Only upon configuration completion can the redundant switch be utilized in the active CoreBuilder 7000.
Page 215: Les And Lecs In One Corebuilder 7000
MAC address to the network devices. For devices that do not learn MAC addresses from a RARP, you will need to reset the IP address entry of the CoreBuilder 7000 in their device table. LES and LECS in One...
Page 216: Switch-Over Example In Corebuilder 7000
CoreBuilder 7000 shown in Figure 63. Figure 63 CoreBuilder 7000 with two switching modules (A - Active, B- Redundant) The LANE parameters are evaluated by the active switch and stored in flash memory. After inserting the (redundant) second switching module, the active module updates LANE parameters to the redundant switch’s...
Page 217: Technical Support
3Com recommends that you access the 3Com Corporation World Wide Web site. Online Technical 3Com offers worldwide product support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, Services through the following online systems: World Wide Web Site...
Page 218: 3Com Ftp Site
3Com FTP Site Download drivers, patches, software, and MIBs across the Internet from the 3Com public FTP site. This service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. To connect to the 3Com FTP site, enter the following information into...
Page 219: 3Com Facts Automated Fax Service
Access by Digital Modem ISDN users can dial in to the 3Com BBS using a digital modem for fast access up to 64 Kbps. To access the 3Com BBS using ISDN, call the following number: 1 847 262 6000 3Com Facts...
Page 220 A: T PPENDIX ECHNICAL UPPORT When you contact 3Com for assistance, have the following information ready: Here is a list of worldwide technical telephone support numbers: Country Telephone Number Asia, Pacific Rim Australia 1 800 678 515 Hong Kong 800 933 486...
Page 221: Returning Products For Repair
Returning Products Before you send a product directly to 3Com for repair, you must first for Repair obtain an authorization number. Products sent to 3Com without authorization numbers will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender’s expense. To obtain an authorization number, call or fax:...
Page 222 A: T PPENDIX ECHNICAL UPPORT...
Page 223: Rotocols And
This appendix provides you with basic concepts and information about interfaces and management protocols used in the ATM system including the following topics: Physical Layer Traditionally, the physical layer deals with bits and its function is to move a bit from place to place. The physical layer in ATM works with cells, much in the same way that the traditional physical layer deals with bits, defining physical media characteristics, line coding and framing.
Page 224: Physical Layer Interface
B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND The ATM SONET physical layer interface can be over UTP-5. In addition, numerous optical interfaces (e.g., Multi Mode, Single Mode) can be used. The SDH-STM-1 is a physical layer similar to the SONET-STS-3c with some differences in frame fields.
Page 225 Cell Scrambling: Provides a solution to bit patterns in the ATM cell payload (much like in the SONET). Cell scrambling can be enabled or disabled. PLCP Framing and Cell Delineation: Mapping of ATM cells into the DS-3 is accomplished by inserting the 53 bytes of ATM cells into the DS-3 PLCP.
Page 226: Atm Layer
B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND NTERFACES ATM Layer ATM Cell Structure The ATM cell is 48 bytes of payload and 5 bytes of header, information totaling 53 bytes. The header contains enough information to allow the network to forward each cell to its proper destination. The cell header also provides the network with the ability to implement congestion control and traffic management mechanisms.
Page 227: The Atm Layer
The ATM cell header consists of the following fields Table 51 ATM Cell Header Fields Field Full Field Name Generic Flow Control VPI/VCI Virtual Path Identifier/ Virtual Channel Identifier Payload Type Identifier Cell Loss Priority Header Error Control The ATM Layer ATM is based on a layered architecture.
Page 228 B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND This layer does not retransmit lost or corrupted information. The ATM layer also provides the capability to indicate the loss priority of the data carried in each cell (CLP). The ATM layer relies on the physical layer to provide for the transport of ATM cells between communicating ATM entities.
Page 229: Operation & Maintenance (Oam)
Operation & The Operation and Maintenance (OAM) functions associated with the Maintenance 155 Mbps UNI provide for transmission and reception of maintenance (OAM) and low level link performance monitoring between ATM devices. The functions of the OAM are handled at the Physical Layer as well as the ATM Layer.
Page 230 B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND UNI while PT 101 is used to identify the connection between user end stations. End-to-end OAM cells are passed by all intermediate nodes. The nodes in the path may monitor these cells. They can only be removed by the endpoint of the VPC (F4 flow) or VCC (F5 flow).
Page 231: Atm Adaptation Layer (Aal)
ATM Adaptation ATM Adaptation Layers (AALs) define how to deal with the contents of Layer (AAL) cells. The AAL performs Segmentation and Reassembly (SAR) on cells. It formats data into the 48-byte ATM cell payload, in effect adapting applications to the cell-based ATM layer. After the ATM cells reach their destination, they are reconstructed into higher-level data and transmitted to the respective local devices.
Page 232 B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND NTERFACES errors. It is padded to align to 48 bytes (see Figure 68). To indicate frame boundaries and determine when to reassemble and when to stop reassembling, the space bit for Payload Type (PT) in the cell header is zero except for the last cell in the packet (when it is a one).
Page 233 ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Figure 67 Service Classes and AAL Types Figure 68 AAL5 Frame Format Figure 69 Segmentation — Converting an ATM Frame to Cells...
Page 234 B: P PPENDIX ROTOCOLS AND NTERFACES...
Page 235 ATM S Physical Dimensions Environmental Requirements Operating Temperature Operating Humidity Storage Temperature Storage Humidity Thermal Rating Safety Agency Certifications Designed to Comply with AC Protection Electromagnetic Compatibility UILDER WITCH Height: 38.8 cm (15.3 in) Width: 3.81 cm (1.5 in) Depth: 32.7 cm (12.8 in) Weight: 1.7 kg (3.74 lb) 0°...
Page 236: 7000 Family Atm Switch Specifications
® C: C 7000 F PPENDIX UILDER Power Supply AC Line Frequency Input Voltage Options Current Rating Redundancy (optional) Standards supported SNMP ATM S AMILY WITCH PECIFICATIONS 47 to 63 Hz 110/220 Volt Auto selectable 5/2.8 amps typical dual power supplies MIB II (RFC 1213) AToM MIB (RFC 1695) AToM 2 (Circuit Statistics)
Page 237 CoreBuilder Management Switch Module and Interface LEDs Interface Card CoreBuilder Management Management and Interface Connectors Interfaces PWR - Power indication (Green) FAIL - Module fail indication (Red) ACT - Activity, module active and running (Yellow) 10BASE-T status - Ethernet port status (Green) Service port status - RS-232 (Green) Control port status - RS-232 (Green) FAIL...
Page 238 ® C: C 7000 F ATM S PPENDIX UILDER AMILY WITCH PECIFICATIONS...
Page 239: Guidelines For Avoiding Bodily Harm
CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT 3Com recommends that you do not look into the LED while it is powered on, either by the naked eye or through any magnifying device.
Page 240: Körperliche Schäden
To avoid damaging your CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Switch, follow Avoiding these precautions: Equipment Damage 3Com recommends that you do not look into the Laser while it is powered on, either by the naked eye or through any magnifying device. Class 1 laser products include...
Page 241: Schäden Am Gerät
Schäden am Gerät Um Schäden an ihrem CoreBuilder 7000 Family ATM Schalter zu vermeiden, folgen Sie diesen Vorsichtsmaßnahmen: Dommage causé à Afin d'éviter d'endommager le commutateur CoreBuilder 7000 Family l'équipement ATM Switch, prendre les précautions suivantes: When handling replacement parts, 3Com recommends that you always use a wrist strap connected to a proper ground.
Page 242 D: S PPENDIX AFETY NFORMATION...
Page 243: Glossary
LOSSARY Available Bit Rate. An ATM layer service category for which the limiting ATM layer transfer characteristics provided by the network may change subsequent to connection establishment. address prefix A string of 0 or more bits up to a maximum of 152 bits that is the lead portion of one or more ATM addresses.
Page 244 LOSSARY Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A transfer method used for LAN and WAN. ATM carries voice, video, and data at speeds up to 2.2 Gbps and can integrate geographically distant disparate networks. Also called cell relay. A set of protocols that translate user traffic from higher-layer protocols ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) into ATM format.
Page 245 CoreBuilder 7000 The 3Com CoreBuilder 7000/7000HD switch is a high-performance, modular ATM switch. Cell Loss Priority. A bit in the ATM cell header indicating that if there is a need to discard a cell, the cell with the CLP bit marked is to be discarded.
Page 246 LOSSARY connection- A form of packet-switching that requires a predefined circuit from source to destination to be established before data can be transferred. oriented communications A mechanism used by ATM networks when a connection setup request crankback is blocked. The path is rolled back to an intermediate node, which attempts to discover another path to the final destination.
Page 247 LOSSARY quality of service class makes use of explicit forward congestion indication. Ethernet A CSMA/CD, 10 Mbps, local area data network, developed by Xerox Corporation. It is one of the most popular baseband LANs in use. ELAN name The name assigned an ELAN (Emulated Local Area Network). End System Identifier.
Page 248 Transmission of auxiliary information, e.g., management messages over in-band the media also used by the system users. Up to four interface cards can be placed in the CoreBuilder 7000. Each interface card interface card contains four ATM ports for connection to network devices.
Page 249 LOSSARY LEC ID LAN Emulation Client Identifier: This identifier, contained in the LAN Emulation header, indicates the ID of the ATM host or ATM-LAN bridge. It is unique for every ATM Client. LECS LAN Emulation Configuration Server. This is the set of functions that provides an edge device with information regarding the location of the other LAN Emulation Services, that is LES and BUS.
Page 250 LOSSARY LUNI LAN Emulation User to Network Interface. The standardized interface between a LE client and a LE server (LES, LECS and BUS). MaxCR Maximum Cell Rate. This is the maximum capacity usable by connections belonging to the specified service category. Management Information Base.
Page 251 Operation and A cell that contains ATM LM information. It does not form part of the upper layer information transfer. Maintenance cell (OAM) out-of-band Transmission of auxiliary information e.g., management messages, over a medium other than that used by the system users. peer group A set of logical nodes which are grouped for purposes of creating a routing hierarchy.
Page 252 LOSSARY (Quality of Service) Quality of service is defined on an end-to-end basis in terms of the following attributes of the end-end-to-end ATM connection: Cell Loss Ration, Cell Transfer Delay and Cell Delay Variation. Quality of Service Parameters that are defined by the network manager and include (QoS) metrics information on bandwidth, guaranteed cell delay, jitter, and other performance options available for establishing a new ATM connection.
Page 253 A CoreBuilder 7000 switching module found in the slot just under the power supply. An additional switching module can be used for redundancy. The switching module contains a control port, a management port and a service port.
Page 254 LOSSARY experienced by a UBR connection, or as to the cell transfer delay experienced by cells on the connection. User-Network Interface. An interface point between ATM end users and a private ATM switch, or between a private ATM switch and the public carrier ATM network defined by physical and protocol specifications per ATM Forum UNI documents.
Page 255 NDEX Numbers 3Com bulletin board service (3Com BBS) 218 3Com Knowledgebase Web Services 217 3Com Transcend Manager 196 3Com URL 217 3ComFacts 219 AAL, see ATM Adaptation Layer ABR, see Available Bit Rate AC line frequency 236 AC protection 235...
Page 256 VCCs 149 conventions notice icons 14 text 14 core ATM network 27 CoreBuilder 7000 family ATM switches Installation and Startup Guide 16 Management Guide 16 Operations Guide 16 safety information 239 crankback 54, 66, 89, 93 current rating 236...
Page 257 database synchronization 79 default ELAN join privilege 162 ELAN parameters 146 virtual LAN 188 Designated Transit List (DTL) 86 documentation comments 18 related 16 Dommage causé à l'équipement 241 Dommages corporels 240 downloading software files from active to redundant switch 208 DS-3 interface 224, 225 cell scrambling 225 edge device 24...
Page 258 NDEX network 35 Interim Local Management Interface, see ILMI IP address 214 jitter 68 Körperliche Schäden 240 LAN emulation address resolution 146 address resolution protocol 152 ATM network 27 broadcast frames 152 components see LE components configuring into ATM network 141 connection management 146 frame ordering 143 multicast frames 152...
Page 259 MAC address 214, 216 publishing new 215 MAC driver interfaces in ATM stations 137 management connectors 237 overview 193 Management Information Base, see MIB manual configuration 50 manual discovery 47 member ID 40 message conversion between signaling protocols 122 browsing 198 SNMP 195 MIB-II interface table 198 MIBs 218...
Page 260 NDEX priority output queues 136 Private Network to Network Interface, see PNNI protocol flush 143 stack 211 standard addressing 148 PTSE, see PNNI Topology State Element (PTSE) public UNI DS-3 physical layer interface 224 PVC 100 connections 208 nrt-VBR 124 rt-VBR Q.2931 watchdog timers 111 Available Bit Rate (ABR) 122...
Page 261 211, 213 redundant 207 Synchronous Optical Network, see SONET system-level administration 193 table service registry 41 technical support 3Com Knowledgebase Web Services 217 3Com URL 217 bulletin board service 218 fax service 219 network suppliers 219 product repair 221 technology...
Page 262 NDEX paths 143 unknown frames 152 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) 125 URL 217 User Network Interface, see UNI Variable Bit Rate service category 117 VBR, see Variable Bit Rate VCCs control 141 control direct 149 control distribute 149 data 141, 142 data direct 151 multicast forward 149 point-to-point 152...
Page 263 One year warranty with 90 days of Advance Hardware Replacement service, subject to availability. The duration of the warranty for all other CoreBuilder 7000 Hardware Modules is: One Year limited — return to factory for free repair.
Page 264 (DOA) and a replacement shall be provided by advance replacement. The replacement product will normally be shipped not later than three (3) business days after 3Com’s verification of the DOA product, but may be delayed due to export or import procedures. When an advance replacement is provided and Customer fails to return the defective product to 3Com within fifteen (15) days after shipment of the replacement, 3Com will charge Customer for the replacement product, at list price.

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Corebuilder 7000 series

3Com CoreBuilder 7000 Operation Manual

About this Guide

Atm Network Basics

Network Interface Management

E-Iisp Protocol

Private Network

Establishing Atm Channels

Atm Switching

Lan Emulation Versions

Virtual Networks

Device Management

Technical Support

Rotocols and

Quick Links

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Summary of Contents for 3Com CoreBuilder 7000