Keysight N9923A FieldFox User Manual
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Keysight N9923A FieldFox User Manual

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User's Guide
Keysight
N9923A
FieldFox Analyzer

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Summary of Contents for Keysight N9923A FieldFox

  • Page 1 User’s Guide Keysight N9923A FieldFox Analyzer...
  • Page 2 Keysight shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or any information contained herein.
  • Page 3 Elements of this product's Software use SharpZipLib as an "as provided" stand alone capability. Copyright 2004 John Reilly This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    A.07.75 Firmware Release Updates ..........7 Overview ..................8 Options and Features ............... 8 Accessories ..................9 FieldFox Manuals, Software, and Supplemental Help ....9 Preparing for Initial Use of Your New FieldFox ......11 Check the Shipment ............... 11 Meeting Power Requirements for the AC/DC Adapter ... 11 Install the Lithium-Ion Battery .............
  • Page 5 Power Meter Mode ..............78 Power Meter Settings ..............79 Frequency Offset using Power Sensor (FOPS) – Option 208 ..85 FOPS Settings ................. 86 Pulse Measurements Mode - Option 330 .........91 Pulse Measurement Settings ............92 VVM (Vector Voltmeter) Mode ..........102 Overview ..................
  • Page 6 Reconditioning the Battery ............149 Battery Care ................... 150 Maximizing Battery Life............... 150 Lithium Ion Battery Disposal ............151 Safety Considerations ............152 Certification and Compliance Statements ........ 159 Appendix A: Connector Care Review ........161 Appendix B: Specifications/Data Sheet ........ 162 Appendix C: Instrument Calibration ........

  • Page 7: A.07.75 Firmware Release Updates

    A.07.75 Firmware Release Updates For customers upgrading FieldFox firmware, the following is a list of changes from the previous release: NA Mode Big Marker Display States ........33 VVM Mode VVM 180° Short Phase Offset ......106 All Modes (System) Update/Set Time using Internet ......

  • Page 8: Overview

    Cal on page 64 Built-in cal kit. Industry first! Power Meter Mode (Option 302) Power Meter Mode on page 78 Use with Keysight External USB Power Sensors Vector Voltmeter (VVM) Mode (Option 308) VVM Mode on page Measure electrical length Measurements: ▪...

  • Page 9: Accessories

    ▪ Download the latest version of the software at www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport Additional Features Languages on page ▪ Menus localized to 7 languages Accessories The following accessories are included with every N9923A FieldFox. Spare accessories can be ordered at any time. Accessory Part Description Number 8121-1351 Cable-Assembly Patch-5E RJ-45 Male/RJ-45 Male 7 FT-LG N9910X–873...
  • Page 10  FieldFox Data Link Software and Help – Free download.  Service Guide – Free download .  Firmware Updates – Check to see if you have the latest FieldFox firmware. Conventions that are used in the Manual  Hardkey indicates a front panel button. The functionality of these buttons does not change.

  • Page 11: Preparing For Initial Use Of Your New Fieldfox

    2. Carefully remove the contents from the shipping container, and verify that the standard accessories and your ordered options are included in the shipment according to the Box Contents List. 3. For any question or problems, refer to Contacting Keysight on page 2. Meeting Power Requirements for the AC/DC Adapter Voltage:...

  • Page 12: Install The Lithium-Ion Battery

    Install the Lithium-Ion Battery Step Notes 1. Open the battery door. Push the button on the battery compartment door while sliding the door outward. 2. Insert the battery. The terminals end of the battery is inserted into the compartment. 3. Close the battery door. Slide the battery compartment door upwards until it latches.

  • Page 13: Fieldfox On/Off Settings

    To conserve battery power:  Use Run/Hold to single-trigger a measurement when needed. is shown on Hold the display.  Press System then then Brightness. Use the ▲|▼ arrows, the rotary Display knob, or numeric keypad to adjust the brightness to dim the FieldFox display as much as possible.

  • Page 14: Fieldfox High-Temperature Protection

    FieldFox High-Temperature Protection The following features prevent degradation or damage in the event of high internal temperatures in the FieldFox. NOTE Do NOT store the FieldFox in the softcase while powered ON or in Stand By mode. How to monitor the internal FieldFox temperature: ...

  • Page 15: Take The Fieldfox Tour

    Take the FieldFox Tour Front Panel Preparing for Initial Use of Your New FieldFox...
  • Page 16 Front Panel Caption Description Learn More on Page: Power ON: press momentarily. STAND BY: with FieldFox power ON, press briefly. OFF: press and hold about 4 seconds until the FieldFox shuts off. Not lit: FieldFox OFF, not charging Green: FieldFox ON. Charging status indicated by battery icon on screen Orange, flashing: FieldFox STAND BY Orange, intensity increasing, flashing slowly: FieldFox OFF, charging...
  • Page 17 Top Panel Caption Description Learn More Port 1 For CAT and NA measurements, contains source and A / R1 receivers. CAT Mode on page 44 Maximum: ±50 VDC, +23 dBm RF NA Mode on page 20 Ext Trig/Ext Ref External Reference BNC connector to connect to an external Ext Ref on page 139 frequency reference.
  • Page 18 Screen Tour Caption Description Learn More on Page: Title – write your own text here Current Mode Run / Hold Display Format Scale/division Mode dependent Calibration Status (CAT and NA) Velocity Factor (Fault Meas) Averaging Status and Count Mode dependent Data / Mem Display (CAT and NA) 122- Trace Math Resolution Setting...

  • Page 19: How To Enter Numeric Values

    How to Enter Numeric Values Many settings on the FieldFox require the entry of numeric values. How to enter numeric values Use any combination of the following keys:  Numeric 0–9 keys, along with the polarity ( +/- ) key. ...

  • Page 20: Na (Network Analyzer) Mode

    NA (Network Analyzer) Mode Learn more about NA Mode measurements in the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm In this Chapter How to Measure S-parameters ......21 Mixed-mode measurements ......... 22 Parameter Conversion .......... 22 Receiver Measurements ........22 Multi-Trace Configurations ........23 Quick Settings ............

  • Page 21: Na Mode Settings

    NA Mode Settings Select NA Mode before making any setting in this section. How to select NA Mode  Press Mode_.  Then NA. About S-parameters S-parameters (scattering parameters) are used to describe the way a device modifies a signal. The FieldFox can measure four S-parameters. The syntax for each parameter is described by the following: S (out | in) out = FieldFox receiver port...

  • Page 22: Mixed-Mode Measurements

    All FieldFox settings and features are supported (except Parameter Conversion) with mixed-mode S-parameters. NOTE Learn more about Balanced Measurements with the FieldFox in the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm How to make mixed-mode S-parameter measurements  Press Measure 1  Then More ...

  • Page 23: Receiver Measurements

    Select when measuring reverse transmission at A receiver. Port 2 Learn more about Raw Receiver Measurements at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm Multi-Trace Configurations In NA Mode you can display multiple traces on the FieldFox screen. NA (Network Analyzer) Mode...
  • Page 24 A 3-trace configuration. Tr2 is the ACTIVE trace as indicated by the highlighted Tr 2 Trace Setting Notes  The Frequency Range, IF BW, Resolution, Average, and Output Power settings are common for all displayed traces.  All other trace settings, such as measurement, format, and limit lines, are applied individually to the ACTIVE trace in the same manner as when a single trace is present.

  • Page 25: Quick Settings

    How to maximize the viewing of the active trace  Press System 7  Then Full Screen  Press any key to return to the standard display. Quick Settings Both NA and CAT Modes allow you to view and change most relevant settings from a single location.

  • Page 26: Calibration Settings

    NOTE Learn more about Display Format at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm The marker onscreen readout can be changed to formats other than the display format. Learn how to set marker format on page 114.

  • Page 27: Frequency Range

    NOTE Phase is unwrapped by comparing the phase from one data point to the next. If the phase difference between two data points is greater than 180 degrees, or if the phase of the first data point is greater than 180 degrees from DC, than the phase measurement is probably NOT accurate.

  • Page 28: Electrical Delay

    Scale annotation on the FieldFox screen · Reference Line = red arrow · Ref Level = –40 dB · Ref Position = 1 · Scale = 2 dB per division Electrical Delay Electrical delay is a mathematical function that simulates a variable length of lossless transmission line.

  • Page 29: Averaging

    Averaging Averaging helps to reduce the effects of random noise on a measurement. You specify the number of measurements to be averaged. The more measurements averaged, the greater the amount of noise reduction. An average counter is shown in the left edge of the screen as Avg <n> where <n> is the number of measurements that are averaged.

  • Page 30: Smoothing

    Smoothing Trace smoothing averages a number of adjacent data points to smooth the peak-to- peak noise values on a displayed trace. The number of adjacent data points that are averaged is known as the smoothing aperture. Aperture is set by specifying a percentage of the X-axis span.

  • Page 31: Sweep Time

    10001.  Using SCPI, Resolution can be set to any number of points between 3 and 10001. See the Programming Guide at www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport Sweep Time The fastest possible sweep time is always used as the default setting. Use the Min Swp Time setting to slow the sweep time when measuring long lengths of cable.

  • Page 32: System Impedance

    To accurately view data presented in Smith Chart format, first set the System Impedance. Learn how to select Smith Chart format on page 26. Learn how to make 75Ω measurements at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm How to set System Impedance  Press Meas Setup 4.

  • Page 33: Velocity Factor

    How to apply Port Extensions  Press Meas Setup 4.  Then Port Extensions  Then Port Extensions ON  Then Port1 Extension Port2 Extension  Then enter time value using the numeric keypad, the ▲|▼ arrows, or the rotary knob.
  • Page 34 How to create Big Marker Display States To have big readouts, markers MUST be created using the following procedure. If you have already set up your display and do not want to lose it, then save the current state to a state file. Learn how on page 124. The following procedure will overwrite your display state.

  • Page 35: Increase Dynamic Range

     Settings that are NOT listed above are NOT affected by the recalled display states.  Changes to the above settings outside the Big Readout menu will be overwritten when Big Readout (A or B) is selected. For example, suppose the display format for the B state is Log.

  • Page 36: Time Domain - Option 010

    Time Domain - Option 010 With NA Mode, Time Domain (Opt 010), frequency information is used to calculate and display measurements with time as the horizontal display axis. The response values appear separated in time allowing a different perspective of the test device's performance and limitations.

  • Page 37: Time Domain (Transform) Settings

    Markers that are created on a Time Domain trace can be used to pinpoint the distance of the mismatch from the reference plane. For more information on Time Domain theory, see http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5989-5723EN.pdf Time Domain (Transform) Settings You can set and view most of the Time Domain settings on the Transform Settings table.

  • Page 38: Frequency Range And Points

    Frequency Range and Points Like CAT mode, all Time Domain measurements are made in the frequency domain and, using Inverse Fourier Transform (IFT), time is calculated. Select the frequency range from which Time Domain measurements are calculated. Increasing the data points will improve measurement resolution.

  • Page 39: Distance Units

    NOTE Zero (0) seconds is always the calibration reference plane. Negative values are useful if moving the reference plane. Distance Units When markers are present on a Time Domain trace, marker X-axis values are shown both in units of time (seconds) and distance. Select the units in which the marker distance data is presented.

  • Page 40: Trace Settings

     Standard – The normal FieldFox data processing chain. Transform calculations are performed AFTER error correction and trace math.  8510 – The data processing chain used by the Keysight 8510 network analyzer. Transform calculations are performed BEFORE error correction and trace math.

  • Page 41: Gating

    Transform Enable Enable Time Domain transform for the specific trace.  Select the trace.  Press Measure 4  Then Transform  Then choose from: Trace displays Time Domain data. Trace displays frequency domain data. Gate Enable Enable Gating for the specific trace. ...

  • Page 42: Start, Stop, Center, And Span Gate Times

    All 4 traces show the same S11 measurement. Trace 1 shows the frequency response without gating enabled. Trace 2 shows the transform response without gating enabled. Trace 3 shows the transform response with gating enabled. Trace 4 shows the frequency response with gating enabled. How to make Time Domain Gating settings ...
  • Page 43 - REMOVES the responses within the Gating Start and Stop times. Notch Gating Shape This setting defines the filter characteristics of the gate function. Choose from Minimum, Normal, Wide, Maximum. Time domain Gate Shape setting Gate Shape Passband Sidelobe Cutoff Time Minimum Gate Ripple Levels...

  • Page 44: Cat (Cable And Antenna Test) Mode - Option 305

    This process is sometimes referred to as Line Sweeping. CAT Mode is similar to NA (Network Analyzer) Mode. Learn more at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm CAT Mode Distance to Fault measurements are discussed on page 54. In this Chapter Measurement Selection ........

  • Page 45: Cat Mode Settings

    The higher the trace is on the screen, the more energy being reflected back to the FieldFox. Learn more about VSWR at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm Distance to Fault in VSWR format. DTF (VSWR) Shows the following menu items:...

  • Page 46: Quick Settings

    Quick Settings Table Both CAT and NA Modes allow you to view and change most relevant settings from a single location. All of these settings are discussed in this chapter and, unless otherwise noted, ALL of these settings can also be made using the standard softkey menus.

  • Page 47: Scale Settings

    After using the ▲|▼ arrows or the rotary knob, press Enter. The amount of frequency increment is based on the current span and can NOT be changed in CAT Mode. Scale Settings Adjust the Y-axis scale to see the relevant portions of the data trace. The Y-axis is divided into 10 graticules.

  • Page 48: Single/Continuous

    An average counter is shown in the left edge of the screen as Avg N. This shows the number of previous sweeps that have been averaged together to form the current trace. When the counter reaches the specified count, then a ‘running average’ of the last N sweeps is displayed.

  • Page 49: Sweep Time

     Using SCPI, Resolution can be set to any number of points between 3 and 10001. See the Programming Guide at www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport Sweep Time The fastest possible sweep time is always used as the default setting. Use the Min Swp Time setting to slow the sweep time when measuring long lengths of cable.

  • Page 50: Interference Rejection

    Then enter a value using the numeric keypad, the ▲|▼ arrows, or the rotary knob. Press Enter. Coupled Frequency This setting, especially useful for a Return Loss & DTF measurement, allows both measurements to have different frequency ranges. How to set Coupled Frequency With a Return Loss &...

  • Page 51: Return Loss Measurements

    Return Loss Measurements Return loss can be thought of as the absolute value of the reflected power as compared to the incident power. When measuring an OPEN or SHORT, all incident power is reflected and approximately 0 dB return loss is displayed. When measuring a LOAD, very little power is reflected and values of 40 dB to 60 dB are displayed.

  • Page 52: 2-Port Insertion Loss Measurements

    The amount of time that is required increases with longer cable lengths. Learn more about measuring long cable lengths at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm 6. Remove the cable to be tested. 7. Press Cal 5, then...
  • Page 53 6. Connect the DUT and view the insertion loss measurement results. When measuring very long lengths of cable, it may be necessary to increase the sweep time. Learn more about measuring long cable lengths at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm CAT (Cable and Antenna Test) Mode - Option 305...

  • Page 54: Dtf (Distance To Fault) Measurements

    DTF (Distance to Fault) Measurements CAT Mode Distance to Fault (DTF) measurements are generally used to locate problems, or faults, in a length of cable or transmission line. In this chapter, the cable to be tested is referred to as the DUT (Device Under Test). Settings that are NOT unique to DTF measurements are documented in the CAT Mode chapter on page 20.

  • Page 55: Dtf Measurement Settings

    7. Disconnect any components or antenna that should NOT be measured and connect a LOAD at the end of the DUT. 8. Press Meas Setup 4 then DTF Cable Specifications. 9. Either press Cable, or enter the Recall Coax Velocity Factor Cable Loss of the DUT.

  • Page 56: Frequency Mode

    Faults are displayed on the Y-axis in SWR. Learn more about DTF (VSWR) SWR at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm then Faults are displayed on the Y-axis in linear (unitless) More DTF Lin format. DTF Start and Stop Distance In DTF measurements, you set the physical length of cable or other device to be tested.

  • Page 57: Coupled Frequency

    How to manually set Frequencies in Bandpass Mode  Press Freq/Dist  Then and type the start of the frequency range to use for the DTF Min Start Freq measurement.  Then and type the stop frequency to use for the DTF Max Stop Freq measurement.
  • Page 58 You can edit these files or create new cable files using the following procedure or using the FieldFox Data Link Software. Learn more at: www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport The Cable correction data survives a Mode Preset and Preset. With a DTF measurement present: ...
  • Page 59 When editing Frequency/Loss pairs, enter numbers using the numeric keypad, then select a frequency suffix. Then Enter. Learn more about “How the Freq/Loss pairs are applied” below.  Optionally choose from the following: Quickly scrolls through pages of Freq/Loss data. Previous / Next Page Add a blank Freq/Loss pair to the table, Add Data...

  • Page 60: Window Settings

    1.8 GHz = 0.18 dB/m 2 GHz = 0.2 dB/m The correction for loss at 5 meters in one direction: 0.18 dB/m * 5m = 0.9 dB. All DTF measurements correct for loss for travel down the DUT and back, so double the correction: 0.9 dB * 2 = 1.8 dB.

  • Page 61: About Alias Faults

    Response Resolution, not displayed, indicates the distance that could be between two faults and still show as separate faults. Learn more in Window Settings on page Maximum Distance. The distance that could be viewed with the current settings. Defined by: Vf*c*Points/(2*Bandwidth) where: Vf = velocity factor c = speed of light Points = resolution...

  • Page 62: Calibration For Na, Cat, And Vvm Modes

    See Also Learn How to Make 75 ohm Measurements at the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm Why and When to Calibrate There are well-defined and understood systematic errors that are measured and calculated during the calibration process. These errors are caused by leakage signals inside the FieldFox, by the frequency response of the FieldFox receivers, and by reflections inside the FieldFox that interact with the DUT.

  • Page 63: Definitions

    Definitions DUT (Device Under Test) The cable, antenna, transmission line, amplifier, or anything else that is connected to the FieldFox that is to be measured. Calibration Standards - OPEN, SHORT, LOAD, and THRU  OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD are ‘reflection’ standards that are used during calibration.

  • Page 64: Quickcal

    Choose Calibration Method screen Response Cal – Used to quickly calibrate ONE measurement using mechanical standards. Measurement accuracy is generally low. Learn more on page 68. Quick Cal (Option 112) – Using built-in cal standards, quickly and accurately cal measurements when using a jumper cable or adapter to connect the DUT to the FieldFox test ports.
  • Page 65  QuickCal cannot be used with waveguide, or if the test fixture or test setup (before DUT) includes an attenuator.  During QuickCal, the frequency range of the measurement MAY be extended to provide maximum flexibility. How to perform a QuickCal ...

  • Page 66: Mechanical Cal

    Cal Kit definitions are built into the FieldFox. NOTE Visit www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport to see a complete list of supported Cal Kits. Also at this website, download DataLink software that allows you to edit Cal Kit definitions or add a new Cal Kit.
  • Page 67 This page summarizes the Mechanical Cal to be performed and allows you to make changes. For best results, review the screen and make changes in the following order: 1. S-parameters – Verify that these are all of the S-parameters that you want calibrated.

  • Page 68: Ecal

    DUT can be used by selecting a User Characterization. However, a User Characterization can NOT be PERFORMED using the FieldFox. It must be performed using a bench top Keysight VNA, such as the PNA or ENA. Learn more about User Characterization at the PNA Help website: http://na.support.keysight.com/pna/help/latest/S3_Cals/ECal_User_Characterizatio...

  • Page 69: Simple Response Cal

     Press Cal 5 to start the Calibration.  Press Mechanical Cal / ECal  Press Connectors. For each test port to be calibrated, select the Change DUT Connector Type and Gender of the DUT / ECal module. The connected ECal module and relevant User Characterizations will appear as the default Cal Kit.

  • Page 70: View Cal

    Normalize uses a THRU standard or cable between port 1 and port 2 to cal an S21 and S12 Transmission measurement (NA Mode) and a 2-port Insertion Loss measurement (CAT Mode). In VVM Mode, this is performed using Zero. How to perform a Response Cal ...

  • Page 71: Calibration Type

    Most comprehensive calibration. Corrects all S-parameters. DUT: Non-Insertable or Insertable Standards: OPEN, SHORT, LOAD on BOTH ports. Any THRU between ports. For more information on the Unknown Thru process, see the FieldFox Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm Calibration for NA, CAT, and VVM Modes...

  • Page 72: Isolation Step Of A 2-Port Cal

    Cal Type. Sweeps in BOTH directions. Learn more about TRL Calibration in the Supplemental Online Help: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/FieldFox.htm 1-port Response Cals (Open or Short) Calibrate the magnitude and phase of a measurement using ‘modeled’ mechanical standards. Measurement accuracy is better than Simple Response Cals (available on the main Cal page) but NOT as good as full 1-port cal.

  • Page 73: Waveguide Calibrations

    WITHIN the frequency range of the waveguide Cal Kit. Otherwise, an error message will appear during the ‘Calculating Steps’ portion of the calibration. Waveguide Cal Kits Keysight sells two waveguide Cal Kit series: the premium 11644A series and the economy N9911X series. Both are available online at www.keysight.com...

  • Page 74: Enhanced Response Optimization

    Then Specifications, then Cables, then DTF Cable Edit/Save/Recall Edit Cable. Scroll to set Waveguide Definition and set VF Corr = Auto. Then set the Min, Max, and Cutoff Frequencies.  Set Cable Correction = Auto. The Effective Velocity Factor is calculated automatically based on the frequencies of the waveguide standard.

  • Page 75: Interpolation

    Interpolation * Highest measurement accuracy is achieved when the frequency range or resolution settings remain the same during the measurement as when the FieldFox was calibrated. If these settings change after performing a calibration, the FieldFox will interpolate the calibration so that VERY accurate measurements continue to be made.

  • Page 76: Verifying Calibration And Jumper Cable Integrity

    (default) – Corrects forward (S21 and S11) and reverse Enhanced Response (S12 and S22) measurements separately. Therefore, when measurements in only one direction are required, this choice provides faster trace measurements than a full 2-port cal. Also choose an Enhanced Response Optimization. Learn more on page 73.

  • Page 77: Calibration Method Summary

     If you observe significant movement in the peaks of the measurement trace when moving the cable (>5 dB), the jumper cable may need to be replaced. Calibration Method Summary  Mechanical Full 2-port Cal is ALWAYS the most accurate Cal method. The quality of a Mechanical Cal is completely dependent on the quality of the OPEN, SHORT, LOAD standards and the quality of the standard connections.
  • Page 78 Power Meter Mode Power Meter measurements, available with Option 302, are made with Keysight USB power sensors. Power readings are displayed on the FieldFox screen. In this Chapter Supported Power Sensors ........78 How to Connect the Power Sensor ...... 78 Average/Peak ............
  • Page 79 Zeroing The Keysight USB Power Sensors perform Internal Zeroing automatically. Because Keysight USB Power Sensors have an internal switch, Internal Zeroing does NOT require that the power source be turned OFF. For highest measurement accuracy, when measuring power levels below –30 dBm, External Zeroing should be performed.
  • Page 80 NO warning is shown. Frequency A table of correction factors versus frequency is stored within the Keysight U2000 Series Power Sensors. The frequency of the power to be measured is entered in the FieldFox so that the appropriate correction factor can be used.
  • Page 81 Turn ON the internal source Turn OFF the internal source Optionally set the power level.  Press (0 dBm default setting) Set output power to an arbitrary Src Nom Power value at the displayed CW frequency.  Then enter a value using the numeric keypad, the ▲|▼ arrows, or the rotary knob. ...
  • Page 82 How to set Relative and Offset Power Measurements  Press Scale / Amptd .  Then choose from the following: When switched to ON, the FieldFox measures and stores the Relative On Off current power level. Subsequent power measurements display a power level which is relative to the stored value.
  • Page 83 Man Manually enter an averaging count by setting Num Averages. OFF Performs NO averaging. Sets the number of Power Meter readings to be averaged Num Averages before a valid reading is displayed. When a number is entered, Averaging is automatically set to Man. Single or Continuous Measure This setting determines whether the FieldFox measures continuously or only once each time the...
  • Page 84 Sets the Minimum limit power value. Power reading lower than Min Limit Value this will exceed the limit. Toggles the display of the Maximum limit ON and OFF. Max Limit On Off Sets the Maximum limit power value. Power reading higher Max Limit Value than this will exceed the limit.
  • Page 85 FOPS is accessed through (and requires) Option 302 USB Power Meter Mode. With both options installed, you can send a signal with the FieldFox internal source at one frequency, and measure this signal with an Keysight U-Series USB Power Sensor at another frequency.

  • Page 86: Overview

    How to select Power Meter (USB Sensor)  Press Mode  Then Power Meter (USB Sensor)  Then connect a USB Power Sensor to either FieldFox USB port.  For a complete list of supported Keysight USB Power Sensors, please visit: www.keysight.com/find/usbsensorsforfieldfox FieldFox User’s Guide...

  • Page 87: Measurement Selection

    Sweep Type and Frequency Set the source and receiver frequencies for the FOPS measurements. The receiver is a Keysight U-Series Power Sensor. These are broadband measurement devices, which means that they measure power over a very wide frequency range. Tables of frequency and power correction factors are stored within the power sensors.
  • Page 88 NOTE To make swept FOPS measurements at a single frequency, choose Swept, then enter a Src Center frequency, then Span = 0 Hz. Used to make swept FOPS measurements.  Swept Then enter source (Src) frequencies as either Center and Span or Start and Stop.

  • Page 89: Power Sensor Settling

    Positive Offset, RxSwp = (Offs - Src) Src = 2 GHz to 3 GHz Offset = 3.8 GHz Rx = 1.800 GHz to 800 MHz Positive Offset, RxSwp = (Offs + Src) Src = 2 GHz to 3 GHz Offset = 3.8 GHz Rx = 5.8 GHz to 6.8 GHz Power Sensor Settling The following two settings work together to allow you to choose the right...

  • Page 90: Amplitude Markers

    Both settings control the number of power  Num Points Freq Step Size sensor measurements between the Start and Stop frequencies. Enter one setting and the other will be changed automatically. There must be at least two data points. Specifies a settling time (in seconds) after the internal source steps ...
  • Page 91 Pulse Measurements Mode - Option 330 Pulsed power meter measurements, available with Option 330, are made with Keysight U2020 X-Series USB Peak Power Sensors. These sensors are capable of detecting, measuring, and storing data from a train of pulses at the RF input. This data is queried from the USB Power Sensor and displayed on the FieldFox screen.

  • Page 92: Supported Power Sensors

     “Best Practices For Making The Most Accurate Radar Pulse Measurements” http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5991-0434EN.pdf Supported Power Sensors Pulse measurements are made using any of the Keysight U2020 X-Series USB Peak Power Sensors. Zeroing of the U2020 X-Series USB Peak Power Sensors is performed automatically at power up, every 5 seconds, and prior to measuring low level signals.

  • Page 93: Frequency / Time

     Then choose from the following: Average power (Meter display) Average Peak power (Meter display) Peak Displays the difference between the above two measurements Pk to Avg (Meter display) (default) The primary trace (Tr 1) plots pulse data in amplitude Trace Graph versus time.

  • Page 94: Scale

    How to make Zoom Window settings  Press Trace 6  Then Zoom Window  Then choose from the following: Opens the zoom window on the bottom half of the FieldFox screen. The window includes the zoomed trace. Closes the zoom window. While monitoring the within the blue vertical posts on Tr 1, enter ...

  • Page 95: Averaging

    Averaging Averaging helps to reduce the effects of random noise on a measurement. The more measurements that are averaged, the greater the amount of noise reduction. Averaging is allowed for all pulse measurements. Averaging is performed in the USB Power Sensor before the data is sent to the FieldFox.

  • Page 96: Resolution

    Automatically sets Continuous OFF and causes the FieldFox to query Single the USB Power Sensor ONCE, then hold for the next Single key press. Hold annotated in the upper left corner of the display. Queries the USB Power Sensor whenever a valid trigger signal is Continuous present.
  • Page 97  Press Sweep 3  Then Trigger  Then Trig Edge  Then choose from the following: Acquisition is triggered by the rising (positive) edge of a valid signal. Acquisition is triggered by the falling (negative) edge of a valid signal. Trigger Delay After a valid trigger signal is received at the USB Power Sensor, data acquisition begins after the specified Trigger Delay time PLUS the specified Start time.

  • Page 98: Pulse Timing Diagram

     Trig Level = -10 dBm, Trig Type (Int), Pos Slope (/), Delay Pulse Timing Diagram Marker Settings Markers are not allowed with Meter-style measurements. Markers are displayed on Tr 1 and also on the zoom trace if the marker is within the zoom window time span.

  • Page 99: Marker Search

     Then choose from the following: Amplitude markers are NOT displayed. Amplitude markers ARE displayed at their previous positions.  Then Ampl Mkr 1 or 2  Enter a value in dBm for the marker using the numeric keypad, the ▲|▼ arrows, or the rotary knob.

  • Page 100: Pulse Top

    - Peak minus Difference between the above two results Average - Pulse Top Power value based on the specified Pulse Top setting. - Rise Time The time it takes for a pulse to rise from 10% to 90% of its peak value. - Fall Time The time it takes for a pulse to fall from 90% to 10% of its peak value.

  • Page 101: Trace Memory

    Trace Memory A memory trace is a pulse measurement Tr 1 data trace (NOT the trace in the Zoom window) that has been stored in the FieldFox volatile memory. It then becomes static, meaning it is not updated with normal pulse measurements. It can be displayed on the screen by itself, or with a pulse trace for comparison purposes.
  • Page 102 VVM (Vector Voltmeter) Mode VVM Mode (Option 308) measures the electrical length of cables and other devices. The 1-Port Cable Trimming and 2-Port Transmission measurement displays the electrical length in both Magnitude and Phase. Display for the 1-Port Cable Trimming measurement In this Chapter Overview..............
  • Page 103 Overview In the FieldFox, both 1-port and 2-port measurement types use a different configuration setup from the HP/Keysight 8508A Vector Voltmeter. Typical 8508A measurement configuration –as shown in the 8508A manual. The above block diagram requires an external source and directional coupler to measure the electrical length of a DUT or cable to be trimmed.
  • Page 104 2-port ratioed receiver measurements using external sources.  Learn more on page 108. Frequency Selection VVM measurements are made at a single CW frequency. How to set Frequency NOTE Frequency can be set to 1 Hz resolution.  Press Freq/Dist ...
  • Page 105 For best measurement accuracy, use the Manual power setting at -15 dBm. After calibration, the power level can be decreased for amplifiers, or increased for higher dynamic range. Caution Power Level settings in this mode will NOT change Power Level settings in other modes.
  • Page 106 How to set Single or Continuous  Press Meas 4  Then choose one of the following: Automatically sets Continuous OFF and causes the FieldFox to make Single ONE measurement, then hold for the next Single key press. When a data trace is displayed, the entire trace is measured, then holds.
  • Page 107 1-Port Cable Trimming Measurements A 1-Port Cable Trimming measurement is used in a cable fabrication procedure to validate proper electrical length.  The receiver measures incident signal (green line) out of the source.  The receiver measures reflected signal (red line) from the end of the DUT (black line).
  • Page 108 11. Carefully trim the cable until the phase shift reads zero. The attached cable’s electrical length is now matched to the reference cable. 12. Repeat steps 9 through 11 for the remaining cables to be trimmed. 2-Port Transmission Measurements A 2-Port Transmission measurement is used for measuring electrical length, insertion loss, gain, or isolation of a DUT at a single CW frequency.
  • Page 109 B/A Transmission measurement with external source Procedure 1. Connect the external source’s frequency reference output to the FieldFox Freq Ref IN on the top panel. If you are unable to use a common frequency reference, then increase the IFBW to ensure you are measuring the peak of the correct signal.

  • Page 110: Set Markers

    Data Analysis Features The following features can be used to analyze NA and CAT mode measurement results. In this Chapter All about Markers ..........110 About Delta Markers ........111 Marker Table..........112 Coupled Markers .......... 112 Marker Colors ..........113 Marker Trace ..........

  • Page 111: About Delta Markers

    How to move a Marker after it is created  Press Marker.  Then repeatedly until the marker of interest is selected. The OFF, Markers 1...6 Normal, or Delta softkey is black to indicate the current setting of each marker. ...

  • Page 112: Marker Table

    How to Create a Delta Marker  Create a Normal marker and move it to the reference position.  Press Delta. The marker becomes the reference marker. It becomes fixed at its X- Axis position.  Move the Delta marker by entering a value with the numeric keypad, by using the ▲|▼...

  • Page 113: Marker Colors

    Coupled Markers move on ALL traces at the same time. How to create Uncoupled Markers NOTE Markers are coupled by default. To create markers that are NOT coupled (move independently on each trace):  Press Marker  Then More  Then Coupled Markers OFF Marker Colors In NA and CAT Modes, markers are the same color as the trace to which they are...

  • Page 114: Marker Format

    Data - Marker resides on data trace, even when not visible. Mem - Marker resides on memory trace, even when not visible. Marker Format The Marker Format setting, available ONLY in NA Mode, allows you to choose the format of the marker readout that appears in the upper-right corner of the screen and in the marker table.
  • Page 115  Then choose from the following: (NA Mode ONLY) Tracking ON OFF ON causes the active marker to search for the specified criteria with each new sweep. Search criteria can include: Target, Bandwidth, Peak, Min. The searches begin with the first sweep after Tracking is turned ON based on the current search type.
  • Page 116 S21 of a filter with BW Markers and associated readout values. The search criteria is -3 dB. S11 of the same filter with same search criteria: -3 dB. The same values would result from a search criteria of approximately +30.4 dB. Press Enter and four markers are automatically created to find the first negative or positive bandpass over the displayed frequency range.

  • Page 117: What Is A 'Peak

    The following applies to DTF Measurements ONLY: More. When Track Peaks is ON, markers will find the new peak Track Peaks ON OFF with every sweep. While in this Mode, the markers can NOT be turned OFF or moved. Three markers are created and find the highest peaks (faults) on Find 3 Peaks the trace.

  • Page 118: Use Limit Lines

    Peak A = Valid Peak (Above Threshold and Excursion Settings) Peak B = Invalid Peak (Below 1 dB Excursion Setting) Peak C = Invalid Peak (Below –10 dB Threshold Setting) Marker Functions Marker functions are used to change FieldFox frequency or distance settings to those of the active marker.
  • Page 119  Limit lines are available in CAT Mode and NA Mode. Power Meter Mode uses different limit settings. Learn more on page 83.  Limit lines and limit testing are NOT allowed in NA Mode with Smith Chart or Polar display formats.

  • Page 120: Relative Limit Lines

     Press <Back to return to the Limit menu. Relative Limit Lines Relative limit lines are X/Y coordinates that are referenced to the center frequency (X-axis) and Reference level (Y-axis). Use relative limits to test devices or signals that are identical except for the center frequency or amplitude.

  • Page 121: Limit Options

     Then Edit Limits.  Then Trace. A limit line table appears. Build From  Use the ▲|▼ arrows to select ON.  Use to shift the limit line UP or DOWN. Learn how below. Offset Limit Options How to set Limit Options ...

  • Page 122: Use Trace Math

    After limit lines have been defined, this saves the line definition to Save Limits a file on the specified device. Recalls a limit Line definition from the specified device. Recall Limits All about Trace Math Trace Math is available ONLY in CAT and NA Modes, but not in DTF measurements. A trace is a series of measurement data points that are connected to form a line.

  • Page 123: About Math Operations

    About Math Operations Data / Memory and Data - Memory math operations are performed on complex linear data before it is formatted. Because data is often viewed in log format, it is not always clear which of the two math operations should be used. Remember: dividing linear data is the same as subtracting logarithmic data.

  • Page 124: Save Measurement Settings And Results

    File Management The FieldFox can save any of the following types of files:  Current settings and calibration  Trace data (*csv and *.S1P)  Picture of the FieldFox screen In addition, files can be saved to the internal memory, a USB Flash drive, or a micro SD card.

  • Page 125: Recall Files

    How to name files The labeler is used to edit or change the current filename. It is also used to create a title, prefix, and keyword to display on the FieldFox screen. Learn about Titles on page 134.  Press to add the cursor character to the end of the existing filename.

  • Page 126: Set File Type And Device

    State Files ALL FieldFox instrument settings for ALL Modes are saved and recalled in a *.sta file. If error correction is ON in CAT or NA Mode, then calibration data is also saved and recalled. If error correction is OFF (CalRdy is active), calibration data is NOT saved in the *.sta file.
  • Page 127 Data (S1P) / (2P) depending on the active measurement. This file format is used by CAE programs such as Keysight's Microwave Design System (MDS) and Advanced Design System (ADS). It can also be imported into spreadsheet software such as Microsoft Excel.

  • Page 128: Manage Files

    Manage Files Files that are stored in the FieldFox internal memory, micro SD card, and USB Flash drive, can be copied to another device or deleted. How to Manage files  Press Save/Recall 9.  Then to select the location (Internal, USB, or micro SD Card) of Select Device the file to copy or delete.

  • Page 129: Edit Keywords

     Press when finished. Exit Edit Keywords The preselected keywords (FILE, SITE, and so forth) can be edited to meet your specific needs. Your keywords will remain in the FieldFox until you change them. Keywords are limited to 30 characters. How to edit keywords ...

  • Page 130: Printing

     Then Prefix.  Then choose from the following: Press to add the cursor character to the end of the Prefix. Select Press to erase the last character from the end of the Prefix. Backspace Press to erase the Prefix. Clear The preselected keywords (File, Site, and so forth) can be selected just like a single character.

  • Page 131: Run/Hold

    System Settings In this Chapter Run/Hold ............131 Preset ..............132 User Preset ............132 Volume Control ........... 132 Display Settings ..........132 Brightness ............133 Colors ............. 133 Trace Width ........... 134 Title ..............134 Edit Keywords ..........135 Full Screen Mode ..........

  • Page 132: Preset

    --> is displayed while a single sweep occurs.  How to perform a single sweep while in Hold  Press Sweep 3.  Then choose one of the following: Automatically sets Continuous OFF (Hold) and causes FieldFox to make Single ONE measurement sweep, then hold for the next Single key press.

  • Page 133: Display Settings

     Then choose from the following: The entire UserPreset.sta file is recalled. ALL modes assume the Preset (User) settings that were in place when the User Preset was saved. The active mode is the mode that was visible when the file was saved. The settings for only the current mode are recalled from Mode Preset (User) UserPreset.sta.

  • Page 134: Brightness

    How to set Display Colors  Press System 7  Then Display  Then Brightness  Use the ▲|▼ arrows, the rotary knob, or numeric keypad to enter a value between 0 and 100%. Display Colors Change Display Colors to alter the viewing scheme. How to set Display Colors ...

  • Page 135: Title

    Title A custom title can be made to appear in the upper-left corner of the FieldFox screen. The title can contain up to approximately 65 alpha-numeric characters. To view the Title area, see the Screen Tour on page 18. How to add or edit a Title ...

  • Page 136: Save And Reset Preferences

     Press to view all settings. Next Page Previous Page  To change a setting: Use the ▲|▼ arrows to highlight a setting. Then press Edit. The current setting changes to yellow. Some settings require you to press a softkey to change the value. Otherwise, use the numeric keypad, ▲|▼...

  • Page 137: Startup Mode

    How to select a Language  Press System 7.  Then Preferences.  Then Language.  Then choose from the following: English – Spanish Espanol – German Deutsch – Italian Italiano – French Francais Russian Japanese Chinese Turkish Startup Mode The Startup Mode setting determines the mode that becomes active (visible) when User Preset is set to OFF (Factory Preset) and the FieldFox is powered ON.

  • Page 138: System Configuration Options (Licensing)

    The currently installed options are listed. How to Install Options A .lic file must already be on a USB Flash Drive. To learn how to obtain a .lic file, visit: http://www.keysight.com/find/softwarelicense Insert the USB Flash Drive in the FieldFox.  Press System 7  Then System Configuration ...

  • Page 139: Gps

    This feature is usable ONLY with the GPS receiver that is shipped with Microsoft “Streets and Trips” and “AutoRoute”. The GPS receiver is NOT available from Keysight. Only the GPS USB receiver is used with the FieldFox. Therefore, it is NOT necessary to purchase the very latest version of the map software.

  • Page 140: Frequency Reference Source

    The FieldFox clock is NOT synched with GPS. When set to OFF after Sync was ON, the date and time does NOT revert back to the settings before the clock was synchronized. Enable and disable the GPS display on the FieldFox main ...

  • Page 141: Security Level

    How to use an External Reference Connect the 10 MHz External Reference to the EXT TRIG/EXT REF BNC connector on the FieldFox top panel. External Triggering is NOT available on the N9923A.  Press System 7  Then System Configuration ...

  • Page 142: Date And Time Settings

    There is no restriction for setting the Time Zone.  To change the Date and Time backward a significant amount, send an email to ctd-soco_support@keysight.com. BEFORE manually setting the Date and Time, be absolutely certain that the Time Zone setting is correct.

  • Page 143: Lan Settings

    FieldFox screen will update accordingly. LAN Settings Configure the LAN settings to be used to communicate with the Data Link Software. Learn more at: www.keysight.com/find/fieldfoxsupport LAN Settings How to configure the LAN settings The first three ‘Current...’ settings can NOT be edited.

  • Page 144: Power On

    Thru connection. The format is P1 <date time>, P2 <date time>, P1-P2 <date time>. The factory calibration is updated when you send your FieldFox to Keysight for Instrument Calibration. Learn more on page 163.

  • Page 145: See Also Erase User Data

    The large file is deleted. All blocks released by deleting this file are now available for use. The FieldFox is rebooted, which manages the newly-freed data and re-writes the factory cal kits and cable files. Debug Value Used by Keysight Service Personnel only. System Settings...

  • Page 146: See Also

    Working with the Lithium-Ion Battery In this Chapter Viewing Battery Charge Status ......146 Charging the Battery .......... 146 Reconditioning the Battery ......... 149 Battery Care ............149 Maximizing Battery Life ........150 Battery Disposal ..........151 See Also Installing the Battery ..........12 Conserving Battery Power ........
  • Page 147 5. Current – amount of current being consumed when operating from internal battery. If battery is charging, indicates amount of charging current. 6. Battery Temperature – internal temperature of the battery as measured by a sensor embedded in the battery. 7.
  • Page 148 AC/DC adapter To charge a battery inside the FieldFox, insert the AC/DC adapter plug into the Power connector on the FieldFox side panel (middle hinged door), then plug the adapter into an AC outlet.  FieldFox ON: Charging is indicated by a battery icon in the upper right of the front panel screen.
  • Page 149 The external battery charger (N9910X–872), lets you charge a fully depleted battery in approximately three hours. It is a two bay, level–3 stand-alone battery charger that is compliant with the standard Smart Battery System. The two bays are charged sequentially on a first-come, first-served basis, though a discharge can be performed in the left bay while the right bay is charging.
  • Page 150 3. Fully discharge the battery by disconnecting the AC/DC adapter, then leave the FieldFox ON until it shuts down (about four to five hours). 4. Remove the battery from the FieldFox, wait one minute, then re-install the battery. 5. Reconnect the AC/DC adapter. 6.
  • Page 151 Regulations vary for different countries. Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Keysight Technologies, through Rechargeable Battery Recycling Corporation (RBRC), offers free and convenient battery recycling options in the U.S. and Canada. Contact RBRC at 877-2-RECYCLE (877.273.2925) or online at: http://www.call2recycle.org/...
  • Page 152 Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the product. WARNING Return the product to Keysight Technologies or a designated repair center for service to ensure that safety features are maintained. Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must WARNING be observed in all work performed.
  • Page 153 No operator serviceable parts inside this product. Do not perform any unauthorized WARNING modification to the product. Return the product to Keysight Technologies or a designated repair center for service to ensure that safety features are maintained. Operated at an ambient temperature: 0 to 40°C; full power rating; derate linearly to WARNING 50 W at 50°C.
  • Page 154 If charging batteries externally, use the optional external charger available from CAUTION Keysight, or another SMBus charger of level II or higher. Never use a non–SMBus charger because the battery issues commands over the SMBus to the charger to control the charge rate and voltage.
  • Page 155 Must be kept away from children. Must not be short circuited. Must be replaced only with Keysight qualified Li–ion batteries. If replaced or charged improperly, there is a danger of explosion. Do not connect the positive terminal and negative terminal of the battery to each other with WARNING any metal object (such as wire).
  • Page 156 Battery Protective Functions The following protective functions are designed into the lithium-ion rechargeable battery system used in FieldFox. The protective functions can be divided between two categories: active and passive. Active protection refers to the type of protection that depends on at least two or more protection devices working together to enable the protection Passive protection refers to the type of protection that is always enabled independent of any other protection device.
  • Page 157 Batteries: Safe Handling and Disposal To learn how to safely handle and dispose of the FieldFox battery, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet for the manufacturer of the battery at: http://na.support.keysight.com/fieldfox/help/Reference/MSDS.htm Environmental Requirements Refer to the Specifications section of this document.
  • Page 158 ICES indicates product compliance with the Canadian Interference- Causing Equipment Standard (ICES–001). ISM indicates this is an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class B product (CISPR 11, Clause 4) The Korean Certification (KC) mark is required for products that are subject to legally compulsory certification.
  • Page 159 Certification Keysight Technologies, Inc. certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Keysight Technologies, Inc. further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
  • Page 160 Declaration of Conformity Should the Declaration of Conformity be required, visit: http://www.keysight.com/go/conformity For more information, see Contacting Keysight on page 2. Compliance with German Noise Requirements This is to declare that this instrument is in conformance with the German Regulation on Noise Declaration for Machines (Laermangabe nach der Maschinenlaermrerordnung –3.
  • Page 161 The following table contains tips on connector care. Prior to making connections to your analyzer, carefully review the information about inspecting, cleaning, and gauging connectors. For course numbers about additional connector care instruction, contact Keysight Technologies. Handling and Storage Do Not ...
  • Page 162 Appendix B: Specifications/Data Sheet To ensure the highest accuracy and consistency, the N9923A Specifications are stored ONLY at: http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5990-5363EN.pdf FieldFox User’s Guide...
  • Page 163 Connector Care. Learn more on page 159. How Do I Get an Instrument Calibrated? To get the instrument calibrated, send it to one of the Keysight Technologies service centers. Please visit this website to learn how: www.keysight.com/find/calibration. What Are My Choices of Instrument Calibration?
  • Page 164 146 connector care review, 161 Format, 26 charging, 13 considerations, safety, 152 frequency external, 148 Contacting Keysight, 2 range, setting, 46 internal, 147 control, temperature, 14 Frequency Offset using Power Sensor, disposal, 151 Coupled Frequency, 50, 54, 57...
  • Page 165 group delay, 26 NA formats, 26 lithium-ion battery NA mode, 21 installing, 12 VVM measurements, 103 VVM mode, 103 Windows settings, 60 high-temperature protection, 14 zeroing, 106 hold, 131 managing how to files, 128 bandpass mode ON, 56 add or edit a title, 135 folders, 128 display colors, 134 change...
  • Page 166 Receiver Measurements, 23 System Impedance (Z0), 32 reconditioning the battery system settings, 131 O, S, L cal, 66 externally, 150 on/off settings, 13 internally, 149 Opt 010, 36 reference marker, 112 options Resolution temperature control mode, 14 and features, 8 CAT mode, 48 Time Domain, 36 installing, 138...
  • Page 167 This information is subject to change without notice. © Keysight Technologies 2014 Print Date: October 1, 2014 Supersedes: May 23, 2014 N9923–90001 www.keysight.com...

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