WaveRider LMS4000 User Manual

900 mhz radio network

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LMS4000

900 MHz Radio Network

User Guide

APCD-LM043-4.0

Table of Contents

Troubleshooting

Summary of Contents for WaveRider LMS4000

Page 1 LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network User Guide APCD-LM043-4.0...
Page 2 WaveRider Communications Inc. Software License Agreement This is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and WaveRider Communications Inc. for the use of WaveRider computer software, hereinafter the “LICENSED SOFTWARE”. By using the LICENSED SOFTWARE installed in this product, you acknowledge that you have read this license agreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms.
Page 3 APS PowerChute PLUS / American Power Conversion Veritas Backup Exec / VERITAS Software © 2002 by WaveRider Communications Inc. All rights reserved. This manual may not be reproduced by any means in whole or in part without the express written permission of WaveRider Communications Canada Inc.
Page 4 WaveRider has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.
Page 5: Table Of Contents
3.4 Basic Operation ........... . . 22 3.4.1 LMS4000 Transmission Concept ........22 3.4.2 CCU and EUM Configuration .
Page 6 4.3 Network Address Translation ......... . 57 5 Radio Network Planning .
Page 7 8.5 Configuring SNMP ..........102 8.6 Configuring the Customer List .
Page 8 Appendix A Specifications ..........157 Appendix B Factory Configuration .
Page 9: Figures
LMS4000 Protocol Stacks ........
Page 10 Figure 34 EUM LEDs and Connectors ........74 Figure 35 CCU LEDs and Connectors .
Page 11 End-user PC Configuration ........24 Table 6 LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network Channelization ....29 Table 7 Typical Radio Coverage .
Page 12 WaveRider CCU Base MIB ........
Page 13 Table 101 LMS4000 Network Glossary ........256 APCD-LM043-4.0...
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Page 15: Preface
Preface About this Manual WaveRider recommends that you read the following sections before proceeding with the instructions in this guide: • Software License Agreement on page ii • Warranty on page iv • Warnings and Advisories on page xvii •...
Page 16 Regulatory Notices This device has been designed to operate with several different antenna types. The gain of each antenna type shall not exceed the maximum antenna system gain as given in Appendix D on page 181. Antennas having a higher gain are strictly prohibited by Industry Canada and FCC regulations.
Page 17: Operational Requirements
General Advisory Operator and maintenance personnel must be familiar with the related safety requirements before they attempt to install or operate the LMS4000 equipment. It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the public is not exposed to excessive Radio Frequency (RF) levels.
Page 18: Customer Support
DC signal or have a device to block the DC signal. Otherwise, the antenna, test equipment, and/or the EUM may be damaged. Customer Support If you have any problems with the instructions in this manual, please contact WaveRider Communications Inc. Telephone: +1 416–502–3161 Fax: +1 416–502–2968...
Page 19: Introduction
TIP: The installation of other LMS4000 network equipment is described in LMS4000 Installation Guide, which can be obtained from WaveRider. The LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network, which operates in the 900MHz ISM band, offers the following features and benefits: • Excellent Propagation Characteristics: LMS4000 900MHz radio networks provide excellent coverage to non-line of sight installations using WaveRider’s proprietary...
Page 20 • End-user Registration: All end user modems automatically transmit a registration request to the LMS4000 system so they can access the wireless network. They can only register if the network operator has authorized them in the CCU. This registration guarantees that only approved subscribers can gain access to LMS4000 wireless services.
Page 21 • Remote download of equipment configuration files to CCUs and EUMs Your decision to implement an LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network enables you to deliver high- quality, high-speed wireless Internet service to the business and residential subscribers in your serving area.
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Page 23: Quick Startup
Quick Startup This section outlines the procedure for setting up a very simple LMS4000 900 MHz radio network consisting of one CCU and one EUM. This simple network, which can be set up in a lab environment, helps you become familiar with basic LMS4000 configuration and operation.
Page 24: Equipment Setup
2 Quick Startup Equipment Setup 1. Remove the equipment from the boxes and set up the physical configuration shown in Figure 1. Use this setup procedure to configure the CCU, while keeping the following points in mind: • Maintain the order of installation shown in Figure •...
Page 25: Ccu Configuration
2 Quick Startup CCU Configuration 1. Start the PC terminal emulation software. You will receive the following prompt: WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: The default password is a carriage return. Console> The default prompt on your CCU is the CCU Ethernet MAC address.
Page 26: Eum Configuration
EUM Antenna Figure 2 Quick Startup — EUM Configuration 2. Start the terminal emulation software. 3. Type the following commands to configure the EUM: WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: Console> ip ethernet 10.0.0.2 22 Console> ip gateway 10.0.0.1 Console> Console> radio frequency 9150 Console>...
Page 27: Testing Ccu-Eum Communications
2 Quick Startup 5. Confirm that the EUM has been properly configured, as follows: Console> ip Ethernet/USB IP Address: 10.0.0.2 Ethernet/USB Net Mask : fffffc00 Gateway IP Address: 10.0.0.1 Console> radio RF Power: HIGH Radio Frequency: 9150 Console> Testing CCU–EUM Communications Once you have completed the configuration of the Quick Startup, you can test communications between the CCU and the EUM by pinging the CCU through the EUM console port.
Page 28: Figure 4 Quick Startup - Ping Test (From Eum Ethernet Port)
2 Quick Startup 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6. time=16. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=7. time=64. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=8. time=64. ms ----10.0.0.1 PING Statistics---- 8 packets transmitted, 8 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 16/52/112 console>...
Page 29: Connecting The Quick Startup To The Internet
2 Quick Startup Connecting the Quick Startup to the Internet Once you have verified that the CCU and EUM are communicating properly, you may want to to connect the Quick Startup system to the Internet. To Connect to the Internet 1.
Page 30: Adding More Eums To The Quick Startup
2 Quick Startup 4. Select Use the following DNS server address (the exact wording depends on your operating system), and enter the IP address for the Preferred DNS Server, which is available from your Network Administrator. 5. Connect the CCU Ethernet port to the appropriate network switch or hub, or directly to the gateway router of your network.
Page 31: Detailed Description
End-user Modem or Customer-premises Equipment The EUM equipment is installed at the end-user’s premises. It provides an interface to the customer’s computer or local area network on one side and wireless access to the LMS4000 network on the other. Communications Access Point (CAP) The CAP is the collection and distribution point for data travelling to and from the EUMs.
Page 32: Communications Access Point
3 Detailed Description Network Access Point (NAP) The NAP provides the Internet connection point for one or more CAPs. An LMS4000 system can have more than one NAP. The number of NAPs depends on the geographical layout of the LMS4000 system and the location of available Internet access points. A single NAP can provide Internet connection for one CAP, or several CAPs, each either colocated with the NAP or connected to the NAP over backhaul facilities.
Page 33: Ccu
3 Detailed Description • Transmission line • Antenna • Ethernet switch Each of the above components is discussed in the following sections. The CCU, shown in Figure 7, is the wireless access point for up to 300 end-user modems. The functional blocks of the CCU are illustrated in Figure Figure 7...
Page 34: Figure 9 Ccu Shelf
3 Detailed Description The CCU routes IP packets received from the CCU radio port • to internal CCU processes, • through the CCU Ethernet port to any router on the Ethernet network, such as the Network Access Point, or • back out the radio port to other EUMs (EUM-to-EUM packets).
Page 35: Optional Components
3 Detailed Description Cavity Filters WaveRider recommends the use of cavity filters with all CCUs and is mandatory if colocated with other CCUs. Cavity filters help to isolate the CCU from inband interferers, such as colocated CCUs or non-WaveRider ISM band equipment, as well as out-of-band interferers, such as cellular base stations and paging transmitters.
Page 36: Customer-Premises Equipment
Other Optional CAP Equipment Depending on your configuration and operational requirements, you may require other components in your LMS4000 CAP, such as a UPS system, CCU Shelf, or free-standing 19–inch rack. The CCU Shelf is a standard 19-inch mounting rack with an integrated power supply fan and cooling fans.
Page 37: Eum
3 Detailed Description 3.3.2 EUM The EUM, shown in Figure 11, is a wireless modem that connects to the end-user’s computer through an Ethernet connection. The EUM, which acts as a network bridge, receives data from the CCU over the 900 MHz radio link, and then forwards this data to EUM internal processes or to the end-user’s computer through the Ethernet port.
Page 38: Figure 12 Waverider Indoor Directional Antenna With Switched-Beam Diversity
3 Detailed Description EUM Antenna For many EUM installations, you can use an indoor antenna. WaveRider recommends the WaveRider directional antenna with switched-beam diversity. This antenna, shown in Figure 12, performs very well in cases where the radio path to the CCU is obstructed and/or where there is significant multipath.
Page 39: Figure 13 Waverider Switched-Beam Diversity Antenna - Beam Patterns
WaveRider also offers a simple dipole antenna, which can often be used where the path to the CCU is very short or relatively unobstructed; i.e., where there is a short line of sight path from the EUM to the CCU with no more than a wall or window obstructing the path.
Page 40: Basic Operation
A lightning arrestor is required at the EUM only if an outdoor antenna is used. Basic Operation 3.4.1 LMS4000 Transmission Concept Conceptually, the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network can be thought of as an Ethernet switch with a built-in router, as shown in Figure...
Page 41: Table 3 Ccu Configuration
3 Detailed Description Table 3 CCU Configuration Basic CCU Settings Advanced CCU Settings Before the system can pass traffic, input or Once the system is passing traffic, you can modify the following CCU parameters: start to configure and fine tune the following CCU features and functions: •...
Page 42: Lms4000 Protocol Stacks
Configuring DHCP Relay on page 88. 3.4.3 LMS4000 Protocol Stacks The LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network is an IP (layer 3) network that provides connectivity from the end-user’s computer to the Internet. Figure 15 shows the protocol stacks through which an IP packet traverses as it travels between the end-user’s computer, shown on the left, and the Internet, shown on the right.
Page 43 3 Detailed Description EUM Registration EUMs need to register with the CCU before user traffic can pass between the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network and the end user. The heart of EUM registration is the Authorization Table, discussed in Authorization Table (CCU only) on page 189.
Page 44: Figure 16 Addressing Of Ip Packets
3 Detailed Description Addressing of IP Packets Figure 16 shows how the source and destination MAC and IP addresses are sent in IP packets travelling between the end-user’s PC and the Internet network servers. End-user PC to Network Server Destination IP Destination IP Network Server IP Address Address...
Page 45 3 Detailed Description 5. If the route to the destination is through the CCU Radio Port, then the CCU obtains the destination Ethernet MAC address from the ARP Table, described in ARP Table (CCU and EUM) on page 187. If the destination is not listed in the ARP Table, the CCU obtains its MAC address by issuing an ARP query.
Page 46: Ccu-Eum Interface - Detailed Technical Description
Figure 15 on page 3.5.1 Physical Layer (DSSS Radio) Frequency Band The LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network operates in the 902-928 MHz Industry, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band. Channel Bandwidth The channel bandwidth is 6 MHz. This channel bandwidth is used to determine the lowest and highest allowable channel in the band.
Page 47: Table 6 Lms4000 900Mhz Radio Network Channelization
The channel bandwidth also determines the minimum adjacent channel spacing for colocated CCUs. Channels There are 101 channels in the band, set in 0.2 MHz increments: Table 6 LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network Channelization Channel Center Frequency Lowest channel 905.0 MHz 905.2 MHz...
Page 48: Figure 18 Effect Of Despreading
A maximum of four orthogonal (nonoverlapping) channels can be provisioned at a single CAP but WaveRider recommends a maximum of three. To ensure adequate isolation between channels, a minimum co-channel spacing of 6.6 MHz is recommended, as is the use of channel filters and a properly engineered antenna system.
Page 49 1000-byte packets) of the CCU and EUM is < -86 dBm, measured at the unit’s RF connector. Antenna Connector The RF connector used on the CCU and EUM is a WaveRider-proprietary connector. As noted above, the use of a proprietary antenna connector is mandated by FCC requirements for a unique RF connector on ISM products.
Page 50: Figure 19 Typical Nlos Path
If the EUM antenna is installed indoors, location of the EUM antenna within the end- user premises, and the premises building type and wall construction The EUM has been designed to work with the WaveRider indoor switched-beam diversity antenna. Where greater range is required, outdoor EUM antennas are also available.
Page 51: Figure 20 Examples Of Radio Paths
3 Detailed Description To illustrate the impact that proper siting of the CCU has on the LM4000 radio coverage, consider the three cases shown in Figure EUM-1 Case 1 Unobstructed Path EUM-2 Case 2 Path Obstructed in Vicinity of EUM Case 3 Path Obstructed in Vicinity of CCU...
Page 52: Figure 21 Path Loss Calculation
3 Detailed Description You can predict the amount of path loss for each of these cases, as illustrated in Figure Tx O/P Probability of successul indoor installation is greater for Case 2 than for Case 3, in this region Case 3 Path Obstructed in Vicinity of CCU Case 1...
Page 53: Table 7 Typical Radio Coverage
CCU and halfway to the limit of the coverage range. Table 7 shows the typical radio coverage (distance from the CCU) that the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Networks can achieve. Table 7 should be used as a planning guideline only, due to the difficulty of accurately predicting radio coverage.
Page 54: Mac Layer (Polling Mac)
3.5.2 MAC Layer (Polling MAC) EUM States The LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network data transmission is based on a WaveRider’s patented polling algorithm, which takes advantage of patterns found in typical Internet usage. Based on the EUM’s subscribed grade of service and current traffic level, the Polling MAC continuously adjusts the rate at which the EUM is polled.
Page 55 3 Detailed Description If an EUM is issued a deregistration request, for any reason, or if it has no traffic for an extended period of time, 12 hours or so, its state changes back to unregistered. Basic Operation of the Polling MAC The Media Access Control (MAC) layer determines which unit (CCU or EUM) gets to transmit and when it gets to transmit.
Page 56 As described in Specialized Applications page 155, the Polling MAC can also be optimized to support LMS4000 applications, which have been designed, for example, to cost-effectively extend the coverage range.
Page 57 • Support multi-user network applications at a single EUM To accommodate these often-conflicting operational objectives, WaveRider has designed a patented Polling MAC layer that incorporates an integrated GOS management algorithm. Within this algorithm, a total of 11 GOS parameters (GOS parameter set) are controlled to achieve specific performance objectives.
Page 58 This change can be done while the CCU is active and takes effect immediately. As specific requirements are identified, WaveRider creates and makes available sets of predefined configuration files. To illustrate the operation of the GOS configuration files, the...
Page 59: Table 8 Factory Default Gos Configuration File
3 Detailed Description Table 8 Factory Default GOS Configuration File Service FTP Rate Operator Polling Rate (polls/second) Class (see note) Assigned Best Effort 1 - 34 0 - 384 kbps Bronze 1 - 90 0 - 1024 kbps Silver 12 - 22 128 - 256 kbps Gold 22 - 46...
Page 60 127. Performance Modelling The performance of packet radio systems like the LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network cannot easily be derived from analytic calculations. However, using computer simulations that are designed to accurately reflect the system implementation, and user and network traffic distributions, it is possible to produce statistical representations of LMS4000 system performance.
Page 61: Figure 23 Net Throughput Per Eum - 100 Eums, 60 Kbyte Http Every 2 Minutes
3 Detailed Description To illustrate the output of the model, consider the following example. First of all, make the following general assumptions: • LMS4000 900 raw channel rate is MHz 2.75 Mbps • There are no channel errors • Servers are fast and do not present a bottleneck •...
Page 62: Figure 24 Associated Eums - 100 Eums, 60 Kbyte Http Every 2 Minutes
3 Detailed Description performance based on the number of EUMs that are associated at any given time, as is illustrated in Figure 24.. Associated EUMs Figure 24 Associated EUMs — 100 EUMs, 60 kbyte HTTP every 2 minutes Of the 100 EUMs, each is associated at random times and for random intervals, so the probability of having more than ‘n’...
Page 63: Figure 25 Net Throughput Per Eum - 300 Eums, 60 Kbyte Http Every 2 Minutes
3 Detailed Description By increasing the number of EUMs to 300 and maintaining the same level of traffic per EUM, the modelled performance becomes 1000 1500 2000 Performance (kbps) Figure 25 Net Throughput per EUM — 300 EUMs, 60 kbyte HTTP every 2 minutes From Figure 25, each of the 300 end users can expect a net throughput better than 300 kbps...
Page 64 3 Detailed Description All of these charts illustrate that many (LMS4000) users can share the limited bandwidth of the channel, yet most of the time, each perceives that they have most of the channel to themselves. Atypical Applications The Polling MAC has been optimized for normal user applications. One basic assumption that has been made in the design of the Polling MAC is that users are only associated for a small fraction of the time they are sitting in front of their computers.
Page 65 — usually around 20 ms — with very little latency allowed in either direction. While the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network may be able to support this level, either as a guaranteed grade of service class parameter or on a best effort basis, VoIP applications result in a high per packet overhead on the radio channel.
Page 66: Ccu And Eum Feature Description
3 Detailed Description the call may be affected as other users become associated, increasing the polling interval beyond 20 ms. Since the grade of service applies to an EUM and not to an individual service, a VoIP user would have to be given a very high grade of service, to the possible detriment of other end users.
Page 67: Port Filtering
Up-to-date listings of TCP and UDP ports can be obtained off the Web. Some of these ports are required for normal LMS4000 operation, but most are not. The system operator can configure the CCU and EUM to filter packets on specific TCP or UDP ports to improve network performance, security, or privacy.
Page 68: Sntp/Utc Time Clock
3 Detailed Description 3.6.3 SNTP/UTC Time Clock The Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)/UTC feature provides LMS4000 devices with an accurate clock for time stamping events in the log file. SNTP/UTC Time Clock operation is illustrated in Figure Time Broadcast Antenna...
Page 69: Customer List
3.6.4 Customer List For each EUM, the system operator can control the number of end-user computers that can access the LMS4000 network for the purpose of controlling network performance or service differentiation. The use of this list is described in Customer Table (EUM only) on page 192.
Page 70 CCU). These number codes and their meanings are stored in a management information base (MIB). The SNMP server and network devices use these MIBs as lookup tables for translating messages sent between them. LMS4000 implements SNMPv2c and includes a number of standard and enterprise MIBs: • RFC1157 (MIB-Il) •...
Page 71: Ip Network Planning
IP Network Planning This section describes a plan for assigning IP addresses to LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network components. LMS4000 IP Addressing Before discussing IP planning, there are a few concepts that are worth reviewing. The first concept is that in the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network, IP addresses are assigned to devices for several reasons: •...
Page 72: Figure 29 Lms4000 Subnets
4 IP Network Planning The second concept is the segmentation of the LMS4000 network into distinct subnets, as illustrated in Figure Public Network Private Network CAP01, CCU01 Radio Subnet Users CAP01, CCU01 Router Application CCU Ethernet Internet Subnet Gateway (NAP)
Page 73: Ip Planning Process
• Gateway (NAP) router Ethernet port The number of CAPs is limited by the capacity of the gateway (NAP) router. WaveRider suggests allocating a minimum of 256 addresses to the CCU Ethernet subnet, which accommodates 15 CAPs and requires a 24-bit subnet mask.
Page 74: Table 10 Example - Ccu Radio Subnet Ip Addressing
The end-user PC Ethernet IP address can be entered statically, or dynamically using DHCP. If DHCP Relay is enabled in the CCU, which WaveRider recommends, and the system operator has installed and properly configured a DHCP server in the network, then the end-user computer can be simply configured to automatically request its IP address from the DHCP server.
Page 75: Network Address Translation
4 IP Network Planning Network Address Translation The following address translation alternatives are listed for reference purposes. Choose the best alternative for your system. Your choice depends on the number of available registered IP addresses. It also depends on the nature of your subscriber base; for example, static NAT may be required to support some of your business users, but dynamic NAT may be adequate for most of your home users.
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Page 77: Radio Network Planning
Radio Network Planning An important task in the implementation of LMS4000 900MHz Radio Networks is RF system planning and design. Whether you are deploying a single CCU or a complex multi-CAP, multi- CCU network, proper system design is necessary to provide and maintain high-quality service to end users in your target serving area.
Page 78: Basic System Design
Basic System Design Basic system design guidelines apply to all LMS4000 system implementations, from a simple, single-CCU system, to more complex multi-CCU CAPs and multi-CAP networks. 5.2.1 Overview of Basic System Design The basic design of the LMS4000 900MHz radio network involves the following procedures: •...
Page 79: In-Band Interference
The implication is that throughout the service life of your LMS4000 system, you need to be aware of your “RF neighbors” and the impact they may have on your system operation and performance. As...
Page 80: Figure 30 Example Of A Spectral Sweep
Consider the scenario illustrated in Figure 31. As shown, a cellular tower is located in sector A of the LMS4000 radio network. Since cellular frequencies are located just below the ISM band, a reasonable design APCD-LM043-4.0...
Page 81: Using Bandpass Filters At Cap Sites
Network Design in the Presence of Out-of-band Interference 5.2.5 Using Bandpass Filters at CAP Sites WaveRider provides high-quality, specially designed bandpass filters for use with the CCU. These filters reduce the effect of unwanted out-of-band and off-channel in-band interference. As discussed in...
Page 82: Single- Or Multi-Cap Implementation
Again, there are a number of independent RF engineering firms that can provide this service, including the WaveRider Professional Services Group. If you have the required software and in-house skill set, you can perform this coverage analysis yourself.
Page 83: Figure 32 Corner- And Center-Illuminated Cells
5 Radio Network Planning The location of the CAP site in relation to the serving area determines whether the site will be a corner- or center-illuminated cell. Figure 32 illustrates the difference between these two methods of illumination. Serving Area Corner- Center- Illuminated Cell...
Page 84: Figure 33 Sectored Cell
42 for a description of the method used by WaveRider to predict the number of end-users that can be supported by the LMS4000 network. Total system traffic is very dependent on the usage profile of the end users and the tariff structure that has been implemented by the system operator.
Page 85: Multi-Cap Rf Network Design Considerations
Multi-CAP RF Network Design Considerations One of the differentiating features of the LMS4000 900MHz radio system is its ability to support multi-CAP networks. The design of multi-CAP networks is significantly more complex than the design of single-CCU or single-CAP systems. WaveRider highly recommends the use of a qualified RF engineering firm, such as the WaveRider Professional Services Group, to carry out multi-CAP system design.
Page 86: C/I Requirements
Table 12, as the frequency separation between the desired LMS4000 signal and an interfering LMS4000 signal increases, the level of an interfering signal that can be tolerated also increases. Consider the case where the frequency separation between the desired channel and an interfering channel from a remote site is 0.2 MHz. To maintain a packet error...
Page 87: Dealing With External Interference
CAUTION: The concept of frequency reuse patterns, commonly used in the design of cellular radio systems, cannot be directly applied in the design of LMS4000 900MHz radio networks. Instead, due to the nature of the Polling MAC, you should never reuse frequencies in networks where a CCU or EUM can receive a signal from a unit in another sector or coverage area.
Page 88 5 Radio Network Planning provide enough time and resources for the engineering team to verify the design in the field through testing and signal-level measurements. Once you have established your CAP sites on the air, you can verify received signal levels throughout the network using a portable spectrum analyzer.
Page 89: Summary Of Rf Design Guidelines
• DO NOT assume a static RF before you start your system design environment. activity. • DO NOT install the CAP site in • DO contact WaveRider Professional proximity to in-band or out-of-band Services Group if you need assistance interferers. with spectral surveys, RF coverage •...
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Page 91: Installation/Diagnostic Tools
Installation/Diagnostic Tools The CCU and EUM are equipped with the following features that facilitate unit installation, operation, maintenance, monitoring, and diagnostics: • Indicators and Connectors on page 74 • Command-line Interface on page 76 • EUM Configuration Utility on page 77 •...
Page 92: Indicators And Connectors
6 Installation/Diagnostic Tools Indicators and Connectors The CCU and EUM are equipped with LED indicators that provide a visual indication of the status of the unit and its interfaces. The EUM LED indicators are illustrated in Figure 34, the CCU LED indicators in Figure 35, and a detail view of the Ethernet connector in Figure...
Page 93: Network Led
6 Installation/Diagnostic Tools 6.1.1 Network LED Table 15 Network LED LED State Ethernet Traffic Status No Ethernet traffic present ON Solid Ethernet traffic present but no radio traffic Fast Flash Ethernet and radio traffic present NOTE: A Network LED fast flash flashes at 2.5 Hz, 50% duty cycle, about two or three times per second.
Page 94: Ethernet Leds
6 Installation/Diagnostic Tools 6.1.4 Ethernet LEDs The Ethernet connector used in the CCU and EUM, shown in Figure 36, has two LEDs. These LEDs are described in Table Traffic LED Link LED Figure 36 Ethernet LEDs Table 18 Ethernet LEDs LED State Ethernet Status If the Link LED is ON, the Ethernet physical connection is...
Page 95: Eum Configuration Utility
Windows-based graphical user interface (GUI) running on a PC. The PC connects to the CCU or EUM through the DB-9 console port, the unit Ethernet port, or from anywhere in the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network. The Configuration Utility and Configuration Utility User Guide can be downloaded from the WaveRider Web site at www.waverider.com.
Page 96: Transfer A File To Or From A Ccu Using Ftp
(temporarily) put a file onto the CCU. In both cases, you can record the file transfer performance. WaveRider recommends doing this procedure with a screen capture, so you have a permanent record to baseline the performance of the link, for example.
Page 97: Operating Statistics
6 Installation/Diagnostic Tools Hash mark printing On ftp: (2048 bytes/hash mark) . ftp> binary 200 Type set to I, binary mode ftp> get sa1110.bak 200 Port set okay 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection ############################################################################ ############################################################################ ################################################################## 226 Transfer complete ftp: 463713 bytes received in 10.80Seconds 42.96Kbytes/sec.
Page 98: Snmp
The CCU and EUM are SNMP-ready. To make use of the CCU and EUM SNMP capabilities, you must obtain the associated WaveRider MIBs from the technical support page at www.waverider.com and install them on your SNMP manager (SNMPc, or HP OpenView, for example).
Page 99: Ftping Ccu And Eum Configuration Files
FTPing CCU and EUM Configuration Files FTP enables you to transfer configuration files to CCUs and EUMs from anywhere that has network access to the LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network. FTP is a useful tool for the following operations: •...
Page 100 Once the CCU or EUM configuration files are built and saved in the spare units, they can be downloaded to target CCUs and EUMs, as necessary. GOS configuration files are provided by WaveRider. Alternately, the configuration files could be built and saved in operating units, then downloaded from these units to other CCUs and EUMs in the system.
Page 101: Configuring The Ccu
Configuring the CCU This section explains the following procedures and topics: • CCU and EUM Serial Number, MAC Address, and Station ID on page 84 • Setting the CCU Password on page 84 • Configuring the CCU RF Parameters on page 85 •...
Page 102: Ccu And Eum Serial Number, Mac Address, And Station Id
7 Configuring the CCU CAUTION: When entering IP addresses in the CCU or EUM, note that a leading ‘0’ forces the CCU or EUM operating system to interpret the entry as octal rather than decimal. For example, pinging 10.0.2.010 actually pings 10.0.2.8 CCU and EUM Serial Number, MAC Address, and Station ID The EUM/CCU product ID, serial number, station ID, and Ethernet and radio MAC addresses, are related:...
Page 103: Configuring The Ccu Rf Parameters
Saving new password Password Changed Console> CAUTION: Remember to record the password. Unlocking the CCU can only be performed by contacting WaveRider Technical Support. Configuring the CCU RF Parameters To set the CCU Operating Frequency 1. Type radio frequency <frequency> and press Enter.
Page 104: Configuring Ccu Ip Parameters
Route Config saved Authorization Database saved DHCP Server Config saved Console> Console> reset rebooting CCU ... (... Power On Self Test ...) WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: Console> Console> radio RF Power: HIGH Radio Frequency: 9170 Console> Configuring CCU IP Parameters...
Page 105 Enter NOTE: The CCU Ethernet and gateway IP addresses must be on the same subnet, as explained in LMS4000 IP Addressing on page To set the CCU gateway IP address 1. Type ip gateway <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> and press Enter.
Page 106: Configuring Dhcp Relay
• <net mask> is the net mask of the DHCP server. 2. Repeat step 1 for any alternate DHCP servers in your network. WaveRider recommends that your network have at least one alternate DHCP server. 3. Type save or commit and press Enter.
Page 107: Configuring Port Filtering
7 Configuring the CCU DHCP Server Config saved Console> Console> dhcp relay DHCP Relay Enabled: DHCP Server Table: DHCP Server Table: IP Address: 192.168.50.1 Mask : ffffff00 IP Address: 192.168.50.15 Mask : ffffff00 Console> Configuring Port Filtering To add a port filter •...
Page 108: Configuring The Sntp/Utc Time Clock
CCU to synchronize to the server you are adding. • Set the SNTP client resynchronization period. The factory default setting is 3600seconds, and WaveRider recommends not changing this default setting. • Set the SNTP client retry period. The factory default setting is 30seconds, and WaveRider recommends not changing this default setting.
Page 109 7 Configuring the CCU Once again, do not delete 127.0.0.1. If you inadvertently delete it from the list, when you use the flush command, for example, it must be re-entered. NOTE: It is a good idea to ping the time servers from the CCU before adding them, to ensure you have connectivity.
Page 110 7 Configuring the CCU • Adds a local NTP server, IP address 10.0.0.1, • Sets the resynchronization time to 3600 seconds, • Sets the retry time to 30 seconds, • Enables the SNTP client, • Enables the SNTP relay, • Saves the new entries, •...
Page 111: Configuring Snmp
7 Configuring the CCU Configuring SNMP To fully configure SNMP • Set the SNMP contact (name of the WISP, for example). • Set the SNMP system location (physical location of the CCU, for example). • Add an SNMP read community. •...
Page 112 7 Configuring the CCU Example: The following example • Sets the SNMP contact as WaveRider, • Sets the SNMP location as Calgary_South, • Adds SNMP read community WaveRider_Calgary, • Adds SNMP write community WaveRider_Calgary, • Adds SNMP trap server WaveRider_Calgary, IP address 10.0.1.68, •...
Page 113: Adding Eums To The Authorization Table
7 Configuring the CCU Adding EUMs to the Authorization Table To add EUMs on the system, enter them in the CCU Authorization Table. To add an EUM to the CCU Authorization Table 1. Type auth add <eum id> <gos> and press Enter. •...
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Page 115: Configuring The Eum
Configuring the EUM This chapter covers the following procedures: • Setting the EUM Password on page 98 • Configuring the EUM RF Parameters on page 98 • Configuring EUM IP Parameters on page 99 • Configuring Port Filtering on page 101 •...
Page 116: Setting The Eum Password
Saving new password Password Changed Console> CAUTION: Remember to record the password. Unlocking the EUM can only be performed by contacting WaveRider Technical Support. Configuring the EUM RF Parameters To set the EUM Operating Frequency 1. Type radio frequency <frequency> and press Enter.
Page 117: Configuring Eum Ip Parameters
Basic Config saved Port Filter Config saved sntp cfg file saved Console> Console> reset rebooting EUM ... (... Power On Self Test ...) WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: Console> Console> radio RF Power: HIGH Radio Frequency: 9170 Console> Configuring EUM IP Parameters...
Page 118 Port Filter Config saved sntp cfg file saved Console> Console> reset rebooting EUM ... (... Power On Self Test ...) WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: Console> ip Ethernet IP Address: 10.0.4.48 Ethernet Net Mask : ffff0000 Gateway IP Address: 10.0.0.1 Radio IP Address: 10.5.0.1...
Page 119: Configuring Port Filtering
8 Configuring the EUM Configuring Port Filtering To add a port filter: • Determine the port number you want to filter. • Determine whether you want to filter UDP, TCP, or both types of packets. • Add the port filter to the EUM. To add a port filter 1.
Page 120: Configuring Snmp
8 Configuring the EUM Configuring SNMP To fully configure SNMP • Set the SNMP contact (name of the WISP, for example). • Set the SNMP system location (physical location of the EUM, for example). • Add an SNMP read community. •...
Page 121 8 Configuring the EUM Example: The following example • Sets the SNMP contact as WaveRider, • Sets the SNMP location as Calgary_South, • Adds the SNMP read community WaveRider_Calgary, • Adds the SNMP write community WaveRider_Calgary, • Adds the SNMP trap server WaveRider_Calgary, IP address 10.0.1.68, •...
Page 122: Configuring The Customer List
8 Configuring the EUM Configuring the Customer List You can set the maximum number of customers or PCs (customer_max) that can concurrently access the radio link through the EUM, as described in Customer Table (EUM only) on page 192. CAUTION: The simulation data presented in Performance Modelling on page 42 is based on one end user (one PC) per...
Page 123: Installing The Eum
Installing the EUM Before you Start the EUM Installation Before you start the EUM installation, ensure the following points have been addressed: • The EUM has been configured with at least the following settings: • IP address • Subnet mask •...
Page 124: Other Eum Programming Considerations
9 Installing the EUM Other EUM Programming Considerations Although the IP settings identified above are required for basic EUM operation, you should also consider pre-configuring the following EUM parameters: SNMP SNMP communities can be configured in the EUM to enable remote monitoring of the EUM using an SNMP manager.
Page 125: Installation Procedures
9 Installing the EUM Configuring the Browser Application on page 119 Completing the Installation on page 120 Baselining the Installation on page 120 Installation Procedures 9.4.1 Opening the Box Before you install the EUM components, verify that the EUM kit is complete. EUM Kit Components •...
Page 126: Turning Off The End-User's Cordless Phones
9 Installing the EUM 9.4.2 Turning off the End-user’s Cordless Phones Turn off all cordless phones in the customer’s premises, and any other equipment that uses the 900MHz ISM band. Once the installation is complete, turn this equipment back on. 9.4.3 Choosing a Location for the EUM and Antenna The location of the antenna has a significant effect on the performance of the EUM installation.
Page 127: Figure 38 Connecting The Eum Components
9 Installing the EUM When you have completed the above tasks, connect the EUM AC/DC adaptor to an AC power bar or outlet. Bracket Antenna Antenna Step 1 Antenna Cable Connector Ethernet Connector Step 3 Step 2 AC Cable DC Cable DC Power Pow er Bar AC/DC Adapter...
Page 128: Conducting A Preliminary Check Of The Eum
ON/OFF switch. NOTE: To avoid potential damage to the EUM components in the event of a power surge, WaveRider recommends using a power bar with surge protection (instead of connecting the AC power cord directly to an AC outlet).
Page 129: Positioning The Antenna
9 Installing the EUM 9.4.6 Positioning the Antenna 1. To begin with, point the antenna in the general direction of the CCU, as shown in Figure To Base Station Figure 42 Preliminary Orientation of the Antenna (Top View) As illustrated, for maximum signal reception, point the concave surface of the antenna toward the CCU, and ensure your body (including fingers) are not between the antenna and the CCU.
Page 130: Mounting The Antenna
9 Installing the EUM 9.4.7 Mounting the Antenna The antenna bracket is designed to accommodate the RF cable and act as a strain relief. To Mount the Antenna 1. Thread the attached antenna cable through the guides in the back of the antenna bracket, as necessary.
Page 131: Figure 44 Antenna Bracket Components
9 Installing the EUM Figure 44 shows the location of the spring clip, suction cup holes, and screw holes on the antenna bracket. Spring Clip Suction Cup Hole Screw Hole Screw Hole Suction Cup Hole Figure 44 Antenna Bracket Components Table 23 Surface Mounting Options for the Antenna Side Mount Mount the antenna on a wall, window, window frame,...
Page 132: Figure 45 Mounting The Antenna In The Bracket
RF exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the front of the antenna to the human body. WaveRider recommends installing antenna in a location where personnel are not able to bump into it, obstruct the signal from the base station, or trip over antenna cables.
Page 133: Connecting The End-User's Pc
9 Installing the EUM 9.4.8 Connecting the End-user’s PC 1. Connect the end-user’s PC, shown in Figure 46, by attaching the crossover Ethernet cable that is included with the kit between the Ethernet port on the end-user’s computer and the Ethernet port on the EUM. Bracket Antenna Antenna...
Page 134: Obtaining Valid Ip Addresses For The End-User's Pc
The fact that the IP address was successfully obtained indicates that the data link from the PC to the WISP's network is functioning properly. WaveRider recommends more thorough testing of the EUM-to-CCU data link, as outlined below. These tests can also be used to troubleshoot simple problems if DHCP access is not available.
Page 135: Figure 47 Sample Configuration - Testing The Data Link
9 Installing the EUM To illustrate data link testing between the PC and the EUM, consider the sample configuration shown in Figure Internet Gateway Router End-user's PC Ethernet crossover IP Address 10.5.6.117 Radio cable Net Mask Link Gateway IP 10.5.0.1 EUM3000 IP Address 10.5.4.117...
Page 136 9 Installing the EUM Ping statistics for 10.5.4.116: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = C:\> If you are not able to <ping> the EUM from the PC, go to Troubleshooting on page 121.
Page 137: Configuring The Browser Application
PC and is operating properly: Pinging an Internet site from the PC, using the site’s domain name: C:\>ping www.waverider.com Pinging waverider.com [207.23.175.75] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 207.23.175.75: bytes=32 time=70ms TTL=113 Reply from 207.23.175.75: bytes=32 time=90ms TTL=113 Reply from 207.23.175.75: bytes=32 time=60ms TTL=113...
Page 138: Completing The Installation
Since there is naturally a wide variation in the downlink speed, for reasons more associated with the network than with the performance of the LMS4000 wireless service, repeat the tests several times to confirm whether or not the end user’s cordless phones are going to affect the EUM performance.
Page 139: Troubleshooting
9 Installing the EUM Gateway IP Address: 10.5.0.1 Console> Console> radio RF Power: HIGH Radio Frequency: 9170 Console> Console> ra rssi Press any key to stop RSSI F;Retry% RSSI: RSSI: 712; RSSI: 706; RSSI: 812; RSSI: 819; RSSI: 809; RSSI: 829;...
Page 140 9 Installing the EUM A: There are two conditions that might prevent or compromise Internet access by the end-user through the EUM, even when the network is operating properly and the radio signal strength is adequate: Improper PC configuration If the PC IP address set is incorrect, then communications between the PC and the EUM will not be possible.
Page 141 9 Installing the EUM Q: DHCP is not available on the network. Is there anything else I can do? A: DHCP is a tool that allows you to re-use IP addresses and simplifies the procedure for configuring the end-user PC. If DHCP is not available, the WISP must provide the installer with the following IP addresses for the end-user’s PC: •...
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Page 143: Maintaining The Network
Maintaining the Network The LMS4000 900MHz radio network requires virtually no maintenance. This chapter describes what you need to do to maintain the CCU and EUM operating environments. The CCU and EUM must be kept in a temperature-controlled and dust-free environment, as described under the following headings: •...
Page 144 10 Maintaining the Network When cleaning CCU and EUM components: • Use dry, static-free cloths to wipe dust from the devices. • Make sure you do not disconnect any cables or wires when cleaning. Checking the CCU Shelf Cooling Fans WARNING! Exercise caution when you are in close proximity to the CCU Shelf cooling fans.
Page 145: Monitoring The Network
Monitoring the Network Although there are a large number of detailed statistics available for the various data handling applications in the CCU (refer to Appendix H on page 223 for a complete list), there are only a few that are key for monitoring system performance on an on-going basis. These statistics are described in detail in the material below.
Page 146: Table 26 Possible Transmission Outcomes
11 Monitoring the Network Examining this statistic in more detail, txPayloads includes • Tx Data Payloads which, in turn, includes • data coming from the Ethernet port of the CCU (either end-user data or operator monitoring [SNMP] data), • data coming from EUM-originated data payloads that have been “switched” to the CCU radio port (for transmission to other EUMs), and •...
Page 147: Table 27 Typical Ccu Transmit Statistics
11 Monitoring the Network Table 27 Typical CCU Transmit Statistics Statistic Sample tx Data Payloads 67,790 tx Ctrl Payloads txPayloadsBCast txPayloads1Ok 66,001 txPayloads2Ok 1,761 txPayloads3Ok txPayloads4Ok txPayloadsFailRetry txPayloadsFailAssocDeleted The objective of the first level analysis of this data is to determine the relative amount of radio traffic resulting from retransmissions.
Page 148 11 Monitoring the Network Similarly, the percentage of payloads not delivered on the first transmission, but delivered on the second transmission = 1,761 / (68,235 - 66,001) = 78% It is generally a good indication if most payloads that fail on the first try are then successful with only one retry.
Page 149: Ccu Receive Statistics
11 Monitoring the Network 11.2 CCU Receive Statistics Similar to the case for CCU transmit statistics, there are several key CCU receive statistics that you can use to monitor on-going performance of the CCU radio network. When the CCU sends a directed poll to an EUM, it expects to get an acknowledgement. The following results have been taken from a live CCU using the <stats mac>...
Page 150: Eum Statistics Monitoring
11 Monitoring the Network 11.3 EUM Statistics Monitoring In general, the statistics collected at the EUM are the same as those collected at the CCU; however, there are some differences in meaning (see Appendix H). More significantly, of course, is that the EUM statistics are unique to the EUM, as opposed to the CCU statistics, which are a collective of the CCU and all EUM interactions.
Page 151: Eum Receive Statistics
11 Monitoring the Network As with the CCU transmit statistics, the following sample calculations can be made using the sample data from Table Total number of desired payloads = B + C = 44,718 + 2 = 44,720 This is also equal to: (txPayloads1Ok + txPayloads2Ok + txPayloads3Ok + txPayloads 4Ok + txPayloadsFailRetry) = (36,889 + 5,216 + 1,489 + 553 + 573) = 44,720 NOTE: Due to real-time issues (the fact that at any given time, some...
Page 152: User Data
11 Monitoring the Network The statistic rxPktsDuplicate measures the number of times the CCU sends the same packet of information more than one time. A high value of rxPktsDuplicate indicates that the acknowledgements from the EUM are not being properly received at the CCU. 11.3.3 User Data The actual user data is recorded by the statistics Rx Data Payloads and Tx Data Payloads.
Page 153: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting an LMS4000 900 MHz radio network problem is an iterative process. First of all, you need to isolate the general location of the problem, then isolate the problem, and finally, determine the root cause of the problem. There are five general areas to which an LMS4000 operational problem might be isolated: •...
Page 154: Eum Troubleshooting
12 Troubleshooting B. If only one EUM is affected: • Verify that you can ping from the gateway router to other EUMs on the same CCU. If you cannot, go to A. above. • If this test is successful, go to EUM Troubleshooting on page 136.
Page 155 12 Troubleshooting To enable the <ipconfig> capability, you can use the Windows utility, <winipcfg> in Windows 95 and 98 operating systems, and the DOS utility in newer Windows operating systems. The <ping> command is used to test data links. A successful short ping test confirms connectivity but may not indicate link error rates that would cause failures in tests with longer packets.
Page 156: Table 30 Remote Troubleshooting - Eum (Service Not Available)
12 Troubleshooting Table 30 Remote Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Not Available) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Confirm EUM status Telnet to the CCU and Telnet is successful.
Page 157: Table 31 Remote Troubleshooting - Eum (Service Degraded)
12 Troubleshooting Table 31 Remote Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Degraded) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Check the gateway to From the Ethernet side of No failures or time-outs.
Page 158: Table 32 Local Troubleshooting - Eum (Service Not Available)
12 Troubleshooting Table 31 Remote Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Degraded) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Record key EUM The retransmission rate, The slowdown is likely Go to the local troubleshooting procedures statistics from <stats...
Page 159 12 Troubleshooting Table 32 Local Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Not Available) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Verify the data link Check the Ethernet The Link LED is ON solid Cable connection is •...
Page 160: Table 33 Local Troubleshooting - Eum (Service Degraded)
<ping> the Internet is OK. Go to are affected. Internet Test G. 207.23.175.75 (WaveRider web site) Through the DOS No failures or time-outs. DNS server access The DNS server is unavailable. command line, <ping> (required for browser and www.waverider.com .
Page 161 12 Troubleshooting Table 33 Local Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Degraded) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Verify the logical data Through the DOS No failures or time-outs.
Page 162 12 Troubleshooting Table 33 Local Troubleshooting — EUM (Service Degraded) What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Open browser to http:// Throughput in both Customer complaint may Repeat the test with a different PC and data speed-test.net, run the...
Page 163: Ccu Troubleshooting
CCU, the nature of the reported problem, and the extent of the reported problem. For the purpose of this troubleshooting section, it is assumed that the CCU has been installed according to the guidelines provided by WaveRider and EUMs have been successfully deployed and operated. Subsequent problems can then be divided into the following categories: •...
Page 164: Table 34 Remote Troubleshooting - Ccu
12 Troubleshooting Table 34 Remote Troubleshooting — CCU What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Confirm the network link Telnet to the CCU. Access to the CCU is Verifies network access Either the network connection to the CCU is...
Page 165: Table 35 Local Troubleshooting - Ccu
12 Troubleshooting Table 34 Remote Troubleshooting — CCU What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Check for Key Statistics in the CLI, type <stats Key Statistics, described No change in the An increase in retry rates is potentially an...
Page 166 12 Troubleshooting Table 35 Local Troubleshooting — CCU What does a good What should I do? What is a good result? What if I do not get a good result? result mean? Having a captive EUM at the CCU site can be helpful to isolate problems. With a If a captive EUM cannot be accessed, even simple antenna, the captive EUM can be accessed from the CCU to confirm the when set up in a high-signal receive area,...
Page 167: If You Have An Interferer
There are two general types of interferers that have to be addressed — those that share the ISM band with the LMS4000 900MHz Radio Network, and those that operate adjacent to the ISM band.
Page 168 12 Troubleshooting resort. Otherwise, the level and location of the interferer has to be deduced from measurements available at the CCU and EUM. Several of these measurements are referenced in the preceding Troubleshooting sections. Some further clarifications and guidelines are listed here: •...
Page 169: General Troubleshooting Information
12 Troubleshooting 12.4 General Troubleshooting Information Table 36 provides troubleshooting tips related to general problems that you may be having with trying to operate over the network. Table 36 General Network Problems Symptom Potential Causes ARP table mismatches Network devices maintain an ARP table that matches an IP address with a MAC address.
Page 170: Figure 48 Ethernet Plug (Bottom View)
12 Troubleshooting Ethernet Cable Wiring Table 37 provides troubleshooting tips related to problems that you may be having with Ethernet cables. Table 37 Ethernet Cabling Problems Symptom Potential Causes • Ethernet cable wired wrong. • Ethernet cable RJ-45 ends terminated incorrectly •...
Page 171 12 Troubleshooting • Pin 4 = Blue • Pin 5 = White Blue • Pin 6 = Orange • Pin 7 = White Brown • Pin 8 = Brown For a crossover cable, one plug should be assembled as a standard and the other plug as follows: •...
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Page 173: Specialized Applications
13.1 EUM Thin Route In some cases, it may be cost-effective to use an EUM to extend the reach of the LMS4000 900 MHz radio network to small numbers of outlying EUMs, as shown in Figure...
Page 174: Eum Backhaul
“b” network. Depending on the number of EUMs in the radio channel “b” network and their subscribed grades of service, the thin-route EUM may need to be assigned a special grade of service, which can be obtained from WaveRider. 13.2...
Page 175: Appendix A Specifications
Appendix A Specifications This appendix lists the following specifications for the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network, specifically the technical specifications for the CCU and EUM, configured for operation in the FCC/IC RF regulatory domain: • Radio Specifications on page 157 •...
Page 176: Table 39 Ethernet Interface Specifications
905 MHz, 915 MHz, 925 MHz Frequencies (standard) Note: Other frequencies can be used, depending on site-specific considerations. Call WaveRider for more information. Modulation Scheme Based on DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum) signals, modulated with CCK (Complementary Code Keying), and Barker-...
Page 177: Appendix B Factory Configuration
Appendix B Factory Configuration This appendix identifies the factory configuration settings for the CCU and EUM. Table 42 CCU Factory Configuration Parameter Default Configuration Console Prompt The default console prompt is the station (CCU) ID. Deregistration Count DHCP Relay Disabled Ethernet IP Address 192.168.10.250 Ethernet Netmask...
Page 178: Table 43 Eum Factory Configuration
Parameter Default Configuration Radio IP Address 192.168.11.1 Radio Netmask Registration Server IP Address 0.0.0.0 Registration Server Netmask SNMP Contact WaveRider Communications Inc. SNMP Location www.waverider.com SNMP Read Communities public SNMP Write Communities private SNMP Traps None entered SNTP Client Enabled...
Page 179 Default Configuration Port Filters 137 (both) 138 (both) 139 (both) 1512 (both) Radio Frequency 9050 (905.0MHz) SNMP Contact WaveRider Communications Ltd. SNMP Location www.waverider.com SNMP Read Communities public SNMP Write Communities private SNMP Traps None entered SNTP Client (listen only) Enabled...
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Page 181: Appendix C Command-Line Syntax
Appendix C Command-Line Syntax This appendix describes the various LMS4000 commands and syntax, and consists of the following sections: • Command-line Syntax Conventions and Shortcuts on page 163 • CCU Command-line Syntax on page 165 • EUM Command-line Syntax on page 174 NOTE: The help command on the CCU or EUM may display additional commands that are not listed in the following tables.
Page 182: Table 44 Command-Line Syntax Conventions
Table 44 Command-Line Syntax Conventions Convention Examples Indicates that you must type the text. monospaced ip route font Enter Bold face type indicates a keyboard key Enter press. A plus sign (+) indicates key combinations. For example, for Ctrl+U, Ctrl+U press and hold down the Ctrl key, then press the U key.
Page 183: Table 46 Ccu Command-Line Syntax
CCU Command-line Syntax Table 46 CCU Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Displays the Address Table. Removes all entries from the Address add flush Table. Removes an EUM ID from the Address add rem <eum id> Table, where: • <eum id> is the EUM ID, formatted in hexadecimal as XX:XX:XX.
Page 184 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Displays the ARP Map Table. arp map Maps MAC address to IP address arp map <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>. The MAC address is obtained from the ARP Table, or by sending out an ARP request. Displays the Authorization Table. auth Adds an EUM to the Authorization Table, auth add <eum id>...
Page 185 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Exits the current console session and exit|quit returns to the password prompt. Lists the file system utilities. file ? Copies a file. Use this command only when file copy|cp <source> upgrading the firmware. <destination> • <source> is the name of the source file.
Page 186 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Changes the Ethernet IP address of the ip ethernet <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> CCU, where: (0-32) • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the new Ethernet IP address of the CCU. • (0-32) is the netmask. Displays the IP address of the router ip gateway through which the CCU connects to the Internet.
Page 187 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Displays the CCU radio frequency in tenths radio frequency of a MHz; for example, 905.0 MHz is displayed as 9050. Changes the CCU radio frequency, where. radio frequency <frequency> • <frequency> is the new radio frequency, in tenths of a MHz;...
Page 188 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Deletes a route from the routing table. route delete <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <eee.fff.ggg.hhh> (0-32) • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the Ethernet IP address of the network being removed from the routing table. • <eee.fff.ggg.hhh> is the Ethernet IP address of the gateway through which the destination device is reached.
Page 189 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Deletes a trap server community, where: snmp trap delete <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <community> • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the Ethernet IP address of the trap server. • <community> is the community name for the trap server being deleted. Displays the statistics for all drivers and stats network protocols.
Page 190 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Writes text to the log file. This command is sys wlog <text> useful for adding information to the log for subsequent analysis: • <text> may be from 1-80 characters in length. Displays the system calendar clock time. time Adds an NTP server, where: time add <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>...
Page 191 Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description Sends NTP messages to a single EUM, time relay ip|destination where: <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>|broadcast • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the IP address of the EUM. or sends NTP messages to all EUMs if broadcast is entered. Displays NTP server utilities. time server ? Changes the SNTP server port, where: time server port <port>...
Page 192: Table 47 Eum Command-Line Syntax
EUM Command-line Syntax Table 47 EUM Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Displays the ARP Table. Adds an entry to the ARP table, where. arp add <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX> [flags] • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the IP address. • <XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX> is the Ethernet address, in hexadecimal format.
Page 193 Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Copies a file. Use this command only when file copy|cp <source> upgrading the firmware. <destination> • <source> is the name of the source file. • <destination> is the name of the destination file. Deletes a file, where: file delete <filename>...
Page 194 Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Changes the Ethernet IP address of the ip ethernet <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> EUM, where: (0-32) • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the new Ethernet IP address of the EUM. • (0-32) is the netmask. Displays the IP address of the CCU through ip gateway which the EUM connects to the Internet.
Page 195 Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Clears the CCU RSSI and transmit power radio rc level history. Displays or sets the power of the EUM radio rf high|low radio. Note: The EUM RF level should always be set to high. Displays the RSSI and transmit power level radio rh history.
Page 196 Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Adds a trap server community, where: snmp trap add <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> <community> • <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> is the Ethernet IP address of the EUM. • <community> is the community name for the trap server, from 1-64 characters in length. Deletes a trap server community, where: snmp trap delete <aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd>...
Page 197 Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description Changes the system prompt, where: sys prompt <new prompt> • <new prompt> is the new prompt, from 1-20 characters in length. Displays the system status file. sys ss Displays the task list. sys task Displays system uptime. sys uptime Displays software version information.
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Page 199: Appendix D Antenna Guidelines
Appendix D Antenna Guidelines WARNING! Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel, and external antennas must be properly grounded. Failure to terminate the antenna port correctly can permanently damage the EUM. WaveRider assumes liability failure adhere this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.
Page 200 3.8dBi, which is a valid antenna configuration, because the antenna system gain is lower than the maximum permissible value of 9.1dBi for a yagi antenna type. WARNING! To prevent equipment damage, you must use the WaveRider proprietary WCM connector to connect transmission line and antennas to the EUM2000.
Page 201: Ccu/Eum Data Tables
Appendix E CCU/EUM Data Tables The CCU and EUM firmware is structured around a set of tables and files, which are discussed in the following sections in the logical order that they are actively involved in the transmission of packets from the Internet to the end-user’s PC: •...
Page 202: Table 49 Port Filter Table Entries
Table 49 Port Filter Table Entries Table Entry Description Port The number of the port which is to be filtered. For each port listed, the CCU or EUM can be set to filter UDP, Filter TCP, or both UDP and TCP packets. To access the Port Filter Table: Console>...
Page 203: Table 51 Routing Table Entries
CCU radio interface • lo0: Loopback This entry is an operating system parameter that has no Proto meaning for CCU configuration and operation. To view the Routing Table: WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: Console> route Destination Mask Gateway Flags RefCnt Interface Proto 0.0.0.0...
Page 204: Table 52 Routing Table Flags
In the above example, the default route is defined by: Destination Mask Gateway Flags RefCnt Interface Proto 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 196587 esmc0 Any IP packet with a destination which is not listed in the Routing Table will be forwarded through the Ethernet port (IP address 10.0.0.1) and on to the NAP router. The radio subnet route is defined by: Destination Mask...
Page 205: Table 53 Arp Table Entries
ARP Table (CCU and EUM) For each host (EUM or PC) in the system, the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table displays the following information: Table 53 ARP Table Entries Table Entry Description destination Host IP Address gateway Host Ethernet MAC Address Refer to Routing Table (CCU and EUM) on page 184 for a description of...
Page 206 10.0.0.3 00:90:27:33:c7:e8 esmc0 10.0.0.10 00:a0:98:00:9b:26 esmc0 10.0.0.15 00:10:83:fd:61:a esmc0 10.0.0.16 00:10:83:fd:e1:4e 1839 esmc0 10.0.0.17 00:b0:d0:e1:04:c0 esmc0 10.0.1.68 00:00:e8:4d:62:3 19054 esmc0 10.5.1.17 00:50:da:bb:d1:de rdr1 10.5.2.50 00:50:ba:b3:97:cd rdr1 10.5.2.54 00:50:da:b7:25:2f 8823 rdr1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Console> Address Translation Table (CCU only) The Address Translation Table lists the MAC addresses for: •...
Page 207 00:50:c8:e0:0a:33EUM Ethernet MAC Address Authorization Table (CCU only) The Authorization Table controls the EUMs’ access to the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network. The Authorization Table contains the grade of service class for each EUM in the system, whether the EUM is active or not.
Page 208: Table 54 Registration Table Entries
Registration Table (CCU only) The Registration Table contains a list of all registered EUMs. The CCU automatically builds and adds to this table as EUMs communicate with the CCU. Every EUM that registers with the CCU appears in this table. The EUM will be removed from the Registration Table if the: •...
Page 209: Table 55 Arp Map Table Entries
Console> NOTE: The air command has been used to view the Registration Table, because reg is too close to reb (reboot). ARP Map Table (CCU and EUM) For each host (EUM or PC) in the system, the ARP Map Table displays the following entries: Table 55 ARP MAP Table Entries Table Entry Description...
Page 210: Table 56 Customer Table Entries
Customer Table (EUM only) The purpose of the Customer Table is to give the system operator control over the number of PCs that can access the Internet through the EUM. The Customer Table is optimized for the case where multiple hosts are connected to the EUM, but only one accesses the Internet at any given time.
Page 211 File Notes : Operator updated File CRC : 0xC3 Ethernet/USB IP Address: 10.5.0.31 Ethernet/USB Net Mask : ffff0000 Gateway IP Address: 10.5.0.1 Contact: WaveRider Communications Inc. Location: www.waverider.com Name: LMS3000 SNMP Read Communities: public SNMP Write Communities: private SNMP Traps:...
Page 212 File Notes : Based on TN040 Customer Port MAC Address: 00:90:c8:e0:03:75 Hardware ID: 4B Airlink MAC Address: 00:90:c8:60:03:75 Serial Number: E00375 Modem Type: EUM RF level +27 dbm +15 dbm - 905.0 Mhz - 915.0 Mhz High - 925.0 Mhz RSSI level -76 dbm -70 dbm...
Page 213: Table 57 Rssi/Rss Cross-Reference For Sample Unit (At 915Mhz)
Table 57 RSSI/RSS Cross-reference for Sample Unit (at 915MHz) RSSI RSSI RSSI RSSI RSSI -83dBm -74dBm -64dBm -58dBm -49dBm -82dBm -72dBm -63dBm -57dBm -48dBm -81dBm -71dBm -62dBm -56dBm -47dBm -80dBm -70dBm -61dBm -55dBm -46dBm -79dBm -69dBm -60dBm -54dBm -45dBm -78dBm -68dBm -59dBm -53dBm...
Page 214 IO Connections: ----------------------- USB Detected True Ethernet Detected True RS232_1 Detected True RS232_2 Detected False System State: ----------------------- System Operational Console> APCD-LM043-4.0...
Page 215: Ping Commands
Appendix F Ping Commands The following table lists the options available for use with a Windows Ping test. This information was obtained from Microsoft Windows 2000 TCP/IP Protocols and Services Technical Reference, pp. 184-185. Table 58 Windows Ping Test Command Options Option Default Sends Echoes until interrupted.
Page 216 Option Default -j host-list Sends the ICMP Echoes using the Loose Source Route option Not set and sets the next hop addresses to the IP addresses in the host list. The host list is made up of IP addresses separated by spaces corresponding to the loose source route.
Page 217: Snmp Mib Definitions
This appendix defines the MIBs used in the CCU and EUM. These MIBs are organized under the following headings: • MIB-II Elements Supported from RFC-1213 on page 199 • WaveRider CCU Enterprise MIBs on page 203 • CCU RFC MIB-II Traps on page 212 •...
Page 218: Table 60 Mib-Ii Interface List Header Mib
MIB Name Type Status Description This group shows the address translation table, mapping Ethernet addresses to IP addresses. This group is only for MIB-I compatibility. This group provides all of the statistics on IP traffic that is routed through the modem. For EUMs, all traffic from the end-user to the CCU bypass the IP stack in the EUM so these numbers are only for the EUM applications.
Page 219 Value MIB Name Accepted Values Description Type ifDescr String lo0: loopback A textual string containing information about esmc0: ethernet the interface. This string should include the mdr1: radio name of the manufacturer, the product name and the version of the hardware interface. ifType Integer 6:ethernet-csmacd...
Page 220 Value MIB Name Accepted Values Description Type ifInDiscards Counter The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher-layer protocol. One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space.
Page 221: Figure 51 Ccu Mibs
CCU Base MIB All values in Table 62, which are read only, are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1.4.1. 2979.11. Table 62 WaveRider CCU Base MIB MIB Name Value Type Description ccuGlobal CCU general data.
Page 222: Table 63 Waverider Ccu General Information Enterprise Mibs
CCU General Information Group All values in Table 63 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.1. Table 63 WaveRider CCU General Information Enterprise MIBs Accepted MIB Name Value Type Status Description Values ccuSerialNumber String CCU hardware serial number ccuSoftwareVersion String CCU firmware version.
Page 223: Table 65 Waverider Ccu Radio Statistics Mib
Radio MAC statistics. CCU Radio General Statistics Group All CCU Radio General Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 66 prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.3.1. Table 66 WaveRider CCU Radio General Statistics Group MIB MIB Name Value Type Description ccuRadioGenRSSI Integer Not used.
Page 224: Table 68 Waverider Ccu Radio Mac Statistics Group Mib
The received packet is ignored in this case. CCU Radio MAC Statistics Group All CCU Radio MAC Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 68 prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.3.3. Table 68 WaveRider CCU Radio MAC Statistics Group MIB Value MIB Name Description Type...
Page 225 Value MIB Name Description Type ccuRadioMACRxPayloadFailInvalidType Counter Number of times an unknown type of payload was received from the air interface. ccuRadioMACRxPayloadFailGiant Counter Number of times a payload that was too long was received from the air interface, and therefore discarded.
Page 226 Value MIB Name Description Type ccuRadioMACRxPktsRuntFail Counter Number of packets received that were shorter than the minimum size. ccuRadioMACRxPktsLongFail Counter Number of packets received that were longer than the maximum size. ccuRadioMACRxPktsHCRCFail Counter Number of packets received with a MAC header CRC failure (header corrupted).
Page 227 Value MIB Name Description Type ccuRadioMACTxPayloadsAssocFail Counter Number of payloads returned to the host because too many other EUMs were already associated . ccuRadioMACTxPayloadsTimeout Counter Number of payloads returned to the host because of timeout. ccuRadioMACTxPayloadQueueTooLong Counter Number of payloads returned to the host because the transmit queue for the EUM was too long (see note 4).
Page 228: Table 69 Waverider Ccu Ethernet Statistics Group Mib
CCU Ethernet Statistics Group All CCU Ethernet Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 69 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.4. Table 69 WaveRider CCU Ethernet Statistics Group MIB Value MIB Name Description Type ccuEtherInterrupts Counter Total number of interrupts received by the Ethernet driver ISR, interrupt service routine.
Page 229: Table 70 Waverider Ccu Modem Information Mib
Number of times a transmit semaphore could not be taken in the timeout period. CCU Modem Information MIB All values in Table 70 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5. Table 70 WaveRider CCU Modem Information MIB Value MIB Name Description Type ccuRegistration Registration Table.
Page 230: Table 73 Waverider Ccu Authorization Table Mib
CCU Authorization Information MIB All CCU Authorization MIB values are read only. All values in Table 73 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5.2. Table 73 WaveRider CCU Authorization Table MIB Value MIB Name Description Type ccuAuthorizationCount Integer Number of authorized EUMs. ccuAuthorizationTable CCU Authorization Table All CCU Authorization Table Group MIB values are read only.
Page 231: Figure 52 Eum Mibs
EUM Base MIB All values in Table 76, which are read only, are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1.4.1. 2979.12. Table 76 WaveRider EUM Base MIB MIB Name Value Type Description eumGlobal EUM general data.
Page 232: Table 77 Waverider Eum General Information Enterprise Mibs
EUM General Information Group All values in Table 77 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.1. Table 77 WaveRider EUM General Information Enterprise MIBs Accepted MIB Name Value Type Status Description Values eumSerialNumber String EUM hardware serial number eumSoftwareVersion String EUM firmware version.
Page 233: Table 79 Waverider Eum Radio Statistics Mib
Radio MAC statistics. EUM Radio General Statistics Group All EUM Radio General Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 80 prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3.1. Table 80 WaveRider EUM Radio General Statistics Group MIB MIB Name Value Type Description eumRadioGenRSSI Integer Radio receive signal strength indicator, in dBm.
Page 234: Table 82 Waverider Eum Radio Mac Statistics Group Mib
The received packet is ignored in this case. EUM Radio MAC Statistics Group All EUM Radio MAC Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 82 prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3.3. Table 82 WaveRider EUM Radio MAC Statistics Group MIB Value MIB Name Description Type...
Page 235 Value MIB Name Description Type eumRadioMACRxPayloadFailInvalidType Counter Number of times an unknown type of payload was received from the air interface. eumRadioMACRxPayloadFailGiant Counter Number of times a payload that was too long was received from the air interface, and therefore discarded.
Page 236 Value MIB Name Description Type eumRadioMACRxPktsHCRCFail Counter Number of packets received with a MAC header CRC failure (header corrupted). eumRadioMACRxPktsICVFail Counter Number of packets received with an encryption (WEP, wireless equivalent privacy) key mismatch (see note eumRadioMACRxPktsFCSFail Counter Number of packets received with a Frame Check Sequence failure (payload corrupted).
Page 237: Table 83 Waverider Ccu Ethernet Statistics Group Mib
EUM for a short period of time. EUM Ethernet Statistics Group All EUM Ethernet Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 83 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.4. Table 83 WaveRider CCU Ethernet Statistics Group MIB Value MIB Name Description Type eumEtherInterrupts...
Page 238 Value MIB Name Description Type eumEtherRxOverrunInterrupt Counter Number of overrun interrupts received by the Ethernet driver ISR. An overrun occurs when a received packet has exceeded the packet size, or the processor has missed one or more packets. eumEtherRxInProgressInterrupt Counter Number of times a receive complete interrupt was received by the Ethernet driver ISR before the current packet was finished.
Page 239: Table 84 Eum Rfc Mib-Ii Traps
EUM RFC MIB-II Traps RFC MIB-II Traps Table 84 EUM RFC MIB-II Traps MIB Name Description coldStart 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.0 Power Cycle or Power On authenticationFailure 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.4 An SNMP request has failed due to improper authentication APCD-LM043-4.0...
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Page 241: Appendix H Operating Statistics
All of these statistics are available through the command-line interface. Most of the statistics are also available in the CCU and EUM MIBs, if you want to monitor the LMS4000 900 MHz radio network from an SNMP manager.
Page 242: Table 85 Ethernet Statistics
Ethernet Statistics present operational information about data passing through the CCU and EUM Ethernet ports. These statistics are described in Table As indicated in Table 85, all of the Ethernet statistics are available in a WaveRider MIB. Table 85 Ethernet Statistics Available Statistic Description...
Page 243 Available Statistic Description in MIB Number of packets received and accepted by RX Data the IP stack. Number of packets received and rejected by RX Data Error the IP stack because of errors. Number of packets lost due to insufficient RX Data Mblk Error memory resources.
Page 244: Table 86 Radio Driver Statistics
Radio Driver Statistics present operational information about data passing through the CCU and EUM radio driver and ports. These statistics are described in Table As indicated in Table 86, all of the Radio Driver statistics are available in a WaveRider MIB. Table 86 Radio Driver Statistics Available Statistic Description...
Page 245 Available Statistic Description in MIB Number of times a packet was discarded due AMM Q Full Discard to the MAC-layer shared memory transmit queue not draining. Number of packets received from the MAC- AMM Get layer shared memory. Number of times there was a receive interrupt, AMM Q Empty but nothing available to read out of the MAC- layer shared memory.
Page 246: Table 87 Mac Interface Statistics
MAC Interface Statistics present operational information about data which is processed by the CCU and EUM MAC layer. These statistics are described in Table As noted in Table 87, most of the MAC interface statistics are available in a WaveRider MIB. Table 87 MAC Interface Statistics Available Statistic Description (see note 2)
Page 247 Available Statistic Description (see note 2) in MIB Not used. Atmel Fatal Error Not used. Unused Statistic At the CCU, the number of times a reply from rxPktsDirected the EUM is received with the correct HCRC (header cyclic redundancy check). In the EUM, the number of times a poll for the EUM is received from the CCU with the correct HCRC.
Page 248 Available Statistic Description (see note 2) in MIB Number of packets received that are directed rxPktsEmpty to this station, but that did not contain a payload. Number of packets transmitted. txPkts Number of packets transmitted with no txPktsEmpty payload. Number of payloads transmitted. txPayloads Number of broadcast payloads transmitted.
Page 249 Available Statistic Description (see note 2) in MIB At the CCU, the number of times that no replyOrRssiTimeouts response was received to a directed poll. At the EUM, the number of times the RSSI timer expired because the EUM had not received anything from the CCU for more than 0.5s.
Page 250 • The CCU maintains a transmit queue for each EUM. The length of this queue is limited, to keep one EUM from consuming all the resources and impacting other EUMs. Discards indicate excessive load by one EUM, possibly due to large TCP windows.
Page 251: Table 88 Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics
Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics present operational information about data which is processed by the EUM bridging or CCU routing layer. These statistics are described in Table The Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics are not available in the WaveRider MIBs. Table 88 Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics Statistic...
Page 252 Statistic Description Number of Ethernet frames from the Ethernet Rx Eth Err - Pkt Size port that were discarded because the frame was too large or too small to decode. Number of Ethernet frames from the Ethernet Rx Eth Err - Unknown Ether Type port that were discarded because they were neither IP nor ARP frames (example, IPX frame).
Page 253 Statistic Description Number of Ethernet frames from the radio port Rx Radio Err - Unknown Msg Type that were discarded because of an internal routing error. Number of Ethernet frames received from the Rx Radio Err - Unreg Request radio port that were discarded because they came from an unregistered EUM.
Page 254: Table 89 Network Interface Statistics
Network Interface Statistics, described in Table 88, are generated by the IP-protocol suite resident on the CCU and EUM. Network Interface Statistics are not available in the WaveRider MIBs. Table 89 Network Interface Statistics Statistic Description For information on ICMP, and ICMP-related statistics, refer to RFC729.
Page 255 0.0.0.0.161 0.0.0.0.0 CCU> In the above example, the active internet connections were: Port 21 Port 23 Telnet (two sessions open) Port 123 Port 161 SNMP Port 20001 WaveRider private CCU load meter server To view network interface TCP statistics; APCD-LM043-4.0...
Page 256 CCU> stats net tcp TCP: 536 packets sent 304 data packets (23557 bytes) 0 data packet (0 byte) retransmitted 222 ack-only packets (7 delayed) 0 URG only packet 0 window probe packet 0 window update packet 10 control packets 527 packets received 310 acks (for 23571 bytes) 7 duplicate acks 0 ack for unsent data...
Page 257: Table 90 Load Statistics (Radio Meter)
The radio meter command prints out a table of measurements that indicate the current load on the system. These statistics are only available at the CCU. The load statistics are summarized Table 90. System Load Statistics are not available through the WaveRider MIBs. Table 90 Load Statistics (Radio Meter) Statistic Description Value of the CCU’s internal 32-bit microsecond timer at the instant the messages...
Page 258 • Violation counters could roll over after 70 seconds if the corresponding parameter was set too small. A steeply climbing violation counter indicates serious problems with either the settings or the system load. To view the load statistics: Console> radio meter CCU Load Meter Time (us): 2388125184 Fw Pyls...
Page 259: Ip Plan - Example
Appendix I IP Plan — Example The following tables provide an example of an IP plan for an LMS4000 system equipped with fifteen 900 MHz CAPs. NAP IP Addressing Plan Table 91 Example - CCU Ethernet Subnet Data Subnet 192.168.10.0...
Page 260: Table 93 Example - Ccu Ethernet Ip Addressing Plan
CCU Ethernet IP Addressing Plan Table 93 Example - CCU Ethernet IP Addressing Plan CCU Ethernet CCU Ethernet Site Site Address Address CAP01 CCU01 192.168.10.11 CAP09 CCU01 192.168.10.139 CCU02 192.168.10.12 CCU02 192.168.10.140 CCU03 192.168.10.13 CCU03 192.168.10.141 CAP02 CCU01 192.168.10.27 CAP10 CCU01 192.168.10.155 CCU02...
Page 261: Table 94 Example - Ccu Radio Subnet Data
CCU Radio IP Addressing Plan Table 94 Example - CCU Radio Subnet Data Subnet 172.16.0.0 Subnet Mask Bits Subnet Mask 255.255.252.0 (ff.ff.fc.00) Table 95 Example - CCU Radio IP Addressing Plan CCU Radio Site Subnet CCU Radio Subnet Range Broadcast IP Address CAP01 CCU01...
Page 262 CCU Radio Site Subnet CCU Radio Subnet Range Broadcast IP Address CAP09 CCU01 172.16.100.0 172.16.100.1 172.16.100.1 - 172.16.103.254 172.16.103.255 CCU02 172.16.104.0 172.16.104.1 172.16.104.1 - 172.16.107.254 172.16.107.255 CCU03 172.16.108.0 172.16.108.1 172.16.108.1 - 172.16.111.254 172.16.111.255 CAP10 CCU01 172.16.112.0 172.16.112.1 172.16.112.1 - 172.16.115.254 172.16.115.255 CCU02 172.16.116.0...
Page 263: Table 96 Example - Eum Subnet Data
EUM IP Addressing Plan Table 96 Example - EUM Subnet Data Subnet 172.16.0.0 Subnet Mask Bits Subnet Mask 255.255.252.0 (ff.ff.fc.00) Table 97 Example - EUM IP Addressing Plan Site Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range CAP01 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.4.2 - 172.16.4.254 EUM254-300 172.16.5.1 - 172.16.5.47 CCU02...
Page 264 Site Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range CAP05 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.52.2 - 172.16.52.254 EUM254-300 172.16.53.1 - 172.16.53.47 CCU02 EUM001-253 172.16.56.2 - 172.16.56.254 EUM254-300 172.16.57.1 - 172.16.57.47 CCU03 EUM001-253 172.16.60.2 - 172.16.60.254 EUM254-300 172.16.61.1 - 172.16.61.47 CAP06 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.64.2 - 172.16.64.254 EUM254-300 172.16.65.1 - 172.16.65.47 CCU02...
Page 265 Site Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range CAP10 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.112.2 - 172.16.112.254 EUM254-300 172.16.113.1 - 172.16.113.47 CCU02 EUM001-253 172.16.116.2 - 172.16.116.254 EUM254-300 172.16.117.1 - 172.16.117.47 CCU03 EUM001-253 172.16.120.2 - 172.16.120.254 EUM254-300 172.16.121.1 - 172.16.121.47 CAP11 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.124.2 - 172.16.124.254 EUM254-300 172.16.125.1 - 172.16.125.47 CCU02...
Page 266: Table 98 Example - Subscriber Subnet Data
Site Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range CAP15 CCU01 EUM001-253 172.16.172.2 - 172.16.172.254 EUM254-300 172.16.173.1 - 172.16.173.47 CCU02 EUM001-253 172.16.176.2 - 172.16.176.254 EUM254-300 172.16.177.1 - 172.16.177.47 CCU03 EUM001-253 172.16.180.2 - 172.16.180.254 EUM254-300 172.16.181.1 - 172.16.181.47 Subscriber IP Addressing Plan Table 98 Example - Subscriber Subnet Data Subnet 172.16.0.0 Subnet Mask Bits...
Page 267 Site Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range CAP03 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.30.1 - 172.16.30.254 SUB254-300 172.16.31.1 - 172.16.31.46 CCU02 SUB001-253 172.16.34.1 - 172.16.34.254 SUB254-300 172.16.35.1 - 172.16.35.46 CCU03 SUB001-253 172.16.38.1 - 172.16.38.254 SUB254-300 172.16.39.1 - 172.16.39.46 CAP04 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.42.1 - 172.16.42.254 SUB254-300 172.16.43.1 - 172.16.43.46 CCU02...
Page 268 Site Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range CAP08 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.90.1 - 172.16.90.254 SUB254-300 172.16.91.1 - 172.16.91.46 CCU02 SUB001-253 172.16.94.1 - 172.16.94.254 SUB254-300 172.16.95.1 - 172.16.95.46 CCU03 SUB001-253 172.16.98.1 - 172.16.98.254 SUB254-300 172.16.99.1 - 172.16.99.97 CAP09 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.102.1 - 172.16.102.254 SUB254-300 172.16.103.1 - 172.16.103.46 CCU02...
Page 269 Site Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range CAP13 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.150.1 - 172.16.150.254 SUB254-300 172.16.151.1 - 172.16.151.46 CCU02 SUB001-253 172.16.154.1 - 172.16.154.254 SUB254-300 172.16.155.1 - 172.16.155.46 CCU03 SUB001-253 172.16.158.1 - 172.16.158.254 SUB254-300 172.16.159.1 - 172.16.159.46 CAP14 CCU01 SUB001-253 172.16.162.1 - 172.16.162.254 SUB254-300 172.16.163.1 - 172.16.163.46 CCU02...
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Page 271: Acronyms And Glossary
Appendix J Acronyms and Glossary Table 100 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Definition Abbreviation ABWM Advanced Bandwidth Manager Alternating Current Application Programming Interface Address Resolution Protocol Automatic Retry Request ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange Basic Configuration File Communications Access Point CAP Channel Unit Committed Information Rate Command Line Interface...
Page 272 Acronym or Definition Abbreviation Data Set Ready DSSS Direct-sequence Spread Spectrum Data Terminal Equipment Electrostatic Discharge Electronic Serial Number ETSI European Telecommunications Standards for Industry End-user Modem Federal Communications Commission (U.S.A.) Field Replaceable Unit File Transfer Protocol GigaHertz Greenwich Mean Time Grade of Service HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol...
Page 273 Small Office/Home Office SRAM Static Random Access Memory Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Time-Division Duplex (Modulation) TDMA Time-Division Multiple Access Transmit User Datagram Protocol Underwriters Laboratories Uninterruptable Power Supply Universal Time Coordination WRAP WaveRider Access Point APCD-LM043-4.0...
Page 274: Table 101 Lms4000 Network Glossary
The RF Equipment associated with an LMS4000, including CCUs, RFSM, antennas, and transmission lines. Bandwidth Manager The entity in the LMS4000 that uses various algorithms to manage end-user access to the network interface bandwidth, based on subscribed level of service.
Page 275 Term Definition GOS (Grade of Service) A level of service associated with an EUM, which determines how often, and when, an EUM will be polled. Since an EUM can only send one packet each time it is polled, the data rate is related to the polling rate.
Page 276 SNMP Trap Server The server to which SNMP trap messages are forwarded. SNTP (Simple Network A feature that provides LMS4000 devices with an accurate Time Protocol) time clock for time stamping events in a log file. Spread Spectrum A communication technology in which the transmitted signal occupies a much greater bandwidth than the information bandwidth.
Page 277 Term Definition TCP (Transmission The connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides Control Protocol) reliable, full-duplex data transmission in TCP/IP networks. Telnet A terminal emulation program for TCP/IP networks. UDP (User Datagram Part of the TCP/IP protocol suite, which provides a way for Protocol) applications to access the connectionless features of IP.
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Page 279: Index
Index ....cable wiring ....statistics .
Page 280 ........temperature transmit power .
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Page 282 Telephone: +1 416–502–3161 Fax: +1 416–502–2968 Email: techsupport@waverider.com URL: www.waverider.com...

WaveRider LMS4000 User Manual

Figures

Preface

1 Introduction

2 Quick Startup

3 Detailed Description

4 IP Network Planning

5 Radio Network Planning

6 Installation/Diagnostic Tools

7 Configuring the CCU

8 Configuring the EUM

9 Installing the EUM

10 Maintaining the Network

11 Monitoring the Network

12 Troubleshooting

13 Specialized Applications

Appendix A Specifications

Appendix B Factory Configuration

Appendix C Command-Line Syntax

Appendix D Antenna Guidelines

CCU/EUM Data Tables

Appendix E CCU/EUM Data Tables

Ping Commands

Appendix F Pingcommands

Appendix G SNMP MIB Definitions

SNMP MIB Definitions

Appendix H Operating Statistics

IP Plan - Example

Appendix I Ipplan-Example

Acronyms and Glossary

Appendix J Acronymsandglossary

Index

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

Related Manuals for WaveRider LMS4000

Summary of Contents for WaveRider LMS4000