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Comtech EF Data SDM-9000 Installation And Operation Manual

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SDM-9000
Satellite Modem
Installation and Operation Manual
Part Number MN/SDM9000.IOM
Revision 4

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  • Page 1 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation and Operation Manual Part Number MN/SDM9000.IOM Revision 4...
  • Page 3 Comtech EFData Documentation Update Subject: Added 8PSK and 16QAM information Date: June 6, 2000 Document: SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation and Operation Manual Part Number MN/SDM9000.IOM Rev. 4 dated May 5, 1997 Part Number: MN/SDM9000.EA4 Collating Instructions: Attach this page to page 1-16 Comments: The following changes provide updated information for Section 1.4.3, Table 1-4, Figures...
  • Page 4 8 Mbit/s, 8 Mbit/s, 8PSK w/IDR 8PSK w/IDR 2/3 RATE 5/6 RATE SPECIFICATIONS 10.0 11.0 (dB) Figure 1-6. 8PSK BER Performance Curves (with Reed-Solomon) Filename: T_ERRATA...
  • Page 5 8 Mbit/s, w/ IDR Figure 1-7. 16QAM BER Performance Curves (with Reed-Solomon) Filename: T_ERRATA...
  • Page 6 Comtech EFData Documentation Update Subject: Changes to Note in Section 2.4.10, Alarms Date: January 19, 2001 Document: SDM-9000 Satellite Data Modem Installation and Operation Manual, Rev. 4, dated May 5, 1997 Part Number: MN/SDM9000.EB4 Collating Instructions: Attach this page to page 2-15 Comments: The following changes provide updated information for page 2-15.
  • Page 7 Comtech EFData Documentation Update Subject: Changes to Table 3-2 (Modulator PCB Jumper Settings) Date: January 23, 2002 Document: SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation and Operation Manual, Rev. 4, dated May 5, 1997 Part Number: MN/SDM9000.EC4 Collating Instructions: Attach this page to page 3-3 Comments: The following changes provide updated information for Table 3-2.

  • Page 9: Installation And Operation Manual

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation and Operation Manual Comtech EFData is an ISO 9001 Registered Company. Part Number MN/SDM9000.IOM Revision 4 May 5, 1997 Copyright © Comtech EFData, 2000. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. Comtech EFData, 2114 West 7th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA, (480) 333-2200, FAX: (480) 333-2161.

  • Page 10: Customer Support

    Customer Support Contact the Comtech EFData Customer Support Department for: • Product support or training • Information on upgrading or returning a product • Reporting comments or suggestions concerning manuals A Customer Support representative may be reached at: Comtech EFData Attention: Customer Support Department 2114 West 7th Street Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA...

  • Page 11: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION..................1–1 1.1 Overview ................................. 1–2 1.1.1 Nyquist Filter Printed Circuit Boards ....................... 1–3 1.1.2 Description................................ 1–4 1.1.3 Options ................................1–6 1.1.3.1 Reed-Solomon Codec..........................1–6 1.1.3.2 8PSK/16QAM ............................1–6 1.1.3.3 Direct Broadcast Satellite .......................... 1–7 1.2 Modem Assemblies..............................
  • Page 12 Preface SDM-9000 Satelite Modem 2.4.8.2 G.703 (IDR) Interface (J8) (64 kbit/s Mode) .................... 2–11 2.4.8.3 ECL Interface (J8) ............................. 2–12 2.4.8.4 MIL-STD-188 Interface (J8) ........................2–13 2.4.9 AUX 1 (J9) ............................... 2–14 2.4.10 Alarms (J10) ..............................2–15 2.4.11 AC Power ............................... 2–16 2.4.12 DC Power ...............................
  • Page 13 SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Preface 4.2.3.4 RX Interface Faults ........................... 4–29 4.2.3.5 Common Equipment Faults........................4–30 4.2.3.6 Backward Alarms ............................4–30 4.2.4 Stored Faults/Alarms ............................4–33 4.2.5 Utility................................4–35 4.2.5.1 Utility Modulator............................4–37 4.2.5.2 Utility Demodulator ..........................4–39 4.2.5.3 Utility Interface ............................4–42 4.2.5.4 Utility System............................
  • Page 14 Preface SDM-9000 Satelite Modem 5.5.2.2 ECL ................................5–20 5.5.2.3 MIL-STD-188 ............................5–20 5.5.3 Theory of Operation ............................5–21 5.5.3.1 Transmit Data Path............................ 5–23 5.5.3.2 Receive Data Path ............................. 5–24 5.5.3.3 Loopbacks ..............................5–26 5.5.3.3.1 Baseband Loopback ........................... 5–26 5.5.3.3.2 Interface Loopback ..........................5–27 5.5.3.4 Engineering Service Channel (ESC) ......................
  • Page 15 SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Preface A.2.1 Requirements ..............................A–11 A.2.2 Baseband Physical Interfaces........................... A–12 A.2.2.1 ECL Physical Interface..........................A–12 A.2.2.2 PECL Physical Interface........................... A–13 A.2.3 DBS Baseband Interface ..........................A–14 A.2.3.1 DBS TX Baseband Interface ........................A–14 A.2.3.2 DBS RX Baseband Interface ........................A–14 A.2.4 Baseband Interface Requirements........................
  • Page 16 Figures Figure 1-1. SDM-9000 .............................. 1–1 Figure 1-2. Modular Construction ..........................1–4 Figure 1-3. SDM-9000 Block Diagram ........................1–5 Figure 1-4. Viterbi BER Performance Curves (QPSK) ..................... 1–13 Figure 1-5. Reed-Solomon BER Performance Curves (QPSK)................. 1–15 Figure 1-6. 8PSK BER Performance Curves (with Reed-Solomon) ................. 1–17 Figure 1-7.
  • Page 17 Figure A-4. Reed-Solomon Decoder Section Block Diagram ................... A–5 Figure A-5. Reed-Solomon Installation........................A–9 Figure A-6. Block Diagram of SDM-9000 Configured for DBS/DVB Operation ............ A–11 Figure A-7. Typical Differential ECL Receiver and Driver ..................A–12 Figure A-8. Typical Differential PECL Receiver and Driver ..................A–13 Figure A-9.
  • Page 18 • Added metric conversion paragraph to Preface. • Incorporated comment column to table on Page 1-3. • Revised table reflecting SDM-9000 part numbers. • Relocated reference to Figure 1-8 to Page 1-21. • Rearranged Chapter 2 paragraphing as follows: • Changed 2.5 to 2.2 •...

  • Page 19: About This Manual

    SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Preface About this Manual This manual provides installation and operation information for the EFData SDM-9000 satellite modem. This is a technical document intended for earth station engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the SDM-9000.
  • Page 20 Preface SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Metric Conversion Metric conversion information is located on the inside back cover of this manual. This information is provided to assist the operator in cross-referencing English to Metric conversions. Recommended Standard Designations Recommended Standard (RS) Designations have been superseded by the new designation of the Electronic Industries Association (EIA).
  • Page 21 SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Preface European EMC Directive In order to meet the European Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive (EN55022, EN50082-1), properly shielded cables for DATA I/O are required. More specifically, these cables must be double-shielded from end-to-end, ensuring a continuous ground shield.

  • Page 22: Limitations Of Warranty

    Preface SDM-9000 Satelite Modem Warranty Policy This Comtech EFData product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Comtech EFData will, at its option, repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

  • Page 23: Chapter 1. Introduction

    Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the options and provides an overview, description, and specifications for the SDM-9000 satellite modem, referred to in this manual as “the modem” (Figure 1-1). Figure 1-1. SDM-9000 Rev.4 1–1...

  • Page 24: Overview

    G.703 with ESC/64 kbit/s /RS Notes: 1. 75Ω, QPSK, and +5 dBm output are standard with the SDM-9000. 2. The standard Reed-Solomon is in accordance with IESS-308 (IDR). The modem operates with IF converter equipment operating within a 50 to 180 MHz band.

  • Page 25: Nyquist Filter Printed Circuit Boards

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction The modem provides high performance with: • Narrow occupied bandwidth • Automatic signal acquisition • High flexibility • Extensive online monitoring circuits The modem interfaces between Single Channel Per Carrier (SCPC) fixed-rate terminal equipment that operates within the following specifications: •...

  • Page 26: Description

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.1.2 Description The modem is a complete, self-contained unit in a standard 2 unit (2U) 19” rack-mountable enclosure weighing approximately 19 lbs. The unit is of modular construction consisting of five PCB assemblies: • Modulator •...

  • Page 27: Figure 1-3. Sdm-9000 Block Diagram

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction Figure 1-3. SDM-9000 Block Diagram Rev. 4 1–5...

  • Page 28: Options

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.1.3 Options 1.1.3.1 Reed-Solomon Codec The Reed-Solomon Codec works in conjunction with the Viterbi decoder, and includes additional framing, interleaving, and Codec. This option can be factory or user installed. Refer to the following table for modem compatibility requirements.

  • Page 29: Direct Broadcast Satellite

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction 1.1.3.3 Direct Broadcast Satellite As implemented in the SDM-9000, Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) mode supports data rates up to 44.736 Mbit/s using a single FEC channel. Single channel implementation differs significantly from the International Telecommunications Satellite Organisation (INTELSAT) specifications (for carriers greater than 10 Mbit/s) for communicating the data across three channels.

  • Page 30: Modem Assemblies

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.2 Modem Assemblies The following table reflects the possible configurations available for the SDM-9000: Interface Configuration Type Chassis P/N Demod. Type 70/140 MHz Duplex 3966-1 QPSK 70/140 MHz 3966-1 70/140 MHz 3966-1 8PSK/ 16QAM 70/140 MHz...
  • Page 31 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction The following table reflects the relationship of the interface card (MIL-STD-188) with Reed-Solomon: Reed- Reed Interface Card Solomon Solomon (MIL-STD-188) (IDR STD) (DVB STD) Condition Base 4477-13 Buffer 4477-23 Buffer with ESC 4477-33 Buffer with Reed Solomon...

  • Page 32: Modem Specifications

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.3 Modem Specifications Table 1-1 lists the operating specifications of the modem. Table 1-1. SDM-9000 Specifications General Specifications Operating Frequency Range 50 to 180 MHz, synthesized in 2.5 kHz steps • Modulation Types QPSK at 1/2, 3/4, and 7/8 rates •...
  • Page 33 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction Environmental Temperature Range 0 to 50°C Humidity 0 to 95%, noncondensing Additional Modulator Specifications Output Power -20 to +5 dBm, adjustable in 0.1 dB steps ± Accuracy 0.5 dB Output Spurious and Harmonics -55 dBc Ω...

  • Page 34: Ber Performance Specifications

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.4 BER Performance Specifications The bit energy-to-noise ratios (E ) required to achieve 10 to 10 Bit Error Rates (BERs) are listed in Tables 1-2 through 1-4. The BER performance curves are shown in the following figures:...

  • Page 35: Figure 1-4. Viterbi Ber Performance Curves (Qpsk)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction 1/2 RATE 3/4 RATE 7/8 RATE SPECIFICATIONS 10.0 11.0 (dB) Figure 1-4. Viterbi BER Performance Curves (QPSK) Rev. 4 1–13...

  • Page 36: Reed-Solomon Codec Ber (Qpsk)

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.4.2 Reed-Solomon Codec BER (QPSK) The Reed-Solomon specifications for the E required to achieve 10 to 10 BER for different configurations are shown in Table 1-3. All values are for QPSK mode operation. Refer to Figure 1-5 for the Reed-Solomon BER curves.

  • Page 37: Figure 1-5. Reed-Solomon Ber Performance Curves (Qpsk)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction 1/2 RATE 3/4 RATE 7/8 RATE SPECIFICATIONS 10.0 11.0 (dB) Figure 1-5. Reed-Solomon BER Performance Curves (QPSK) Rev. 4 1–15...

  • Page 38: 8Psk And 16Qam (Viterbi Decoder And Reed-Solomon Codec)

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 1.4.3 8PSK and 16QAM (Viterbi Decoder and Reed-Solomon Codec) The 8PSK and 16QAM specifications for the E required to achieve 10 to 10 with the Viterbi decoder and Reed-Solomon Codec are shown in Table 1-4. Refer to Figures 1-6 (8PSK) and 1-7 (16QAM) for the BER curves with the Reed-Solomon option.

  • Page 39: Figure 1-6. 8Psk Ber Performance Curves (With Reed-Solomon)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction 2/3 RATE 5/6 RATE (WITH R-S) (WITH R-S) SPECIFICATIONS 10.0 11.0 (dB) Figure 1-6. 8PSK BER Performance Curves (with Reed-Solomon) Rev. 4 1–17...

  • Page 40: Figure 1-7. 16Qam Ber Performance Curves (With Reed-Solomon)

    Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 3/4 RATE 7/8 RATE (WITH R-S) (WITH R-S) SPECIFICATIONS 10.0 11.0 12.0 (dB) Figure 1-7. 16QAM BER Performance Curves (with Reed-Solomon) 1–18 Rev. 4...

  • Page 41: Figure 1-8. Sdm-9000 Typical Spectral Occupancy

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Introduction A typical spectral occupancy curve is shown in Figure 1-8. Figure 1-8. SDM-9000 Typical Spectral Occupancy Rev. 4 1–19...
  • Page 42 Introduction SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. 1–20 Rev. 4...

  • Page 43: Chapter 2. Installation

    Chapter 2. INSTALLATION This chapter includes instructions for unpacking and installing the modem, a description of the external connections, and backward alarm information. This equipment contains parts and assemblies sensitive to damage by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). Use ESD precautionary procedures when touching, removing, or inserting PCBs.

  • Page 44: System Options

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.2 System Options The standard SDM-9000 with all PCB assemblies installed (Chapter 1) is a full-duplex QPSK satellite modem. The system can also be configured for TX-only or RX-only operation. 1. For a TX-only system, the demodulator PCB (AS/3970) should be removed.

  • Page 45: System Installation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.3 System Installation Install the modem as follows: 1. Mount the modem chassis in the assigned position of the equipment rack. It is recommended that the modem be supported by a rack-mounted shelf, or the two rear rack-mount brackets supplied with the unit.

  • Page 46: Figure 2-1. Sdm-9000 Dimensional Drawing

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Note: All dimensions are listed in inches. Figure 2-1. SDM-9000 Dimensional Drawing 2–4 Rev. 4...

  • Page 47: External Connectors

    When a B141-1 breakout panel is required, refer to the B141-1 Breakout Panel Installation and Operation Manual for connector information. Figure 2-2. SDM-9000 Rear Panel View Note: In order to meet the European EMC Directive (EN55022, EN50082-1), properly shielded cables for DATA I/O are required. These cables must be double-shielded from end to end, ensuring a continuous ground shield.

  • Page 48: Tx/If Output (Cp1)

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.1 TX/IF Output (CP1) The TX/IF output connection is a BNC connector used for the transmit IF signal. The Ω Ω output impedance is 75 optional). The output power level is +5 to -20 dBm. In normal operation, the output is a modulated carrier with center frequency between 50 and 180 MHz.

  • Page 49: Remote (J6)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.4.6 Remote (J6) The remote connector is used to interface the M&C functions to a remote location. This is a Data Circuit Terminating Equipment (DCE) interface that can be either RS-232-C or RS-485. Refer to Appendix B for remote control operation information.

  • Page 50: Fault (J7)

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.7 Fault (J7) The fault connector is used to provide Form C contact closures for fault reporting. The three Form C summary fault contacts are: • Transmit faults • Receive faults • Common equipment faults Refer to Chapter 4 for a discussion of faults monitored. To obtain a system summary...

  • Page 51: Data I/O (Esc) Interface (J8)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.4.8 DATA I/O (ESC) Interface (J8) The DATA I/O (ESC) connection is a 50-pin female D connector located on the rear panel of the modem. Screw locks are provided for mechanical security of the mating connector.

  • Page 52: Idr) Interface (J8) (Audio Mode)

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.8.1 G.703 (IDR) Interface (J8) (Audio Mode) Signal Function Name Pin # Ground 1, 2 8 kbit/s TX data input (RS-422) TXD–A TXD–B 8 kHz TX clock output (RS-422) TXC–A TXC–B 1 kHz TX octet input (RS-422) TXO–A...

  • Page 53: Idr) Interface (J8) (64 Kbit/S Mode)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.4.8.2 G.703 (IDR) Interface (J8) (64 kbit/s Mode) Signal Function Name Pin # Ground 1, 2 8 kbit/s TX data input (RS-422) TXD–A TXD–B 8 kHz TX clock output (RS-422) TXC–A TXC–B 1 kHz TX octet input (RS-422) TXO–A...

  • Page 54: Ecl Interface (J8)

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.8.3 ECL Interface (J8) Signal Function Name Pin # Ground 1, 2 Send data input TXD–A (ECL-) TXD–B (ECL+) Terrestrial timing input (TT) TXO–A (ECL-) TXO–B (ECL+) SYNC TX frame input (TX SYNC) SD–A (ECL-) SD–B (ECL+) Send timing output (ST) TXC–A (ECL-)

  • Page 55: Mil-Std-188 Interface (J8)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.4.8.4 MIL-STD-188 Interface (J8) Signal Function Name Pin # Ground 1, 2 Send data input TXD–A TXD–B Terrestrial timing input (TT) TXO–A TXO–B Request to send input (RTS) SD–A SD–B Send timing output (ST) TXC–A TXC–B Receive data output (RD) RXD–A...

  • Page 56: Aux 1 (J9)

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.9 AUX 1 (J9) The Auxiliary 1 (AUX 1) connector provides: • TTL faults • External high stability reference • AGC output voltage The faults are open collector levels to indicate a modulator or demodulator failure. A logic 1 indicates the faulted condition.

  • Page 57: Alarms (J10)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Installation 2.4.10 Alarms (J10) The alarms connector is used to provide three Form C contact closures for alarm reporting, as follows: • Alarm 1 = Not used • Alarm 2 = TX • Alarm 3 = RX The two Form C summary fault contacts currently used are: •...

  • Page 58: Ac Power

    Installation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 2.4.11 AC Power The AC power is supplied to the modem by a standard detachable, non-locking, 3-prong power cord (IEC plug). Normal input voltage is 90 to 264 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz. The power supply will automatically switch between ranges. Maximum power consumption is less than 200W.

  • Page 59: Chapter 3. Configuration

    Chapter 3. CONFIGURATION This chapter describes the hardware and software configuration of the modem. Note: All jumper settings are described in their appropriate tables. 3.1 Display/M&C The Display/M&C PCB (AS/2305) is located on the front panel of the modem. Figure 3-1 shows the Display/M&C card and the jumper locations. The jumper settings are listed in Table 3-1.

  • Page 60: Figure 3-1. Display/M&C Pcb

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem ASSEMBLY NUMBER AND SERIAL NUMBER JP10 Figure 3-1. Display/M&C PCB Table 3-1. Display/M&C PCB Jumper Settings Jumper Position Function 1 to 2 RS-485 Remote 3 to 4 RS-485 Remote 5 to 6 RS-232-C Remote 7 to 8...

  • Page 61: Modulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.2 Modulator The modulator PCB (AS/3969) is located in the top slot of the modem chassis. The jumper settings are listed in Table 3-2. Figure 3-2 shows the modulator card and the jumper locations. Table 3-2. Modulator PCB Jumper Settings...

  • Page 62: Demodulator

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 3.3 Demodulator The demodulator PCB (AS/3970) is located in the bottom slot of the modem chassis. The jumper settings are listed in Table 3-3. Figure 3-3 shows the demodulator card and the location of jumper JP5.

  • Page 63: Interface

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.4 Interface The interface PCB (AS/3971, AS/4477, or AS/5618) is located in the middle slot of the modem chassis. The three interface configurations are: AS/3971 G.703 AS/4477 ECL/MIL-STD-188-144 AS/5618-3 G.703 with 64 kbit/s ESC Note: The AS/5618-3 G.703 interface assembly supports one 64 kbit/s data channel or two 32 kbit/s audio channels (per IESS-308, Rev.

  • Page 64: Figure 3-4. Interface Pcb (As/3971)

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Figure 3-4. Interface PCB (AS/3971) 3–6 Rev. 4...

  • Page 65: Figure 3-5. Interface Pcb (As/4477)

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration Figure 3-5. Interface PCB (AS/4477) Rev.4 3–7...

  • Page 66: Figure 3-6. Interface Pcb (As/5618)

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Figure 3-6. Interface PCB (AS/5618) 3–8 Rev. 4...

  • Page 67: Nyquist Filter Configuration

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.5 Nyquist Filter Configuration The Nyquist filter (AS/4124) is a 4.5” x 5.0” daughter card that is located on the modulator and demodulator PCBs. The filters are capable of supporting four data/code rate and modulation type combinations per card. There is one TX card and one RX card:...

  • Page 68: Compatibility

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 3.5.1 Compatibility For proper modem operation, the installed interface, modulator, and demodulator must be compatible with the installed filters. Refer to the following table for baseband interface data rates. Interface Type Data Rates G.703 8.448 Mbit/s 32.064 Mbit/s...

  • Page 69: Tools Required

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.5.2.2 Tools Required The following tool is required to accomplish the task of this section: Tool Description Driver, Nut 1/4-inch 3.5.2.3 Installation Procedure Note: The Nyquist filter PCB is field-replaceable to enable the user to install optional data rates.

  • Page 70: Figure 3-7. Nyquist Filter Installation

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Figure 3-7. Nyquist Filter Installation 3–12 Rev. 4...

  • Page 71: Nyquist Filter Replacement

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.5.2.3.2 Nyquist Filter Replacement 1. Replace the TX filter (AS/4124-1) or RX filter (AS/4124-2) as follows: a. Remove the TX/RX filter card (AS/4124) in accordance with Section 3.5.2.3.1. b. Carefully install the TX/RX filter card on the three 10-pin connectors.

  • Page 72: Software Configuration

    Utility Modem Type menu (refer to Chapter 4). The user can emulate Version 1.1.1 through the current version by selecting a functional number at the Rev. Emulation menu (refer to Table 3-5). Table 3-5. SDM-9000 Revision Emulation Functional # Software...

  • Page 73: Remote Interface Specification

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Configuration 3.6.2 Remote Interface Specification Refer to Appendix B for remote control operation information. 3.6.2.1 Remote Baud Rate The remote communications baud rate and parity are programmed by the front panel control in the Utility System menu (refer to Chapter 4). The programmed baud rate and parity are maintained indefinitely by use of the EEPROM on the M&C module.

  • Page 74: Modem Defaults

    Configuration SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 3.6.3 Modem Defaults With certain exceptions, the M&C default settings are loaded into the modem after a hard reset (refer to Chapter 4). The defaults are listed in Table 3-6. In the case of the exceptions, the settings last saved are retained. Exceptions include the following: •...

  • Page 75: Chapter 4. Operation

    This chapter includes operational information for the front panel and the menu system. 4.1 Front Panel The modem front panel (Figure 4-1) enables the user to control modem configuration parameters and display the modem status. Figure 4-1. SDM-9000 Front Panel View The major front panel features are: • 32-character, 2-line LCD display •...

  • Page 76: Led Indicators

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem All functions are accessible at the front panel by entering one of five pre-defined Function Select categories or levels: • Configuration • Monitor • Faults/Alarms • Stored Faults/Alarms • Utility 4.1.1 LED Indicators General modem summary fault information, status, and alarms are indicated by the 10 LEDs on the front panel.

  • Page 77: Front Panel Controls

    • Line 1 of the sign-on message is the modem model number (SDM-9000). • Line 2 is the version number of the firmware implemented in the modem.

  • Page 78: Menu System

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2 Menu System SDM-9000 "TYPE" VER: 6.1.1 FUNCTION SELECT FUNCTION SELECT FUNCTION SELECT FUNCTION SELECT FUNCTION SELECT STORED CONFIGURATION MONITOR FAULTS/ALARMS UTILITY FAULTS/ALARMS STORED CONFIGURATION MONITOR FAULTS/ALARMS UTILITY FAULTS/ALARMS MODULATOR RAW BER MODULATOR MODULATOR MODULATOR (Figure 4-3)

  • Page 79: Configuration

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.1 Configuration Refer to the menu trees (Figures 4-3 through 4-7) for configuration changes. Modem configuration may be viewed or changed by entering the Configuration level from the ← Function Select menu on the front panel. Once in the Configuration menu, press [ ] or →...

  • Page 80: Figure 4-3. Configuration Modulator Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT CONFIGURATION VER: 6.1.1 CONFIGURATION MODULATOR TX-X CODE_RATE TX-IF FREQUENCY TX-IF OUTPUT TX POWER LEVEL +5 to -20 dBm (no offset) x = FILTER A, B, C, or D 70.000 MHz See table below for code rate...

  • Page 81: Configuration Modulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.1.1 Configuration Modulator TX-X CODE_RATE TX Rate Selection. Under the Utility menu, select one of four (A, B, C, or D) pre-defined TX code/data rate combinations. On entry, the current TX rate is displayed on line 1. The data rate is displayed on line 2.
  • Page 82 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem CARRIER MODE Programs the modem for continuous wave mode. Four modes (Test Mode Configuration of operation are available: Option) • Normal (OFF) • Center • Offset • Dual Normal (OFF) Mode: The Carrier mode is normally in the OFF position. To execute any of the Carrier continuous wave modes, the user must enter the Carrier mode and select the test mode of choice.
  • Page 83 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation This page is intentionally left blank. Rev. 4 4–9...

  • Page 84: Figure 4-4. Configuration Demodulator Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT CONFIGURATION VER: 6.1.1 CONFIGURATION DEMODULATOR RX-X CODE_RATE RX-IF FREQUENCY DIFF. DECODER RF LOOP BACK x = FILTER A, B, C, or D 70.000 MHz See table below for code rate 50 to 180 MHz (TEST MODE CONFIGURATION and data rate range.

  • Page 85: Configuration Demodulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.1.2 Configuration Demodulator RX X CODE_RATE RX rate selection. Select one of four (A, B, C, or D) pre-defined RX decoder/data rate combinations. On entry, the current RX rate is displayed on line 1. The data rate is displayed on line 2.
  • Page 86 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem BER THRESHOLD This function is used to set the BER threshold. If the BER threshold set is exceeded, an RX fault will be indicated by the modem status indicators. BER threshold may be set from 1.0 to 1.0...
  • Page 87 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation This page is intentionally left blank. Rev. 4 4–13...

  • Page 88: Figure 4-5. Configuration Interface Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT CONFIGURATION VER: 6.1.1 CONFIGURATION INTERFACE TX CLOCK PHASE EXT-REF FREQ BUFFER CLOCK BUFFER SIZE NORMAL 1544.000 to 51840.000 kHz RX (SATELLITE) 2 to 32 ms (steps of 2 ms) INVERT Steps of 8 kHz or at data...

  • Page 89: Configuration Interface

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.1.3 Configuration Interface TX CLOCK PHASE Programs the TX clock phase to: • Normal • Invert On entry, the current setting for the TX clock phase is displayed. Press [↑] or [↓] to select Normal or Invert. Press [ENTER] to execute the change.
  • Page 90 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem BUFFER SIZE This configuration function is used to set the size of the buffer. On entry, the current buffer length is displayed. Press [↑] or [↓] to select the desired buffer size. The buffer size will be displayed in ms.
  • Page 91 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation TX CODING FORMAT Programs the TX for the following coding of the baseband data: • AMI • B3ZS • HDB3 On entry, the current coding format is displayed. Press [←] or [→] to select the desired coding format. Press [ENTER] to execute the change.
  • Page 92 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem RX DATA FAULT RX data fault. This configuration function is used to select an RX interface fault monitor of: • NONE • AIS • DATA The data monitored for RX data is coming from the satellite. Refer to TX data fault for a description of the function choices.

  • Page 93: Configuration Save

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT CONFIGURATION VER: 6.1.1 CONFIGURATION SAVE CONFIGURATION #X Key: ACCESS TO CONDITIONAL OR Parameter Information SUBMENU OPTION-DEPENDENT x = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 Figure 4-6. Configuration Save Menu 4.2.1.4 Configuration Save This feature allows the user to program configuration parameters into memory on the M&C.

  • Page 94: Configuration Recall

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT CONFIGURATION VER: 6.1.1 CONFIGURATION RECALL CONFIGURATION #X Key: ACCESS TO CONDITIONAL OR Parameter Information SUBMENU OPTION-DEPENDENT x = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 Figure 4-7. Configuration Recall Menu 4.2.1.5 Configuration Recall Once a configuration setup has been saved, it may be recalled by entering Configuration ←...

  • Page 95: Figure 4-8. Monitor Menu

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT VER: 6.1.1 MONITOR RAW BER CORRECTED BER RECEIVE SIGNAL EB/N0 2.4 E-3 4.0 E-3 -45 dBm CURRENT RECEIVE CURRENT RAW BER CURRENT CORRECTED BER CURRENT Eb/N0 LEVEL Low limit: based on performance.

  • Page 96: Monitor

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2.2 Monitor ← → When the Monitor level is entered, press [ ] or [ ] to select the desired monitor function. Each monitor function is displayed in real time as long as it is selected.

  • Page 97: Figure 4-9. Faults/Alarm Menu

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT VER: 6.1.1 FAULTS/ALARMS MODULATOR DEMODULATOR TX INTERFACE RX INTERFACE BUFFER UNDERFLOW CARRIER DETECT IF SYNTHESIZER TX DATA/AIS BUFFER OVERFLOW IF SYNTHESIZER DATA CLOCK ACT TX CLK PLL RX DATA/AIS RX CLOCK SYN...

  • Page 98: Faults/Alarms

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2.3 Faults/Alarms The Faults/Alarms level is accessible from the Function Select menu. Faults/Alarms are similar to Monitor functions, as they display the current fault status of the group being ← → displayed. Press [ ] or [ ] to move between the following Fault/Alarm groups: •...

  • Page 99: Modulator Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.3.1 Modulator Faults IF SYNTHESIZER Modulator IF synthesizer fault. DATA CLOCK ACT TX data clock activity alarm. Indicates that data clock activity was not detected. DATA CLOCK SYN TX clock synthesizer fault. Indicates the internal VCO has not locked to the incoming data clock.

  • Page 100: Demodulator Faults

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2.3.2 Demodulator Faults CARRIER DETECT Carrier detect fault. Indicates the decoder is not locked. IF SYNTHESIZER Demodulator IF synthesizer fault. Indicates the IF synthesizer is not locked. RX CLOCK SYN RX data clock synthesizer fault. Indicates a loss of lock on the reference of the demodulator clock recovery oscillator.

  • Page 101: Tx Interface Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.3.3 TX Interface Faults TX DATA/AIS Data or AIS. When data fault is selected in the Configuration Interface menu, the fault indicates a data-stable condition. This indicates the data is all 1s or all 0s (i.e., the data is not transitioning).

  • Page 102: Rx Interface Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.3.4 RX Interface Faults BUFFER UNDERFLOW Buffer underflow alarm. Indicates that a buffer underflow has occurred. BUFFER OVERFLOW Buffer overflow alarm. Indicates that a buffer overflow has occurred. RX DATA/AIS Data or AIS. When data fault is selected in the Configuration Interface menu, the fault indicates a data-stable condition.

  • Page 103: Common Equipment Faults

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2.3.5 Common Equipment Faults BATTERY/CLOCK Battery or clock fault -12V SUPPLY -12V power supply fault +12V SUPPLY +12V power supply fault +5V SUPPLY +5V power supply fault -5V SUPPLY -5V power supply fault CONTROLLER Controller fault: typically indicates the controller has gone through a...
  • Page 104 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation This page is intentionally left blank. Rev.4 4–31...

  • Page 105: Figure 4-10. Stored Faults/Alarms Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem FUNCTION SELECT SDM-9000 "TYPE" STORED VER: 6.1.1 FLTS/ALMS MODULATOR X DEMODULATOR X TX INTERFACE X RX INTERFACE X HH:MM:SS/MM-DD-YY HH:MM:SS/MM-DD-YY HH:MM:SS/MM-DD-YY HH:MM:SS/MM-DD-YY (FAULT LABEL) (FAULT LABEL) (FAULT LABEL) (FAULT LABEL) CARRIER DETECT BUFFER UNDERFLOW IF SYNTHESIZER...

  • Page 106: Stored Faults/Alarms

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.4 Stored Faults/Alarms The modem stores the first 10 (Flt0 through Flt9) occurrences of fault status changes in each of the following major fault categories: • Modulator • Demodulator • TX Interface • RX Interface •...
  • Page 107 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. 4–34 Rev. 4...

  • Page 108: Utility

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.5 Utility The Function Select Utility menu is divided into the following five categories: • Modulator • Demodulator • Interface • System • Factory Setup Refer to Figures 4-11 through 4-16 for different menu categories. The menu information includes: •...

  • Page 109: Figure 4-11. Utility Modulator Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT UTILITY VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY MODULATOR ASSIGN TRANSMIT MOD POWER MOD SPECTRUM MOD OPTION FILTERS OFFSET -40.0 to +40.0 dB (USER) STATUS ONLY STATUS ONLY NORMAL POWER OFFSET 8PSK and 16QAM See table below for code rate INVERT HIGH STABILITY .

  • Page 110: Utility Modulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.5.1 Utility Modulator ASSIGN TX FILTERS TX filter display utility. Used to view filter rate assignments. The modulator has up to four symbol rate filters. Filters are designated as A, B, C, and D. To view the assignments, press [ENTER]. TXA appears on line 1 of the display, which indicates TX filter A.

  • Page 111: Figure 4-12. Utility Demodulator Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT UTILITY VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY DEMODULATOR ASSIGN RECEIVE DEMOD SPECTRUM DEMOD OPTION RX MODULE FW FILTERS STATUS ONLY See table below for code rate XXX.YYY.ZZZ STATUS ONLY NORMAL and data rate range. 8PSK and 16QAM INVERT XXX.YYY.ZZZ = Firmware...

  • Page 112: Utility Demodulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.5.2 Utility Demodulator ASSIGN RX FILTERS RX filter display utility. Used to view filter rate assignments. The modulator has up to four symbol rate filters. Filters are designated as A, B, C, and D. To view the assignments, press [ENTER]. RXA will be on line 1 of the display, which indicates TX filter A.

  • Page 113: Figure 4-13. Utility Interface Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem UTILITY SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT INTERFACE VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY INTERFACE TX OVERHEAD TYPE RX OVERHEAD TYPE TERRESTRIAL INTF BUILD TYPE: x NONE STATUS ONLY NONE Displays the interface module G.703 type (1, 2, or 3). This menu is...

  • Page 114: Figure 4-13. Utility Interface Menu Continued

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation IDR BACKWARD INTERFACE MODULE FRAMING STRUCTURE INTERFACE FPGA FW ALARM CONTROL BW Alarm RX #x 6312 Framing Structure: NONE FW/NNNNNN-DDR = Firmware FW/NNNNNN-DDR = Firmware G.704 number number BW Alarm TX #x G.743 MM/DD/YY = Month/Day/Year MM/DD/YY = Month/Day/Year G.747...

  • Page 115: Utility Interface

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.2.5.3 Utility Interface TX OVERHEAD TYPE Select IDR or None for TX overhead type. Note: The ESC option must be installed. RX OVERHEAD TYPE Select IDR or None for RX overhead type. Note: The ESC option must be installed.
  • Page 116 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation RX DATA PHASE Allows the user to invert RX data going to the terrestrial network. ← → On entry, press [ ] or [ ] to select Normal or Inverted. Press [ENTER] to execute the change.

  • Page 117: Figure 4-14. Utility System Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT UTILITY VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY SYSTEM TIME: HH:MM:SS AM/PM REMOTE BAUD RATE REMOTE ADDRESS OPERATION MODE DATE: MM/DD/YY PARITY 1 to 255 DUPLEX Current time and date. 1200 0 is reserved for global...

  • Page 118: Utility System

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.5.4 Utility System TIME/DATE Displays current time and date. To set the modem time and/or date, press [ENTER]. ← → Press [ ] or [ ] to position the flashing cursor over the ↑ ↓ parameter to be changed. Press [...
  • Page 119 Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem TEST MODE STATUS Test mode status indicator. The following modem test points are listed in this window and will display a “+” when a test mode is active: • RF Output • Reed-Solomon • RX 2047 Pattern •...
  • Page 120 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation EXT AGC: MAX PWR Sets the AGC voltage for an RX signal level of -25 dBm. The voltage range is 0.0 to 10.0V, in 0.5V steps. On entry, the current external AGC voltage level is ↑...

  • Page 121: Figure 4-15. Utility Modem Type Menu

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT UTILITY VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY MODEM TYPE MODEM TYPE REV EMULATION INTELSAT CURRENT_VERSION N5500 COMPATIBLE FUNCTIONAL X Where X = 1 Key: ACCESS TO CONDITIONAL OR Parameter Information SUBMENU OPTION-DEPENDENT Figure 4-15. Utility Modem Type Menu 4–48...

  • Page 122: Utility Modem Type

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.2.5.5 Utility Modem Type MODEM TYPE Programs the modem to operate as one of the following types: • INTELSAT • DBS • N5500 compatible ← On entry, the flashing cursor is displayed. Press [ ] or →...

  • Page 123: Utility Factory Setup

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem SDM-9000 "TYPE" FUNCTION SELECT UTILITY VER: 6.1.1 UTILITY FACTORY SET_UP TX COURSE POWER TABLE ADJUST TX FINE POWER TABLE ADJUST TX FIXED POWER OFFSET RX SIGNAL LEVEL CALIBRATION MOD FLTS ENABLE DEMOD FLTS ENABLE TX INT FLTS ENABLE...

  • Page 124: Figure 4-17. Rf Loopback

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation Figure 4-17. RF Loopback Figure 4-18. IF Loopback Rev.4 4–51...

  • Page 125: Figure 4-19. Baseband Loopback

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem BASEBAND LOOPBACK MODULATOR TX DATA/CLOCK TX DATA TX IF OUT RELAYS DATA MODULATOR MODULE INTERFACE TERRESTRIAL MODULE DATA/CLOCK DEMODULATOR DATA RX DATA RX IF IN DEMODULATOR MODULE RX DATA/CLOCK Baseband loopback provides loopback at the terrestrial interface. The near end equipment loops back through the baseband loopback relays.

  • Page 126: Clocking Options

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation 4.3 Clocking Options Clocking of data between the terrestrial network and the satellite network depends on the application. Sections 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 define the G.703 and ECL/MIL-STD-188 clocking configurations. 4.3.1 G.703 Interface Clocking Refer to Figure 4-21 for the clocking diagram.

  • Page 127: Ecl/Mil-Std-188 Interface Clocking

    Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 4.3.2 ECL/MIL-STD-188 Interface Clocking Refer to Figure 4-22 for the clocking diagram. 4.3.2.1 TX Timing The TX timing for the ECL/MIL-STD-188 interface is always provided with the send data supplied by the terrestrial network. The TX clock provided by the terrestrial network is used as the reference to send information over the satellite network.

  • Page 128: Figure 4-21. G.703 Interface Clocking Diagram

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Operation Figure 4-21. G.703 Interface Clocking Diagram Figure 4-22. ECL/MIL-STD-188 Interface Clocking Diagram Rev.4 4–55...

  • Page 129: Chapter 5. Theory Of Operation

    Chapter 5. THEORY OF OPERATION This chapter includes theory of operation for the various PCBs in the modem. 5.1 Display/M&C 5.1.1 Description The display/Monitor & Control (M&C) PCB is located on the front panel. The M&C monitors the modem and provides configuration updates to other modules within the modem when necessary.

  • Page 130: Theory Of Operation

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem RS-232-C RS-485 Figure 5-1. Display/M&C Block Diagram 5.1.2 Theory of Operation The M&C card is composed of the following subsections: • Microcontroller • Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) • Read Only Memory (ROM) • Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) •...
  • Page 131 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation The heart of the M&C card is the Intel 80C32 (or a compatible microcontroller) operating at 16 MHz. This microcontroller contains 256 kbytes of internal RAM. At U17, a ROM can be: • 27C010 (128 kbytes) •...

  • Page 132: Modulator

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.2 Modulator 5.2.1 Description The modulator PCB fits in the top slot of the modem chassis. The card provides a modulated carrier of 50 to 180 MHz from the interface PCB digital data stream. The types of modulation performed on the transmitted baseband data are: •...

  • Page 133: Figure 5-3. Modulator Rf Section Block Diagram

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation Figure 5-3. Modulator RF Section Block Diagram Rev.4 5–5...

  • Page 134: Specifications

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.2.2 Specifications • Modulation Types QPSK • 8PSK (optional) • 16QAM (optional) Data Rate Range 6.0 to 52.0 Mbit/s (Four data rate plug-on module) Symbol Rate Range 1.7 to 37.6 Ms/s Frequency Range 50 to 180 MHz...

  • Page 135: Theory Of Operation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.2.3 Theory of Operation The modulator PCB is composed of eight basic subsections. The first five subsections comprise the baseband processing circuits, and the last three form the RF circuits. Baseband Section Slave processor...
  • Page 136 Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem The puncture patterns for the 3/4 and 7/8 rate encoders are as follows: Puncture Pattern Code Rate 1000101 1111010 Notes: 1. 1 = code bits to be transmitted 2. 0 = deleted code bits When using 5/6 rate 8PSK operation, 3/4 rate puncturing is used for every five input bits to the encoder.

  • Page 137: Theory Of Modulation Types

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.2.4 Theory of Modulation Types 5.2.4.1 Description The modulation types for the modem include: • QPSK • 8PSK (optional) • 16QAM (optional) The PSK data transmission encoding method uses the phase modulation technique. This method varies the phase angle of the carrier wave to represent a different bit value for the receiver.

  • Page 138: 8Psk Encoding/Modulation

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.2.4.3 8PSK Encoding/Modulation The modulator converts the transmit baseband data into a modulated 8PSK carrier by trellis encoding at 2/3 or 5/6 rate. The 2/3 rate encoder generates 3 symbols for every 2 bits input, while the 5/6 rate encoder generates 6 symbols for every 5 bits input. Using vector analysis of the constellation pattern generated by the modulator, 8 discrete phase angles (0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°) represent 8 possible combinations...

  • Page 139: Demodulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.3 Demodulator 5.3.1 Description The demodulator PCB fits in the bottom slot of the modem chassis. The demodulator converts PSK and QAM modulated carriers within the 50 to 180 MHz range to a demodulated baseband data stream. The demodulator then performs FEC on the data stream, using the Viterbi decoding algorithm.

  • Page 140: Figure 5-4. Demodulator Block Diagram

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem From RF Demod OUT OF SYNC Viterbi Interface I Channel 8-PSK Parallel Decoder Offset to Serial, Commutator, Σ Control DATA Soft I and Q 3 x 3 Barrel Decision Viterbi Nyquist Filter Rate Shifter,...

  • Page 141: Theory Of Operation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.3.3 Theory of Operation The demodulator functions as an advanced digital coherent phase-lock receiver and Viterbi decoder. The demodulator is intended to operate at data rates greater than 10 Mbit/s, and complies with the IESS-308 specifications for IDR carriers greater than 10 Mbit/s.
  • Page 142 Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem The digital data is then sent to four separate circuits: • AGC/AOC • Carrier recovery (Costas) loop • Clock recovery loop • Soft decision mapping The AGC/AOC provides a gain feedback signal to the RF module, and an offset feedback signal to the offset amplifiers just prior to the Nyquist filters.
  • Page 143 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation The DDS performs the function of a VCO in an analog implementation, but can be easily programmed to the desired center frequency via the local M&C. Another PLL is used to generate the 1/3 data clock frequency (decoder clock) from the symbol clock. The decoder clock PLL uses outputs of the rate exchange circuit to maintain the proper phase relationship.

  • Page 144: Viterbi Decoder

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.4 Viterbi Decoder 5.4.1 Description The modem Viterbi decoder circuitry is located on the demodulator PCB (bottom slot of the modem chassis) and operates in conjunction with the convolutional encoder at the transmit modem. The decoder uses a decoding algorithm to provide FEC on the received data stream for errors occurring in the transmission channel.

  • Page 145: Theory Of Operation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.4.3 Theory of Operation The Viterbi decoder processes 3-bit quantized R0 and R1 parallel code bits or symbols from the demodulator. The quantization is 3-bit soft decision in offset binary format. This data is a representation of the data transmitted, corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise.

  • Page 146: Interface

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.5 Interface 5.5.1 Description The interface PCB fits in the middle slot of the modem chassis. The interface PCB provides synchronous data interfacing for terrestrial data and overhead signals and a means for modem fault reporting. The terrestrial interface functions include: •...

  • Page 147: Digital Interface Specifications

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.5.2 Digital Interface Specifications Main Channel Physical Interfaces G.703 ECL/PECL MIL-STD-188 Scrambling/Descrambling IDR, per IESS-308 V.35, per CCITT V.35 EFD (SDM-450 compatible) None Buffer (Optional) Plesiochronous Buffer Size 2 to 32 ms, in 2 ms steps...

  • Page 148: G.703

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.5.2.1 G.703 G.703 Data Rate 8.448 Mbit/s 32.064 Mbit/s 34.368 Mbit/s 44.736 Mbit/s 51.840 Mbit/s External Clock Range 1.544 to 20.0 MHz, in 8 kHz steps, or at the receive data rate External Clock Input 0.5 to 5.0V P-P...

  • Page 149: Theory Of Operation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.5.3 Theory of Operation The Interface PCB consists of the following basic subsections: • TX terrestrial receivers (data and clock) • RX terrestrial drivers (data and clock) • TX overhead MUX (ESC optional) •...

  • Page 150: Figure 5-6. Interface Block Diagram

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Figure 5-6. Interface Block Diagram 5–22 Rev. 4...

  • Page 151: Transmit Data Path

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.5.3.1 Transmit Data Path Terrestrial data is passed through the baseband loopback relay, and is translated from the selected baseband format into TTL. If the terrestrial data is in G.703 format, the data rate clock is recovered from the data and line coding (B3ZS, etc.) is removed.

  • Page 152: Receive Data Path

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.5.3.2 Receive Data Path Data from the demodulator is routed directly to an installed and enabled Reed-Solomon Codec and decoded data is returned. The returned data is descrambled by the Reed-Solomon onboard descrambler (if enabled).
  • Page 153 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation The buffer clock source selection must fall within the following parameters: G.703 Interface TX Terrestrial No restrictions. RX Satellite No restrictions. External Clock Must be in the range from 1.544 to 20 MHz, in 8 kHz steps, or at the RX terrestrial data rate.

  • Page 154: Loopbacks

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.5.3.3 Loopbacks 5.5.3.3.1 Baseband Loopback Baseband loopback provides loopback at the terrestrial interface. The near end equipment loops back through the baseband loopback relays. The far end equipment loops through the demodulator, interface, and modulator. Refer to Figure 5-7 for a block diagram.

  • Page 155: Interface Loopback

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation 5.5.3.3.2 Interface Loopback Interface loopback provides loopback at the interface between the interface module and the modulator/demodulator. The near end equipment loops through the interface module and the far end equipment loops through the modulator/demodulator. Refer to Figure 5-8 for a block diagram.

  • Page 156: Backward Alarm Theory And Connections

    Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 5.6 Backward Alarm Theory and Connections Four sets of transmit and receive backward alarms are available to implement the structure defined in IESS-308. Backward alarms are sent to the distant side of an IDR link to signal that trouble has occurred at the receive side (which may have resulted from an improper transmission).
  • Page 157 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Theory of Operation More complicated systems may be handled by connecting the appropriate outputs of the receive fault relay to the appropriate backward alarm inputs. In a multidestination system, the relay might only be connected to the particular backward alarm assigned to that link.
  • Page 158 Theory of Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. 5–30 Rev. 4...

  • Page 159: Chapter 6. Maintenance

    Chapter 6. MAINTENANCE This chapter provides system checkout and troubleshooting information. 6.1 System Checkout This section provides instructions for checking the modem setup within the earth station. Due to the complexity of the modem circuitry, this checkout procedure should be used as a basic guideline only.

  • Page 160: Figure 6-1. Fault Isolation Test Setup

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem NOISE TX IF MODEM GENERATOR UNDER RX IF TEST VAR ATTEN DATA CONNECTORS VAR ATTEN SPECTRUM ANALYZER TEST SET Figure 6-1. Fault Isolation Test Setup 1. Ensure the interface is configured for the proper mode of operation. Refer to Chapter 3 for configuration jumper settings.

  • Page 161: Modulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.1.2 Modulator Use the following procedure and the test setup shown in Figure 6-1 to check out the modulator PCB. Refer to Chapter 5 for the modulator specifications. Section 6.1.4.2 lists the modulator test points and signal names. Figure 6-6 shows the test point locations.

  • Page 162: Figure 6-2. Typical Output Spectrum (With Noise)

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Figure 6-2. Typical Output Spectrum (with Noise) Figure 6-3. Typical Output Spectrum (without Noise) 6–4 Rev. 4...
  • Page 163 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance Table 6-1. Conversion to S/N and E Chart (QPSK) (dB) Code Rate 1/2 Code Rate 3/4 Code Rate 7/8 (S+N)/N -0.6 10.0 10.5 10.1 10.1 10.1 10.1 11.0 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6 11.5 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.2...
  • Page 164 Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Table 6-2. Conversion to S/N and E Chart (8PSK) (dB) Code Rate 2/3 Code Rate 5/6 (S+N)/N -1.2 -2.2 -0.4 -1.4 -0.6 10.0 10.5 10.1 10.1 11.0 10.6 10.6 11.5 11.2 11.2 12.0 11.7 11.7 12.5 12.2...
  • Page 165 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance Table 6-3. Conversion to S/N and E Chart (16QAM) (dB) Code Rate 3/4 Code Rate 7/8 (S+N)/N -3.0 -3.6 -2.2 -2.8 -1.4 -2.1 -0.7 -1.4 -0.0 -0.7 -0.0 10.0 10.5 10.1 10.1 11.0 10.6 10.6 11.5 11.2...

  • Page 166: Demodulator

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.1.3 Demodulator Use the following procedure and the test setup in Figure 6-1 to check out the demodulator PCB. Refer to Chapter 5 for the demodulator specifications. Section 6.1.4.3 lists the demodulator test points and signal names. Figure 6-7 shows the test point locations.

  • Page 167: Figure 6-4. Typical Eye Constellations

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance WITH NOISE WITHOUT NOISE Figure 6-4. Typical Eye Constellations Rev. 4 6–9...

  • Page 168: Test Points

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.1.4 Test Points This section lists the interface, modulator, and demodulator PCB test points that can be accessed from the front panel. The list includes a signal description under normal operating conditions. 6.1.4.1 Interface PCB Refer to Figure 6-5 for G.703, ECL, and MIL-STD-188 test point locations.

  • Page 169: Modulator Pcb

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.1.4.2 Modulator PCB Refer to Figure 6-6 for test point locations. Test Points Signal Name SYMBOL CLK Symbol Clock BIT CLK Data Clock/3 Ground test point Figure 6-6. Modulator PCB Test Points Rev. 4 6–11...

  • Page 170: Demodulator Pcb

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.1.4.3 Demodulator PCB Refer to Figure 6-7 for test point locations. Test Points Signal Name AGND. Analog Ground. I EYE. I channel monitor. See Q EYE test point. DGND. Ground test point. Q EYE. Q channel monitor. The I and Q test points are digital representations of the received filtered signal.

  • Page 171: Fault Isolation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.2 Fault Isolation 6.2.1 Guidelines The modem has been designed so that a competent technician can repair a faulty modem on location. All active circuits, except the power supply, can be removed from the modem through the front panel without requiring special tools. The power supply can be removed through the top cover with standard tools.

  • Page 172: System Faults/Alarms

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.2.2 System Faults/Alarms System faults are reported in the Faults/Alarms menu and stored faults are reported in the Stored Flts/Alms menu (Chapter 4). Refer to the fault tree (Table 6-4) and the list of possible problems in order to determine the appropriate action for repairing the modem (Section 6.2.1).

  • Page 173: Table 6-4. Sdm-9000 Modem Fault Tree

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance Table 6-4. SDM-9000 Modem Fault Tree MODULATOR FAULTS IF SYNTHESIZER DATA CLOCK ACT DATA CLOCK SYN I CHANNEL Q CHANNEL INTERNAL SCT SYN EXT REF ACT MODULE PROGRAMMING CONFIGURATION DEMODULATOR FAULTS CARRIER DETECT IF SYNTHESIZER RX CLOCK SYN...
  • Page 174 Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Table 6-4. SDM-9000 Modem Fault Tree (Continued) TX INTERFACE FAULTS TX DATA/AIS TX CLK PLL TX CLK ACTIVITY PROGRAMMING CONFIGURATION RX INTERFACE FAULTS BUFFER UNDERFLOW BUFFER OVERFLOW RX DATA/AIS FRAME BER BUFFER CLK PLL BUFFER CLK ACT...
  • Page 175 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance Table 6-4. SDM-9000 Modem Fault Tree (Continued) COMMON EQUIPMENT FAULTS BATTERY/CLOCK -12V POWER SUPPLY +12V POWER SUPPLY +5V SUPPLY -5V SUPPLY CONTROLLER INTERFACE MODULE BACKWARD ALARMS (IDR ONLY) BW ALARM RX #4 BW ALARM RX #3...

  • Page 176: Fault/Alarm Display And Description

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.2.2.1 Fault/Alarm Display and Description This section consists of general fault, status, and alarm information that is indicated by the 10 LEDs on the front panel. The LEDs indicate the following information is in the on condition.

  • Page 177: Fault/Alarm Analysis

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.2.2.2 Fault/Alarm Analysis 6.2.2.2.1 Modulator Faults Fault/Alarm Possible Problem and Action IF SYNTHESIZER Modulator IF synthesizer is faulted. This is considered a major fault and will turn off the modulator output. Return the modulator module for repair.

  • Page 178: Demodulator Faults

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem MODULE Modulator module fault. Typically indicates that the modulator module is missing or will not program. Ensure the modulator card is present and is properly seated. If the modulator card is properly seated, this could indicate a problem in the M&C card, or in the interface between the modulator and the M&C card.
  • Page 179 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance BER THRESHOLD The preset BER threshold has been exceeded. Setting of this alarm is done in the Configuration menu. This is an alarm based on the corrected BER reading on the front panel. MODULE Demodulator module fault.

  • Page 180: Tx Interface Faults

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.2.2.2.3 TX Interface Faults Fault/Alarm Possible Problem and Action TX DATA/AIS Data or incoming AIS fault. When AIS is selected in the Interface Configuration menu for TX data fault, the transmit interface fault TX data/AIS is monitoring an alarm condition of all 1s from customer data input to the modem.

  • Page 181: Rx Interface Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.2.2.2.4 RX Interface Faults Fault/Alarm Possible Problem and Action BUFFER UNDERFLOW Buffer underflow alarm. Indicates the plesiochronous buffer has underflowed. Buffer underflow is normally a momentary fault (there are clock problems if this is continuously present). This fault is included in this section to be consistent with the fault reporting system and correctly registered in the stored fault memory.
  • Page 182 Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem RX 2047 LOCK RX 2047 lock alarm. Indicates the RX 2047 data test pattern is not being received by the decoder. This probably indicates the transmitter is not set correctly. BUFFER FULL Buffer full alarm. Indicates the buffer is less than 10% or greater than 90% full.

  • Page 183: Common Equipment Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.2.2.2.5 Common Equipment Faults Fault/Alarm Possible Problem and Action BATTERY/CLOCK M&C battery voltage or clock fault. Indicates a low voltage in the memory battery. Typically this will be active when a modem has been hard reset, the firmware has been changed, and the modem is first turned on.

  • Page 184: Backward Alarms

    Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem 6.2.2.2.6 Backward Alarms Fault/Alarm Possible Problem and Action BW ALARM RX4 Receive backward alarm #4. The distant end of the link is sending Backward Alarm #4. This indicates trouble at the distant end, which may be a result of improper transmission at the near end of the link.

  • Page 185: Module Replacement

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Maintenance 6.3 Module Replacement The modem consists of plug-in cards that can be easily replaced. Card ejectors are provided for ease in removing the modulator, demodulator, and interface PCBs. To replace the display/M&C PCB on the modem front panel, remove the six mounting screws and connector.
  • Page 186 Maintenance SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. 6–28 Rev. 4...

  • Page 187: Appendix A. Options

    Appendix A. OPTIONS This appendix describes the Reed-Solomon Codec, Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS), and Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) options. A.1 Reed-Solomon Codec The Reed-Solomon Codec PCB (AS/4080) is a 6.75” x 7.50” daughter card that is located on the interface PCB. The interface card fits in the middle slot of the modem chassis.

  • Page 188: Specifications

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.1.1 Specifications Reed-Solomon Codec word n = 208 k = 192 t = 8 Interleaver Modified block interleaving, depth = 4 Unique word insertion Per IESS-308 specification Note: The Reed-Solomon implementation conforms to the INTELSAT IESS-308 specification.
  • Page 189 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options The 8-bit wide data and clock come from the multiplexer on the interface PCB, and are sent to the Reed-Solomon encoder section through connector JP1. The data passes through an 8-bit parallel self-synchronizing scrambler in accordance with IESS-308 Rev.

  • Page 190: Figure A-3. Reed-Solomon Codec Frame Format

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem RSWORD n BYTES RSCODE (n,k,t) 208, 192, 8 kBYTES OF DATA CHECK BYTES 1 RSWORD 1 RS PAGE RS FRAME RS SYNC PERIOD UNIQUE WORDS GO INTO THESE BYTES Figure A-3. Reed-Solomon Codec Frame Format A–4...

  • Page 191: Reed-Solomon Decoder

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.1.2.2 Reed-Solomon Decoder A block diagram of the Reed-Solomon decoder section is shown in Figure A-4. The Reed-Solomon decoder section includes the following circuits: • 3-channel serial unique word corrolater • RAM interleaver • Input FIFO •...
  • Page 192 Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Refer to Figure A-3 for the Reed-Solomon frame format. The term n - k = 2t is the total number of check bytes appended to the end of the data. The outer Codec reads the data in blocks of n bytes, and recalculates the check bytes.

  • Page 193: Installation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.1.3 Installation Installation instructions for the Reed-Solomon Codec PCB (AS/4080) include: • Unpacking and initial inspection • Tools required • Installation A.1.3.1 Unpacking Instructions This equipment contains parts and assemblies sensitive to damage by ESD. Use ESD precautionary procedures when touching, removing, or inserting PCBs.

  • Page 194: Installation Procedure

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.1.3.3 Installation Procedure Install the Reed-Solomon Codec PCB (AS/4080) as a daughter card on the interface PCB (AS/3971-1 or -2) as follows: Turn off power before installation. High current VDC is present. Failure to do so could result in damage to the modem components.

  • Page 195: Figure A-5. Reed-Solomon Installation

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options R-S DECODER PCB MOUNTING SPACERS AND HARDWARE (6) MOUNTING HOLES (6) R-S DECODER PCB INTERFACE PCB Figure A-5. Reed-Solomon Installation Rev. 4 A–9...

  • Page 196: Direct Broadcast Satellite

    This section describes the optional Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) operating mode for the SDM-9000. As implemented on the SDM-9000, the DBS mode supports data rates up to 44.736 Mbit/s using a single FEC (Forward Error Correction) channel. Single channel implementation differs significantly from the INTELSAT specifications (for carriers greater than 10 Mbit/s) for commutating the data across three channels.

  • Page 197: Requirements

    2047 and AIS DETECT B) RECEIVE PROCESS Figure A-6. Block Diagram of SDM-9000 Configured for DBS/DVB Operation A.2.1 Requirements This section covers the module types that are compatible with each option, and the minimum software requirements for the modem PCBs. The following options list the interface type and PCB assembly numbers.

  • Page 198: Baseband Physical Interfaces

    Timing requirements for the baseband physical interface are presented in Section A.2.4. A.2.2.1 ECL Physical Interface The ECL interface uses MC10H115 differential line receivers and MC10H101 differential line drivers to provide the electrical interface to the SDM-9000. Figure A-7 shows a typical differential ECL receiver and driver diagram. +ECL_IN...

  • Page 199: Pecl Physical Interface

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.2.2 PECL Physical Interface The PECL interface uses the same interface devices as the ECL, but is referenced to the positive rail, as shown in Figure A-8. The electrical characteristics of both interface types are shown in Table A-1.

  • Page 200: Dbs Baseband Interface

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.3 DBS Baseband Interface A.2.3.1 DBS TX Baseband Interface As illustrated previously by Figure A-6, the data and sync inputs are first passed through a dejitter FIFO register to hand off the data to the stable transmit clock, and then passed to the SYNC 1 inversion and scrambler block.

  • Page 201: Baseband Interface Requirements

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.4 Baseband Interface Requirements A.2.4.1 Timing for Transmit Baseband Interface A diagram of the timing for the transmit baseband interface is shown in Figure A-10. Figure A-10. Timing for Transmit Baseband Interface Parameters for TX baseband interface timing are presented in Table A-2.

  • Page 202: Dbs Mode Tx Sync Pulse Timing

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.4.1.1 DBS Mode TX SYNC Pulse Timing In DBS mode, a one clock-period-wide sync pulse must be supplied coincident with the first bit of the sync byte. However, it is not required that the MPEG-2 sync byte data (0x47) be present, because the DBS sync-detect logic writes a new sync byte pattern upon receiving the sync pulse.

  • Page 203: Dbs Mode Receive Sync Pulse Timing

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options Parameters for TX baseband interface timing are presented in Table A-3. Table A-3. Receive Baseband Interface Timing Parameter Description Delay time, CLOCK to DATA or SYNC valid 5 ns Hold time, CLOCK to DATA or SYNC invalid...

  • Page 204: Sync Decoder (Correlater

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.5 SYNC Decoder (Correlater) In DBS mode, an external sync pulse provides the reference for the frame structure used throughout the transmission process. This external sync pulse must be provided coincident with the first bit of the MPEG-2 sync byte.

  • Page 205: Sync 1 Inversion And Scrambler/Descrambler

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.6 SYNC 1 Inversion and Scrambler/Descrambler In compliance with the DVB specifications, and to ensure adequate binary transitions, the payload data (187 bytes) in the transport packet is scrambled using a Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) generator.

  • Page 206: Dbs Mode (De)Scrambler For 204-Byte Packets

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.6.1 DBS Mode (De)Scrambler for 204-Byte Packets The DVB specifications require that the inverted sync byte detection be used to load the PRBS generator every eight sync bytes, and that the PRBS generator run continuously until the next load (eight packet period).

  • Page 207: Reed-Solomon Coder/Decoder

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.7 Reed-Solomon Coder/Decoder The Reed-Solomon coder receives scrambled data packets in byte serial format. RS(204,188,8) shortened code—from the original RS(255,239,8) code—is applied to each scrambled transport packet (188 bytes) to generate an error-protected packet. Refer to Figure A-17 for the packet arrangement.

  • Page 208: Dbs Mode Check Byte Framing For 204-Byte Packets

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.7.1 DBS Mode Check Byte Framing for 204-Byte Packets When operating in DBS transmit mode, the 16 padding bytes are replaced with the 16 Reed-Solomon check bytes. The DBS mode allows a 1-for-1 byte replacement in the RS coder;...

  • Page 209: Depth 12 Interleaver/De-Interleaver

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.8 Depth 12 Interleaver/De-interleaver Conceptually, the interleaver is composed of I = 12 branches, cyclically connected to the input byte stream by the input switch. Each branch is a FIFO shift register, with depth = 17 x branch index. The cells of the FIFO contain 1 byte, and the input and output branches are synchronized.

  • Page 210: Figure A-19. Interleaved Frame Structure

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem An interleaved frame is generated by applying convolutional interleaving (with depth I = 12) to the error-corrected packets. Figure A-19 shows the interleaved frame structure. SYNC 1 SYNC 1 203 BYTES 203 BYTES SYNC n SYNC n INTERLEAVING DEPTH I = 12 Figure A-19.

  • Page 211: Inner Coder/Decoder

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.9 Inner Coder/Decoder The transmit convolutional coder is a standard k = 7, rate 1/2 (G1 = 171, G2 = 133), followed by a programmable puncturing unit. Code rates supported are 1/2, 3/4, and 7/8. A.2.9.1 Punctured Operation The DVB puncturing scheme differs from that specified by IESS-308 (INTELSAT), and is shown in Figure A-20.

  • Page 212: Table A-4. Rate Exchange Ratios For Dvb Puncturing

    1/2 convolutional encoded data and the encoded punctured channel data. Note: The DVB specification also describes rate 2/3 and rate 5/6 puncturing, but the SDM-9000 does not support these code rates at this time. Table A-4 shows the ratios between the convolutional encoder’s clock and the symbol clock for each exchange rate.

  • Page 213: Signal Space Mapping

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.9.2 Signal Space Mapping DBS/DVB operation employs conventional Gray-coded QPSK modulation with absolute mapping (no differential coding). Bit mapping in the signal space is shown in Figure A-21. I = 1 I = 0 Q = 0...

  • Page 214: Nyquist Filters

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem A.2.10 Nyquist Filters Prior to modulation, the I and Q baseband signals are passed through Nyquist filters exhibiting a square-root, raised-cosine transfer function with a 35% rolloff factor. The theoretical transfer function is defined by the following expression: −...

  • Page 215: Dvb With Reed-Solomon Ber (Qpsk

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.2.11 DVB with Reed-Solomon BER (QPSK) Table A-5 shows the DVB Reed-Solomon specifications for the E required to achieve 10 to 10 BER for different configurations. Table A-5. Reed-Solomon BER Data Specification Typical 1/2 Rate 3/4 Rate...

  • Page 216: Figure A-22. Qpsk (1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rates) With Reed-Solomon (Dvb

    Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Specification 1/2 Rate 3/4 Rate 7/8 Rate 10.0 11.0 (dB) Figure A-22. QPSK (1/2, 3/4, 7/8 Rates) with Reed-Solomon (DVB) A–30 Rev. 4...

  • Page 217: Esc 64 Kbit/S Data Option

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Options A.3 ESC 64 kbit/s Data Option The two audio channels in the ESC data stream can be replaced with a single 64 kHz data channel. The data is transmitted and received on the same connector pins which were used for audio.
  • Page 218 Options SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. A–32 Rev. 4...

  • Page 219: Appendix B. Remote Control Operation

    Appendix B. REMOTE CONTROL OPERATION This appendix describes the remote control operation of the SDM-9000. • Firmware number: FW/4100-1F • Software version: 6.1.1 B.1 General Remote controls and status information are transferred via an RS-485 (optional RS-232) serial communications link.

  • Page 220: Message Structure

    Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem B.2 Message Structure The ASCII character format used requires 11 bits/character: • 1 start bit • 7 information bits • 1 parity bit • 2 stop bits Messages on the remote link fall into the categories of commands and responses.

  • Page 221: Command/Responses

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation B.2.3 Command/Responses The command/response portion of the message contains a variable-length character sequence which conveys command and response data. If a satellite modem receives a message addressed to it which does not match the established protocol or cannot be implemented, a negative acknowledgment message is sent in response.

  • Page 222: Configuration Commands/Responses

    Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem B.3 Configuration Commands/Responses B.3.1 Modulator Modulator Command: <add/MF_nnn.nnnn'cr' Where: nnn.nnnn = Frequency in MHz, 50.0000 to 180.0000, in Frequency Response: >add/MF_nnn.nnnn'cr' 2.5 kHz steps. RF_OFF'cr''lf'] Note: When the modulator frequency is programmed, the RF Status: <add/MF_'cr'...

  • Page 223: Demodulator

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Differential Command: <add/DENC_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF. Encoder Response: >add/DENC_xxx'cr''lf'] Enable Status: <add/DENC_'cr' Response: >add/DENC_xxx'cr''lf'] Modulator Command: <add/MRC_xxxxx'cr' Where: xxxxx = INT, EXT5 (5 MHz), EXT10 (10 MHz), or Reference Response: >add/MRC_xxxxx'cr''lf'] EXT20 (20 MHz).

  • Page 224: Interface

    Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Command: <add/RFL_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF. Loopback Response: >add/RFL_xxx'cr''lf'] Status: <add/RFL_'cr' Response: >add/RFL_xxx'cr''lf'] Command: <add/IFL_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF. Loopback Response: >add/IFL_xxx'cr''lf'] Status: <add/IFL_'cr' Response: >add/IFL_xxx'cr''lf'] Bit Error Command: <add/BERT_xxxx'cr'...
  • Page 225 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Interface Command: <add/IBC_'cr' Buffer Response: >add/IBC_'cr''lf'] Center Receive Command: <add/RCP_xxx'cr' Where: xxxx = NRM (normal clock phasing) or INV (inverted Clock Response: >add/RCP_xxx'cr''lf'] clock phasing). Phase Status: <add/RCP_'cr' Response: >add/RCP_xxx'cr''lf'] Baseband Command: <add/BBL_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF.
  • Page 226 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Interface Command: <add/ISP_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF. Substitute Response: >add/ISP_xxx'cr''lf'] Pattern (Transmit Status: <add/ISP_'cr' 2047 Response: >add/ISP_xxx'cr''lf'] Pattern) Interface Command: <add/IRE_xxx'cr' Where: xxx = ON or OFF. Read Error Response: >add/IRE_xxx'cr''lf'] Select...

  • Page 227: System

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Interface Command: <add/IRFS_fffff_ssss'cr' Where: Receive Response: >add/IRFS_fffff_ssss'cr''lf'] Framing fffff = 6312, 8448, 32064, 34368, 44736, or 51840 (frame Structure Status: <add/IRFS_fffff_ssss'cr' type). Response: >add/IRFS_fffff_ssss'cr''lf'] ssss = NONE, G704, G742, G743, G745, G747, G751, G752, G753, or STS1 (framing).

  • Page 228: Status Commands/Responses

    Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem B.4 Status Commands/Responses B.4.1 Configuration Modulator Command: <add/MCS_'cr' Config. Response: >add/MCS_'cr' Status RF_xxx'cr' RF Output (ON/OFF) MF_nnn.nnnn'cr' Modulator Frequency MR_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr' Modulator Rate AMRA_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr' Preset 'A' Assignment AMRB_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr' Preset 'B' Assignment AMRC_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr' Preset 'C' Assignment AMRD_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr'...
  • Page 229 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Modulator/ Command: <add/MCP_'cr' Coder Response: >add/ MCP_'cr' Config. SMT_xxxxxx'cr' System Modem Type Program ITOT_xxxx'cr' Interface Transmit Overhead Type Status MOM_xxxxxxx'cr' Modem Operation Mode MF_nnn.nnnn'cr' Modulator Frequency MR_nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm'cr' Modulator Rate MPO_snn.n'cr' Modulator Power Offset MOP_snn.n'cr'...
  • Page 230 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Demod/ Command: <add/DCP_'cr' Decoder Response: >add/DCP_'cr' Config. SMT_xxxxxx'cr' System Modem Type Program IROT_xxxx'cr' Interface Receive Overhead Type Status MOM_xxxxxxx'cr' Modem Operation Mode BERT_xxxx'cr' BER Threshold DF_nnn.nnnn'cr' Demodulator Frequency DR_nnnnn_mmmm.mmm'cr' Demodulator Rate DE_xxx'cr' Descrambler Enable (ON/OFF)
  • Page 231 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Interface Command: <add/ICS_'cr' Config. Response: >add/ICS_'cr' Status ERF_nnnnn.nnn'cr' External Reference Frequency TCP_xxx'cr' Transmit Clock Phase RCP_xxx'cr' Receive Clock Phase BBL_xxx'cr' Baseband Loopback ILB_xxx'cr' Interface Loopback ILT_xxx'cr' Interface Loop Timing ICFT_xxxx'cr' Interface Coding Format Transmit...
  • Page 232 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Modulator Command: <add/MS_'cr' Status Response: >add/MS_'cr' RF_xxx'cr' RF Output (ON/OFF) Actual Status, Not Config. MOD_xxx'cr' Module SYN_xxx'cr' IF Synthesizer DCA_xxx'cr' Data Clock Activity DCS_xxx'cr' Data Clock Synthesizer ICH_xxx'cr' I Channel QCH_xxx'cr' Q Channel AGC_xxx'cr'...

  • Page 233: Error Performance

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Common Command: <add/CES_'cr' Equipment Response: >add/CES_'cr' Status M&C_xxx'cr' Monitor & Control Module INT_xxx'cr' Data Interface Module BAT_xxx'cr' Battery/Clock +5_xxx'cr' +5V Power Supply -5_xxx'cr' -5V Power Supply +12_xxx'cr' +12V Power Supply -12_xxx'cr' -12V Power Supply...
  • Page 234 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Corrected Command: <add/CBER_'cr' Where: Response: >add/CBER_xm.mE-ee'cr''lf'] x = < or > (data modifier to indicate that the error rate is less than or greater than the returned value). m.m = 1.0 to 9.9 (error rate mantissa).
  • Page 235 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Interface Command: <add/IRES_'cr' Where: Read Error Response: >add/IRES_tttt_xn.nE-ee'cr''lf'] Status tttt = FRM (FRAME) or 2047 (indicates type of error being read). x = < or > (data modifier to indicate that the error rate is less than or greater than the returned value).
  • Page 236 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Demodulato Command: <add/DR_'cr' Where: r Rate Response: >add/DR_nnnn_mmmm.mmm'cr''lf'] Status nnnnn = One of the following decoder rates: 1/2 (QPSK 1/2) 3/4 (QPSK 3/4) 7/8 (QPSK 7/8) 16Q34 (16QAM 3/4) 16Q78 (16QAM 7/8) 8P23 (8PSK 2/3)

  • Page 237: Stored Faults

    SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation B.5 Stored Faults Information on stored faults is returned when requested. If no stored fault exists for a given fault number, the words “NO Fault” will be returned instead of the normal time/date status information.
  • Page 238 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Interface Command: <add/IRSF_#'cr' Receive Response: >add/IRSF_# hh:mm:ss MM/DD/YY'cr' Side Stored UNFL_xxx'cr' Buffer Underflow Faults OVFL_xxx'cr' Buffer Overflow RXD_xxx'cr' Receive Data Loss/AIS FBER_xxx'cr' Frame BER CLK_xxx'cr' Selected Buffer Clock Activity PLL_xxx'cr' Buffer Clock PLL Lock...
  • Page 239 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Bulk Command: <add/BCAS_'cr' This command is similar to the 'BCS_' command, but Consol. Response: >add/BCAS_p1,p2,p3, . . . pn'cr''lf'] returns modem analog parameters. Additional status of Analog new options and features will always be appended to the Status end.
  • Page 240 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Bulk Command: <add/BCS_'cr' This command causes bulk modem status to be returned. To Consol. Response: >add/BCS_p1,p2,p3, . . . pn'cr''lf'] reduce the length of the response, message parameter data Status are returned without identifiers. However, parameter identification can be determined by order of return.
  • Page 241 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Bulk Consol. Status (continued) Parameter Parameter Name (Command Reference) Description Number Demodulator preset A p17 = nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm, code rate/data rate in kbit/s. assignment (ref. 'ADRA_' command). p18 = nnnnn_mmmmm.mmm, code rate/data rate in kbit/s.
  • Page 242 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem (ref. 'SE_' command). B–24 Rev. 4...
  • Page 243 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Bulk Consol. Status (continued) Parameter Parameter Name Number (Command Reference) Description Descrambler enable p36 = n, where 'n' is '0' (OFF) or '1' (ON). (ref. 'DE_' command). p37 = n, where 'n' is '0' (INT), '1' (REF), '2' (EXT), '3' (SAT), or Buffer clock source '4' (HS).
  • Page 244 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Bulk Consol. Status (continued) Paramete Parameter Name (Command Reference) Description Number p56 = n, where 'n' is '0' (OFF) or '1' (ON). Backward Alarm enable RX2 (ref. 'BW_RX2_' command). p57 = n, where 'n' is '0' (OFF) or '1' (ON).
  • Page 245 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Bulk Command <add/BCSF_'cr' This command causes all modem fault status to be returned. To Consol. >add/BCSF_abcdefghijklmno'cr''l reduce the length of the response, fault status is embedded into Status Response: the bit structure of the characters that are returned. Faults are Faults indicated by a binary 1 in the designated bit position.
  • Page 246 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Bit 6 = 1 always. Bit 5 = Transmit Data/AIS. Bit 4 = Transmit Synthesizer PLL Lock. Bit 3 = Selected Transmit Clock Activity. Bit 2 = Programming. Bit 1 = Configuration. Bit 0 = reserved.
  • Page 247 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Remote Control Operation Where: Character 'p': Interface Reed-Solomon Unavailable Seconds. Bit 6 = 1 always. Bit 5 = not used. Bit 4 = not used. Bit 3 through Bit 0 = Binary representation (0 to 10) of the number of Reed-Solomon Unavailable Seconds stored faults.
  • Page 248 Remote Control Operation SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Demodulato Command <add/DOI_'cr' Where: x = 0 (option not installed) or 1 (option installed). r Options/ >add/DOI_'cr' Misc. Response: x,8PSK/16QAM'cr''lf'] Information Interface Command <add/IOI_'cr' Where: Options/ >add/IOI_'cr' Misc. Response: dddddd'cr' dddddd = G.703, ECL, PECL, or MIL-188-144 (interface...

  • Page 249: Glossary

    Glossary The following is a list of acronyms and abbreviations that may be found in this manual. Acronym/ Definition Abbreviation Ω Ohms 16QAM 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation 8PSK 8 Phase Shift Keying Ampere Analog to Digital Alternating Current Analog to Digital Converter Adjust ADMA Amplitude Domain Multiple Access...
  • Page 250 Glossary SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Backward Alarm or Bandwidth Bandwidth Ratio Celsius Customer Equipment Carrier-to-Noise Ratio C/No Carrier-to-Noise Density Ratio CCITT International Telephone and Telegraph Consultative Committee CDMA Code Division Multiple Access Channel CHNL Channel Common Interface Circuit Carrier Loss Clock...
  • Page 251 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Glossary Data Terminal Equipment Digital Video Broadcast E&M Ear and Mouth European Broadcasting Union Bit Energy-to-Noise Ratio Emitter Coupled Logic Electronic Data Processing EEPROM Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EFData Compatible Electronic Industries Association Electro-Magnetic Compatibility Electromotive Force...
  • Page 252 Glossary SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Low Noise Amplifier Local Oscillator Least Significant Bit Large Scale Integration (semiconductors) mille (10 M&C Monitor and Control Milliamperes Maximum Mbit/s Megabits per second Monitor and Control Multiframe Sync Megahertz (10 Hertz) Minimum or Minute Modulator...
  • Page 253 SDM-9000 Satellite Modem Glossary Receive Timing Request to Send Rack Unit Receive (Receiver) RXCLK Receive Clock Receive Data Return-to-Zero Second Signal-to-Noise Ratio SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier Serial Clock Receive Serial Clock Transmit SCTE Serial Clock Transmit External Send Data...
  • Page 254 Glossary SDM-9000 Satellite Modem This page is intentionally left blank. g–6 Rev. 4...

  • Page 255: Metric Conversions

    METRIC CONVERSIONS Units of Length Unit Centimeter Inch Foot Yard Mile Meter Kilometer Millimeter 1 centimeter — 0.3937 0.03281 0.01094 0.01 — — 6.214 x 10 1 inch 2.540 — 0.08333 0.2778 1.578 x 10 0.254 — 25.4 1 foot 30.480 12.0 —...
  • Page 256 2114 85281 WEST TH STREET TEMPE ARIZONA 480 • 333 • 2200 PHONE 480 • 333 • 2161...

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