MAGEE Scientific Aethalometer AE33 User Manual
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MAGEE Scientific Aethalometer AE33 User Manual

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Aethalometer
Model AE33
Aethalometer
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
User's manual – Ver. 1.55
User Manual
Version 1.55
July 2017
Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia
Model AE33
®
July 2017
1/146

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  • Page 1 Aethalometer Model AE33 Aethalometer Model AE33 ® User Manual Version 1.55 July 2017 Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 1/146...
  • Page 2 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 2/146...
  • Page 3 Aethalometer Model AE33 Aethalometer® Model AE33 Manual Version 1.55, July 2017 Applicable for AE33 – Software ver. 1.4.2.0 Copyright 2012-2017 Aerosol d.o.o. Magee Scientific Aethalometer® Manual. All Rights Reserved. Aerosol d.o.o. Kamniška 41 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia, EU tel: +386 1 4391 700 fax: +386 59 191 221 www.aerosol.eu...
  • Page 4 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 4/146...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Aethalometer Model AE33 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ....................10 2. SAFETY NOTES AND LABELS ................... 12 3. WARRANTY ..........................17 4. PACKING LIST ........................20 INTRODUCTION ........................ 22 5.1 Basic calculations ........................23 5.2 Functional description of the instrument .................. 25 5.3 Flow Diagram ...........................
  • Page 6 Aethalometer Model AE33 9.7 Automatic Clean Air Test ......................78 9.8 Tape Sensor calibration ......................79 9.9 Flow verification ........................79 9.10 Neutral Density Optical Filter test ..................83 9.11 Inlet Leakage test ........................85 9.12 Lubrication of Optical Chamber Sliders ................86 10.
  • Page 7 Aethalometer Model AE33 13.3 Unacceptable quality control test results ................117 13.4 Other issues .......................... 117 14. SPECIFICATION ........................ 120 15. ACCESORIES ........................121 Software related products ......................124 16. DRAWINGS ......................... 126 17. THEORY OF OPERATION ....................131 18. CONFORMITY DOCUMENTS ..................140 19.
  • Page 8 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 8/146...

  • Page 9: General Introduction

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER GENERAL INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 9/146...
  • Page 10 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION Figure 1. The Aethalometer® Model AE33. Magee Scientific and Aerosol are pleased to present the ‘Next Generation’ Aethalometer®, Model AE33. This development incorporates scientific and technical advances which offer improved measurement performance, user features, communications and interface, and the ability to perform routine performance tests to verify correct operation.

  • Page 11: Safety Notes And Labels

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER SAFETY NOTES AND LABELS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 11/146...
  • Page 12 Aethalometer Model AE33 2. SAFETY NOTES AND LABELS CAUTION! READ THIS CHAPTER VERY CAREFULLY BEFORE OPERATING THE INSTRUMENT. Instrument operation Read this User’s Manual BEFORE operating the instrument. INCORRECT instrument operation can be DANGEROUS for the operator. Unauthorized instrument access and operation The instrument must not be used in any manner which contravenes this Manual.
  • Page 13 Aethalometer Model AE33 Fire and explosion NEVER install the instrument in explosion-risk areas and never use the equipment near flammable substances. Instrument overheating ALWAYS provide adequate ventilation. NEVER install the instrument in spaces with limited air circulation. UV radiation The AE33 light source contains ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LEDs). These LEDs radiate UV and visible light during operation.
  • Page 14 Aethalometer Model AE33 Instrument service and repair UNAUTHORISED instrument service and repair procedures will VOID THE WARRANTY. The instrument can only be serviced by authorized persons. Please contact your authorized representative if you have any service questions or requirements ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual –...
  • Page 15 Aethalometer Model AE33 Moving parts During AUTOMATIC tape advance procedure, the measurement chamber is lifted by a motorized lift mechanism. To prevent any injuries to your fingers, NEVER place your hands or fingers into ANY mechanical apertures, during automatic tape advance procedure.

  • Page 16: Warranty

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER WARRANTY ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 16/146...
  • Page 17 Aethalometer Model AE33 3. WARRANTY Limited warranty statement: AETHALOMETER Vers. 2016-01 Aerosol d.o.o., (Seller), warrants that the Products will operate or perform in conformance with Seller's published specifications and be free from defects in material and workmanship, when subjected to normal, proper and intended usage by properly trained personnel, for the period of time set forth in the product documentation, published specifications or package inserts.
  • Page 18 Aethalometer Model AE33 event of force majeure, (iii) misuse, fault or negligence of or by Buyer, (iv) use of the Products in a manner for which they were not designed, (v) causes external to the Products such as, but not limited to, power failure or electrical power surges, (vi) improper storage and handling of the Products or (vii) use of the Products in combination with equipment or software not supplied by Seller.

  • Page 19: Packing List

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER PACKING LIST ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 19/146...
  • Page 20 Aethalometer Model AE33 4. PACKING LIST Standard Aethalometer AE33 accessories (packed with the instrument): DESCRIPTION PART NUMBER 3/8" OD Sample Inlet Tubing, static dissipative - 3 m M4997 Fittings set M4973, M4955, M4956 and M4979 Flow calibration pad M3420 Final Inspection record...

  • Page 21: Introduction

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 21/146...
  • Page 22 Aethalometer Model AE33 INTRODUCTION The Aethalometer model AE33 collects aerosol particles continuously by drawing the aerosol- laden air stream through a spot on the filter tape. It analyzes the aerosol by measuring the transmission of light through one portion of the filter tape containing the sample, versus the transmission through an unloaded portion of the filter tape acting as a reference area.

  • Page 23: Basic Calculations

    Aethalometer Model AE33 5.1 Basic calculations The determination of the Black Carbon concentration is based on the measurement of light absorption on a filter loaded with aerosols: Reference I Sensing I Light source Optical detectors Filter Optical attenuation: = reference signal; ������...
  • Page 24 Aethalometer Model AE33 The optical absorption is measured at seven (7) wavelengths simultaneously. The data obtained from channel 6 (measurement at 880 nm) is the defining standard used for reporting black carbon concentration: Black carbon concentration: BC = BC6. Data from the other channels are used for source apportionment. Their wavelengths and the Mass Absorption Cross-sections used in the calculations are as follows: Channel Measurement wavelength (nm) Mass absorption cross-section...

  • Page 25: Functional Description Of The Instrument

    Aethalometer Model AE33 5.2 Functional description of the instrument The AE33 is composed of several subsystems, interconnected in a modular way. MAINS COOLING BACK Ethernet COM1 COM2 COM3 USB3 INLET INLET OUTLET PANEL POWER ELECTRONIC SUPPLY BOARDS PUMP MAIN BALL COMPUTER VALVE MEASUREMENT CHAMBER...
  • Page 26 Aethalometer Model AE33 ENCLOSURE The AE33 enclosure is constructed of sheet steel for strength and durability under all conditions of field operations. The dimensions are for standard 19-inch rack mounting, with 6U chassis height. POWER SUPPLY The power supply module consists of the A.C. mains inlet, the power supply electronics and the cooling fan.
  • Page 27 Aethalometer Model AE33 ELECTRONIC BOARDS Each system module includes electronics boards providing local control functions with microprocessors. These use low-level code which is termed the Firmware (“FW”). Upgrades to the Firmware are published on the Users’ Group website www.mageesci.com/group ETHERNET CONNECTOR The Ethernet connector allows the connection of the AE33 measurement system to external networks.
  • Page 28 Aethalometer Model AE33 PULSE DAMPER The pulse dumper (CRC) decreases pump pulsations in the internal airflow, which would otherwise perturb the very sensitive optical measurements. DIAPHRAGM PUMP The suction pump draws the sample air stream into the inlet connector and through the analytical filtration area.
  • Page 29 Aethalometer Model AE33 ‘TAPE SUPPLY’ and ‘TAPE COLLECTION’ SPOOLS The Filter Tape Roll is installed on the Supply (left-hand) spool and threaded through the Analysis Chamber area and onto the Collection (right-hand) spool. The Collection spool axis is turned by a motor to pull the tape forwards during the Tape Advance process. Optical sensors observe both tape rolls: data from the sensor observing the Tape Supply spool is used to estimate the quantity of tape remaining;...
  • Page 30 Aethalometer Model AE33 USB CONNECTORS The two USB ports on the front panel door can be used to connect a keyboard, mouse, or solid- state memory drive for data download or upload. STATUS LEDs The red, yellow and green status LEDs provide an ‘instant glance’ of the operational status of the instrument.

  • Page 31: Flow Diagram

    Aethalometer Model AE33 5.3 Flow Diagram The Air Flow Schematic of the AE33 allows for different operational modes, per the table below. During normal sampling and analysis, sample air passes through Filter Spots S1 and S2 with different flow rates, defined by the orifice O2. The air flow rates through spot 1 (S1) and spot 2 (S2) are derived from the signals from Flow Sensors F1 and FC.

  • Page 32: Identification And Markings

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER IDENTIFICATION AND MARKINGS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 32/146...

  • Page 33: Instrument Identification Label

    Aethalometer Model AE33 6. IDENTIFICATION AND MARKINGS 6.1 Instrument identification label 6.2 Front panel markings ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 33/146...

  • Page 34: Back Panel Markings

    Aethalometer Model AE33 6.3 Back panel markings ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 34/146...

  • Page 35: Instrument Installation

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 35/146...

  • Page 36: Unpacking The System

    Aethalometer Model AE33 7. INSTRUMENT INSTALLATION 7.1 Unpacking the system Take the instrument out of the box and place it on an even surface. Keep the back of the instrument accessible. Remember to remove the red protective caps on the inlet and exhaust ports before operation! Figure 3.
  • Page 37 Aethalometer Model AE33 sample line tubing with subsequent damage to the instrument and serious effects on the validity of the measurement data. The equipment package includes a selection of inlet fittings. According to your choice of inlet tubing, thread a suitable fitting into the Sample Inlet port on the rear panel of the Aethalometer (see Section 4, Fitting set).

  • Page 38: Switching The Aethalometer On

    Aethalometer Model AE33 sampling manifold or to the inlet on the outside of the measurement station. Make sure that any openings in the station walls or ceiling are leak-proof. MOST IMPORTANT: Always be sure to keep the end of the tubing inverted and sheltered so that rain-water cannot enter.
  • Page 39 Aethalometer Model AE33 Figure 6. The initialization screen with test results. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 39/146...

  • Page 40: Installation Of The Instrument In A Measurement Station

    Aethalometer Model AE33 7.4 Installation of the instrument in a measurement station a) The Aethalometer can be connected to a common sample air inlet manifold together with other instruments. Make sure that all other instruments draw constant flow and do not inject “reverse flow”...
  • Page 41 Aethalometer Model AE33 f) Do not place the instrument in the direct outflow of an air-conditioner. The instrument must be installed indoors. Please protect the instrument from direct sun, water and dust exposure. g) Clean the inlet cyclone and insect screen on a schedule of 1 to 3 months, depending on general concentration of air pollution and contaminants.
  • Page 42 Aethalometer Model AE33 Installation using Sample Stream Dryer (PN M5610) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 42/146...

  • Page 43: User Interface, Settings And Operation

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER USER INTERFACE, SETTINGS AND OPERATION ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 43/146...

  • Page 44: User Interface And Settings

    Aethalometer Model AE33 8. USER INTERFACE, SETTINGS and OPERATION 8.1 User interface and settings There are four top-level pages in the touch-screen user interface:  HOME PAGE showing: o the measured values for Black Carbon (measured at 880 nm, BC, Ch6) and UV particulate matter (measured at 370 nm, UVPM, Ch1), o measured flow, o timebase setting,...
  • Page 45 Aethalometer Model AE33  OPERATION SCREEN with four sub-tabs: GENERAL; ADVANCED; LOG; and MANUAL. The GENERAL screen shows the settings: o Timebase: 1 or 60seconds, o Flow: 2, 3, 4 or 5 LPM, o flow-reporting standard: These are the pressure and temperature which the instrument uses to report flow, based on the mass flow measured by the flow sensors.
  • Page 46 Aethalometer Model AE33 o Automatic time adjustment: None, NTP or GPS. NTP uses “Network Time Protocol” to synchronize time between computers. Instrument must be connected via LAN to accessible NTP server. For GPS time adjustment a GPS must be connected to the instrument as an external device (GPS_GSTAR_IV (PN AE33-GPS)).
  • Page 47 Aethalometer Model AE33 reading Neutral Density Filters (NDF0 to NDF3), status 59 indicates an error has occurred during NDF measurements. LED status 0 – Led driver initialization ERROR; 10 – Led driver OK TA status 0 – Ready; 255 – Busy Tape sensor left Tape sensor Left and Tape sensor right indicate how much Tape sensor...
  • Page 48 Aethalometer Model AE33 330 and 410 indicate “Chamber tape” and between 455 and 465 indicate “Chamber calibrate” position. Valve status Valve status shows valve on/off status for the 4 valves. See chapter 5.3 Flow Diagram. Sigma_Air Sigma_Air is the column with mass absorption cross-section for the 7 channels (see 5.1 Basic calculations for details).
  • Page 49 Aethalometer Model AE33 = 30. Choosing a lower limit on the attenuation range, ATNf 1 is needed to avoid filter matrix transients after the tape advance. The upper limit ATNf 2 is set to be small enough not to be influenced by the filter loading effect. For a more detailed explanation see Drinovec et.
  • Page 50 Aethalometer Model AE33 Note: The content of Instrument IP and Data center IP field will vary depending on the connection of AE33 to the AethNET Firmware Firmware version indicates with which firmware version the version instrument is operating with, it may also be found in the header of the data file.
  • Page 51 Aethalometer Model AE33 Display Choose between having the display either constantly ON; Saver - screen saver mode (in this case after minutes of no activity the screen would turn black only the status circle would appear on it), or Auto OFF - the screen turns off after minutes of no activity.
  • Page 52 Aethalometer Model AE33 The LOG screen shows the last operational reports of status, parameter changes, data downloads, and all instrument operations. The MANUAL screen shows basic commands which can directly operate the various hardware elements (solenoids (valves), pump, chamber, Tape Advance, etc.) NOTE! –...
  • Page 53 Aethalometer Model AE33  The DATA screen has two sub-tabs: TABLE; and EXPORT. The TABLE screen shows raw measurement values, BC concentrations calculated from each individual spot (BC1 = calculation from spot 1, BC2 = calculation from spot 2); and the compensated BC concentration derived by combination of the two individual spot results.
  • Page 54 Aethalometer Model AE33 The EXPORT screen allows the selection of data to be copied to a USB memory drive. Export to USB –for the selected time periods, export data to a USB memory drive inserted into either of the front panel connectors. Data downloads may be performed during normal instrument operation without interruption.
  • Page 55 Aethalometer Model AE33 The ABOUT screen shows instrument registration user registration details. Instrument Registration – In order to receive latest updates, notifications about new features and functionalities, access to all technical materials (spec sheets, technical papers, video tutorials) and other resources, we encourage all users to complete the registration form at http://www.mageesci.com/register The Users Group site offers interactive resources at...

  • Page 56: Instrument Status

    Aethalometer Model AE33 8.2 Instrument Status The Instrument Status is shown by a status flag constructed as a 16-bit value composed of codes for various instrument functions. These include the Detector Status (bits 0,1); Flow (bits 2,3); Optical Source (bits 4,5); Chamber Position (bit 6); Tape Sensors (bits 7,8); Ball Valve (bit 9);...
  • Page 57 Aethalometer Model AE33 Chamber Chamber OK Chamber error Filter tape 8 and 7 Filter tape OK Tape warning (less than 30 spots left) Tape last warning (less than 5 spots left) Tape error (tape not moving, end of tape) Setup file Setup file OK Setup warning Tests &...
  • Page 58 Aethalometer Model AE33 Table 1. Status flags and explanations. When a status flag 3 (decimal) is shown, the Aethalometer is stopped. For all other values of the status code it continues to operate with a warning, and the data is flagged accordingly. IMPORTANT! Measurement data is recorded for all status code values other than those indicating that the instrument has stopped or is performing programmed or manual tests.
  • Page 59 Aethalometer Model AE33 Deconvolution of the status code: The Status Code Number can be interpreted by simply pressing the status icons from the ‘Home’ screen. This will automatically switch the display to a screen, which interprets the code value: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual –...

  • Page 60: Maintenance

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER MAINTENANCE ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 60/146...
  • Page 61 Aethalometer Model AE33 9. MAINTENANCE The Aethalometer needs to be maintained regularly. We recommend the following schedule for regular maintenance. Check the sample inlet flow Once / month Inspect the sample line tubing Once / month Inspect and clean the size selective inlet (if Once / month present) Inspect and clean the insect screen...

  • Page 62: Cleaning The Optical Chamber

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.1 Cleaning The Optical Chamber Inspection of the optical chamber should be done twice annually as a regularly-scheduled maintenance activity. The optical chamber should also be inspected if the data are uncharacteristically noisy. This procedure will ensure that there is no dust or contamination in the optical path.
  • Page 63 Aethalometer Model AE33 6. While pressing the release button upward, grasp the lower portion of the optical head and turn it clockwise so the front of the chamber moves to the left. The lower portion will loosen from its bayonet fitting and can be removed. 7.
  • Page 64 Aethalometer Model AE33 10. To re-install the optical head, first align the notched marker to the left of center; push the optical head upwards to engage the three bayonet fittings; and turn counter-clockwise (so the front of the chamber moves to the right). 12.

  • Page 65: Replacement Of The Filter Tape Roll

    1. For this procedure you will need the new roll of filter tape, and some adhesive tape. Make sure you are using the correct filter tape supplied by the Magee Scientific/Aerosol. Use of any other filter tape may damage the instrument, void the warranty or lead to incorrect data.
  • Page 66 Aethalometer Model AE33 7. When the chamber is fully raised, lock it in place by pushing the metal latch. 8. Remove the used tape from both spools. 9. Take the new filter tape and place it on the "supply" spool. Take note of the metal spring leaf which stabilizes the top surface of the roll.
  • Page 67 Aethalometer Model AE33 12. Make sure that the tape is fed beneath both the left and the right guide posts, and passes under the optical chamber. 13. Release the optical chamber by lifting up with thumbs and fingers on both sides. The spring-loaded latch will automatically release.

  • Page 68: Manual Flow Calibration

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.3 Manual flow calibration For manual flow calibration, an external standard flow-meter and the black rubber Flow Calibration Pad are needed. Please note the units and conditions of Temperature and Pressure at which the flow is reported. Please note whether the flow meter measures ‘volumetric’, ‘standard’, or ‘mass’...
  • Page 69 Aethalometer Model AE33 If the rubber pad is already in place, you can press "Skip" button. If not, please wait for the chamber to lift. 7. When prompted, remove the filter tape and install the rubber flow calibration pad with the notch facing towards you.
  • Page 70 Aethalometer Model AE33 14. Press the input box field and enter the flow from the external flow meter. IMPORTANT ! – units are milliliters per minute (mLPM). 15. Confirm by pressing "Enter". 16. After entering the last value (@ 5LPM) and pressing "OK", the procedure is completed. 17.

  • Page 71: Leakage Test

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.4 Leakage test Leakage (“zeta”, ζ) is the difference between the flow entering the inlet port (F_in) and the flow passing through the system downstream of the filter (F_out). The difference is due to tangential leakage through the edges of the filter tape. ζ=1-(F_in/F_out) The average leakage is approximately 3% at 5 LPM.
  • Page 72 Aethalometer Model AE33 4. A new screen will appear. Choose "Manual". The "Auto" option can be only used if you are using the TSI 4110 mass flow meter connected by data cable to the AE33. 5. The instrument will first measure the flow through the filter tape. 6.
  • Page 73 Aethalometer Model AE33 14. Observe the flow measured by your flow meter. IMPORTANT ! - make sure that your flow readings are reported at the same “Standard” reporting conditions of Temperature and Pressure that you are using in the Aethalometer. Many flow meters display flow at “actual”...

  • Page 74: Stability Test

    (see chapter 9.12) and repeat the test. If the leakage remains higher than 10%, If the reported leakage is larger than 10%, please contact Magee Scientific, Aerosol, or your authorized distributor. 9.5 Stability test The Stability Test determines the performance of the light source and detector, without air flow through the system.
  • Page 75 8. The test result is acceptable if the value of PPBC* on Spot1 is lower than 450 ng/m3 for Channel 6. If the reported value of PPBC on Spot 1 is larger than this value, inspect and clean the optical chamber. If the problem persists, contact Magee Scientific, Aerosol or your authorized distributor.

  • Page 76: Clean Air Test

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.6 Clean Air test The Clean Air test is conducted using the built-in filter to determine the stability and performance of the Aethalometer under the air flow conditions. To perform the clean air test, select Operation/General/Clean air test. The Clean Air Test duration is 20 minutes, during which a Status Code of 2048 will be shown.
  • Page 77 8. The test result is acceptable if the value of PPBC* on Spot1 is lower than 550 ng/m3 for Channel 6. If the reported value of PPBC on Spot 1 is larger than this value, inspect and clean the optical chamber. If the problem persists, contact Magee Scientific, Aerosol or your authorized distributor.

  • Page 78: Automatic Clean Air Test

    Aethalometer Model AE33 The average BC values should be close to zero (less than +/- 100) if the Aethalometer is warmed up and stabilized for at least one hour. Occasionally, a short transient may be seen at first, due to a filter compression artifact. 9.7 Automatic Clean Air Test The Automatic Clean Air Test is activated by checking “Auto Clean Air”...

  • Page 79: Tape Sensor Calibration

    The Flow Verification routine allows the operator to check if the internal flow sensors are responding accurately. No instrument settings are changed during the flow verification process. The process is also shown on the video library available on the Magee Scientific website.
  • Page 80 Aethalometer Model AE33 2. Go to the "Operation / General" screen. If the measurements are running, press 'Stop'. 3. Press the "Verify flow" button to start the test. 4. A new screen will open. Choose "Manual". The "Auto" option can be only used if you are using the TSI 4110 mass flow meter connected by data cable to the AE33.
  • Page 81 Aethalometer Model AE33 9. Connect the flow meter using well-sealed tubing and fittings. Make sure that the hose connection is tight. 10. Press "OK". 11. The Flow Verification routine will measure the flow at three different values (close to 1 LPM, 3 LPM, and 5 LPM), and compare the “internal”...
  • Page 82 Aethalometer Model AE33 16. The test is satisfactory if the difference of flow readings is less than +/-10%. If the difference is larger, re-calibration of the flow sensors is needed (see section 9.3). 17. Confirm by pressing the "OK" button. 18.

  • Page 83: Neutral Density Optical Filter Test

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.10 Neutral Density Optical Filter test The ‘Neutral Density Optical Filter’ test routine is used to verify the performance of the optical system, namely the response of the optical detectors to varying intensities of light from the optical sources.
  • Page 84 10% of 1.000 : i.e., between 0.9 and 1.1 for all seven wavelengths (Ch1 to Ch7). 16. If for any reason the results fall outside this range even after repeating the test, contact Magee Scientific, Aerosol Co., or your authorized distributor. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual –...

  • Page 85: Inlet Leakage Test

    Outdoor inlet flow: 4500 Instrument leakage is: 4.3 % The leakage should be less than 10%. If the reported leakage is larger than 10%, contact Magee Scientific, Aerosol or your authorized distributor. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017...

  • Page 86: Lubrication Of Optical Chamber Sliders

    Aethalometer Model AE33 9.12 Lubrication of Optical Chamber Sliders 1. For this procedure you will need silicon grease and a cotton swab. 2. If the measurements are running, press 'Stop'. This procedure can also be done when the instrument power is switched off. 3.
  • Page 87 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 87/146...
  • Page 88 Aethalometer Model AE33 9.13 Cartridge Filter Replacement The bypass cartridge filter is located above the optical chamber and is clearly visible behind the front door. It should be changed on an annual basis, or earlier if needed at stations with high aerosol loading.
  • Page 89 Aethalometer Model AE33 7. Repeat on the other side, so that the cartridge is removed with its two elbow connectors. 8. Remove the elbow connectors from the filter itself, this time pressing the grey ring of the connector. 9. Take a new filter and attach both elbow connectors to this filter with the same orientation of the flow indicator arrow.

  • Page 90: Serial Commands

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER SERIAL COMMANDS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 90/146...

  • Page 91: Serial Data Port Connections

    Aethalometer Model AE33 10. SERIAL DATA PORT CONNECTIONS All commands finish with a Carriage Return. Note that all commands must be sent as UPPERCASE characters. $AE33:Dnnn nnn = number of lines of Request nnn last data lines data requested $AE33:Wnnn nnn = number of lines of Request nnn last data requested...
  • Page 92 Aethalometer Model AE33 InletLeakageTest, LeakageTest, Flow) m = number of files (0 = all) $AE33:E Stop streaming data $AE33:Xn n = 0 :– instrument stop Remote start/stop n = 1 :– instrument start IMPORTANT! The command must be sent as a string, not as separate characters. We recommend using RealTerm as a commnuications program (available for free download): it has extended functionality and improved ‘send’...

  • Page 93: External Devices

    Aethalometer Model AE33 10.1 External devices External devices may be connected to the three serial COM ports of the AE33 Aethalometer. These include data-loggers, as well as instrument accessories. The ‘Operation/Advanced’ screen offers the “External device” dialog to select the interface for each COM port. After making the physical connection on the rear panel, select the device from the drop-down list and click “Connect”.
  • Page 94 Aethalometer Model AE33 10.1.1 AMES_TPR159 Data received from the AMES sensor (T, P, RH) is stored at the end of the AE33 dataline in the “Fields_i” section in the following format: Temperature, RH, Pressure. If the flow reporting standard is selected as “Ambient”, the values of Temperature and Pressure in the dataline are the same as in the “Fields_i”...

  • Page 95: Sample Stream Dryer

    Aethalometer Model AE33 10.1.4 TSI_4100 The TSI-4100 is a mass flowmeter. It may be used for Automatic calibration, in which case it must be connected to the COM3 port. Its flow data is stored in the ‘Fields_i’ section. 10.1.5 Datalogger_AE33_protocol Please check the table in section 10 for more details.

  • Page 96: Datalogger Qair Protocol

    Aethalometer Model AE33 00000100 – LED calibrating, 00100000 – clean air test, 01000000 – stability test, 01100000 – tape change, 10000000 – optical test, 11000000 – (inlet) leakage test. <errStatus> is the status of instrument problems: 00000000 – no error, 00000010 –...
  • Page 97 Aethalometer Model AE33 Examples: Manufacturer (address code 0) o Command: [01] [03] [00] [00] [00] [0A] [C5] [CD] o Response: [1] [3] [14] [4D] [61] [67] [65] [65] [20] [73] [63] [69] [65] [6E] [74] [69] [66] [69] [63] [20] [20] [20] [20] [5C] [8E] Serial number (address code 10) o Command: [01] [03] [00] [0A] [00] [0A] [E5] [CF] o Response: [1] [3] [14] [41] [45] [33] [33] [2D] [53] [30] [30] [2D] [30] [30] [30] [32]...

  • Page 98: Ae33_Data Streaming

    Aethalometer Model AE33 Status value converted to 4 bytes.  Instantaneous values (address code 187) o Command: [01] [03] [00] [BB] [00] [3C] [35] [FE] o Response: [1] [3] [D2] [84] [0] [0] [0] [12] [9C] [84] [0] [0] [0] [0] [D1] [84] [0] [0] [0] [13] [6D] [84] [0] [47] [C5] [E6] [80] [84] [0] [41] [A8] [E1] [48] [84] [0] [41] [64] [83] [B9] [84] [0] [44] [93] [30] [F2] [84] [0] [45] [CB] [38] [32] [84] [0] [44] [93] [58] [E9] [84] [0] [44] [A6] [52] [DC] [84] [0] [46] [7] [E0] [1B] [84] [0] [44] [A6] [75] [C7] [84]...

  • Page 99: Gps Gstar Iv

    Aethalometer Model AE33 10.1.10 GPS GSTAR IV A GPS receiver from GlobalSat model G-STAR IV (PN AE33-GPS) is used as an external device to provide two type of information: location and/or exact time. Data is added as external device data. Additionally GPS can be used for system time adjustment (See chapter 8.1). The data stored from the GPS module is one of GPS - NMEA sentences.

  • Page 100: Connecting To External Datalogger Or Pc

    Aethalometer Model AE33 10.2 Connecting to External Datalogger or PC Connect with a crossover cable (or standard serial cable with null modem adapter) from the PC / Datalogger to the serial port of the instrument on the rear panel. Establish communications using the following values: BaudRate = 115200 DataBits = 8 StopBits = 1 (IO.Ports.StopBits.One)

  • Page 101: Data Handling

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER DATA HANDLING ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 101/146...

  • Page 102: Network Connection

    Aethalometer Model AE33 11.1. NETWORK CONNECTION Aethalometer supports Ethernet connections via TCP/IP protocol. This enables transferring data managing the settings and checking the status of the instrument remotely. To enable network connectivity the ‘NetworkEnabled’ checkbox must be selected and Ethernet cable with access must be plugged in the back of the Aethalometer. The Instrument IP field has to have a valid IP address to be able to access the instrument.

  • Page 103: Data Management

    Aethalometer Model AE33 11.2. DATA MANAGEMENT Aethalometer Data management consists of two systems: the database and file system (same as all former SW versions). The database is used as primary data system and the file system is a backup. The export of data is file based. Database is used in AethNET data transfer system, which allows for synchronization of instrument data with the central database.
  • Page 104 Aethalometer Model AE33 where ss is the production series number, nnnnn is the serial number, and yyyymmdd is the date, for example 20120901 means 1 Sept 2012. Please make sure that the transfer is finished before removing the USB memory stick from the USB port on the Aethalometer.
  • Page 105 Aethalometer Model AE33 Data field description: - Date (yyyy/MM/dd): date. - Time (hh:mm:ss): time. - Timebase: timebase – units in seconds. - Ref1, Sen1Ch1, Sen2Ch1…: are the raw signal Reference (Ref), Sensing Spot 1 (Sen1) and Sensing Spot 2 (Sen2) values from which the BC concentrations are calculated for channel 1 (Ch1), wavelength 370 nm.
  • Page 106 Aethalometer Model AE33 - K1; K2; K3; K4; K5; K6; K7: the K_n are the compensation parameters for wavelength channels n = 1 ~ 7 - TapeAdvCount: TapeAdvCount – tape advances since start - ID_com1; ID_com2; ID_com3; The Fields_i: ID_com_i are the identifiers indicating which auxiliary device is connected to which serial port (necessary because of the different data structure).

  • Page 107: System Restore

    Aethalometer Model AE33 Database export To export the whole database use “Copy DB to USB”. Instrument needs to be in the stopped state to perform this operation. After the DB is being copied, the instrument goes into restart mode, to prevent DB corruption. Copy ‘DB to USB’ setting button can be accessed from “Data” – “Export”...

  • Page 108: Basic Settings

    Aethalometer Model AE33 11.2.3 Basic settings “Basic settings” is a list of instrument operational parameters that may be imported from an external USB memory drive. This can ensure standardized operation. The settings are imported from the file AE_SETUP.XML that is saved in the root directory of the external drive. The file format is the same as the instrument setup file.
  • Page 109 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 109/146...

  • Page 110: Bc Source Apportionment

    Aethalometer Model AE33 11.2.4 BC source apportionment Source apportionment of black carbon emissions is based on the Sandradewi et al. (2008) model, with optical absorption coefficient being a sum of biomass burning and fossil fuel burning fractions. Model is based on the difference in absorption coefficient wavelength dependency assuming that absorption due to from fossil fuel and biomass emissions follow λ...
  • Page 111 Aethalometer Model AE33 Settings - display of BB on the home screen is enabled by selecting Home display/procBB setting on Operation/Advanced tab. - the algorithm can be fine-tuned by changing the value of Ångström exponents α and α from the default values of α =1 and α...

  • Page 112: Software Upgrade

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER SOFTWARE UPGRADE ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 112/146...
  • Page 113 Aethalometer Model AE33 12. SOFTWARE UPGRADE 1. Use only a high quality USB memory drive. Copy the following files to the root directory: - NK.bin - application software (SW version number not shown) - ae33coNNN.hex, ae33deNNN.hex, ae33leNNN.hex - three firmware files for version NNN. 2.
  • Page 114 Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER TROUBLSESHOOTING ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 114/146...

  • Page 115: Troubleshooting

    Aethalometer Model AE33 13. TROUBLESHOOTING 13.1 Startup screen checks Check Description Error Solution Communication Communication PC to hardware check cables optical chamber controller problem Instrument Obtain data (serial hardware check cables data number) from the optical problem chamber controller Storage CF card operation CF card error get new CF card and SW...

  • Page 116: Instrument Status

    Aethalometer Model AE33 13.2 Instrument status Normal operation Warning ; Instrument is still performing measurements, but there is/was an issue, that needs to be checked Instrument stopped. Immediate response needed. The instrument status code number and the colored icon are shown on the Home screen. Pressing the colored icon opens a screen with the status interpretation.

  • Page 117: Unacceptable Quality Control Test Results

    Aethalometer Model AE33 16384 AutoCleanAir Result of clean air test Service of the instrument is test status is not acceptable recommended. 32768 CF card failure CF card needs to be replaced. Contact support. 65536 Database size Database size reaching Delete old data warning limit 13.3 Unacceptable quality control test results...
  • Page 118 Aethalometer Model AE33 Clean filter tape optical sensors using dust-off spray of cotton swabs Oscillations in BC data Dirty optical chamber Clean optical chamber Air conditioning effects Install Sample Stream Dryer Parameter k hit limit values Air conditioning effects Install Sample Stream Dryer Temperature change Check installation temperature effects...
  • Page 119 Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER SPECIFICATIONS and ACCESORIES ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 119/146...

  • Page 120: Specification

    Aethalometer Model AE33 14. SPECIFICATION Operation:  Supply voltage: 100-240 V~, 50/60 Hz  Max power consumption: 90 W. Typical power consumption: 25 W  Measurement wavelengths: 370, 470, 520, 590, 660, 880 and 950 nm  Air flow: adjustable 2, 3, 4 and 5 LPM Environmental operating conditions: ...

  • Page 121: Accesories

    Aethalometer Model AE33 15. ACCESORIES PRODUCT NO DESCRIPTION PHOTO M8050 Filter Tape Roll, 10 m (1000 spots) M8072 Cartridge Filter M5510 Ambient Meteorological Sensor (P, T, RH): 10 m cable included AE5513 Extended cable for the AE33-MET2 with connectors, 20m M4121 MiniPM InletKit (includesPM10, PM4, PM2.5, PM1 and TSP)
  • Page 122 Aethalometer Model AE33 M4114 Sharp-Cut Cyclone Inlet, 2.5 μm cut at 2 LPM flowrate or 1 μm cut at 5 LPM flowrate M4112 Sharp-Cut Cyclone Inlet, 1 μm cut at 2 LPM flowrate M9610 Transit Case for shipping and field use, shockproof and waterproof M9555 Insect and Water Trap...
  • Page 123 Aethalometer Model AE33 M5610 Sample Airstream Dryer - Nafion Membrane (including external pump) AE33-CPI Shipping carton box with protective foam inserts M7900 TSI 4140 Flow Meter (0.05-20 LPM) M7950 BGI TetraCal (0.1 - 30 LPM) M7662 Neutral Density Optical Filter Validation M3410 Tape Sensor Calibration Disc kit AE33-GPS...

  • Page 124: Software Related Products

    Aethalometer Model AE33 Software related products AethNET is an integrated hardware and software package that connects Aethalometers to a virtual remote management point for instrument control, data storage and analysis. Continuous automatic supervision of operational parameters can create alarms and e-mail notifications to alert operators to any potential problems.

  • Page 125: Drawings

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER DRAWINGS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 125/146...
  • Page 126 Aethalometer Model AE33 16. DRAWINGS Front view Front view, open door ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 126/146...
  • Page 127 Aethalometer Model AE33 Rear view Rear view, no cover ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 127/146...
  • Page 128 Aethalometer Model AE33 Exploded view ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 128/146...

  • Page 129: Theory Of Operation

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER THEORY OF OPERATION ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 129/146...
  • Page 130 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 130/146...

  • Page 131: Theory Of Operation

    Aethalometer Model AE33 17. THEORY OF OPERATION The Aethalometer Model AE33 has been developed with input from the research and monitoring communities, and is designed for reliable operation under all conditions ranging from state-of-the-art research to compliance monitoring. The leading innovations incorporated into the Model AE33 include: The DualSpot™...
  • Page 132 Aethalometer Model AE33 concentration of BC in urban, suburban, regional, rural and remote locations; source testing; and laboratory-based research. ‘DualSpot™’ technology The Aethalometer Model AE33 uses the patented DualSpot™ method to compensate for the ‘spot loading effect’; and also to provide a real-time output of the ‘loading compensation’ parameter, which may provide additional information about the physical and chemical properties of the aerosol.
  • Page 133 Aethalometer Model AE33 Figure 7. Aethalometer data sorted and averaged according to loading (attenuation, ATN) on spot – roadside location in London, UK (top); urban site in Boston (Roxbury), USA (bottom). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 133/146...
  • Page 134 Aethalometer Model AE33 The London data show a systematic reduction at increasing loadings; while the Boston data do not. This demonstrates that any method intended to compensate for the ‘spot loading effect’ must be auto-adaptive and able to adjust dynamically to different situations. An instrument based on firmware with a fixed ‘loading non-linearity’...
  • Page 135 Aethalometer Model AE33 loading’; as well as a real-time output of the ‘loading compensation parameter’ k which provides insights into the aerosol nature and composition. This process is performed in real time for all wavelengths: examination of the ‘k’ values as a function of wavelength provides further information about the aerosol composition.
  • Page 136 Aethalometer Model AE33 Automatic Zero and Span The Aethalometer Model AE33 offers the capability for automatically checking the ‘zero-air’ response of the instrument under dynamical operating conditions. This test is implemented by back-flushing the inlet connection with an excess flow of internally-filtered air and circulating the filtered air in the instrument.
  • Page 137 Aethalometer Model AE33 The response of the optical detectors of the Aethalometer Model AE33 may be verified by use of a standard kit of Neutral Density optical filters. These are glass elements with a range of known and stable optical absorptions, from light to dark, which are traceable from manufacturing records back to primary standards.
  • Page 138 Aethalometer Model AE33 cleaning; and reliable re-assembly. The entire instrument is hermetically sealed to reduce the entry of dust. References Drinovec L. et al. (2015), “The "dual-spot" Aethalometer: an improved measurement of aerosol black carbon with real-time loading compensation”, AMT, 8, 1965-1979. Arnott, W.

  • Page 139: Conformity Documents

    Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER CONFORMITY DOCUMENTS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 139/146...
  • Page 140 Aethalometer Model AE33 18. CONFORMITY DOCUMENTS ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 140/146...
  • Page 141 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 141/146...
  • Page 142 Aethalometer Model AE33 CHAPTER CUSTOMER SERVICE AND SUPPORT ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 142/146...

  • Page 143: Customer Service

    SI-1000 Ljubljana SLOVENIA EUROPE fax: +386 59 191 221 www.aerosol.eu In the US, please contact: Magee Scientific Corporation 1916A M.L. King Jr. Way Berkeley CA 94704, USA fax: +1 510 845 7137 www.magescientific.com The distributor responsible for your country is: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual –...

  • Page 144: Returns For Service

    Aethalometer Model AE33 20. RETURNS FOR SERVICE Before returning any Magee Scientific instrument to service, please contact either Magee Scientific or Aerosol office. Aerosol d.o.o., Kamniška 41, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. tel: +386 1 4391 700 support@aerosol.eu Magee Scientific Corporation, 1916A M.L.
  • Page 145 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 145/146...
  • Page 146 Aethalometer Model AE33 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ User's manual – Ver. 1.55 July 2017 146/146...

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