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Safety notices and handling regulations for Lithium-Ion
(LiIo) and Lithium-Polymer (LiPo) batteries
As applicable for all highly technical products, obser-
vance of the following safety notices and handling in-
structions is essential for a long service life, fault-free
operation, and harmless utilization of lithium/polymer
batteries.
These instructions are to be safeguarded. If the unit is
transferred to another user, these instructions should
certainly be passed along to the new user.
General notices
LiIo-/LiPo batteries require particularly attentive han-
dling. This applies to charging, discharging as well
as for storage and other handling. Adherence to the
following special specifications is necessary:
•
Incorrect handling can lead to explosions, fire,
smoke and poisoning hazards. Furthermore,
disregard for instructions and warnings can lead to
performance losses and other defects.
•
The battery's capacity is reduced by every charge/
discharge cycle. Storing the battery at tempera-
tures which are too high or too low can also lead
to a gradual reduction in capacity. In model opera-
tion, battery capacity drops to about 50 ... 80 %
of new battery capacity after about 50 charge/dis-
charge cycles – even though all charge/discharge
rules are followed. This is due in part to the high
discharge currents and inductive currents caused
by motors.
•
Battery packs may only be connected in series or
parallel in exceptional cases as cell capacities and
charged state can differ too greatly. This is why the
battery packs we deliver are selected.
Special notices for charging LiIo-/LiPo batteries
from Graupner
•
Since Graupner GmbH & Co. KG cannot super-
vise the correct charging and discharging of cells,
the entire guarantee is void in cases of improper
charging or discharging.
•
Never leave batteries being charged unattended.
8
Safety notices
•
Only approved chargers with appropriate charging
cables may be used for charging LiIo-/LiPo bat-
teries. Any manipulation to the charger or charger
cables can lead to severe damage.
•
The maximum charging capacity must be limited
to 1.05 times the battery's capacity.
Example: 700 mAh battery = 735 mAh max. charg-
ing capacity
•
Use only the outlet-charger included with the set
or a specially designed charger/discharger from
Graupner to charge and discharge LiIo-/LiPo bat-
teries, refer to page 17 or www.graupner.de.
•
Ensure the settings for the number of cells or for
final charging voltage and final discharge volt-
age are correct. Be sure to observe the operating
instructions for your charger/discharger.
Other handling notices
•
The battery to be charged must be placed on a
non-combustible, heat resistant, non-conducting
surface during the charging process. Combustible
or readily ignited objects are to be kept away from
the charging configuration. Batteries may only be
charged under supervision.
•
LiIo-/LiPo batteries connected in series within a
pack may only be charged as a group if the volt-
age of individual cells do not differ by more than
0.05 V. The LiIo battery included with the set is
equipped with a special safety circuit such that
"compensation" for voltage differences between
individual cells, by way of an otherwise typical
balancer plug connection, is not necessary.
•
Under these conditions Graupner LiIo-/LiPo bat-
teries can be charged with a maximum of 2 C (the
value 1 C corresponds to the cell capacity) charg-
ing current. At a voltage of maximum 4.2 V per cell
and above, charging must continue a constant
voltage of 4.2 V per cell until charging current
drops below 0.1 ... 0.2 A.
•
Charging voltage over 4.20 V per cell must be
avoided absolutely as the cell would otherwise be
permanently damage and could cause a fire. In or-
der to prevent the over-charging of individual cells
in a pack, a cut-off voltage between 4.1 ... 4.15 V
per cell should be set to increase service life.
•
Never attempt to charge battery cells with the
wrong polarity. Abnormal chemical reactions take
place when batteries are charged with reversed
polarity and the battery will be useless. This can
cause breaks, smoke and flames.
•
The permissible temperature range for charging
and storing LiIo-/LiPo batteries is 0 ... +50 °C.
Storage
LiIo-/LiPo cells should have a 10 ... 20 % charge
capacity when stored. If cell voltage drops below 3 V,
then LiIo-/LiPo cells must absolutely be recharged to
a capacity of 10 ... 20 % of full capacity. Otherwise,
further deep-discharging of the battery will make it
useless during storage in a discharged state.
Special notices for discharging LiIo-/LiPo batter-
ies from Graupner
•
A continuous current rate of about 1 C does not
represent a major problem for Graupner LiIo-/LiPo
batteries. For larger currents, please follow the
catalog specifications. In any case, observe the
maximum current rating for the connector system,
see maximum discharge current on the battery.
•
Discharging below 2.5 V per cell damages cells
permanently and is therefore to be avoided abso-
lutely.
Short circuit conditions are to be avoided abso-
lutely. Permanent short circuits lead to destruc-
tion of the battery, high temperatures and perhaps
even self-ignition may follow.
•
During discharge, battery temperature must not
rise, in any case, to over +70 °C. Otherwise, better
cooling or a lower rate of discharge must be in-
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