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TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol: A simple version of FTP protocol that has no password
authentication or directory structure capability.
ToS: type of service. It is a byte defined in the IPv4 header which is used for various purposes
over the years and mostly for the IP precedence.
Trellis Code: An advanced method of FEC (Forward Error Correction). When enabled, it
makes for better error checking at the cost of slower packet transmission. Setting Trellis Code
to be disabled will cause increased packet transmission with decreased error correction.
TTL: Time To Live: A value in an IP packet that indicates whether or not the packet has been
propagating through the network too long and should be discarded.
UBR: Unspecified Bit Rate: A transfer mode that is usually used in file transferring, email, etc.
UBR can vary depending on the data type.
USB: Universal Serial Bus: A standard interface between a computer and a peripheral (printer,
external drives, digital cameras, scanners, network interface devices, modems, etc.) that
allows data transferring.
UDP: User Datagram Protocol: A protocol that is used instead of TCP when reliable delivery
is not required. Unlike TCP, UDP does not require an acknowledgement (handshake) from
the receiving end. UDP sends packets in one-way transmissions.
VBR-nrt: Variable Bit Rate – non real time: With VBR-nrt, cell transfer is variable upon certain
criteria.
VC: Virtual Circuit: A virtual circuit is a circuit in a network that appears to be a physically
discrete path, but is actually a managed collection of circuit resources that allocates specific
circuits as needed to satisfy traffic requirements.
VCI: Virtual Channel Identifier: A virtual channel identified by a unique numerical tag that is
defined by a 16-bit field in the ATM cell header. The purpose of the virtual channel is to
identify where the cell should travel.
VC-Mux: Virtual Circuit based Multiplexing: In VC Based Multiplexing, the interconnect
protocol of the carried network is identified implicitly by the VC (Virtual Circuit) connecting the
two ATM stations (each protocol must be carried over a separate VC).
VPI: Virtual Path Identifier: Virtual path for cell routing indicated by an eight bit field in the ATM
cell header.
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